πεδ-ίον

ποινη K

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `ransom, fine, penalty, vengeance' ( ep. poet. II.).

Compounds: Compp., e.g. ποιν-ηλατέω `to pursue with vengeance' (on the fomation s. ἐλαύνω), νή-ποινος `unpunished, unavenged' (Od.); on ἄποινα s. v.

Derivatives: 1. ποι[ν]ίον n. = ποινή (Delph. IV^a; like πεδ-ίον, χωρ-ίον a.o.); 2. the adj. ποίν-ιμος `avenging' (S.; like νόμιμος, αἴσιμος, Arbenz 77), - αῖος `punishing, avenging' (late); 3. the verbs a. ποιν-άομαι `to avenge oneself' (E.) with - άτωρ (A., E.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 22f.), - ήτωρ (Nonn.), - ητήρ (Opp.) `avenger'; f. - ῆτις `avengeress' (AP); b. - ίζομαι in aor. - ίξασθαι `to exact a penalty' (Arc. VI^a). Also 4. ποι-νώματα τιμωρήματα H.; after μίσθωμα, κεφάλωμα, μηχάνωμα etc. (cf. Chantraine Form. 187; change to - ήματα not necessary).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [637] kʷoinā `punishment, vengeance'

Etymology: Identical with Av. kaēnā f. `punishment, vengeance'; here also the semantically deviating Lith. káina f. `price, utility' and Slav., e.g. OCS cěna f. ' τιμή', Russ. cěná f. `price, worth' (oxytone as ποινή; Schwyzer 380); all from IE * kʷoinā; on the difference in meaning cf. τιμή beside ποινή and Heubeck Gymnasium 56, 252 ff.; also Luther Weltansicht u. Geistesleben 64 f. -- Old nā-formation (Porzig Satzinhalte 345 f.) of a verb `requite, mend' in τίνω etc.; s. v. Cf. also Fraenkel s. káina and Vasmer s. cěná with further forms and rich lit. Lat. LW [loanword] poena (from where NHG Pein etc.); s. W.-Hofmann s. v., also w. lit. and with rejection of other poposals.

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Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `shackle, fetter' (Il.).

Other forms: Dor. -α, mostly pl. - αι.

Compounds: Often as 2. member, esp. in poets and in late prose, e.g. ἱστο-πέδη; s. on ἱστός with lit.

Derivatives: Dimin. πεδ-ίσκη f. (Thebes III^a), - ιον n. (EM); πεδή-της m. `fettered one, prisoner' (com., Herod., LXX), πέδων, - ωνος m. `id.' (Ar. Fr. 837); denonminative πεδ-άω, - ῆσαι, rarely w. κατα-, ἀμφι-, συν- `to fetter, to bind, to shackle' (esp. poet. since Il.), with πεδα-τάς m. (Dor.) `fetterer' (AP).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [790] *ped- `foot'

Etymology: Deriv. of the old word for `foot', which in Greek has o-ablaut in πούς (s. v.); cf. πέδον, - ίον, - ιλον, πέζα. Similar Lat. ped-ica `shackle', im-ped-iō `hinder', Germ. e.g. OWNo. fjǫturr m. `shackle' (PGm. * fetura-); s. W.-Hofmann s. v., WP. 2, 24f., Pok. 792.

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