(in+egyptian+history)

to go out of fashion

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(v.) = drop out of + vogue, go out of + fashion, go out of + favour, go out of + date, go out of + vogue, fall out of + vogue, go out of + style, pass away, obsolesce, drop out of + circulation

Ex. As a word drops out of vogue, the concept that it represents will, with time, gradually be described by a new term.

Ex. Sawn-in cords, giving flat spines, were common in the mid seventeenth century, but then went out of fashion until they were reintroduced in about 1760.

Ex. The author follows the history through to the point, in the latter part of the nineteenth century, when mirror-image monograms went out of favour and were replaced by straightforward monograms.

Ex. Information in the humanities does not readily go out of date.

Ex. The name 'Canaan', never very popular, went out of vogue with the collapse of the Egyptian empire.

Ex. He points out that these metaphors fell out of vogue in the early 1980s.

Ex. While Gothic never went out of style in Britain, the Baroque came to be associated with the classical debased by the Industrial Revolution.

Ex. These tools are useable for analytical studies of how technologies emerge, mature and pass away.

Ex. The entire hardware of Western industrialism has been obsolesced and 'etherealized' by the new surround of electronic information services.

Ex. Many songs that were once well-known but dropped out of circulation during the mid-20th century have become well known again in recent years.

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X вынес Y за скобки - X took Y out of context

• ВЫНОСИТЬ/ВЫНЕСТИ ЗА СКОБКИ что lit

[VP; subj: human]

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⇒ to separate a certain question, problem, occurrence etc from the context in which it belongs:

- X вынес Y за скобки≈ X took Y out of context;

- X isolated Y;

- [in limited contexts] Y was torn from < out of> (its) context.

     ♦ "Тезис личной судьбы - вот что ты не хочешь учесть в своих рассуждениях. На протяжении всех культур - греческой, египетской, европейской - он казался вынесенным за скобки, свободным от законов истории" (Каверин 2). "The thesis of personal destiny - that's what you leave out of account in your deliberations. In the course of every culture-Greek, Egyptian, European, it appears to have been torn out of its context and has not been subject to the laws of history" (2a).

• ВЫНОСИТЬ/ВЫНЕСТИ ЗА СКОБКИ что lit

[VP; subj: human]

=====

⇒ to separate a certain question, problem, occurrence etc from the context in which it belongs:

- X вынес Y за скобки≈ X took Y out of context;

- X isolated Y;

- [in limited contexts] Y was torn from < out of> (its) context.

     ♦ "Тезис личной судьбы - вот что ты не хочешь учесть в своих рассуждениях. На протяжении всех культур - греческой, египетской, европейской - он казался вынесенным за скобки, свободным от законов истории" (Каверин 2). "The thesis of personal destiny - that's what you leave out of account in your deliberations. In the course of every culture-Greek, Egyptian, European, it appears to have been torn out of its context and has not been subject to the laws of history" (2a).

livre¹ [livʀ]

• livre de géographie geography book

• il a toujours le nez dans les livres he's always got his nose in a book

► livre audio audio book

► livre animé or pop-up pop-up book

► livre de bord logbook

► livre de chevet bedside book

► livre de classe schoolbook

► livre de cuisine cookbook

► livre électronique e-book

► livre d'enfant children's book

► livre d'images picture book

► livre de lecture reading book

► livre d'or visitors' book

► livre de poche paperback

livre² [livʀ]

   a. ( = poids) half a kilo ; (Canadian) pound

   b. ( = monnaie) pound

• livre sterling pound sterling

• ça coûte 6 livres it costs £6

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nom masculin

1) ( volume publié) book

2) ( registre) book; ( de comptabilité) (account) book, ledger

3) ( tome) book

4) ( industrie)

•

- livre blanc

- livre de bord

- livre de caisse

- livre électronique

- livre de l'élève

- livre de lecture

- livre du maître

- livre de messe

- livre d'or

- livre de poche

- livre scolaire

1) ( monnaie) pound

2) ( unité de masse) ( demi-kilo) half a kilo; ( anglo-saxonne) pound

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1. nm

1) (= roman, document) book

2) (= imprimerie, édition)

2. nf

1) (= poids) pound

2) (= monnaie) pound

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livre

A nm

1 ( volume publié) book; livre d'images/d'art picture/art book; livre pour enfants children's book; ne connaître qch que par les livres only to know about sth from books; à livre ouvert [traduire] off the cuff; religions du livre Bible-based religions; c'est mon livre de chevet lit it's my bedside reading; fig it's my bible;

2 ( registre) book; Compta (account) book, ledger;

3 ( volume) book; un ouvrage en 12 livres a work in 12 books;

4 ( industrie) l'industrie du livre the book industry ou trade GB; les métiers du livre trades within the book industry.

B nf

1 ⇒ L'argent et les monnaies ( monnaie) pound; livre sterling pound sterling; livre irlandaise Irish pound, punt;

2 ⇒ Le poids ( unité de masse) ( demi-kilo) half a kilo; ( anglo-saxonne) pound.

livre audio audiobook; livre blanc blue book; livre de bord logbook; livre de caisse cash book; livre de classe = livre scolaire; livre de comptes accounts book; livre de cuisine cookery book, cookbook; livre électronique e-book; livre de l'élève pupil's workbook; livre d'heures Book of Hours; livre de lecture reading book, reader; livre du maître teacher's book; livre de messe missal, mass book; livre d'or visitors' book; livre de poche® paperback; livre scolaire schoolbook, textbook; livre à succès bestseller.

parler comme un livre to talk like a book; cela c'est passé comme dans les livres it was like something out of a book.

[livr] nom masculin

1. [œuvre, partie d'une œuvre] book

2. [l'édition]

3. [registre]

4. POLITIQUE

livre blanc white paper

————————

[livr] nom féminin

1. [unité de poids] half a kilo ≃ pound

2. FINANCE pound

3. HISTOIRE livre

à livre ouvert locution adverbiale

at sight

(1509)

   One of the more decisive battles in world maritime history, it ended for 100 years real threats to Portugal's command of the Indian Ocean and helped establish naval hegemony in the Indian Ocean. Portugal's first viceroy in Portuguese India, Francisco de Almeida, sailed his fleet into Diu harbor and engaged an Egyptian and Gujerati fleet. On 2 February 1509, Almeida's fleet and soldiers destroyed the Muslim fleet. After the battle, the Muslim powers were unable to challenge Portugal's maritime strength for a considerable period. Not long afterward, Portugal added Diu to its port conquests, and that enclave in India remained a possession of Portugal until the invasion of Nehru's Indian army in December 1961.

SUBJECT AREA: Domestic appliances and interiors

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After learning the potter's trade in his father's works, Spode set up in business on his own. He especially favoured blue-printed ware, in particular willow-pattern. He also improved the jasper, Egyptian black and cream ware that were produced by a number of potters at the time. He employed William Copeland, a traveller in the trade, to market his products and together they established a base in London. He later took Copeland into partnership to manage the London end of the business. In 1800 Spode began to make porcelain and introduced bone ash and feldspar into the paste, increasing the transparency of the ware; it came to be known as that most characteristically English of ware, bone china. In 1805 he introduced an opaque ware under the name of ironstone, much of which was exported to France, where it supplanted faience ware.

The Prince of Wales visited Spode's pottery in 1806 and he was appointed a potter to the King. In 1812 Spode installed a steam-engine in his works and effected many other improvements. Spode was called "the most successful china manufacturer of his time"; this seems fair, for he won both fame and fortune.

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SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

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Wenham trained as a marine engineer and later specialized in screw propellers and high-pressure engines. He had many interests. He took his steamboat to the Nile and assisted the photographer F.Frith to photograph Egyptian tombs by devising a series of mirrors to deflect sunlight into the dark recesses. He experimented with gas engines and produced a hot-air engine. Wenham was a leading, if controversial, figure in the Microscopical Society and a member of the Royal Photographic Society; he developed an enlarger.

Wenham was interested in both mechanical and lighter-than-air flight. One of his friends was James Glaisher, a well-known balloonist who made many ascents to gather scientific information. When the (Royal) Aeronautical Society of Great Britain was founded in 1866, the Rules were drawn up by Wenham, Glaisher and the Honorary Secretary, F.W.Brearey. At the first meeting of the Society, on 27 June 1866, "On aerial locomotion and the laws by which heavy bodies impelled through the air are sustained" was read by Wenham. In his paper Wenham described his experiments with a whirling arm (used earlier by Cayley) to measure lift and drag on flat surfaces inclined at various angles of incidence. His studies of birds' wings and, in particular, their wing loading, showed that they derived most of their lift from the front portion, hence a long, thin wing was better than a short, wide one. He published illustrations of his glider designs covering his experiments of c. 1858–9. One of these had five slender wings one above the other, an idea later developed by Horatio Phillips. Wenham had some success with a model, but no real success with his full-size gliders.

In 1871, Wenham and John Browning constructed the first wind tunnel designed for aeronautical research. It utilized a fan driven by a steam engine to propel the air and had a working section of 18 in. (116 cm). Wenham continued to play an important role in aeronautical matters for many years, including a lengthy exchange of ideas with Octave Chanute from 1892 onwards.

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παρθένος, ου, ἡ (s. prec. entry; Hom.+, gener. of a young woman of marriageable age, w. or without focus on virginity; s. esp. PKöln VI, 245, 12 and ASP 31, ’91 p. 39) and ὁ (s. reff. in b) in our lit. one who has never engaged in sexual intercourse, virgin, chaste person

ⓐ female of marriageable age w. focus on virginity ἡ παρθένος Mt 25:1, 7, 11; 1 Cor 7:25 (FStrobel, NovT 2, ’58, 199–227), 28, 34; Pol 5:3; Hv 4, 2, 1; Hs 9, 1, 2; 9, 2, 3; 5; 9, 3, 2; 4f; 9, 4, 3; 5f; 8 al.; AcPl Ox 6, 16 (cp. Aa I 241, 15); GJs 13:1. After Is 7:14 (הָעַלְמָה הָרָה; on this ASchulz, BZ 23, ’35, 229–41; WBrownlee, The Mng. of Qumran for the Bible, esp. Is, ’64, 274–81) Mt 1:23 (cp. Menand., Sicyonius 372f παρθένος γʼ ἔτι, ἄπειρος ἀνδρός). Of Mary also Lk 1:27ab; GJs 9:1; 10:1; 15:2; 16:1; 19:3; ISm 1:1 and prob. Dg 12:8 (the idea that the spirit of a god could father a child by a woman, specifically a virgin, was not foreign to Egyptian religion: Plut. Numa 62 [4, 6], Mor. 718ab; Philo, Cher. 43–50 [on this ENorden, D. Geburt des Kindes 78–90; ELeach, Genesis as Myth, and Other Essays ’69, 85–112; RBrown, The Virginal Conception and Bodily Resurrection of Jesus ’73, 62, esp. n. 104; idem, The Birth of the Messiah ’77, 522f, esp. n. 17]. S. further the lit. on Ἰωσήφ 4 and OBardenhewer, Mariä Verkündigung 1905; EPetersen, Die wunderbare Geburt des Heilandes 1909; HUsener, Das Weihnachtsfest² 1911; ASteinmann, D. jungfräul. Geburt des Herrn³ 1926, D. Jungfrauengeburt u. die vergl. Religionsgeschichte 1919; GBox, The Virgin Birth of Jesus 1916; OCrain, The Credibility of the Virgin Birth 1925; JMachen, The Virgin Birth of Christ² ’32 [on this FKattenbusch, StKr 102, 1930, 454–74]; EWorcester, Studies in the Birth of Our Lord ’32; KSchmidt, D. jungfrl. Geb. J. Chr.: ThBl 14, ’35, 289–97; FSteinmetzer, Empfangen v. Hl. Geist ’38; RBratcher, Bible Translator 9, ’58, 98–125 [Heb., LXX, Mt]; TBoslooper, The Virg. Birth ’62; HvCampenhausen, D. Jungfrauengeburt in d. Theol. d. alten Kirche ’62; JMeier, A Marginal Jew I, ’91, 205–52 [lit.].—RCooke, Did Paul Know the Virg. Birth? 1927; PBotz, D. Jungfrausch. Mariens im NT u. in der nachap. Zeit, diss. Tüb. ’34; DEdwards, The Virg. Birth in History and Faith ’43.—Clemen² 114–21; ENorden, D. Geburt des Kindes² ’31; MDibelius, Jungfrauensohn u. Krippenkind ’32; HMerklein, Studien zu Jesus und Paulus [WUNT 105] ’98; in gener., RBrown, The Birth of the Messiah ’77, 133–63, esp. 147–49. As a contrast to Dibelius’ Hellenistic emphasis s. OMichel and OBetz, Beih., ZNW 26, ’60, 3–23, on Qumran parallels.). Of the daughters of Philip παρθένοι προφητεύουσαι Ac 21:9. Of virgins who were admitted to the church office of ‘widows’ ISm 13:1 (s. AJülicher, PM 22, 1918, 111f. Differently LZscharnack, Der Dienst der Frau 1902, 105 ff).—On 1 Cor 7:36–38 s. γαμίζω 1 and s. also PKetter, Trierer Theol. Ztschr. 56, ’47, 175–82 (παρθ. often means [virgin] daughter: Apollon. Rhod. 3, 86 παρθ. Αἰήτεω and the scholion on this has the following note: παρθένον ἀντὶ τοῦ θυγατέρα; Lycophron vss. 1141, 1175; Diod S 8, 6, 2; 16, 55, 3; 20, 84, 3 [pl. beside υἱοί]. Likewise Theod. Prodr. 1, 293 H. τὴν σὴν παρθένον=‘your virgin daughter’; in 3, 332 τ. ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον refers to one’s ‘sweetheart’; likew. 6, 466, as well as the fact that παρθ. can mean simply ‘girl’ [e.g. Paus. 8, 20, 4]). On Jewish gravestones ‘of age, but not yet married’ CIJ I, 117. RSeeboldt, Spiritual Marriage in the Early Church, CTM 30, ’59, 103–19; 176–86.—In imagery: the Corinthian congregation as παρθένος ἁγνή (ἁγνός a) 2 Cor 11:2 (on this subj. s. FConybeare, Die jungfräul. Kirche u. die jungfräul. Mutter: ARW 8, 1905, 373ff; 9, 1906, 73ff; Cumont³ 283, 33).—ἡ τοιαύτη παρθένος AcPl Ox 6, 15f (of Thecla; cp. Aa I 241, 15 ἡ τοιαύτη αἰδὼς τῆς παρθένου).

ⓑ male virgin ὁ παρθένος virgin, chaste man (CIG IV, 8784b; JosAs 8:1 uses π. of Joseph; Pel.-Leg. 27, 1 uses it of Abel; Suda of Abel and Melchizedek; Nonnus of the apostle John, who is also called ‘virgo’ in the Monarchian Prologues [Kl. T. 1² 1908, p. 13, 13]) Rv 14:4 (on topical relation to 1 En 15:2–7 al., s. DOlson, CBQ 59, ’97, 492–510).—JFord, The Mng. of ‘Virgin’, NTS 12, ’66, 293–99.—B. 90. New Docs 4, 224–27. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. Sv.