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(concerning+the+law)

  • 121 funcionalismo

    m.
    functionalism.
    * * *
    1 functionalism
    * * *
    * * *
    Ex. He was an social anthropologist associated with what has become known as functionalism, in which he put forward the idea that questions concerning the origins, stages and law of development in culture are subordinate or secondary to discernment of functions.
    * * *

    Ex: He was an social anthropologist associated with what has become known as functionalism, in which he put forward the idea that questions concerning the origins, stages and law of development in culture are subordinate or secondary to discernment of functions.

    * * *
    functionalism
    * * *
    functionalism

    Spanish-English dictionary > funcionalismo

  • 122 öffentlich

    I Adj.
    1. allg. public; öffentliche Bekanntmachung public announcement; in öffentlicher Sitzung in open session; es war ihr erster öffentlicher Auftritt it was her first public appearance; das öffentliche Wohl the public good; die öffentliche Meinung public opinion; öffentliches Recht public law; Missstände etc. öffentlich machen bring abuses etc. to the public’s attention; öffentliche Versteigerung sale by public auction; öffentliche Toilette public toilet (Am. rest room); der Vortrag ist öffentlich the lecture is open to the public; Ärgernis, Interesse, Leben 6, Ordnung etc.
    2. (kommunal) local authority...; (staatlich) state...; öffentliche Anleihen government securities; öffentliche Schulen state schools, Am. public schools; öffentliche Versorgungsbetriebe public utilities; öffentlicher Dienst public sector; (Beamtentum) civil service; ein Angestellter des öffentlichen Dienstes a public-sector employee; (Beamte) a civil servant; die öffentliche Hand the (state) authorities; von der öffentlichen Hand finanziert state-funded, paid for out of public funds; Müllbeseitigung ist eine öffentliche Aufgabe waste disposal is the responsibility of the local authority ( oder is a public service)
    II Adv. publicly, in public; JUR. in open session; öffentlich abstimmen / tagen have an open vote / meet in open session; öffentlich bekannt machen make public, announce publicly; etw. öffentlich erklären state s.th. in public; Missstände öffentlich anprangern launch a public attack on abuses
    * * *
    publicly (Adv.); in public (Adv.); common (Adj.); public (Adj.)
    * * *
    ọ̈f|fent|lich
    1. adj
    1) (= allgemein zugänglich, sichtbar) (attr) public; (pred) open to the public, public

    eine Persönlichkeit des öffentlichen Lebens — a person in public life or in the public eye

    im öffentlichen Leben stehen —

    ein öffentliches Haus (euph) — a house of ill repute (euph)

    2) attr (= die Allgemeinheit betreffend) Wohl, Interesse public

    die öffentliche Meinung/Moral — public opinion/morality

    Anstalt/Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts — public institution/corporation or body

    3) (= staatlich) public

    öffentliche Schule — state school, public school (US)

    etw in die öffentliche Hand überführento take sth into public ownership, to take sth under public control

    2. adv
    publicly

    etw öffentlich bekannt machen — to make sth public, to publicize sth

    öffentlich versteigern — to sell by public auction, to auction publicly

    jdn öffentlich anschuldigen/hinrichten — to accuse/execute sb publicly

    * * *
    2) (of, for, or concerning, the people (of a community or nation) in general: a public library; a public meeting; Public opinion turned against him; The public announcements are on the back page of the newspaper; This information should be made public and not kept secret any longer.) public
    * * *
    öf·fent·lich
    [ˈœfn̩tlɪç]
    I. adj public
    nicht \öffentlich Gerichtsverhandlung in camera
    \öffentliche Anleihen public [or government] loan
    \öffentliche Arbeitsprojekte/Fördermittel public projects/funds
    \öffentlicher Dienst civil service
    \öffentliche Hand public authorities
    \öffentlicher Wohnungsbau public [or government] housing, BRIT council housing
    \öffentliches Übernahmeangebot/Unternehmen public takeover offer/enterprise
    \öffentliches Zeichnungsangebot public offering
    II. adv publicly, in public
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv public; state attrib., [state-] maintained < school>

    Erregung öffentlichen Ärgernisses(Rechtsw.) creating a public nuisance

    2.
    1) publicly; <perform, appear> in public
    2) (vom Staat usw.) publicly <funded etc.>
    * * *
    A. adj
    1. allg public;
    öffentliche Bekanntmachung public announcement;
    in öffentlicher Sitzung in open session;
    es war ihr erster öffentlicher Auftritt it was her first public appearance;
    das öffentliche Wohl the public good;
    die öffentliche Meinung public opinion;
    öffentliches Recht public law;
    öffentlich machen bring abuses etc to the public’s attention;
    öffentliche Versteigerung sale by public auction;
    öffentliche Toilette public toilet (US rest room);
    der Vortrag ist öffentlich the lecture is open to the public; Ärgernis, Interesse, Leben 6, Ordnung etc
    2. (kommunal) local authority …; (staatlich) state …;
    öffentliche Anleihen government securities;
    öffentliche Schulen state schools, US public schools;
    öffentlicher Dienst public sector; (Beamtentum) civil service;
    ein Angestellter des öffentlichen Dienstes a public-sector employee; (Beamte) a civil servant;
    die öffentliche Hand the (state) authorities;
    von der öffentlichen Hand finanziert state-funded, paid for out of public funds;
    Müllbeseitigung ist eine öffentliche Aufgabe waste disposal is the responsibility of the local authority ( oder is a public service)
    B. adv publicly, in public; JUR in open session;
    öffentlich abstimmen/tagen have an open vote/meet in open session;
    öffentlich bekannt machen make public, announce publicly;
    etwas öffentlich erklären state sth in public;
    Missstände öffentlich anprangern launch a public attack on abuses
    * * *
    1.
    Adjektiv public; state attrib., [state-] maintained < school>

    Erregung öffentlichen Ärgernisses(Rechtsw.) creating a public nuisance

    2.
    1) publicly; <perform, appear> in public
    2) (vom Staat usw.) publicly <funded etc.>
    * * *
    adj.
    public adj. adv.
    publicly adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > öffentlich

  • 123 διά

    διά prep. w. gen. and acc. (Hom.+) (for lit. s. ἀνά, beg.); the fundamental idea that finds expression in this prep. is separation, esp. in the gen., with the gener. sense ‘through’; in the acc. the gener. sense also is ‘through’ (cp. the semantic range in Eng.), but primarily with a causal focus ‘owing to’.
    A. w. gen.
    marker of extension through an area or object, via, through
    w. verbs of going διέρχεσθαι διὰ πάντων (sc. τόπων, EpArist 132) go through all the places Ac 9:32; cp. Mt 12:43; Lk 11:24. ἀπελεύσομαι διʼ ὑμῶν εἰς I will go through your city on the way to Ro 15:28; cp. 2 Cor. 1:16. διαβαίνειν Hb 11:29. διαπορεύεσθαι διὰ σπορίμων Lk 6:1. εἰσέρχεσθαι διὰ τῆς πύλης (Jos., Ant. 13, 229) Mt 7:13a; τ. θύρας J 10:1f; cp. vs. 9. παρέρχεσθαι διὰ τ. ὁδοῦ pass by along the road Mt 8:28; cp. 7:13b. παραπορεύεσθαι Mk 2:23; 9:30. περιπατεῖν διὰ τοῦ φωτός walk about through or in the light Rv 21:24. ὑποστρέφειν διὰ Μακεδονίας return through M. Ac 20:3.—Ἰης. ὁ ἐλθὼν διʼ ὕδατος καὶ αἵματος 1J 5:6 first of all refers quite literally to Jesus’ passing through water at the hand of John and through blood at his death (on the expression ‘come through blood’ in this sense cp. Eur., Phoen. 20 in Alex. Aphr., Fat. 31 II 2 p. 202, 10, of the oracle to Laius the father of Oedipus, concerning the bloody downfall of his house: πᾶς σὸς οἶκος βήσεται διʼ αἵματος). But mng. 3c may also apply: Jesus comes with the water of baptism and with the blood of redemption for his own.—AKlöpper, 1J 5:6–12: ZWT 43, 1900, 378–400.—The ῥῆμα ἐκπορευόμενον διὰ στόματος θεοῦ Mt 4:4 (Dt 8:3) is simply the word that proceeds out of the mouth of God (cp. Theognis 1, 18 Diehl3 τοῦτʼ ἔπος ἀθανάτων ἦλθε διὰ στομάτων; Pittacus in Diog. L. 1, 78 διὰ στόματος λαλεῖ; Chrysippus argues in Diog. L. 7, 187: εἴ τι λαλεῖς, τοῦτο διὰ τοῦ στόματός σου διέρχεται, i.e. if one e.g. says the word ἅμαξα, a wagon passes through the person’s lips; TestIss 7:4 ψεῦδος οὐκ ἀνῆλθε διὰ τ. χειλέων μου. Cp. also δέχεσθαι διὰ τῶν χειρῶν τινος Gen 33:10 beside δέχ. ἐκ τ. χειρ. τινος Ex 32:4).
    w. other verbs that include motion: οὗ ὁ ἔπαινος διὰ πασῶν τ. ἐκκλησιῶν (sc. ἀγγέλλεται) throughout all the congregations 2 Cor 8:18. διαφέρεσθαι διʼ (v.l. καθʼ) ὅλης τῆς χώρας be spread through the whole region Ac 13:49. διὰ τ. κεράμων καθῆκαν αὐτόν they let him down through the tile roof Lk 5:19. διὰ τοῦ τείχους καθῆκαν through an opening in the wall (Jos., Ant. 5, 15) Ac 9:25; cp. 2 Cor 11:33. (σωθήσεται) ὡς διὰ πυρός as if he had come through fire 1 Cor 3:15. διασῴζεσθαι διʼ ὕδατος be brought safely through the water 1 Pt 3:20.—διʼ ὅλου J 19:23 s. ὅλος 2.
    of a whole period of time, to its very end throughout, through, during διὰ παντός (sc. χρόνου. Edd. gener. write διὰ παντός, but Tdf. writes διαπαντός exc. Mt 18:10) always, continually, constantly (Hdt. 1, 122, 3; Thu. 1, 38, 1; Vett. Val. 220, 1; 16; PLond I, 42, 6 [172 B.C.] p. 30; BGU 1078, 2; PGM 7, 235; LXX; GrBar 10:7; EpArist index; Jos., Ant. 3, 281; SibOr Fgm. 1, 17; Just., D. 6, 2; 12, 3 al.) Mt 18:10; Mk 5:5; Lk 24:53; Ac 2:25 (Ps 15:8); 10:2; 24:16; Ro 11:10 (Ps 68:24); 2 Th 3:16; Hb 9:6; 13:15; Hm 5, 2, 3; Hs 9, 27, 3. διὰ νυκτός during the night, overnight (νύξ 1b) Ac 23:31. διʼ ὅλης νυκτός the whole night through Lk 5:5; J 21:6 v.l. (X., An. 4, 2, 4; Diod S 3, 12, 3 διʼ ὅλης τῆς νυκτός; PGM 4, 3151; Jos., Ant. 6, 37; cp. διʼ ἡμέρας all through the day: IPriene 112, 61 and 99; 1 Macc 12:27; 4 Macc 3:7). διʼ ἡμερῶν τεσσεράκοντα Ac 1:3 means either for forty days (Philo, Vi. Cont. 35 διʼ ἓξ ἡμερῶν. So AFridrichsen, ThBl 6, 1927, 337–41; MEnslin, JBL 47, 1928, 60–73) or (s. b below) now and then in the course of 40 days (B-D-F §223, 1; Rob. 581; WMichaelis, ThBl 4, 1925, 102f; Bruce, Acts). διὰ παντὸς τοῦ ζῆν throughout the lifetime Hb 2:15 (cp. διὰ παντὸς τοῦ βίου: X., Mem. 1, 2, 61; Pla., Phileb. 39e; Dionys. Hal. 2, 21; διʼ ὅλου τοῦ ζῆν EpArist 130; 141; 168).
    of a period of time within which someth. occurs during, at (PTebt 48, 10) διὰ (τῆς) νυκτός at night, during the night (Palaeph. 1, 10; PRyl 138, 15 κατέλαβα τοῦτον διὰ νυκτός; Jos., Bell. 1, 229. S. νύξ 1b end) Ac 5:19; 16:9; 17:10. διὰ τῆς ἡμέρας during the day Lk 9:37 D (Antig. Car. 128 διὰ πέμπτης ἡμέρας=on the fifth day). διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν within three days Mt 26:61; Mk 14:58.
    of an interval of time, after (Hdt. 6, 118, 3 διʼ ἐτέων εἴκοσι; Thu. 2, 94, 3; X., Mem. 2, 8, 1; Diod S 5, 28, 6 of transmigration of souls: διʼ ἐτῶν ὡρισμένων [=after the passing of a certain number of years] πάλιν βιοῦν; OGI 56, 38; 4 Macc 13:21; Jos., Ant. 4, 209): διʼ ἐτῶν πλειόνων after several years Ac 24:17. διὰ δεκατεσσάρων (s. under δέκα) ἐτῶν after 14 years Gal 2:1. διʼ ἡμερῶν several days afterward Mk 2:1. διὰ ἱκανοῦ χρόνου after (quite) some time Ac 11:2 D (X., Cyr. 1, 4, 28 διὰ χρόνου).
    marker of instrumentality or circumstance whereby someth. is accomplished or effected, by, via, through
    of means or instrument γράφειν διά χάρτου καὶ μέλανος write w. paper and ink 2J 12; cp. 3J 13 (Plut., Sol. 87 [17, 3]). διὰ πυρὸς δοκιμάζειν test by fire 1 Pt 1:7. διὰ χρημάτων κτᾶσθαι Ac 8:20. Hebraistically in expr. denoting activity διὰ χειρῶν τινος (LXX) Mk 6:2; Ac 5:12; 14:3; 19:11, 26. Differently γράφειν διὰ χειρός τινος write through the agency of someone 15:23; cp. 11:30. εἰπεῖν διὰ στόματός τινος by the mouth of someone (where the usage discussed in A1a is influential) 1:16; 3:18, 21; 4:25. εὔσημον λόγον διδόναι διὰ τῆς γλώσσης utter intelligible speech with the tongue 1 Cor 14:9. διὰ τοῦ νοὸς λαλεῖν speak, using one’s reason (=consciously; opp., ecstatic speech) vs. 19 v.l. Of the work of Christ: περιποιεῖσθαι διὰ τοῦ αἵματος obtain through his blood Ac 20:28; cp. Eph 1:7; Col 1:20. Also διὰ τοῦ θανάτου Ro 5:10; Col 1:22; Hb 2:14; διὰ τοῦ σώματος Ro 7:4; διὰ τῆς ἰδίας σαρκός AcPlCor 2:6; cp. 2:15; διὰ τοῦ σταυροῦ Eph 2:16; διὰ τῆς θυσίας Hb 9:26; διὰ τῆς προσφορᾶς τοῦ σώματος Ἰησοῦ through the offering of the body of Jesus 10:10; διὰ παθημάτων 2:10.
    of manner, esp. w. verbs of saying: ἀπαγγέλλειν διὰ λόγου by word of mouth Ac 15:27; cp. 2 Th 2:15. διʼ ἐπιστολῶν by letter (POxy 1066, 9; 1070, 14f πολλάκις σοι γράψας διὰ ἐπιστολῶν πολλῶν; Tat. 12:3 δια γραφῆς in writing) 1 Cor 16:3; 2 Cor 10:11; cp. 2 Th 2:2, 15. διὰ λόγου πολλοῦ w. many words Ac 15:32. διʼ ὁράματος εἰπεῖν in a vision 18:9. διὰ παραβολῆς in an illustrative way, in a parable Lk 8:4. διὰ προσευχῆς καὶ δεήσεως προσεύχεσθαι call on (God) w. prayer and supplication Eph 6:18. διὰ βραχέων ἐπιστέλλειν write briefly Hb 13:22 (cp. 1 Pt 5:12 P72; Isocr. 14, 3; Lucian, Tox. 56; EpArist 128; Ath. 17:1 σκέψασθε … διὰ βρ.). Also διʼ ὀλίγων γράφειν 1 Pt 5:12 (Pla., Phileb. 31d; UPZ 42, 9 [162 B.C.]; 2 Macc 6:17).
    of attendant or prevailing circumstance (Kühner-G. I 482f; X., Cyr. 4, 6, 6 διὰ πένθους τὸ γῆρας διάγων; Just., D. 105, 2 διʼ οὗ πάθους ἔμελλενἀποθνῄσκειν; PTebt 35, 9 [111 B.C.] διὰ τῆς γνώμης τινός=with someone’s consent; Jos., Bell. 4, 105) σὲ τὸν διὰ γράμματος καὶ περιτομῆς παραβάτην νόμου you who, (though provided) with the written code and circumcision, are a transgressor/violator of the law Ro 2:27. διʼ ὑπομονῆς 8:25. διὰ προσκόμματος eat with offense (to the scruples of another) 14:20. διʼ ἀκροβυστίας in a state of being uncircumcised 4:11. διὰ πολλῶν δακρύων with many tears 2 Cor 2:4. Cp. 6:7. διὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως 2 Pt 1:3 ( through recognition [of God as source of the gifts], s. Danker, Benefactor 457). διὰ πυρός in fiery form AcPlCor 2:13.—Here prob. belongs σωθήσεται διὰ τῆς τεκνογονίας 1 Ti 2:15 (opp. of the negative theme in Gen. 3:16), but s. d next. On 1J 5:6 s. A1a above.
    of efficient cause via, through διὰ νόμου ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας ( only) recognition of sin comes via the law Ro 3:20; cp. 4:13. τὰ παθήματα τὰ διὰ τοῦ νόμου passions aroused via the law 7:5. διὰ νόμου πίστεως by the law of faith 3:27; Gal 2:19. ἀφορμὴν λαμβάνειν διὰ τῆς ἐντολῆς Ro 7:8, 11; cp. 13. διὰ τ. εὐαγγελίου ὑμᾶς ἐγέννησα (spiritual parenthood) 1 Cor 4:15. Perh. 1 Ti 2:15 but s. c, above. διὰ τῆς σοφίας with its wisdom 1 Cor 1:21; opp. διὰ τῆς μωρίας τοῦ κηρύγματος through the folly of proclamation = foolish proclamation ibid. διὰ τῆς Λευιτικῆς ἱερωσύνης Hb 7:11. Freq. διὰ (τῆς) πίστεως Ro 1:12; 3:22, 25, 30f; Gal 2:16; 3:14, 26; Eph 2:8; 3:12, 17 al. Cp. AcPl Cor 2:8. πίστις διʼ ἀγάπης ἐνεργουμένη faith which works through (=expresses itself in) deeds of love Gal 5:6. διὰ θελήματος θεοῦ if God is willing Ro 15:32; by the will of God 1 Cor 1:1; 2 Cor 1:1; 8:5; Eph 1:1; Col 1:1; 2 Ti 1:1.
    of occasion διὰ τῆς χάριτος by virtue of the grace Ro 12:3; Gal 1:15 (Just., D. 100, 2).—3:18; 4:23; Phlm 22. διὰ δόξης καὶ ἀρετῆς in consequence of his glory and excellence 2 Pt 1:3 v.l.
    in wording of urgent requests διὰ τῶν οἰκτιρμῶν τοῦ θεοῦ by the mercy of God Ro 12:1; cp. 15:30; 1 Cor 1:10; 2 Cor 10:1.
    marker of pers. agency, through, by
    with focus on agency through ( the agency of), by (X., An. 2, 3, 17 διʼ ἑρμηνέως λέγειν; Menand., Fgm. 210, 1 οὐθεὶς διʼ ἀνθρώπου θεὸς σῴζει … ἑτέρου τόν ἕτερον; Achilles Tat. 7, 1, 3 διʼ ἐκείνου μαθεῖν; Just., D. 75, 4 διὰ παρθένου γεννηθῆναι; PMert 5, 8 γεομετρηθῆναι διʼ αὐτοῦ) ῥηθὲν διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Mt 1:22; 2:15, 23; 4:14 al. (cp. Just., A I, 47, 5 διὰ Ἠσαίου τοῦ πρ.). γεγραμμένα διὰ τῶν προφητῶν Lk 18:31; cp. Ac 2:22; 10:36; 15:12 al. διʼ ἀνθρώπου by human agency Gal 1:1. διὰ Μωϋσέως through Moses (Jos., Ant. 7, 338; Mel., P. 11, 77 διὰ χειρὸς Μωυσέως) J 1:17; under Moses’ leadership Hb 3:16. διʼ ἀγγέλων by means of divine messengers (TestJob 18:5 διὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου; cp. Jos., Ant. 15, 136, but s. n. by RMarcus, Loeb ed., ad loc.) Gal 3:19; Hb 2:2. πέμψας διὰ τ. μαθητῶν εἶπεν sent and said through his disciples Mt 11:2f. Cp. the short ending of Mk. γράφειν διά τινος of the bearer IRo 10:1; IPhld 11:2; ISm 12:1, but also of pers. who had a greater or smaller part in drawing up some document (Dionys. of Cor. in Eus., HE 4, 23, 11) 1 Pt 5:12 (on the practice s. ERichards, The Secretary in the Letters of Paul ’91). In this case διά comes close to the mng. represented by (LWenger, D. Stellvertretung im Rechte d. Pap. 1906, 9ff; Dssm., LO 98 [LAE 123f]). So also κρίνει ὁ θεὸς διὰ Χρ. Ἰ. God judges, represented by Christ Jesus Ro 2:16. Christ as intermediary in the creation of the world J 1:3, 10; 1 Cor 8:6; Col 1:16.—εὐχαριστεῖν τ. θεῷ διὰ Ἰ. Χρ. thank God through Jesus Christ Ro 1:8; 7:25; Col 3:17.—Occasionally the mediation becomes actual presence (references for this usage in BKeil, Anonymus Argentinensis 1902, p. 192, 1; 306 note) διὰ πολλῶν μαρτύρων in the presence of many witnesses 2 Ti 2:2 (Simplicius in Epict. p. 114, 31 διὰ θεοῦ μέσου=in the presence of God as mediator; Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 187 τὸ διὰ μαρτύρων κλαίειν=weeping in the presence of witnesses).
    with focus on the originator of an action (Hom. et al.; pap, LXX, EpArist)
    α. of human activity (PSI 354, 6 [254 B.C.] τὸν χόρτον τὸν συνηγμένον διʼ ἡμῶν=by us; 500, 5; 527, 12; 1 Esdr 6:13; 2 Macc 6:21; 4 Macc 1:11) 2 Cor 1:11 (where διὰ πολλῶν resumes ἐκ πολλῶν προσώπων). ᾧ παρέλαβε κανόνι διὰ τῶν μακαρίων προφήτων καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου εὐαγγελίου AcPlCor 2:36.
    β. of divine activity:—of God (Aeschyl., Ag. 1485; Pla., Symp. 186e ἡ ἰατρικὴ πᾶσα διὰ τ. θεοῦ τούτου [Asclepius] κυβερνᾶται; Ael. Aristid., Sarap. [Or. 8 Dind.=45 Keil] 14 K. πάντα γὰρ πανταχοῦ διὰ σοῦ τε καὶ διὰ σὲ ἡμῖν γίγνεται; Zosimus in CALG p. 143 and a magic ring in introd. 133; EpArist 313) 1 Cor 1:9 διʼ οὗ ἐκλήθητε (v.l. ὑπό s. καλέω 4); Ro 11:36 (s. Norden, Agn. Th. 240–50; 347f); Hb 2:10b (s. B 2a, below; cp. Ar. 1:5 διʼ αὐτοῦ … τὰ πάντα συνέστηκεν).—Of Christ Ro 1:5; 5:9, 17f, 21; 8:37; 2 Cor 1:20 al. (ASchettler, D. paulin. Formel ‘durch Christus’ 1907; GJonker, De paulin. formule ‘door Christus’: ThSt 27, 1909, 173–208).—Of the Holy Spirit Ac 11:28; 21:4; Ro 5:5.
    At times διά w. gen. seems to have causal mng. (Rdm. 142; POxy 299, 2 [I A.D.] ἔδωκα αὐτῷ διὰ σοῦ=because of you; Achilles Tat. 3, 4, 5 διὰ τούτων=for this reason; in Eng. cp. Coleridge, Anc. Mariner 135–36: Every tongue thro’ utter drouth Was wither’d at the root, s. OED s.v. ‘through’ I B 8) διὰ τῆς σαρκός because of the resistance of the flesh Ro 8:3.—2 Cor 9:13.—On the use of διά w. gen. in Ro s. Schlaeger, La critique radicale de l’épître aux Rom.: Congr. d’ Hist. du Christ. II 111f.
    B. w. acc.
    marker of extension through an area, through (Hom. and other early Gk. only in poetry, e.g. Pind. P. 9, 123 διʼ ὅμιλον ‘through the throng’; Hellenistic prose since Dionys. Hal. [JKäser, D. Präpositionen b. Dionys. Hal., diss. Erlangen 1915, 54]; ISyriaW 1866b τὸν πάτρωνα διὰ πάντα of the governor of a whole province) διήρχετο διὰ μέσον Σαμαρείας καὶ Γαλιλαίας Lk 17:11 (cp. SibOr 3, 316 ῥομφαία διελεύσεται διὰ μέσον σεῖο).
    marker of someth. constituting cause
    the reason why someth. happens, results, exists: because of, for the sake of (do something for the sake of a divinity: UPZ 62, 2 [161 B.C.] διὰ τὸν Σάραπιν; JosAs 1:10 διʼ αὐτήν; ApcSed 3:3 διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον; Tat. 8:2 διὰ τὸν … Ἄττιν; Ath. 30, 1 διὰ τὴν Δερκετώ) hated because of the name Mt 10:22; persecution arises because of teaching 13:21; because of unbelief vs. 58; because of a tradition 15:3; διὰ τὸν ἄνθρωπον (the sabbath was designed) for people Mk 2:27; because of Herodias Mk 6:17 (cp. Just. D. 34, 8 διὰ γυναῖκα); because of a crowd Lk 5:19; 8:19 al; because of Judeans Ac 16:3. διὰ τὸν θόρυβον 21:34; because of rain 28:2. Juristically to indicate guilt: imprisoned for insurrection and murder Lk 23:25. διʼ ὑμᾶς on your account=through your fault Ro 2:24 (Is 52:5). διὰ τὴν πάρεσιν because of the passing over 3:25 (but s. WKümmel, ZTK 49, ’52, 164). διὰ τὰ παραπτώματα on account of transgressions 4:25a (cp. Is 53:5; PsSol 13:5); but διὰ τὴν δικαίωσιν in the interest of justification vs. 25b; s. 8:10 for a sim. paired use of διὰ. διὰ τὴν χάριν on the basis of the grace 15:15. διʼ ἀσθένειαν τῆς σαρκός because of a physical ailment (cp. POxy 726, 10f [II A.D.] οὐ δυνάμενος διʼ ἀσθένειαν πλεῦσαι. Cp. ἀσθένεια 1) Gal 4:13. διὰ τὸ θέλημα σου by your will Rv 4:11. διὰ τὸν χρόνον according to the time = by this time Hb 5:12 (Aelian, VH 3, 37 δ. τὸν χρ.=because of the particular time-situation).—W. words denoting emotions out of (Diod S 5, 59, 8 διὰ τὴν λύπην; 18, 25, 1 διὰ τὴν προπέτειαν=out of rashness; Appian, Celt. 1 §9 διʼ ἐλπίδα; 2 Macc 5:21; 7:20; 9:8; 3 Macc 5:32, 41; Tob 8:7): διὰ φθόνον out of envy Mt 27:18; Phil 1:15. διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους out of tender mercy Lk 1:78. διὰ τ. φόβον τινός out of fear of someone J 7:13. διὰ τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην out of the great love Eph 2:4. διὰ τ. πλεονεξίαν in their greediness B 10:4.—Of God as the ultimate goal or purpose of life, whereas διά w. gen. (s. A4bβ above) represents God as Creator, Hb 2:10a (s. Norden, op. cit.; PGM 13, 76 διὰ σὲ συνέστηκεν … ἡ γῆ). Cp. J 6:57 (s. Bultmann ad loc.) PtK 2.
    in direct questions διὰ τί; why? (Hyperid. 3, 17; Dio Chrys. 20 [37], 28; Ael. Aristid. 31 p. 597 D.; oft. LXX; TestJob 37:8; TestLevi 2:9; GrBar, Tat; Mel., Fgm. 8b, 42) mostly in an interrogative clause Mt 9:11, 14; 13:10; 15:2f; 17:19; 21:25; Mk 2:18; 11:31; Lk 5:30; 19:23, 31; 20:5; 24:38; J 7:45; 8:43, 46; 12:5; 13:37; Ac 5:3; 1 Cor 6:7; Rv 17:7. Simply διὰ τί; (Hyperid. 3, 23) Ro 9:32; 2 Cor 11:11. Also διατί (always in t.r. and often by Tdf.; TestJob 46:2) B 8:4, 6; Hm 2:5; Hs 5, 5, 5. Kvan Leeuwen Boomkamp, Τι et Διατι dans les évangiles: RevÉtGr 39, 1926, 327–31.—In real and supposed answers and inferences διὰ τοῦτο therefore (X., An. 1, 7, 3; 7, 19; oft. LXX; JosAs 7:7; Ar. 12, 2; Just., A I, 44, 5 al.; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 3 Jac.) Mt 6:25; 12:27, 31; 13:13, 52; 14:2; 18:23; 21:43; 23:13 v.l.; 24:44; Mk 11:24; 12:24; Lk 11:19 al. Also διὰ ταῦτα (Epict.) Eph 5:6. διὰ τοῦτο ὅτι for this reason, (namely) that J 5:16, 18; 8:47; 10:17; 12:18, 39; 15:19; 1J 3:1. διὰ τοῦτο ἵνα for this reason, (in order) that (Lucian, Abdic. 1) J 1:31; 2 Cor 13:10; 1 Ti 1:16; Phlm 15. Also διὰ τοῦτο ὅπως Hb 9:15.
    διά foll. by inf. or acc. w. inf., representing a causal clause, because (Gen 39:9; Dt 1:36; 1 Macc 6:53; GrBar 8:4; Demetr.: 722 fgm 1:1 al.) διὰ τὸ μὴ ἔχειν βάθος because it had no depth Mt 13:5f; Mk 4:5f (διὰ τὸ μή w. inf.: X., Mem. 1, 3, 5; Hero Alex. I 348, 7; III 274, 19; Lucian, Hermot. 31); because lawlessness increases Mt 24:12; διὰ τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν ἐξ οἴκου Δ.. Lk 2:4; because it was built well 6:48 al. διὰ τὸ λέγεσθαι ὑπό τινων because it was said by some Lk 9:7 (for the constr. cp. Herodian 7, 12, 7 διὰ τὸ τὰς ἐξόδους ὑπὸ τ. πυρὸς προκατειλῆφθαι=because the exit-routes were blocked by the fire).
    instead of διά w. gen. to denote the efficient cause we may have διά, by
    α. w. acc. of thing (schol. on Pind., N. 4, 79a; 2 Macc 12:11; EpArist 77) διὰ τὸ αἷμα by the blood Rv 12:11. διὰ τὰ σημεῖα by the miracles 13:14.
    β. w. acc. of pers. and freq. as expr. of favorable divine action (Aristoph., Plut. 468; Dionys. Hal. 8, 33, 3, 1579 μέγας διὰ τ. θεούς ἐγενόμην; Ael. Aristid. 24, 1 K.=44 p. 824 D.: διʼ οὓς [= θεούς] ἐσώθην; SIG 1122; OGI 458, 40; PGM 13, 579 διῳκονομήθη τ. πάντα διὰ σέ; EpArist 292; Sir 15:11; 3 Macc 6:36: other exx. in SEitrem and AFridrichsen, E. christl. Amulett auf Pap. 1921, 24). ζῶ διὰ τὸν πατέρα J 6:57 (cp. PKöln VI, 245, 16 of Isis σὺ κυρεῖς τὰ πάντα, διὰ σὲ δʼ εἰσορῶ φαός ‘you are responsible for everything and thanks to you I can see light’). διὰ τὸν ὑποτάξαντα by the one who subjected it Ro 8:20.—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > διά

  • 124 מעילה

    מְעִילָהf. (מָעַל; b. h. מַעַל) false dealing, bad faith. Sifré Num. 7 (ref. to Num. 5:12, sq.) הרי מ׳ על דבר ערוה this (context) proves that maʿal refers to marital faithlessness (not to pecuniary defalcation). Ib. אין מ׳ … אלא שיקור mʿilah everywhere (in the Scripture) has the meaning of false dealing; Num. R. s. 8. B. Bath.88b זה הקדים חטא למ׳וכ׳ this one (who robbed a man) makes sin precede faithlessness (ref. to Lev. 5:21), whereas that one (who robbed the Temple) makes faithlessness precede sin (ib. 15); a. fr.Pl. מְעִילוֹת. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Num. 5:12) שתי מ׳ הללווכ׳ why this repetition of the stem מעל?Esp. mʿilah, the law concerning the unlawful use of sacred property (Lev. 5:15 sq). Tosef.Meïl. I, 5 הציל … מן המ׳ protects the flesh of the other animal from being subject to the law of m., i. e. no use made of it is considered sacrilege. Ib. 8 יצא ידי מ׳ is no longer amenable to the law ; Meil.2a. Tosef. ib. III, 2 להיכן מ׳ זו נופלת to what fund does this fine for mal-appropriation go? Meïl. 12a אית ביה מ׳, איכא מ׳ the law of m. applies to it; a. fr.Pl. as ab. Zeb.V, 5 אשם מ׳ the guilt-offering for mal-appropriations of sacred property; a. fr.M‘ilah, name of a treatise of the Mishnab, Tosefta and Talmud Babli of the Order of Kodashim.

    Jewish literature > מעילה

  • 125 מְעִילָה

    מְעִילָהf. (מָעַל; b. h. מַעַל) false dealing, bad faith. Sifré Num. 7 (ref. to Num. 5:12, sq.) הרי מ׳ על דבר ערוה this (context) proves that maʿal refers to marital faithlessness (not to pecuniary defalcation). Ib. אין מ׳ … אלא שיקור mʿilah everywhere (in the Scripture) has the meaning of false dealing; Num. R. s. 8. B. Bath.88b זה הקדים חטא למ׳וכ׳ this one (who robbed a man) makes sin precede faithlessness (ref. to Lev. 5:21), whereas that one (who robbed the Temple) makes faithlessness precede sin (ib. 15); a. fr.Pl. מְעִילוֹת. Num. R. s. 9 (ref. to Num. 5:12) שתי מ׳ הללווכ׳ why this repetition of the stem מעל?Esp. mʿilah, the law concerning the unlawful use of sacred property (Lev. 5:15 sq). Tosef.Meïl. I, 5 הציל … מן המ׳ protects the flesh of the other animal from being subject to the law of m., i. e. no use made of it is considered sacrilege. Ib. 8 יצא ידי מ׳ is no longer amenable to the law ; Meil.2a. Tosef. ib. III, 2 להיכן מ׳ זו נופלת to what fund does this fine for mal-appropriation go? Meïl. 12a אית ביה מ׳, איכא מ׳ the law of m. applies to it; a. fr.Pl. as ab. Zeb.V, 5 אשם מ׳ the guilt-offering for mal-appropriations of sacred property; a. fr.M‘ilah, name of a treatise of the Mishnab, Tosefta and Talmud Babli of the Order of Kodashim.

    Jewish literature > מְעִילָה

  • 126 שכח

    שָׁכַח(b. h.; cmp. שכך) (to sink,) to forget, discard. Ber.32b (ref. to Is. 49:14) אדם … אתה עזבתני ושְׁכַחְתָּנִי if a man marries a woman after abandoning his first wife, he remembers the doings of his first wife, but thou hast abandoned me and also forgotten me. Ib. כלום אֶשְׁכַּח עולותוכ׳ will I ever forget the burnt-offerings of rams and the first born that thou didst offer ? Ib. שמא תִשְׁכַּח … סיני wilt thou forget what I did at Sinai? Peah V, 7 העומר ששְׁכָחוּהוּ … ולא ש׳וכ׳ a sheaf which the laborers overlooked in collecting, but the employer had not overlooked. Ib. VII, 1 ושְׁכָחוֹ and he forgot it (left it on the tree). Ab. III, 8 כל השוֹכֵחַוכ׳, v. מִשְׁנָה. Midd. II, 5 שָׁכַחְתִּי מהוכ׳ I forgot what purpose it served; Yoma 16a; a. v. fr.Part. pass. שָׁכוּחַ; f. שְׁכוּחָה, a) (cmp. זָכוּר) forgetting. Y.Sabb.VI, 7d והיא ש׳ and she may forget herself, v. שַׁחֲצָנִית.b) forgotten. B. Mets.11a ש׳ מעיקרו a sheaf forgotten at the start (overlooked in collecting); זכור ולבסוף ש׳, v. זָכַר. Ber. l. c. (ref. to Is. l. c.) היינו עזובה היינו ש׳ is not abandoned the same as forgotten? (Ms. O. … עֲזִיבָה … שְׁכִיחָה). Pi. שִׁכֵּחַ 1) same. Y.Ber.V, 9a top לא במהרה הוא מְשַׁכֵּחַ will not easily forget it. Snh.99a כל … ומְשַׁכְּחָהּוכ׳ he who studied the Law and neglects it (fails to review it) is like a woman that gives birth and buries; a. e. 2) to cause forgetting. Ab. II, 2 שיגיעת … מְשַׁכַּחַת עון (or מַשְׁכַּחַת) the employment of the mind in both of them causes man to forget sin. Tosef.Sot.III, 12 אתם מְשַׁכְּחִין … אני אֲשַׁכֵּחַוכ׳ you make the law of free trade forgotten among you, I will cause you to be forgotten in the world; Snh.109a, a. e. באו ונְשַׁכֵּחַוכ׳, v. רֶגֶל; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁכִּיחַ same. Bets.15b להַשְׁכִּיחוֹ, v. זָכַר. Ab. l. c., v. supra; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁכַּח, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ to be forgotten. Tem.14b מוטב … ואל תִּשְׁתַּכֵּחַוכ׳ (some ed. תִּשָּׁבֵ‍חַ) it is better that a law be uprooted (disregarded) than that the Law be forgotten in Israel. Ib. 15b שלשה … נִשְׁתַּכְּחוּוכ׳ three thousand traditional rules were forgotten during the days of mourning for Moses. Ib. 16a אף … נִשְׁתַּכְּחָהוכ׳ also the rule concerning a sin offering whose owner died (before it was brought) was forgotten during Ib. שלא יִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ … מלבי that what I have learned be not forgotten out of my mind. Pes.54b על המת שישתכח מן הלב that the dead should be forgotten out of mind; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > שכח

  • 127 שָׁכַח

    שָׁכַח(b. h.; cmp. שכך) (to sink,) to forget, discard. Ber.32b (ref. to Is. 49:14) אדם … אתה עזבתני ושְׁכַחְתָּנִי if a man marries a woman after abandoning his first wife, he remembers the doings of his first wife, but thou hast abandoned me and also forgotten me. Ib. כלום אֶשְׁכַּח עולותוכ׳ will I ever forget the burnt-offerings of rams and the first born that thou didst offer ? Ib. שמא תִשְׁכַּח … סיני wilt thou forget what I did at Sinai? Peah V, 7 העומר ששְׁכָחוּהוּ … ולא ש׳וכ׳ a sheaf which the laborers overlooked in collecting, but the employer had not overlooked. Ib. VII, 1 ושְׁכָחוֹ and he forgot it (left it on the tree). Ab. III, 8 כל השוֹכֵחַוכ׳, v. מִשְׁנָה. Midd. II, 5 שָׁכַחְתִּי מהוכ׳ I forgot what purpose it served; Yoma 16a; a. v. fr.Part. pass. שָׁכוּחַ; f. שְׁכוּחָה, a) (cmp. זָכוּר) forgetting. Y.Sabb.VI, 7d והיא ש׳ and she may forget herself, v. שַׁחֲצָנִית.b) forgotten. B. Mets.11a ש׳ מעיקרו a sheaf forgotten at the start (overlooked in collecting); זכור ולבסוף ש׳, v. זָכַר. Ber. l. c. (ref. to Is. l. c.) היינו עזובה היינו ש׳ is not abandoned the same as forgotten? (Ms. O. … עֲזִיבָה … שְׁכִיחָה). Pi. שִׁכֵּחַ 1) same. Y.Ber.V, 9a top לא במהרה הוא מְשַׁכֵּחַ will not easily forget it. Snh.99a כל … ומְשַׁכְּחָהּוכ׳ he who studied the Law and neglects it (fails to review it) is like a woman that gives birth and buries; a. e. 2) to cause forgetting. Ab. II, 2 שיגיעת … מְשַׁכַּחַת עון (or מַשְׁכַּחַת) the employment of the mind in both of them causes man to forget sin. Tosef.Sot.III, 12 אתם מְשַׁכְּחִין … אני אֲשַׁכֵּחַוכ׳ you make the law of free trade forgotten among you, I will cause you to be forgotten in the world; Snh.109a, a. e. באו ונְשַׁכֵּחַוכ׳, v. רֶגֶל; a. fr. Hif. הִשְׁכִּיחַ same. Bets.15b להַשְׁכִּיחוֹ, v. זָכַר. Ab. l. c., v. supra; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁכַּח, Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ to be forgotten. Tem.14b מוטב … ואל תִּשְׁתַּכֵּחַוכ׳ (some ed. תִּשָּׁבֵ‍חַ) it is better that a law be uprooted (disregarded) than that the Law be forgotten in Israel. Ib. 15b שלשה … נִשְׁתַּכְּחוּוכ׳ three thousand traditional rules were forgotten during the days of mourning for Moses. Ib. 16a אף … נִשְׁתַּכְּחָהוכ׳ also the rule concerning a sin offering whose owner died (before it was brought) was forgotten during Ib. שלא יִשְׁתַּכֵּחַ … מלבי that what I have learned be not forgotten out of my mind. Pes.54b על המת שישתכח מן הלב that the dead should be forgotten out of mind; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > שָׁכַח

  • 128 disentir

    v.
    1 to disagree.
    2 to dissent, to disagree.
    María diside con su hermano Mary dissents with her brother.
    * * *
    Conjugation model [ HERVIR], like link=hervir hervir
    1 to dissent, disagree (de, with)
    * * *
    verb
    to dissent, disagree
    * * *
    VI to dissent (de from)
    disagree (de with)
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo to dissent, disagree
    * * *
    = disagree, dissent, take + issue with.
    Ex. Although we may disagree about the fine detail, semantic relationships are the relationships between subjects, which are reasonably stable, and reflect the consensus of opinion concerning the connections between subjects.
    Ex. However, some individuals, operating under the impression that they are virtuously 'outspoken' when they have the courage to dissent, are simply rude and insensitive.
    Ex. At the same time, the author takes issue with the view that the great libraries of America are being 'trashed' by the rush towards technology.
    ----
    * disentir político = political dissent.
    * * *
    verbo intransitivo to dissent, disagree
    * * *
    = disagree, dissent, take + issue with.

    Ex: Although we may disagree about the fine detail, semantic relationships are the relationships between subjects, which are reasonably stable, and reflect the consensus of opinion concerning the connections between subjects.

    Ex: However, some individuals, operating under the impression that they are virtuously 'outspoken' when they have the courage to dissent, are simply rude and insensitive.
    Ex: At the same time, the author takes issue with the view that the great libraries of America are being 'trashed' by the rush towards technology.
    * disentir político = political dissent.

    * * *
    vi
    to dissent, disagree disentir DE algo to disagree WITH sth
    disiento de esa apreciación I disagree with o ( frml) dissent from that appraisal
    disentir CON algn to disagree WITH sb
    siento disentir con usted I'm sorry to disagree with you, I beg to differ
    disentir EN algo to disagree ABOUT sth
    * * *

    disentir verbo intransitivo to dissent, disagree [de (algo), with] [ con (alguien) with]: disiento de ese informe, I disagree with that report
    María disiente de su suegra, María disagrees with her mother-in-law
    ' disentir' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    discrepar
    English:
    dissent
    * * *
    to disagree (de/en with/on);
    disentía de él en muchas cosas she disagreed with him on many issues;
    disiento de la forma en que se está llevando este asunto I don't agree with the way this matter is being handled
    * * *
    v/i disagree (de with), dissent (de from);
    disiento de tu opinión I disagree with you
    * * *
    disentir {76} vi
    : to dissent, to disagree

    Spanish-English dictionary > disentir

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