πλανάομαι

συμ-πλανάομαι, u. συμ-πλάζομαι, mit, zugleich, zusammen umherirren, umherschweifen

συμ-πλανάομαι, u. συμ-πλάζομαι, mit, zugleich, zusammen umherirren, umherschweifen

πλανάω fut. πλανήσω; 1 aor. ἐπλάνησα. Pass.: 1 aor. ἐπλανήθην; perf. πεπλάνημαι (s. four next entries; Hom., Aeschyl., Hdt.+; gener. notion: without fixed goal or apparent rationale).

① to cause to go astray from a specific way, act.

ⓐ lead astray, cause to wander τινά someone (Aeschyl., Prom. 573; Hdt. 4, 128 et al.) in imagery πλ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ cause someone to wander from the right way D 6:1 (for πλ. ἀπὸ τ. ὁδοῦ cp. Dt 11:28; Wsd 5:6).

ⓑ mislead, deceive τινά someone trans. sense of 1a without imagistic detail (Pla., Prot 356d, Leg. 655d al.; pap, LXX; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 17 [Stone p. 54, 17] death deceived Abraham; TestLevi 10:2; TestJud 15:5; GrBar 4:8; Just., D. 103, 6; Orig., C. Cels. 5, 5, 29; Hippol., Ref. 6, 20, 2) Mt 24:4f, 11, 24; Mk 13:5f; J 7:12; 1J 2:26; 3:7; Rv 2:20; 12:9; 13:14; 19:20; 20:3, 8, 10; IMg 3:2; IPhld 7:1a. πλ. ἑαυτόν deceive oneself 1J 1:8. Abs. 2 Ti 3:13a.—S. 2cδ below.

② to proceed without a sense of proper direction, go astray, be misled, wander about aimlessly, pass. freq. in act. sense

ⓐ lit. (since Il. 23, 321; Gen 37:15; PsSol 17:17; ParJer 5:9; ApcrEzk P 1 verso 12; Jos., Bell. 7, 160; Iren. 1, 8, 4 [Harv. I 73, 3]) ἐπὶ (v.l. ἐν) ἐρημίαις πλανώμενοι Hb 11:38. Of sheep who have become lost (Ps 118:176) Mt 18:12ab, 13. ὡς πρόβατα πλανώμενα 1 Pt 2:25 v.l.

ⓑ in imagery of people who strayed fr. the right way (cp. 1a), ὡς πρόβατα πλανώμενοι 1 Pt 2:25. ὡς πρόβατα ἐπλανήθημεν 1 Cl 16:6a (Is 53:6a; cp. also Ps 118:176). καταλείποντες εὐθεῖαν ὁδὸν ἐπλανήθησαν 2 Pt 2:15. ἄνθρωπος … ἐπλανήθη everyone … went astray 1 Cl 16:6b (Is 53:6b). πλανῶνται καὶ ταλαιπωροῦσιν περιπατοῦντες ἐν ταῖς ἀνοδίαις they wander about and are miserable as they go through trackless country Hv 3, 7, 1 (ἐν as Lucian, Calumn. 1 ἐν σκότῳ; Hb 11:38 v.l.).

ⓒ fig. without the imagistic detail of 2b (cp. 1b)

α. go astray, be deluded (Cebes 6, 3; 24, 2; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 79, 41) Tit 3:3 (Dio Chrys. 4, 115 πλανῶνται … δεδουλωμέναι ἡδοναῖς); Hb 5:2; 1 Cl 39:7 (Job 5:2); 59:4; 2 Cl 15:1 (of the ψυχή as Pr 13:9a; Wsd 17:1); B 2:9; B 16:1. πλανῶνται τῇ καρδίᾳ their minds are going astray Hb 3:10 (Ps 94:10). τινὲς δὲ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπλανήθησαν … μὴ εἰδότες but some people went astray … because they did not know Ox 1081, 21 (as restored).

β. wander away ἀπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας (Theoph. Ant. 2, 14 [p. 136, 26]) Js 5:19 (cp. Wsd 5:6).

γ. be mistaken in one’s judgment, deceive oneself (Isocr., Ep. 6, 10 al.; Jos., Bell. 1, 209, Ant. 10, 19; PFlor 61, 16; 2 Macc 7:18; ApcEsdr 2:28 [p. 26, 22 Tdf.]; Ar. 4, 2 al.; Hippol., Ref. 5, 8, 1; Theoph. Ant. 1, 11 [p. 82, 13]) Mt 22:29; Mk 12:24; Hv 2, 4, 1. πολὺ πλανᾶσθε you are very much mistaken Mk 12:27. μὴ πλανᾶσθε make no mistake (Epict. 4, 6, 23) 1 Cor 6:9; Gal 6:7; Js 1:16. ἐν πᾶσιν πεπλανήμεθα we are wholly mistaken B 15:6 (cp. Hero Alex. III p. 214, 2 ἐν μηδενὶ πλανᾶσθαι).

δ. be deceived, be misled πλανῶντες καὶ πλανώμενοι deceivers (of others) and (themselves) deceived 2 Ti 3:13 (cp. Herm. Wr. 16, 16 ὁ πλανώμενος κ. πλανῶν).—Let oneself be misled, deceived (s. Gildersleeve, Syntax I§167 on the ‘permissive’ pass.; Bel 7 Theod.; JosAs 13:10; Just., D. 118, 3) Mt 24:24 v.l.; Lk 21:8; J 7:47; Rv 18:23. μὴ πλανᾶσθε 1 Cor 15:33; IEph 16:1; IMg 8:1; IPhld 3:3. μηδεὶς πλανάσθω IEph 5:2; ISm 6:1. τὸ πνεῦμα οὐ πλανᾶται the Spirit is not led into error IPhld 7:1b. ὑπὸ τοῦ ὄφεως πλανᾶται he is deceived by the serpent or he lets himself be misled by the serpent Dg 12:6 (UPZ 70, 28 [152/151 B.C.] πλανώμενοι ὑπὸ τ. θεῶν; Alex. Aphr., Fat. 12 p. 180, 25 Br. ὑπὸ τ. φύσεως).—Schmidt, Syn. I 547–62. DELG s.v. πλανάομαι. M-M. EDNT. TW.

πλάνη, ης, ἡ (πλανάω; Aeschyl., Hdt.+; BGU 1208, 6 [27/ 26 B.C.]; s. New Docs 2, 94 on freq. use in pap in sense of ‘deceit’; PWisc II, 10 [III A.D.] ‘mistake’; LXX; En 99:7; TestSol [personified]; Test12Patr; JosAs 8:10; AscIs 2:10; 3:28; Philo; Jos., Ant. 4, 276; apolog. exc. Mel.; Orig.). In our lit. only as fig. ext. of the primary mng. (‘roaming, wandering’, e.g. Hdt. 1, 30 of Solon, who roamed the earth in search of new information): wandering fr. the path of truth, error, delusion, deceit, deception to which one is subject (Pla. et al., also Diod S 2, 18, 8; Herm. Wr. 1, 28 οἱ συνοδεύσαντες τῇ πλάνῃ; Tob 5:14 BA; Pr 14:8; Jer 23:17; Just., A I, 56, 3; w. φαντασία Theoph. Ant. 2, 8 [p. 118, 4]) Mt 27:64. Of an erroneous view of God, as exhibited in polytheism, resulting in moral degradation (Wsd 12:24; Ar. 2, 1 al.; Just., D. 47, 1; Tat. 29, 1; Iren., 1, 1, 3 [Harv. I 11, 10]; Did., Gen. 217, 30) Ro 1:27; cp. τερατεία καὶ πλάνη τῶν γοήτων Dg 8:4 (Jos., Ant. 2, 286 κατὰ γοητείαν κ. πλάνην). διὰ τὴν ἐν κόσμῳ πλάνην AcPl Ha 1, 15 (cp. Just., D. 113, 6 ἀπὸ τῆς πλάνης τοῦ κόσμου).—Eph 4:14 (s. μεθοδεία); 1 Th 2:3; 2 Th 2:11 (opp. ἀλήθεια vs. 10). ἡ τῶν ἀθέσμων πλ. the error of unprincipled pers. 2 Pt 3:17; τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν B 12:10. Cp. IEph 10:2. ἡ τῆς πλ. ἀνομία B 14:5 (ἀνομία 1). ἡ πλ. τοῦ νῦν καιροῦ 4:1. παρείσδυσιν πλάνης ποιεῖν 2:10 (s. παρείσδυσις). W. ἀπάτη Dg 10:7. W. ἀπώλεια 2 Cl 1:7. ἡ κενὴ ματαιολογία καὶ ἡ τῶν πολλῶν πλάνη Pol 2:1. μῦθος καὶ πλάνη a mere story and a delusion 2 Cl 13:3. οἱ ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφόμενοι 2 Pt 2:18. τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς πλάνης (Test12Patr.—Opp. to τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας: TestJudah 20:1) the spirit of error 1J 4:6. ἐκ πλάνης ὁδοῦ αὐτοῦ Js 5:20 (ὁδός 3b). τῇ πλάνῃ τοῦ Βαλαὰμ μισθοῦ ἐξεχύθησαν for gain they have wholly given themselves up to Balaam’s error Jd 11 (s. μισθός 1 and ἐκχέω 3).—πλάνη τοῦ ὄφεως Dg 12:3 (cp. Just., D. 88, 4 and Hippol., Ref. 5, 6, 3) is prob. not act., meaning deceiving by the serpent, but the deceit or error originated by it; cp. 12:8.—B. 1185. DELG s.v. πλανάομαι. M-M. TW. Sv.

πλάνης, ητος, ὁ (πλανάω; Soph. et al.; X., Mem. 4, 7, 5; Dio Chrys. 30 [47], 8; Vett. Val. 64, 6; Philo; loanw. in rabb.) Jd 13 v.l. The word is equivalent in mng. to πλανήτης, q.v.—DELG s.v. πλανάομαι. TW.

πλανήτης, ου, ὁ (πλάνης; Soph. et al.; Vett. Val. 65, 4; Hos 9:17; Jos., Ant. 3, 145; Tat.; Ath. 23, 2) wanderer, roamer used as subst. and adj. in our lit. only in the combination ἀστέρες πλανῆται (Aristot., Meteor. 1, 6; Plut., Mor. 604a; 905c f; Ps.-Lucian. Astrol. 14, Salt. 7 al.; PGM 7, 513, mostly of the planets, which appeared to ‘wander’ across the skies among the fixed stars) in imagery, w. tradition such as En 18:15f as background: wandering stars Jd 13 (the v.l. πλάνητες [s. πλάνης] is by no means rare in other lit., e.g. X., Mem. 4, 7, 5; Aristot., Met. 342b, 28 in just this combination).—S. ἀστήρ end. DELG s.v. πλανάομαι. M-M. TW.

πλάνος, ον (πλανάω; Trag. et al.; LXX, Philo, Joseph.) in our lit. only in the transf. sense.: pert. to causing someone to be mistaken

ⓐ as adj., leading astray, deceitful (so Menand., Fgm. 288 Kö.; Theocr. 21, 43; Moschus 1, 28; 5, 10; Jos., Bell. 2, 259; Just., A II, 15, 1, D. 70, 5 al.) πνεύματα πλάνα deceitful spirits 1 Ti 4:1 (cp. TestBenj 6:1; Just., D. 7, 3 al.) τούτων εἰδώλων τῶν πλάνων these seductive images ApcPt Bodl.

ⓑ as subst. ὁ πλάνος deceiver, impostor (Diod S 34 + 35, Fgm. 2, 14; Vett. Val. 74, 18; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 4, 2) of Jesus Mt 27:63 (cp. TestLevi 16:3). W. ὁ ἀντίχριστος 2J 7b; pl. vs. 7a. ὡς πλάνοι καὶ ἀληθεῖς considered impostors, and (yet are) true 2 Cor 6:8.—DELG s.v. πλανάομαι. M-M. TW.

ἀπλανής, ές, gen. οῦς adj. (πλάνης ‘wanderer’; since Pla., Aristot., also EpArist 2; Philo; Jos., Ant. 20, 261; Tat. 9, 2; Ath. 6, 3) pert. to not straying from an established or recognized course, unerring, undeviating, correct τὴν ἀπλανῆ θεοσέβειαν faultless worship of God AcPlCor 2:10.—DELG s.v. πλανάομαι.

ἀποπλανάω fut. ἀποπλανήσω Sir 13:6; 1 aor. ἀπεπλάνησα LXX, pass. ἀπεπλανήθην (s. πλανάω; Hippocr. et al.; Ps.-Pla., Ax. 369d; Polyb. 3, 57, 4; Dionys. Hal.; Plut.; Epict. 4, 6, 38; Sb 7464, 6; LXX; En; TestSol 8:9; TestReub 4:1 [some mss. omit]; Just., D. 124, 3) mislead τινά (2 Ch 21:11; Pr 7:21; Sir 13:6; En 98:15) only fig. of false teachers ἀ. τ. ἐκλεκτούς mislead the elect Mk 13:22; cp. Hm 5, 2, 1; Pol 6:3. Pass. (Sir 4:19; 13:8; 2 Macc 2:2) ἀποπλανᾶσθαι ἀπό τινος wander away fr. someone or someth. ἀ. ἀπὸ τ. πίστεως they have gone astray fr. the faith 1 Ti 6:10 (Dionys. Hal., Comp. Verb. 4 ἀπὸ τ. ἀληθείας). ἀποπλανώμενος ἀπὸ τ. θεοῦ wandered away fr. God Hs 6, 3, 3; ἀ. ἀπὸ τ. διανοίας αὐτῶν wander away fr. their understanding Hm 10, 1, 5. Abs. be led into error (En 8:2) Hs 9, 20, 2. τὰ ἀποπεπλανημένα = τοὺς ἀ. those who have gone astray Pol 6:1.—DELG s.v. πλανάομαι. TW.