положение+земли

[ˏnju: ˊdʒǝ:rzɪ] Нью-Джерси, штат из группы Среднеатлантических штатов США <Jersey, остров на юге Англии в проливе Ла- Манш>. Сокращение: NJ. Прозвища: «садовый штат» [*Garden State], «устричный штат» [Clam State], «москитный штат» [*Mosquito State]. Житель штата: ньюджерсиец [New Jerseyite]. Столица: г. Трентон [Trenton]. Девиз: «Свобода и процветание» [‘Liberty and prosperity’]. Цветок: фиалка [purple violet]. Птица: щегол восточный [eastern goldfinch]. Дерево: дуб красный/американский [red oak]. Насекомое: пчела [honeybee]. Животное: лошадь [horse]. Песня: «Песня верности Нью-Джерси» [‘New Jersey Loyalty Song’]. Площадь: 19479 кв. км (7,787 sq. mi.) (46- е место). Население (1992): 7,7 млн. (9- е место). Крупнейшие города: Ньюарк [Newark], Джерси-Сити [Jersey City], Патерсон [Paterson], Элизабет [Elizabeth]. Экономика. Значение штата Нью-Джерси в экономике США значительно превосходит его размеры. Занимая стратегически важное положение, обладая густой сетью железных и шоссейных дорог, туннелей и мостов, он является центром грузопотоков. Это самый густонаселённый штат США ( плотность населения ок. 1000 человек на кв. милю) и один из наиболее экономически развитых. Наряду с высокоразвитой промышленностью важное место занимает сельское хозяйство пригородного типа [*truck farming]. Основные отрасли: химическая и электронная промышленность, нефтепереработка, обслуживание, торговля, машиностроение. Основная продукция: продукция машиностроительной и химической промышленности, радиоэлектроника и электрооборудование, металлоизделия. Сельское хозяйство. Основная продукция: фрукты, овощи, кукуруза, соя, томаты, черника, персики, клюква, сено. Животноводство (1992): развито молочное животноводство; скота — 77 тыс., свиней — 24 тыс., овец — 13 тыс., птицы — 2,1 млн. Лесное хозяйство: сосна, лиственница, твёрдодревесные породы. Минералы: щебень, строительный песок и гравий. Рыболовство (1992): на 97,5 млн. долл. История. У индейцев племени ленни-ленапе [Lenni Lenape], называемых европейцами делаверами [Delaware], с самого начала установились мирные отношения с колонистами, которые стали прибывать после посещения этих мест исследователями Веррацано [*Verrazano] в 1524 и Гудзоном [*Hudson] в 1609. Первыми колонистами были голландцы, Нью-Джерси был частью Новых Нидерландов. Когда англичане в 1664 захватили Новые Нидерланды [New Netherlands], земли между реками Делавэр и Гудзон стали английской колонией, управляемой губернатором Филипом Картеретом [Carteret, Philip]. Занимая стратегически важное положение между Нью-Йорком и Филадельфией, во время Войны за независимость штат Нью-Джерси был ареной почти 100 сражений, в том числе таких, как при Трентоне [Trenton] (1776), Принстоне [Princeton] (1777), Монмуте [Monmouth] (1778). После Войны за независимость в штате стала быстро развиваться промышленность. В 1791 на месте нынешнего г. Патерсон по инициативе А. Гамильтона возник первый образцовый фабричный посёлок. Достопримечательности: пляжи, протянувшиеся на 127 миль; конкурс на звание «Мисс Америка» и отели-казино в Атлантик-Сити [Atlantic City]; дом, где родился Гровер Кливленд [Cleveland, Stephen Grover] в Колдуэлле [Caldwell]; дом выдающегося американского поэта Уолта Уитмена [*Whitman, Walt] в Камдене; исторический район Кейп-Мэй [Cape May]; лаборатории Эдисона в Уэст-Орандж [*West Orange]; парк аттракционов «Большое приключение» [Great Adventure]; парк Свободы [Liberty State Park]; спортивный комплекс «Медоулендс» [Meadowlands]; заповедник Пайн-Барренс [Pine Barrens]; Принстонский университет [*Princeton]; многочисленные исторические места, связанные с Войной за независимость. Выдающиеся ньюджерсийцы: Бэйси, «Каунт» [*Count Basie], музыкант джаза; Бэрр, Аарон [*Burr, Aaron], политический деятель; Кливленд, С. Гровер [*Cleveland, S. Grover], 24-й президент США; Купер, Дж. Фенимор [*Cooper, J. Fenimore], писатель; Крейн, Стивен [*Crane, Stephen], писатель; Эдисон, Томас [*Edison, Thomas], изобретатель; Эйнштейн, Альберт [*Einstein, Albert], физик-теоретик; Гамильтон, Александр [*Hamilton, Alexander], политический деятель; Килмер, Джойс [*Kilmer, Joyce], писательница; Макклеллан, Джордж [*McClellan, George], генерал; Пейн, Томас [Paine, Thomas], идеолог Американской революции; Робсон, Пол [*Robeson, Paul], певец и общественный деятель; Синатра, Фрэнк [*Sinatra, Frank], эстрадный певец и киноактёр; Спрингстин, Брюс [*Springsteen, Bruce], певец и композитор; Уитмен, Уолт [*Whitman, Walt], поэт; Вильсон, Т. Вудро [*Wilson, Woodrow], 28- й президент США. Ассоциации: самый урбанизированный и густонаселённый штат Америки; один из наиболее экономически развитых штатов; пригород Нью-Йорка, поставляющий туда овощи и зелень [Garden State]; Атлантик-Сити с конкурсами на звание «Мисс Америка», с многочисленными казино и связями мафии с игорным бизнесом называют «Лас-Вегасом Востока» [Las Vegas of the East]; широко известна прогулочная площадка в Атлантик-Сити вдоль берега океана [boardwalk]

1. I 2. II 3. III 4. IV 5. XIII 6. XV 7. XVI 8. XIX1 9. XXI1 10. XXV

1. буш (большие пространства некультивированной земли в Австралии и Новой Зеландии, поросшие кустарником или деревьями до 10-12 м высотой) 2. лес (в Австралии и Новой Зеландии) 3. внутренние р-ны австралийского материка; тж. outback, Never-Never, Woop-Woop

to go bush – 1) пренебрегать условиями цивилизованной жизни 2) избрать деревенский образ жизни; to take to the bush – 1) внезапно покинуть привычное окружение или круг друзей 2) скрываться в лесу 3) стать бродягой

II относящийся к бушу, обладающий качествами, присущими бушу

bush ape – разнорабочий в сельской местности; bush ballad – баллада о жизни в буше, лиро-эпическая поэма народного характера; bush breakfast – неприхотливый, приготовленный на скорую руку завтрак; bush carpenter – неумелый работник, самоучка-плотник; bush cure – домашнее средство (лекарство); bush dweller – представитель фауны буша или житель буша; bushfire blond – рыжеволосая девушка; bush hospitality – гостеприимство по-австралийски; bush hut – сооружение из подручного материала; bush lawyer – человек, якобы разбирающийся в законах; bush mile – миля с гаком

III 1. заблудиться, потерять ориентацию; тж. to get bushed 2. сконфузить, поставить в неловкое положение

to bush up a person – поставить кого-л. в неловкое положение

[ʌp] 1. нареч. 2. предл. 3. прил. 4. сущ. 5. гл.; разг.

approach n abbreviated visual approach advisory approach aerodrome approach aerodrome approach aids aerodrome approach area aerodrome approach chart aerodrome approach control system aerodrome approach lights aerodrome approach road aeronautical approach chart aids to approach angle of approach angle of approach light approach angle correction approach angle indicator approach area approach area hazard approach azimuth approach azimuth antenna approach azimuth guidance approach beacon approach beam approach ceiling approach chart approach clearance approach computer approach control approach controller approach control point approach control radar approach control service approach control tower approach control unit approach course approach elevation antenna approach end approach facilities approach final approach fix approach flight reference point approach flight track distance approach flow approach funnel approach glide approach glide slope approach guidance nose-in to stand system approach heading approach height approach idle approach information approaching aircraft approach landing approach leg approach light beacon approach lighting approach lighting system (к ВПП) approach lights approach lights collision approach mass correction approach measurement distance approach navigation approach noise angle approach noise level approach noise measurement approach noise path approach noise reference point approach operation approach path approach pattern approach phase approach procedure approach profile approach radar system approach rate of descent approach sector approach segment approach sequence approach setting approach slope guidance approach slope indicator approach speed approach system approach technique approach terrain approach test procedure approach the beam approach threshold lights approach time approach to land procedures approach with flaps down approach zone automatic approach automatic approach system azimuth approach path back course approach beam approach beam approach beacon system blind approach center line approach circling approach circling approach area clearance for straight-in approach complete approach contact approach continuous descent approach coupled approach crossbar approach lighting system (к ВПП) crosswind approach curved approach decelerating approach direction of approach discontinue approach discontinued approach discontinued approach climb enter the final approach track execute approach expected approach time final approach final approach altitude final approach fix final approach operation final approach path final approach track flap approach position flat approach front course approach gliding approach ground controlled approach ground-controlled approach procedure head-on approach helicopter approach height initial approach initial approach altitude initial approach fix initial approach segment inner approach lighting instrument approach chart instrument approach course instrument approach landing instrument approach procedure instrument landing approach intermediate approach intermediate approach fix intermediate approach operation land approach landing approach speed left-hand approach localizer approach localizer approach track long approach low-visibility approach measured approach profile miss approach missed approach missed approach azimuth missed approach operation missed approach procedure missed approach procedure track no-aids used approach no-flap approach speed no-flap - no-slat approach speed noise certification approach path nominal approach path nonprecision approach nonprecision approach procedure nonprecision approach runway nonstraight-in approach normal approach no-slat approach speed offset approach one-eighty approach practice low approach precision approach precision approach lighting system precision approach path precision approach path indicator precision approach procedure precision approach radar precision approach radar system precision approach runway precision approach terrain chart procedure approach track radar approach radar approach beacon radar approach control radio approach aids rectangular approach traffic pattern rectangular traffic pattern approach reference approach angle reference approach height right-hand approach runway approach surveillance radar segmented approach segmented approach path selected approach altitude selected approach slope serve approach short approach simple approach simple approach lighting system (к ВПП) standard approach standard approach system standard beam approach system steadiness of approach steady approach steep approach step-down approach straight-in approach straight-in approach path straight-in ILS-type approach surveillance radar approach symmetric thrust approach teardrop approach timed approach upwind approach visual aids to approach visual approach visual approach indicator visual approach slope indicator system visual approach streamline

landing n land v accuracy landing achieve a smooth landing aerodrome of intended landing aft landing gear aircraft landing aircraft landing measurement system allowable landing weight all-weather landing capability amphibious landing gear angle of landing approach landing arresting landing gear asymmetric thrust landing autoflare landing automatic landing automatic landing system autorotation landing auxiliary landing field bad weather landing balked landing balked landing path be forced landing belly landing below the landing minima bicycle landing gear blind landing blind landing system body landing gear bogie-type landing gear bounced landing bumpy landing cantilever landing gear carry out a landing castor landing gear clear landing collapsed landing gear commence the landing procedure commit landing compulsory landing contact landing conventional takeoff and landing aircraft correct landing crash landing crash landing strip cross-wind landing day landing dead-engine landing dead-stick landing deck landing design landing mass design landing weight direction for landing distress landing downwind landing dummy landing gear electronic landing aids system emergency landing emergency landing gear emergency landing gear extension emergency landing provisions engine-out landing evacuation in crash landing extend the landing gear fail to extend landing gear fail to retract landing gear fear-up landing fee per landing fixed landing gear flap landing position flapless landing flaps landing setting float-type landing gear forced landing forward retracting landing gear four-wheel bogie landing gear free-fall landing gear from landing operations from landing taxiing full-circle landing full-stop landing gear-down landing glide landing glide-path landing system grass landing area ground-controlled landing ground taxi from landing operation hard landing helicopter-type landing hull equipped landing gear improper landing flareout inadvertently retracted landing gear instrument approach landing instrument landing instrument landing approach instrument landing system intended landing intermediate landing inward retracting landing gear kill the landing speed land after procedure land downwind landing accident landing aerodrome landing after last light landing aids landing approach speed landing area facilities landing beacon landing beam landing beside fix landing capability landing capacity landing characteristics landing charge landing chart landing clearance landing clearance confirmation landing conditions landing configuration landing control landing direction-finding station landing direction indicator landing direction indicator lights landing direction lights landing distance landing distance available landing distance with reverse thrust landing field landing flap landing flare landing flare path landing floodlight landing forecast landing gear landing gear bogie landing gear cycle landing gear door landing gear door latch landing gear drop tests landing gear extention time landing gear fairing landing gear fulcrum landing gear indication system landing gear is down and locked landing gear locking pin landing gear malfunction landing gear operating speed landing gear pilot landing gear pilot pin landing gear position indicator landing gear shock strut landing gear spat (не убирающегося в полете) landing gear tread landing gear well landing gear well dome landing gear wheel landing guidance system landing heading landing headlight landing instruction landing lights landing load landing mass landing minima landing noise landing off the aerodrome landing operation landing pattern landing performance landing procedure landing request landing roll landing roll operation landing run landing runway landing sequence landing sign landing site (для вертолетов) landing speed landing strip (с грунтовым покрытием) landing sudden windshift landing system landing technique landing tee landing transition segment landing turn landing water run landing weight landing windshear land into the wind land into wind land on water land the aircraft land vertically lateral drift landing level landing levered landing gear lock the landing gear lock the landing gear down lock the landing gear up lower the landing gear low visibility landing main landing gear main landing gear beam maximum permitted landing weight minimum landing speed night landing nonretractable landing gear nose landing gear nose landing gear door off-field landing overshooting landing overweight landing pancake landing partial flap landing pontoon equipped landing gear power-off autorotative landing power-on landing precision landing prematurely retracted landing gear prepared landing area prepare for landing priority landing prohibition of landing quadricycle landing gear radar landing minima radio-beacon landing system raise the landing gear rearward retracting landing gear rebound landing reduced takeoff and landing aircraft release the landing gear release the landing gear lock retractable landing gear retract the landing gear reverse-thrust landing rough landing run from landing running landing run out the landing gear safe landing semilevered landing gear short landing short takeoff and landing aircraft single-skid landing gear skid-equipped landing gear ski-equipped landing gear smooth landing speed in landing configuration (конфигурации воздушного судна) spot landing stall landing steerable landing gear straight-in landing supplementary landing gear tail-down landing tailwheel landing gear take-off and landing characteristics talk-down landing test landing three-point landing touch-and-go landing trend-type landing tricycle landing gear two-point landing unlatch the landing gear unobstructed landing area upwind landing vertical landing vertical takeoff and landing aircraft visual landing visually judged landing water landing wheel landing gear wheels-down landing wheels-up landing whilst landing wide-track landing gear wind-assisted landing gear wind landing gear zero-zero landing

level n above ground level above mean sea level acoustic reference level actual noise level measurement actual sideline noise level aerodrome level aircraft cost level altitude above sea level ambient noise level approach noise level arrival flight level at the ground level automatic level control background level battery electrolyte level be on the level on the hour certificated noise level cloud level community noise level continuous perceived noise level correlation of levels cruising level day-night sound level departure flight level design noise level deviation from the level flight en-route change of level eye level path fare level flight level flight level table fly at a low level fly level flyover noise level freezing level fuel level gage fuel low level switch (в баке) ground level high level network high level significant weather chart holding flight level illumination level international standard atmosphere level keep level layer between levels level attitude level control level cruise level down level flight level flight noise requirements level flight path level flight time level flying level gage level graticule level information level landing level of airworthiness level off level of safety level of speech interference level slope direction level switch (напр. топлива) level the aircraft out level turn level up liquid level switch (гироскопического прибора) lower flight level low level wind-shear alert system maintain the flight level maximum permissible noise level mean sea level mean sea level pressure minimum cruising level minimum level noise level noise level attenuation curve noise level radiation noise level value noise pressure level odd flight level oil level hole oil level tube output level overall sound pressure level peak perceived noise level permissible noise level pilot ability level pilot experience level precision sound level meter preset flight level reach the flight level recording level reduce noise level reference fare level remain level report reaching the flight level runway level safe level safety level sea level sea level atmospheric density single level overflight measurement skill level slope of level (шумов) sound exposure level sound level history sound level meter sound pressure level staggered flight level standard foreign fare level standard industry fare level standard noise level table of cruising levels takeoff surface level tank level indicator target level of safety tariff level factor threshold level transition level upper flight level upper level control area usable flight level

acknowledgement of receipt actual time of arrival aerodrome of call aerodrome of departure aerodrome of intended landing aerodrome of origin aircraft center - of - gravity airport of departure airport of destination airport of entry allocation of duties allocation of frequencies allotment of frequencies alternative means of communication amount of controls amount of feedback amount of precipitation angle of allowance angle of approach angle of approach light angle of ascent angle of attack angle of climb angle of coverage angle of crab angle of descent angle of deviation angle of dip angle of dive angle of downwash angle of elevation angle of exit angle of glide angle of incidence angle of indraft angle of lag angle of landing angle of pitch angle of roll angle - of - sideslip transmitter angle of sight angle of slope angle of stall angle of turn angle of upwash angle of visibility angle of yaw antimeridian of Greenwich apparent drift of the gyro application of tariffs approach rate of descent arc of a path arc of equal bearings area of coverage area of coverage of the forecasts area of occurence area of responsibility arrest the development of the stall assessment of costs assignment of duties Association of European Airlines Association of South Pacific Airlines assumption of control message at a speed of at the end of at the end of segment (полета) at the end of stroke (поршня) at the start of cycle at the start of segment (полета) aviation-to-aviation type of interference avoidance of collisions avoidance of hazardous conditions axial of bank axis of precession axis of roll axis of rotation axis of yaw backward movement of the stick be out of trim best rate of climb bias out of view bill of entry bill of lading blanketing of controls body of compass card boundary of the area Bureau of Administration and Services camber of a profile care of passengers carriage of passengers carry out a circuit of the aerodrome cause of aircraft trouble center of air pressure center of depression center of force center of gravity center of mass center of pressure Central Agency of Air Service certificate of revaccination certificate of safety for flight certificate of vaccination choice of field class of lift clearance of goods clearance of obstacles clearance of the aircraft coefficient of heat transfer come clear of the ground complex type of aircraft composition of a crew concept of separation conditions of carriage cone of rays congestion of information continuity of guidance contour of perceived noise control of an investigation correlation of levels country of arrival country of origin course of training coverage of the chart curve of equal bearings danger of collisions degree of accuracy degree of freedom degree of skill degree of stability denial of carriage Department of Transportation derivation of operating data determination of cause determine amount of the error determine the extent of damage determine the sign of deviation development of the stall direction of approach direction of rotation direction of turn duration of noise effect elevation of the strip elevation setting of light units eliminate the cause of eliminate the source of danger (для воздушного движения) end of runway enforce rules of the air en-route change of level erection of the gyro estimated position of aircraft estimated time of arrival estimated time of departure estimated time of flight even use of fuel extension of ticket validity extent of damage facilitate rapid clearance of factor of safety filing of statistical data first freedom of the air first type of occurence flow of air traffic fly under the supervision of for reasons of safety freedom of action freedom of the air frequency of operations gathering of information general conditions of carriage General Conference of Weights and Measure General Department of International Air Services of Aeroflot get out of control given conditions of flight go out of control go out of the spin grade of service grade of the pilot licence grading of runway height at start of retraction hover at the height of identification of signals inconventional type of aircraft increase a camber of the profile indication of a request in interests of safety initial rate of climb initial stage of go-around inlet angle of attack intake angle of attack integrated system of airspace control interception of civil aircraft International Co-ordinating Council of Aerospace Industries Association International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations International Federation of Air Traffic Controllers' Associations International Relations Department of the Ministry of Civil Aviation interpretation of the signal interpretation of weather chart intersection of air routes in the case of delay in the event of a mishap in the event of malfunction introduction of the corrections keep clear of rotor blades keep clear of the aircraft keep out of the way layout of aerodrome markings layout of controls lessee of an aircraft level of airworthiness level of safety level of speech interference limiting range of mass line of flight line of position line of sight location of distress loss of control loss of pressurization loss of strength magnetic orientation of runway margin of error margin of lift margin of safety margin of stability marking of pavements mean scale of the chart means of communication means of identification meridian of Greenwich method of steepest descent mode of flight moment of inertia moment of momentum name-code of the route onset of wind operation of aircraft out of ground effect out of service overshoot capture of the glide slope period of rating currency personal property of passengers pilot's field of view plane of rotation plane of symmetry of the aeroplane point of arrival point of call point of departure point of destination point of discontinuity point of intersection point of loading point of no return point of origin point of turn-around point of unloading portion of a flight portion of a runway prevention of collisions primary element of structure prohibition of landing prolongation of the rating promotion of safety proof of compliance propagation of sound protection of evidence pull out of the spin pull the aircraft out of radar transfer of control radius of curvature range of coverage range of motion range of revolutions range of visibility range of vision rate of climb rate of closure rate of descent rate of disagreement rate of duty rate of exchange rate of flaps motion rate of growth rate of pitch rate of roll rate of sideslip rate of trim rate of turn rate of yaw reception of telephony record of amendments record of revisions regularity of operations relay of messages release of control removal of aircraft removal of limitations replacement of parts representative of a carrier reservation of a seat retirement of aircraft right - of - entry roll out of the turn rules of the air safe handling of an aircraft second freedom of the air second type of occurence selection of engine mode sequence of fuel usage (по группам баков) sequence of operation showers of rain and snow simultaneous use of runways site of occurrence slope of level (шумов) source of danger Standing Committee of Performance start of leveloff start of takeoff state of aircraft manufacture state of discharge (аккумулятора) state of emergency state of occurence state of transit steadiness of approach steady rate of climb structure of fronts submission of a flight plan system of monitoring visual aids (на аэродроме) system of units (измерения) table of cruising levels table of intensity settings table of limits table of tolerance take out of service target level of safety temporary loss of control termination of control theory of flight time of lag time of origin titl of the gyro top of climb transfer of control transmission of telephony transmit on frequency of triangle of velocities under any kind of engine failure uneven use of fuel unit of measurement velocity of sound wall of overpressure warn of danger within the frame of working language of ICAO zone of intersection zone of silence