προς-επι-κρούω

κρούω, [tense] fut. -σω E.El. 180: [tense] aor.

A

ἔκρουσα X.An.4.5.18

, Hyp.Fr. 201: [tense] pf.

κέκρουκα Diogenian.3.38

, (ἐκ-) Pl.Phdr. 228e, ( προς-) D.21.206:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor.

ἐκρουσάμην Th.7.40

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.

ἐκρούσθην Eratosth. Cat.32

: [tense] pf. κέκρουμαι ( ἀπο-) X.HG7.4.26, or - ουσμαι ( ἀπο-) Ar.Ach. 459:—strike, smite,

ῥυτῆρι κ. γλουτόν S.Fr. 501

; κρούσας δὲ πλευρὰ [τῶν ἵππων] E.Fr.779.6;

τὸν λυχνοῦχον Lys.Fr.83

;

τοῖς ποσὶ τὴν γῆν Arr.An.7.1.5

; also εἰς τὴν χεῖρα τοῖς δακτύλοις κ. with the fingers, D.C.40.16: metaph., κνῖσα κ. ῥινὸς ὑπεροχάς tickles, Ephipp. 3.3.

2 strike one against another, strike together, κ. χεῖρας clap the hands, E.Supp. 720;

τὰ ὅπλα κρουόμενα πρὸς ἄλληλα Th.3.22

;

τὰς ἀσπίδας πρὸς τὰ δόρατα X.An.

l.c.: metaph., ἀλλήλων τοὺς λόγους τοῖς λόγοις ἐκρούομεν ἄν would have knocked their heads together, Pl.Tht. 154e.

3 κ. πόδα (i.e. κ. τὴν γῆν τῷ ποδί), in dancing, E.El. l.c. (lyr.);

ἴχνος ἐν γᾷ κ. Id.IA 1043

(lyr.).

4 metaph. from tapping an earthen vessel, to try whether it rings sound (cf.

κροῦσις 2

): examine, try, prove,

κρούετε ἀπολαμβάνοντες τὸ καλόν Pl.Hp.Ma. 301b

; κἂν διαπειρώμενος κρούσῃς [τὸν κόλακα] Plu.2.64d.

5 strike a stringed instrument with a plectron, Simon.183, Pl.Ly. 209b: generally, play any instrument (v. κροῦμα, κρουματικός)

, αὐλεῖ.. κρούων ἰαστί Com.Adesp.415

: c. dat., κ. κρεμβάλοις, = κρεμβαλίζειν, Ath.14.636d.

6 κ. τὴν θύραν knock at the door on the outside, Ar.Ec. 317, 990 (with play on signf. 8), X.Smp.1.11, Pl.Prt. 310b, 314d, etc.; κόπτειν is better [dialect] Att.acc.to Phryn.154; later

κ. ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν LXX Jd.19.22

.

7 κ. σταθμὸν ἑτερόζυγον, = κρουσιμετρέω, Ps.-Phoc.15;

ὡς μήτε κρούσῃς μήθ' ὑπὲρ χεῖλος βάλῃς S.Fr. 796

;

κρούων γε μὴν αὐτὰς ἐωνούμην Eup.184

.

8 sens. obsc., AB101, cf.Ar.Ec. 990;

κ. πέπλον E.Cyc. 328

.

9 [voice] Med., κρούεσθαι πρύμναν back water, Th.1.51, 54, 3.78;

αἱ πρύμναν κρουόμεναι νῆες Arr.An.5.17.7

(also in [voice] Act., Plb.16.3.8);

κ. ἐπὶ π. τὴν ναῦν App.BC5.119

: hence κρούεσθαι τὸ πτερόν fly backwards, Ael.NA3.13:—also in [voice] Act., Plot.2.9.18.

10 κρούειν ἀκράτῳ, v. πατάσσω 11.2. (Cf. Lith. krùšti 'bruise', 'pound', Lett. krausēt 'thresh'.)

κρούω 1 aor. ἔκρουσα (since Soph. and X., De Re Equ. 11, 4; PGM 5, 75; 92 al.; LXX; TestSol; TestJob 6:4; TestJud 3:1 [αὐτόν]; Philo, Mut. Nom. 139; Jos., Ant. 7, 306) to deliver a blow against someth., strike, knock, in our lit. only of knocking at a door; abs. (on the contrast κρ. … ἀνοίγω cp. SSol 5:2 κρούει ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν Ἄνοιξόν μοι and UPZ 79, 7 [159 B.C.] κρούει θύραν κ. ἀνοίγεται; Eunap., Vi. Soph. p. 94, where it is said fig. of a sophist: ἔκρουε μὲν τὴν θύραν ἱκανῶς, ἠνοίγετο δὲ οὐ πολλάκις) Mt 7:7f; Lk 11:9f; 12:36; Ac 12:16; Rv 3:20. W. acc. τὴν θύραν knock at the door (Aristoph., Eccles. 317; 990; X., Symp. 1, 11; Pla., Prot. 310a; 314d, Symp. 212c; PGM 4, 1854; TestJob 6:4. Further exx. fr. later Gk. in Field, Notes 120. The Atticists reject this expr. in favor of κόπτειν τ. θύραν [Phryn. p. 177 Lob.]. κρ. τὴν θύραν Judg 19:22 A) Lk 13:25; Ac 12:13. ἔκρουσεν πρὸς τὴν θύραν GJs 12:2 (ἔ. τὴν θύραν v.l.; cp. w. ἐπί Judg 19:22 B; SSol 5:2).—B. 553. DELG. M-M. TW.

θύρα, ας, ἡ (Hom.+) ‘door’. As is oft. the case in earlier lit. (e.g. Il. and Od. passim), the pl. can be used of one door (Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 1, 3 Jac.; Philo, Ebr. 49; cp. Jos., C. Ap. 2, 119.—B-D-F §141, 4; Rob. 408).

① door

ⓐ of habitable quarters ἀνοίγειν open the door (LXX; JosAs 10:9; Jos., Vi. 246) Ac 5:19; B 16:9. Pass. Ac 16:26f (Achilles Tat. 7, 13, 1 Λευκίππη τὰς θύρας ἀνεῳγμένας ὁρῶσα). (ἀπο)κλείειν shut Mt 6:6; Lk 13:25a. Pass (LXX; JosAs 10:6; 14:5; Jos., Ant. 18, 74) Mt 25:10; Lk 11:7; J 20:19, 26; Ac 21:30; κρούειν τὴν θ. knock at the door 12:13; Lk 13:25b; also πρὸς τὴν θ. GJs 12:2; ἔδραμεν πρὸς τήν θ. ibid. διὰ τῆς θ. J 10:1f. ἐπὶ τ. θυρῶν before the door(s) Ac 5:23. Also ἐπὶ θύραις (LXX; Aesop, Fab. 466 P.; Jos., Ant. 17, 90. Also with art.: Clearchus, Fgm. 24 p. 17, 21; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 93 §385) 1 Cl 39:9 (Job 5:4); ἐπὶ τῇ θ. Ac 5:9. πρὸ τῆς θύρας 12:6 (schol. on Nicander, Ther. 860 πρὸ τ. θυρῶν); so also JosAs 5:1. πρὸς (τὴν) θ. at the door (Hegesippus Com. [III B.C.] 1, 24 K.) Mk 1:33; 11:4; τὰ πρὸς τὴν θ. the place near the door 2:2 (TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 6 [Stone p. 14]). πρὸς τῇ θ. ἔξω outside the door J 18:16 (cp. Lucian, Herm. 7, 7 ὁ παρὰ τὴν θύραν ἔξω ἑστώς).—θ. τοῦ πύργου Hv 3, 9, 6.—On the θύρα ὡραία Ac 3:2 s. ὡραῖος 2.—1 Cl 43:3 v.l.

ⓑ fig. (Maximus Tyr. 19, 5d ὁ ἔρως ἔστη ἐπὶ θύραις τ. ψυχῆς; Iambl., Myst. 10, 5 [Herm. Wr. IV p. 39, 5ff Sc.] ἡ ἱερατικὴ δόσις καλεῖται ‘θύρα πρὸς θεόν’).

α. ἐγγύς ἐστιν ἐπὶ θύραις he is near, at your very door (cp. X., An. 6, 5, 23; Just., D 32, 3) Mt 24:33; Mk 13:29. Also πρὸ τῶν θυρῶν ἕστηκεν Js 5:9; cp. also Ac 5:9. ἕστηκα ἐπὶ τ. θύραν καὶ κρούω Rv 3:20a; s. also vs. 20b.

β. of the door to the kgdm. of heaven: εἰσελθεῖν διὰ τῆς στενῆς θύρας come in through the narrow door Lk 13:24. Perh. the same door is meant in δέδωκα ἐνώπιόν σου θύραν ἠνεῳγμένην Rv 3:8. But here sense

γ. is also prob., acc. to which the opening of the door represents something made possible or feasible: θύρα μοι ἀνέῳγεν μεγάλη 1 Cor 16:9 (HNie, Vox Theologica 10, ’40, 185–92); cp. 2 Cor 2:12; Col 4:3. Sim. ὁ θεὸς … ἤνοιξεν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν θύραν πίστεως Ac 14:27 (πίστις 2dα).

② a passage for entering a structure, entrance, doorway, gate

ⓐ of the door-like opening of a cave-tomb (cp. Od. 9, 243; SEG VIII, 200, 3 [I A.D., Jerus.]) ἡ θ. τοῦ μνημείου Mt 27:60; Mk 15:46; 16:3. θ. τοῦ μνήματος GPt 8:32; cp. 9:37; 12:53f.—The firm vault of heaven has a ‘door’ (cp. Ps 77:23), which opens to admit favored ones Rv 4:1 (difft., GRinaldi, CBQ 25, ’63, 336–47).

ⓑ In John Jesus calls himself ἡ θύρα J 10:9, thus portraying himself as an opening that permits passage: the gate for the sheep; ἡ θύρα (ὁ ποιμήν P⁷⁵ et al.) τῶν προβάτων vs. 7, however, has the sense which is prominent in the context, the gate to the sheep (s. Hdb. ad loc.; EFascher, Ich bin d. Thür! Deutsche Theologie ’42, 34–57; 118–33).—Jesus as the θύρα τοῦ πατρός the door to the Father IPhld 9:1.—B. 466. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.