νομίμως

νομίμως adv. of νόμιμος (since Thu. 2, 74, 3; OGI 669, 19; 24; freq. pap; 4 Macc 6:18; SibOr 11, 82; Jos., C. Ap. 2. 152; 217; Ath., R. 23 p. 76, 5) pert. to being in accordance with normal procedure, in accordance with rule(s)/law (cp. Lysias Fgm. 53, 4 ν. ἀποθανεῖν=to die as is the normal human experience) of athletes ν. ἀθλεῖν compete according to the rules 2 Ti 2:5 (perh. as opposed to being properly qualified, cp. Epict. 3, 10, 8 ὁ θεός σοι λέγει ‘δός μοι ἀπόδειξιν, εἰ νομίμως ἤθλησας’). Wordplay καλὸς ὁ νόμος, ἐάν τις αὐτῷ ν. χρῆται the law is good, if one uses it lawfully 1 Ti 1:8 (Rob. 1201).—M-M.

νόμιμος

conformable to custom: adverbial

νόμιμος

conformable to custom: masc acc pl (doric)

⁺ D0-0-0-0-1=1 4 Mc 6,18

according to the rule(s) or law, lawfully, in accordance with the law

κρήγῠος, ον, [dialect] Dor. [full] κράγῠος [pron. full] [ᾱ] Cerc.7.14, LysisEp.3:—

A good, useful or agreeable, once in Hom.,

οὐ πώ ποτέ μοι τὸ κ. εἶπας Il.1.106

;

ἄλλο μὲν οὐδὲν κ. AP7.284

(Asclep.); οὐδὲ γουνάτων πόνος κρήγυον a good symptom, Hp.Coac.31;

τό τοι μέγα κρήγυον ἔσται Nic.Th. 935

;

ποτὶ οὐδὲν κράγυον σχολάζοντες Lysis

l.c. Adv.

κρηγύως ἐπαιδεύθην Call.Iamb.1.196

; νομίμως καὶ κ. honourably, Perict. ap. Stob.4.28.19.

2 by a misunderstanding of Hom., true, real,

εἴπατέ μοι τὸ κ. Theoc.20.19

, cf. Hp.Ep.17, AP7.648 (Leon.), Anon. ap. Stob.3.28.21: as Adv., in good earnest,

πορθεῖς με τὸ κ. AP5.57

(Arch.).

3 of persons, good, serviceable,

οὐκ ἐπίστανται, οὐδὲ κ. διδάσκαλοί εἰσι Pl.Alc.1.111e

;

εἰ δ' ἐσσί κ. τε καὶ παρὰ χρηστῶν Theoc.Ep.19

;

παρ' οἴνῳ κ. AP7.355

(Damag.); esp. of a woman, honest, Herod.4.46, 6.39.

ὀρθός, ή, όν,

A straight,

I in height, upright, standing, Hom., who commonly joins it with

στῆναι, στῆ δ' ὀρθός Il.23.271

, al., cf. Hdt.5.111,9.22 (where it is used of a horse rearing);

ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν Il.24.359

, cf. Hes.Op. 540 ;

ὀρθῶν ἑσταότων ἀγορή Il.18.246

;

οἱ δ' ἐν νηΐ μ' ἔδησαν.. ὀρθὸν ἐν ἱστοπέδῃ Od.12.179

, cf. S.Aj. 239 (anap.);

κυρβασίας.. ὀρθὰς εἶχον πεπηγυίας Hdt.7.64

;

ὀρθὸν αἴρεις κάρα A.Ch. 496

, etc.; ὀρθὸν οὖς ἵστησι pricks up his ear, S.El.27, etc.; applied to the erect posture of man, Arist.PA 653a31, al.; ὀ. θηρίον, of man, Philem.3 ; of buildings, standing with their walls entire,

[τὸ Πάνακτον] ὀρθὸν παραδοῦναι Th.5.42

;

ὀρθαὶ κίονες Pi.P.4.267

, cf. PLond. 3.755v.2(iv A. D.); of a standing crop, ib.1165.2 (ii A. D.). Adv.,

ὀρθῶς ἑστῶτες Arist.PA 689b19

.

b Geom., at right angles to..,

εὐθεῖα πρὸς ἐπίπεδον ὀρθή ἐστιν ὅταν.. Euc.11

Def.3.

c Astrol., ὀρθὰ ζῴδια signs which rise vertically, opp. πλάγια, Doroth. in Cat. Cod. Astr.5 (1). 240.

II in line, straight (opp. σκολιός crooked and πλάγιος aslant), ἀντ' ἠελίου τετραμμένος ὀρθός straight, right opposite the sun, Hes.Op. 727 ;

ὀρθὸν εὐθύνοι βέλος A.Fr. 200

; ποιῶν ὀρθὰ πάντα πρὸς

κανόνα IG7.3073.108

(Lebadea, ii B. C.); ὀ. τρῶμα longitudinal to the muscle, opp. ἐπικάρσιος, Hp.Prorrh.2.15 ;

ὀρθὸς εἰς ὁδὸν πορεύεται S. Aj. 1254

;

εἶμι.. ὀ. ὁδόν Thgn.945

;

ὀ. κέλευθον ἰών Pi.P.11.39

; ὀρθὴν κελεύεις, i. e. ὀρθὴν ὁδόν με ἰέναι κ., Ar.Av.1 ; so ὀρθὴν ἄνω δίωκε (sc. όδόν) Id.Th. 1223 (but ὀρθήν, = εὐθύς, Hyp.Fr. 257); δι' ὀρθῆς τήνδε ναυκληρεῖς πόλιν (sc. ὁδοῦ) S.Ant. 994 ;

εἰς ὀρθὸν τρέχειν Diph.61.5

;

εἰς ὀρθὸν ἀποδοῦναι

to face the front originally held,

Ascl.Tact.10.1

;

κατ' ὀρθὸν εὐδρομεῖν Men.681

; also

ὀρθᾷ χερί

straightway,

Pi.O.10(11).4

; ὀρθῷ ποδί ib.13.72, Fr. 167 ; but τιθέναι ὀρθὸν πόδα is prob. to put the foot out, as in walking, A.Eu. 294 (v.

κατηρεφής 1

), cf. E.Med. 1166.

2 βλέπειν ὀρθά, opp. being blind, S.OT 419 ;

ὀρθὸν ἀνέβλεψε

recovered his sight,

IG 14.966

(Rome, ii A. D.);

ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀ.. κἀξ ὀρθῆς φρενός S.OT 528

; ὀρθοῖς ὄμμασιν ib. 1385 ; v. ὄμμα 1.

III metaph.,

1 right, safe, prosperous:

a partly from signf. 1,

τοὺς δὲ τομαῖς ἔστασεν ὀρθούς

set them up, restored,

Pi.P.3.53

; so ὀρθὸν ἀστάσας (= ἀναστήσας) IG42(1).122.52 (Epid., iv B. C.);

ἐς ὀρθὸν ἱστάναι τινά E.Supp. 1230

;

ὀρθὰν φυλάσσειν Τένεδον Pi.N.11.5

; so

στάντες τ' ἐς ὀρθὸν καὶ πεσόντες ὕστερον S.OT50

, cf. Pl.La. 181b ; ταύτης ἔπι (sc. χθονός) πλέοντες ὀρθῆς (the state being represented as a ship) S. Ant. 190 ;

ἐν ὀρθῷ κεῖσθαι Plb.31.7.1

.

b partly from signf. 11, κατ' ὀρθὸν ἐξελθεῖν, of prophecies, S.OT88, cf. OC 1424; κατ' ὀρθὸν οὐρίσαι to speed in prosperous course, Id.OT 695 (lyr.).

2 right, true, correct, ἄγγελος, ἀγγελία, νόος, Pi.O.6.90, P.4.279, 10.68 ;

μάρτυρες A.Eu. 318

(anap.), etc.;

γλῶσσα S.Fr. 351

;

ὀρθᾷ φρενί Pi.O.8.24

; ὄρθ' ἀκούειν to be rightly, truly called, S.OT 903 (lyr.);

κατὰ τὸ ὀ. δικάζειν Hdt. 1.96

;

ὀ. λόγῳ

strictly speaking, in very truth,

Id.2.17

, 6.68, etc.: so in Adv.,

ὀρθῶς λέγειν Id.1.51

;

ὀ. ἔλεξας S.Ph. 341

;

ὀ. φράσαι A.Ch. 526

;

εἴρηκας ὀ. S.El. 1040

;

ὀ. φρονεῖν A.Pr. 1000

, Archyt.1 (so

εἰς ὀρθὸν φ. S. Fr. 612

);

ὀ. γνῶναι Antipho 2.2.8

; ὀ. ἔχει it is right, c. inf., Pl.Euthphr. 9a ;

ὀ. ἐνδίκως τ' ἐπώνυμον A.Th. 405

, cf. 829 (anap.): in answers, rightly, exactly, Pl.Prt. 359e;

ὀ. γε Diph.32.18

: [comp] Sup.,

ὀρθότατα καλεόμενος Hdt.4.59

; so

τὸ ὀρθὸν ἐξείρηκα S.Tr. 374

; φωνεῖν δίκης ἐς ὀρθόν ib. 347 ;

κατ' ὀρθόν Pl.Ti. 44b

.

3 true, real, genuine, ὀ. πολιτεῖαι, opp. παρεκβάσεις, Arist.Pol. 1279a18, etc.; ὀ. μανία real madness, Ael.NA11.32, cf. Theoc.11.11. Adv. - θῶς really, truly,

τοὺς ὀ. φιλομαθεῖς Pl.Phd. 67b

;

ὁ ὀ. κυβερνήτης Id.R. 341c

;

τὸν ὀ. συγγενῆ Diph. 102

.

4 upright, just,

ἐμμένειν ὀ. νόμῳ S.Aj. 350

(lyr.);

τὸ ὀ.

uprightness,

Pl.R. 540d

; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀ. λόγος (v. λόγος IV. I) Id.Phd. 73a; ὁ ὀ. λόγος διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος (v.

λόγος 111.7

) Chrysipp.Stoic.3.4 ; ὀ. λόγοι virtues on the intellectual side, Phld.Piet.8. Adv.

ὀρθῶς

rightly, justly,

Th.3.56

;

ὀ. καὶ δικαίως Antipho1.10

, IG22.228.14 (iv B. C.), IPE12.32B73 (Olbia, iii B. C.), etc.;

ὀ. καὶ νομίμως Isoc.7.28

.

5 of persons, 'straight', straightforward,

σμικροὶ καὶ οὐκ ὀρθοὶ τὰς ψυχάς Pl. Tht. 173a

.

6 on tiptoe, full of expectation, excited,

ὀρθῆς τῆς πόλεως γενομένης διά τι Isoc.16.7

;

τὴν Ἑλλάδα ὀρθὴν οὖσαν ἐπί τινι Id.5.70

;

ὀ. ἦν ἡ πόλις ἐπὶ τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν Lycurg.39

, cf. Hyp.Fr.39 ;

ὀ. καὶ μετέωροι ταῖς διανοίαις Plb.28.17.11

;

ὀ. καὶ περίφοβος ἦν ἡ πόλις Id.3.112.6

;

ὀ. διὰ τὸν φόβον D.S.16.84

;

ὀ. καὶ δραστήριος διὰ τὸ θαρρεῖν Plu.Phil.12

.

IV ἡ ὀρθή,

1 (sc. ὁδός) v. supr. 11.1.

2 ὀ. γωνία right angle, Pl.Ti. 55b ; so ὀ. alone, Arist.EN 1098a30, al.; cf. ὄρθιος v. 1 : τέμνειν πρὸς ὀρθάς to cut at right angles, Euc.3.3, al.; εἴ τις δείξειεν ὅτι αἱ ὀρθαὶ οὐ συμπίπτουσι.. that right angles do not meet (short for 'that two straight lines making, with a third, interior angles equal to two right angles, etc.'), Arist.AP0.74a13 ; τὸ δυσὶν ὀρθαῖς the theorem that the angles of a triangle are together equal to two right angles, ib.85b5 ; ὀρθὸς κῶνος, κύλινδρος, a right cone, cylinder, Archim.Sph.Cyl.1.26, 1.11.

3 (with or without πτῶσις) nominative, Lat. casus rectus, opp. the oblique cases, D.T. 636.3, Str.14.2.28, A.D.Pron.39.10, al., S.E.M.1.177.

V ὀρθά active verbs, opp. ὕπτια (passive) and οὐδέτερα (neuter), Chrysipp.Stoic.2.59.

VI ὀ. τόνος real or unmodified (cf. supr. 111.3) accent, opp. ἐγκλινόμενος, A.D.Pron.36.10, al.; so ὀρθὴ τάσις ib.54.8, al. (The gloss of Hsch., βορθ-αγορίσκοι, = ὀ., and the dialect forms of Ὀρθεία (q.v.), suggest that the word orig. had ϝ.)

χράομαι (χρή) mid. dep. pres. 2 sg. χρᾶσαι (B-D-F §87), ind. and subj. 3 sg. χρῆται IRo 9:1; 1 Ti 1:8 (B-D-F §88); impf. ἐχρώμην; fut. χρήσομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐχρησάμην; pf. κέχρημαι (Mlt-H. 200) (Hom.+) ‘use’, a common multivalent term.

① make use of, employ

ⓐ w. dat. τινί someth. (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 102 §427f θαλάσσῃ; Wsd 2:6; 13:18; 4 Macc 9:2; GrBar 6:12; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 5 Jac.; Philo, Aet. M. 70; 71; Jos., Bell. 3, 341; Just., A I, 14, 2, D. 57, 2; Tat. 12, 5.—B-D-F §193, 5; Rob. 532f) βοηθείαις ἐχρῶντο Ac 27:17 (s. βοήθεια 2).—1 Cor 7:31 v.l.; 9:12, 15; 1 Ti 5:23 (οἶνος 1); 2 Cl 6:5; Dg 6:5; 12:3 (ᾗ μὴ καθαρῶς χρησάμενοι not using it in purity); ITr 6:1; IPhld 4; Hs 9, 16, 4 (of the use of a seal as PHib 72, 16 [III B.C.]). διαλέκτῳ use a language Dg 5:2. Of law (Trag., Hdt. et al.; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 125) τοῖς νόμοις live in accordance with the laws (Jos., Ant. 16, 27; Ath. 1, 1) Hs 1:3f; cp. 6. ἐάν τις αὐτῷ (=τῷ νόμῳ) νομίμως χρῆται 1 Ti 1:8. προφήταις χρῆσθαι appeal to the prophets AcPlCor 1:10. A dat. is to be supplied w. μᾶλλον χρῆσαι make the most of, take advantage of 1 Cor 7:21, either τῇ δουλείᾳ (so the Peshitta, Chrysostom, Theodoret, and many modern interpreters and translators, among the latter, 20th Century, Goodsp., NRSV; s. also HBellen, Ac 6, ’63, 177–80) or τῇ ἐλευθερίᾳ (so Erasmus, Luther, Calvin, FGodet, Lghtf., Zahn, Moffatt, RSV, NRSV mg., REB); s. μᾶλλον 2a.—If μ. χ. is construed without an implied dat., the phrase can be understood in the sense be all the more useful, work all the harder (cp. Vi. Aesopi G 17 P. on the theme of dedication to a task) i.e. as a freedperson be as industrious as a slave. (On this subj.: TZahn, Sklaverei u. Christentum in d. alten Welt [1879]: Skizzen aus dem Leben d. alten Kirche² 1898, 116–59; EvDobschütz, Sklaverei u. Christent.: RE³ XVIII 423–33; XXIV 521; JvWalter, Die Sklaverei im NT 1914; FKiefl, Die Theorien des modernen Sozialismus über den Ursprung d. Christentums, Zugleich ein Komm. zu 1 Cor 7:21, 1915, esp. p. 56–109; JWeiss, Das Urchristentum 1917, 456–60; ASteinmann, Zur Geschichte der Auslegung v. 1 Cor 7:21: ThRev 16, 1918, 341–48; AJuncker, D. Ethik des Ap. Pls II 1919, 175–81; JKoopmans, De Servitute Antiqua et Rel. Christ., diss. Amsterdam 1920, 119ff; ELohmeyer, Soz. Fragen im Urchrist. 1921; FGrosheide, Exegetica [1 Cor 7:21]: GereformTT 24, 1924, 298–302; HGreeven [s.v. πλοῦτος 1]; MEnslin, The Ethics of Paul 1930, 205–10; WWestermann, Enslaved Persons Who Are Free, AJP 59, ’38, 1–30; HGülzow, Christent. u. Sklaverei [to 300 A.D.], ’69, 177–81; SBartchy, MALLON CHRESAI, ’73=SBLDS 11, ’85; TWiedmann, Greek and Roman Slavery ’81; COsiek, Slavery in the Second Testament World: BTB 22, ’92, 174–79 [lit.]; JHarril, The Manumission of Slaves in Early Christianity ’95, esp. 68–128. On slavery in antiquity gener.: WWestermann, Pauly-W. Suppl. VI ’35, 894–1068, The Slave Systems of Gk. and Rom. Antiquity, ’55; WKristensen, De antieke opvatting van dienstbaarheid ’34; MPohlenz, D. hellen. Mensch ’47, 387–96; Kl. Pauly V 230–34; BHHW III 1814f; MFinley, Slavery in Classical Antiquity ’60; KBradley, The Problem of Slavery in Classical Culture: ClPh 92, ’97, 273–82 [lit.]; PGarnsey, Ideas of Slavery from Aristotle to Augustine ’96.) τινὶ εἴς τι use someth. for someth. (Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 33, 14; Simplicius In Epict. p. 27, 52 Düb.; cp. Tat. 17, 4 πρὸς τὸ κακοποιεῖν) Hv 3, 2, 8. σὺ αὐτὸς χρᾶσαι ἐκ τῶν αὐτῶν λίθων you yourself function as one from these same stones 3, 6, 7 (s. app. in Whittaker and Joly; for lit. s. Leutzsch, Hermas 418 n. 355).—W. a double dat. (Trag. et al.) σχοινίῳ χρώμενοι τῷ πνεύματι using as a rope the Holy Spirit IEph 9:1. W. double dat. of pers. (Jos., C. Ap. 1, 227; Just., D. 7, 1; Tat. 36, 1; Ath. 32, 1) of the Syrian ἐκκλησία, which ποιμένι τῷ θεῷ χρῆται resorts to God as shepherd IRo 9:1.

ⓑ w. acc. (X., Ages. 11, 11; Ps.-Aristot., Oecon. 2, 22, 1350a, 7 χρ. τὰ τέλη εἰς διοίκησιν τῆς πόλεως; Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 162 D.; SIG 1170, 27 ἄνηθον μετʼ ἐλαίου χρ.; PTebt 273, 28 ὕδωρ χρ.; Wsd 7:14 v.l.; 2 Macc 4:19.—B-D-F §152, 4; Rob. 476) τὸν κόσμον 1 Cor 7:31 (cp. Simplicius In Epict. p. 29, 30 Düb. τὸ τοῖς μὴ ἐφʼ ἡμῖν ὡς ἐφʼ ἡμῖν οὖσι κεχρῆσθαι=to use that which is not in our power as if it were in our power; s. also MDibelius, Urchristentum u. Kultur 1928).

② act, proceed (Hdt. et al.; POxy 474, 38 et al.) w. dat. of characteristic shown (Aelian, VH 2, 15; Jos., Ant. 10, 25; Just., D. 79, 2; Tat. 40, 1; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13) τῇ ἐλαφρίᾳ 2 Cor 1:17. πολλῇ παρρησίᾳ 3:12. ὑποταγῇ 1 Cl 37:5.—W. adv. (PMagd 6, 12 [III B.C.] et al.) ἀποτόμως 2 Cor 13:10.

③ treat a person in a certain way, w. dat. of pers. and an adv. (X., Mem. 1, 2, 48 φίλοις καλῶς χρ.; OGI 51, 8 [III B.C.] τοῖς τεχνίταις φιλανθρώπως χρῆται; PPetr III, 115, 8 [III B.C.] πικρῶς σοι ἐχρήσατο; POxy 745, 6; Esth 2:9; TestJob 20:3 ὡς ἐβούλετο; Jos., Ant. 2, 315, C. Ap. 1, 153 φιλανθρώπως; Just., A I, 27, 1 αἰσχρῶς) φιλανθρώπως ὁ Ἱούλιος τῷ Παύλῳ χρησάμενος; cp. Hs 5, 2, 10.—DELG s.v. χράομαι p. 1274. M-M. EDNT.

ἐάν (Hom.+) fundamentally introduces a situation in which given X, Y will follow (B-D-F §31, 1; 107; 371, 4; 372, 1a; 373; Mlt. and Rob., indices)

① as conj., marker of condition, with probability of activity expressed in the verb left open and thereby suited esp. for generalized statements, if (only rarely [1 Cor 6:4; 11:14, as e.g. Lucian, Vit. Auct. 11 καὶ ἰδιώτης γὰρ ἐὰν ᾖς] anywhere else than at the beg. of the subordinate clause).

ⓐ used w. subjunctive to denote what is expected to occur, under certain circumstances, from a given standpoint in the present, either general or specific (B-D-F. §371, 4; Mlt-Turner 114f)

α. w. pres. subj., and pres. in apodosis: ἐὰν θέλῃς δύνασαί με καθαρίσαι Mt 8:2; Mk 1:40; Lk 5:12. ἐὰν ἀγαθοποιῆτε, ποία ὑμῖν χάρις ἐστίν; 6:33. ἐὰν μαρτυρῶ, ἡ μαρτυρία μου οὐκ ἔστιν ἀληθής J 5:31 (but s. bβ below) cp. 8:16; 15:14. περιτομὴ ὠφελεῖ ἐὰν νόμον πράσσῃς Ro 2:25; cp. 13:4; 14:8; 1 Cor 13:1ff al. W. pres. subj., and aorist in apodosis: ἐὰν ὁ ποῦς σου σκανδαλίζῃ σε, ἀπόκοψον Mk 9:45; cp. vs. 47; w. fut. in apod.: ἐὰν ᾖ …, ἐπαναπαήσεται Lk 10:6; ἐὰν ὁδηγῇ, πεσοῦνται Mt 15:14.

β. mostly w. aor. subj., and pres. in apodosis: ἐὰν ἀγαπήσητε, τίνα μισθὸν ἔχετε; Mt 5:46, cp. 47; 18:15ff. ἐὰν μερισθῇ, οὐ δύναται σταθῆναι Mk 3:24. ἐὰν γαμήσῃ, μοιχᾶται 10:12. ἐὰν ἀπολέσῃ, οὐχὶ ἅπτει; Lk 15:8. ἐὰν μείνητε, μαθηταί μού ἐστε J 8:31; cp. 19:12. ἐὰν χωρισθῇ, μενέτω 1 Cor 7:11; cp. vs. 39. ἐὰν φάγωμεν, περισσεύομεν 8:8. W. aor. subj., and aor. in apodosis ἐὰν εἴπωσιν, μὴ ἐξέλθητε Mt 24:26. ἐὰν ἁμάρτῃ, ἐπιτίμησον … ἐὰν μετανοήσῃ, ἄφες Lk 17:3; ἐὰν εἴπω, οὐ μὴ πιστεύσητε 22:67; cp. vs. 68. W. aor. subj., and fut. in apod. (cp. Aesop, Fab. 408b H./250 I, H-H.): ἐὰν ἀφῆτε, ἀφήσει καὶ ὑμῖν Mt 6:14. ἐὰν ἅψωμαι, σωθήσομαι 9:21. ἐὰν ἐμπέσῃ, οὐχὶ κρατήσει; 12:11; cp. 24:48, 50; 28:14; Mk 8:3; Lk 4:7; 14:34; J 15:10 al. (w. aor. opt. in apodosis Just., A II, 15, 2).

γ. w. pres. and aor. subj. at the same time: ἐὰν δὲ καὶ ἀθλῇ τις ( is an athlete by profession), οὐ στεφανοῦται, ἐὰν μὴ νομίμως ἀθλήσῃ (competes acc. to the rules single or repeated action) 2 Ti 2:5.—1 Cor 14:23: ἐὰν συνέλθῃ (antecedent action) καὶ λαλῶσιν (repeated and lasting), εἰσέλθωσιν δέ (once); cp. vs. 24. ἐὰν ἔχητε πίστιν καὶ μὴ διακριθῆτε Mt 21:21.

ⓑ used w. the indic. (exx. in Dssm., NB 29f [BS 201f]; B-D-F §372, 1a; Mlt. 168; Mlt-Turner 115f; Rdm.² 200; Rob. 1009f).

α. w. fut. ind., in the same mng. (CIG II, 2485 ἐὰν θελήσει; pap; TestReub 4:11; TestJob 4:4 ἐὰν ἐπιχειρήσεις; B-D-F §373, 2): ἐὰν οὗτοι σιωπήσουσιν, οἱ λίθοι κράξουσιν Lk 19:40 (vv.ll. σιγήσουσιν, σιωπήσωσιν). ἐὰν μή τις ὁδηγήσει με Ac 8:31 (v.l. ὁδηγήσῃ). ἐὰν ἡμᾶς μιμήσεται …, οὐκ ἔτι ἐσμέν IMg 10:1; ἐὰν μετανοήσουσιν Hv 1, 3, 2; ἐὰν προσθήσω m 4, 3, 7; ἐὰν ἔσῃ m 5, 1, 2.

β. w. pres. ind. (Ocellus [II B.C.] 5; Cyril of Scyth. p. 145, 5 ἐὰν ἔστιν; CIG II, 2485 ἐὰν βούλονται; TestJud 15:2 v.l.; Just., D. 47, 1 and 3; 67, 2) ἐὰν στήκετε ἐν κυρίῳ 1 Th 3:8 (v.l. στήκητε); IMg 5:2; Hv 3, 12, 3; ἐὰν οἴδαμεν 1J 5:15 (on this and J 5:31 [s. aα above] s. B-D-F §372, 1=B-D-R §373, 3n. 12) ἐὰν πάσχομεν Pol. 8:2.

γ. w. aor. ind. In Mt 15:5=Mk 7:11, N²⁴ accents ὠφελήθης instead of ὠφεληθῇς (N.), giving us an example of ἐάν w. aor. ind., strongly supported by B-D-F §360, 1. This constr. is rare but occasionally found in the late κοινή (Rob. 1009).

ⓒ w. other particles

α. ἐὰν καί even if Gal 6:1; likew. ἐὰν δὲ καί (POxy 472 II, 7) but if 1 Cor 7:11, 28; 2 Ti 2:5. ἐὰν δὲ καὶ παρακούσῃ but if the pers. refuses to listen Mt 18:17.

β. ἐὰν μή if not, unless w. pres. subj. ἐὰν δὲ μὴ ᾖ ἀξία Mt 10:13; cp. Lk 13:3; J 3:2f, 5, 27. Mostly w. aor. subj. ἐὰν μὴ περισσεύσῃ Mt 5:20; 6:15; 12:29; 18:3; 21:21; Mk 3:27; 4:22 (s. KBeyer, Semitische Syntax im NT, ’62, 131); J 4:48; 6:44; 7:51; Ro 10:15; 1 Cor 9:16; 14:6; unless, without ἐὰν μὴ αὐτὸ πίω Mt 26:42. W. fut. ἐὰν μὴ μετανοήσουσιν Rv 2:22.

γ. ἐάνπερ if indeed, if only, supposing that ‘referring to still another condition (fact)’ (B-D-F §454, 2) w. pres. subj. (Pla., Ap. 12, 25b; X., Cyr. 4, 6, 8; PFay 124, 9) Hb 6:3; IRo 1:1 and aor. (Plut., Lyc. 40 [3, 2]; BGU 1141, 30) 1:2; IPol 7:1; Hb 3:6, 14 (v.l. ἐάν).

δ. ἐάν τε … ἐάν τε whether … or whether (X., Cyr. 3, 3, 17, Mem. 2, 4, 6; Ael. Aristid. 53 p. 622 D.; Maximus Tyr. 1, 9a) Ro 14:8. (On the single occurrence ἐάν τε 2 Cor 10:8 s. Rad² 5.)

ε. ἐὰν οὖν s. οὖν 2d. Also s. κἄν.

② as conj., marker of the prospect of an action in a point of time coordinated with another point of time. Thus at times the mng. of ἐάν approaches closely that of ὅταν whenever, when (Is 24:13; Am 7:2; Tob 6:17 BA ἐὰν εἰσέλθῃς, cp. S ὅταν εἰς.; 4:3 BA, cp. vs. 4) 1J 2:28 (v.l. ὅταν); J 12:32 (v.l. ὅταν) 14:3; Hb 3:7 (Ps 94:7).

③ marker of the possibility of any number of occurrences of the same event, ever freq. in place of ἄν (q.v.) after relatives (so Lysias 24, 18 Thalh. v.l. acc. to mss.; pap since 246 B.C. [Mayser 152f]; LXX [Thackeray 67]; Mel., P. 35, 236 πάντα ὅσα ἐὰν γείνηται.—Dssm., NB 29f [BS 201f]; Mlt. 42f; B-D-F §107; Rdm.² 203f; Crönert 130f; Rob. 190f; acc. to Rydbeck most freq. in I–II A.D., esp. in vernacular texts) ὸ̔ς ἐάν = ὸ̔ς ἄν (PTebt107, 8 [II B.C.]; Gen 15:14) [b]Mt 5:19, 32; 1 Cl 32:1. ὅπου ἐάν = ὅπου ἄν Mt 8:19. ὁσάκις ἐάν = ὁσάκις ἄν Rv 11:6. οὗ ἐάν = οὗ ἄν 1 Cor 16:6.—Rydbeck 119–44. DELG. M-M.