παλίν-ορσος

Grammatical information: Adv.

Meaning: `backwards, in the reverse direction' (Il.), `again, anew' (since 5. c.).

Other forms: (hell. poetry a.o. also πάλι).

Compounds: As 2. member in orig. preposit. expressions as ἔμ-παλιν `reversely, on the contrary', ἀνά-παλιν `backwards, aback' with ἀναπαλ-εύω `to take back, to cancel' (pap.). Very often as 1. member, e.g. παλίν-ορσος (s. ὄρρος), παλί̄ωξις f. `pursuit in turn, counterattack' (Il., App.) from *παλι-Ϝίωξις ( παλι after other 1. members in -ι, not old stemform), comp. from πάλιν Ϝιώκειν (Schwyzer 644, Porzig Satzinhalte 191 f., Benveniste Noms d'agent 77 a. 81; to be rejected Bechtel Lex. s.v.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [639] * kʷel(H)- `turn'

Etymology: Frozen acc. of a subst. *πάλις `turning, turn' (from πέλομαι; s. also πάλαι), first as acc. of content in cases like παλιν ἰέναι, βαίνειν, διδόναι. Extensively Solmsen Wortforsch. 157 ff. (also on analog. πάλι); cf. Schwyzer 621. On the α-vowel cf. ἅλις, σπάνις (from *kʷl̥H-i-?).

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πᾰλῐν-ορσος, ον,

A backwards, back,

ὡς ὅτε τίς τε δράκοντα ἰδὼν παλίνορσος ἀπέστη Il.3.33

, cf. Emp.35.1;

ἄγε νῆα.. π. ἐς Ἑλλάδα A.R.1.416

; π. φορή retrograde movement, Aret.SA2.5; recurrent,

ἣν ἡ νοῦσος π. ὀφθῇ Id.CD1.5

: neut. as Adv., back again, AP7.608 (Eutolm.): [dialect] Att. [full] πᾰλίνορρον, with a backward wrench, Ar.Ach. 1179. (- ορσος prob. = ὄρρος, cf. παλιμπυγηδόν.)

ἄψορρος, ον,

A going back, backwards,

ἄψορροι κίομεν Il.21.456

;

ἄψορροι προτὶ Ἴλιον ἀπονέοντο 3.313

;

ἐκ δόμων ἄ... περᾷ S.Ant. 386

, cf. OT 431: mostly in neut. ἄψορρον as Adv., backward, back again,

ἄψορρον.. ἔβη Il.7.413

;

ἄ. οἱ θυμὸς ἀγέρθη 4.152

;

ἄ. προσέφην Od.9.282

;

ἄψορρον ἥξεις A.Pr. 1021

, cf. S.El.53; ὦ παῖδες, οὐκ ἄψορρον (sc. ἄπιτε); ib. 1430;

οὐκ ἄ. ἐκνεμῇ πόδα; Id.Aj. 369

(lyr.). (For ἄψ-ορσος, cf. παλίν-ορσος.)

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `rump, arse' (Ar.), `end of the os sacrum' (Gal.).

Compounds: As 1. member in ὀρρο-πύγ-ιον, Ion. ὀρσο-, s. πυγή. As 2. member in παλίν-ορσος `moving back' (Γ 33, Emp.; - ρρ- Ar. Ach. 1179), s. Wackernagel Unt. 226; prob. also in ἄψορρος, s. v.

Derivatives: ὀρρώδης `belonging to the rump' (Hp., Gal.), ὀρροχμόν ἔσχατον, ἄκρον H., after νεο-χμός(?), s.v. and Belardi Doxa 3, 216f. w. lit. (wrong Specht KZ 66, 199f.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [340] * h₁ers-, *h₁ors- `hindmost'

Etymology: Old inherited expression for `hindmost', which was avoided by the epic for its status (Wackernagel Unt. 224 ff.), identical with Germ., e.g. OHG ars ' Arsch', Arm. oṙ, pl. oṙ-k` (i-st.): IE * ors-o-, * ors-i-; besides OIr. err `tail' \< * h₁ersā. Phönetically unclear is Hitt. arraš `hindmost'; uncertain hypothesis by Neumann KZ 77, 79ff. (w. lit.). Against ὄρρος from *ὄρσος Forbes Glotta 36, 264ff. -- The word can be understood as enlargement of an s-stem * or(o)s-, * er(o)s- `elevation' and can then belong closely together with ὄρος `mountain' (s.v.). Further lit. in Bq, WP. 1, 138, Pok. 340. -- Cf. ὀρσοθύρη and οὑρά.

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Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: esp. a side-door or side-opening at the back, leading from the men's hall in the λαύρη to the rooms upstairs (χ 126, 132, 333); s. Wace Journ ofHellStud. 71, 203ff. w. lit., Bérard REGr. 67, 18 ff.); also sens. obsc. (Semon. 17).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Explanation debated. One is tempted to identify the first element with ὄρρος, ὄρσος `hindmost' (Doederlein Hom. Gloss. 2. 340; thus v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. 376 n., Wackernagel Unt. 226, Lasso de la Vega Emer. 23, 114ff.). This interpretation is as regards the matter and stile without objections; cf. παλίν-ορσος, ἄψ-ορρος and Wackernagel l.c. Others explain it as "high door" connecting either Skt. r̥ṣvá- `high' or varṣ- in várṣ-man- n. `culmen' (Froehde BB 3, 19 ff., Kalén Quaest. gramm. gr. 75ff., extensice w. lit., also on εἰρεθύρη [H.] and ἔρθυρις [EM], WP. 1,138; similar Büchner RhM 83, 97 ff., not convincing; s. also Risch IF 59, 20). -- In the same sphere belongs ὀρρόση-λος ὀδός (cod. ὁδ-). Ίταλιῶται H.; after Kalén l.c. "high threshold". -- With ὀρσο- also: ὀρσο-λόπος surn. of Ares (Anacr. 70) with ὀρσολοπ-εύω (metr. for - έω) `attack, revile' (h. Merc. 308, Max. 102), - έομαι `be teased, disquieted' (A. Pers. 10); ὀρσο-λόπος therefore `attacker v.t.', prop. = ὁ λέπων τὸν ὄρρον (sc. τοῦ φυγόντος πολεμίου); s. Schwyzer Glotta 12, 21ff. (with Müller-Strübing), Lasso de la Vega a.o. Diff. Kalén l.c. ("Hochprahler"). -- ὀρσο-δάκνη f. name of an insect that eats buds (Arist.); naming motive unknown. Unclear also ὀρσοί τῶν ἀρνῶν οἱ ἔσχατοι γενόμενοι H.; the similarity with ἕρσαι (s.v.) jas long been observed (to be rejected Lasso de la Vega l.c).

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Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `going backwards' (Il.).

Other forms: - ον Adv.

Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]

Etymology: Probably "witt the ὄρρος backwards", cf. παλίν-ορσος; see Wackernagel Unt. 1 A. 2 (ρρ for ρσ in ἄψορρος though dissimilation) and 226 A. 1. But Bechtel Lex. s. v. assumes that ἄψορρος stands for ἀψόροος. - The form ἀψόρροος in ἀψορρόου Ώκεανοῖο (Σ 399, υ 65) either from ἄψ and ῥόος with compositional - ο- or rather from ἄψορρος reshaped after ῥόος. S. ὄρρος.

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