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1 ALTHOUGH
(or "nothwithstanding") – Christopher Gilson argues that the word ómu occurring in an untranslated "Qenya" text could have this meaning (PE15:32, 37). If this interpretation is regarded as too uncertain, the idea expressed by phrases involving "(al)though" may be rephrased using ananta "and yet" (e.g. "although the house is small, we love it" > *i coa pitya ná, ananta melilmes = "the house is small, and yet we love it"). -
2 BURN
usta- (transitive, e.g. *Fëanáro usta i ciryar "Fëanor burns the ships"), urya- (intransitive, e.g. *i ciryar uryar "the ships burn/are burning"). The form usta- reflects the stem USU occurring in early material (QL:98), but since Tolkien changed the relevant stem to UR later, we should perhaps read *urta- for usta-. –LT1:271, QL:98, cf. the original entry UR "be hot" in Etym -
3 DEBT
\#rohta (attested in pl. form rohtar). Used in draft version of Tolkien's Quenya Lord's prayer, this word may refer to moral rather than financial "debt"; it may also cover "trespass". This is probably also true of variant words for "debt" occurring in other versions: \#lucassë, \#lucië, \#luhta (all are attested with the ending -mmar to express "our debts/trespasses"). –VT43:19 -
4 FLING
hat- (cited as hatin “I fling”, first person sg. aorist), pa.t. hantë (QL:39; compare the root KHAT “hurl”, LR:363). The apparently related noun hatal “spear” occurring in late material (VT49:14) suggests that Tolkien eventually decided to maintain this word, though in the meantime, a distinct verb hat- “break asunder” had occurred in his writings. -
5 KINGDOM
\#aranië (attested with the suffix –lya "thy" added). Earlier versions of the text in question had other forms: \#turinasta, \#turindië (both also occurring with a long ú). –VT43:12, 15 -
6 LAND
nórë (dwelling-place, race, country, region where certain people live, nation, native land, family), nór (meaning '"'land' as opposed to water or sea", WJ:413). In compounds \#-ndor (when the first part of the compound end in a vowel, e.g. Valandor "Vala-land", alternative form of Valinor), or –nor, –dor (the latter can only occur when the first part of the compound ends in –l, –r, or –n; in other combinations d cannot occur in Noldorin Quenya). Another ending occurring in the names of lands is -sta (see VT43:15). Cf. also lóna (remote land difficult to reach, island. Note: a homophone means "dark"); WESTLAND Númenor, Númenórë (Westernesse); LAND OF GIFT (a name of Númenor) Andor (< *Annandor, see GIFT), LAND OF THE WEST Númendor, LAND OF THE VALAR Valinor, Valinórë. –NDOR/NŌ/Silm:430/ WJ:413, LONO, Silm:414, 313, 430, VT49:26 -
7 LETTER
tengwa (pl. tengwar is attested; this word was used primarily of the Fëanorian letters. However, the term "Tengwar of Rúmil" occurring in LotR:1151 seems to indicate that the word tengwa can indeed be used of a letter of any kind, not only the Fëanorian letters. In non-technical use tengwa may also be translated "consonant" [q.v.]. It is uncertain whether tengwa "letter" can be used in the sense mail, text sent in the post; the primary meaning is clearly "character, a single symbol in writing".) The noun tengwa is also the source of the verb tengwa- “read”. – Another word for “letter” is sarat (pl. sarati is attested) – an older [MET] word Tolkien notes was used of "a 'letter' or any individual significant mark", used of the Rúmilian letters after the invention of the Fëanorian Tengwar (but cf. the term "Tengwar of Rúmil" mentioned above). –TEK, WJ:396, VT49:48, LotR:1151 -
8 MIST
hísië (Þ), hísë (Þ) (stem hísi-) (fog. Note: a homophone means "dusk". For "mist" writers may prefer hísië, the form occurring in LotR.) –Nam/RGEO:67, KHIS -
9 THEN
tá (VT49:11); the “Qenya” form san occurring in early material (MC:216) rather looks like the dative form of sa “it” in Tolkien’s later versions of the language. Another word glossed “then”, tai, is used for “they, them” elsewhere (VT49:33). -
10 THUS
sië; cf. also sinen “by this means, so”. The word sin, occurring in the untranslated sentence sin quentë Quendingoldo, has also been interpreted as “thus” (*“thus spoke Quendingoldo/Pengolodh”). –VT49:18, PM:401 -
11 WARRIOR
ohtatyaro, ohtar, \#mehtar (isolated from Telumehtar "Orion, warrior of the sky", a word occurring in LotR. Etym gives mahtar "warrior" under MAK, but Telumehtar not **Telumahtar under TEL). LT1:268 also has mordo "warrior, hero", but in Tolkien's later Quenya mordo means "obscurity, shadow, stain, smear, dimness". –KYAR (see KAR), UT:458, LotR:1146, MAK, TEL -
12 WING
ráma (Pl. rámar and plural instrumental form rámainen are attested. The form \#rámë, occurring in the ship-name Eärrámë "Sea-Wing", evidently has a feminine ending.)
См. также в других словарях:
occurring — index current Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
Occurring — Occur Oc*cur , v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Occurred}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Occurring}.] [L. occurrere, occursum; ob (see {Ob }) + currere to run. See {Course}.] 1. To meet; to clash. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] The resistance of the bodies they occur with.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
occurring — 1. noun The action of the verb to occur. 2. adjective That occurs in a specified manner. naturally occurring macromolecules … Wiktionary
occurring after death — index posthumous Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring again — index periodic Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring at the same time — index concurrent (at the same time) Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring by chance — index fortuitous Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring in an instant — index instantaneous Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring simultaneously — index coincidental Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring together — index coincidental Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
occurring — oc·cur || É™ kÉœr /É™ kÉœË v. happen, take place, transpire; come to mind, suggest itself … English contemporary dictionary
