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1 Wright
m.1 Wright, Frances Wright.2 Wright, Frank Lloyd Wright.3 Wright, Orville Wright.4 Wright, Wilbur Wright.5 Wright, Richard Wright.6 Wright, Willard Huntington Wright. -
2 Wright
prop Райт Э. (американский писатель, автор романа "Гэдсби", в котором нет ни единого слова, содержащего букву "е" английского алфавита). -
3 Wright, T. P.
Gen Mgtoriginator of a mathematical model describing a learning curve, introduced in an article entitled “Factors Affecting the Cost of Airplanes” in the Journal of Aeronautical Science (February 1936) -
4 Wright-Zähler
Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik > Wright-Zähler
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5 Wright, Wilbur
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 16 April 1867 Millville, Indiana, USAd. 30 May 1912 Dayton, Ohio, USA[br]American co-inventor, with his brother Orville Wright (b. 19 August 1871 Dayton, Ohio, USA; d. 30 January 1948 Dayton, Ohio, USA), of the first powered aeroplane capable of sustained, controlled flight.[br]Wilbur and Orville designed and built bicycles in Dayton, Ohio. In the 1890s they developed an interest in flying which led them to study the experiments of gliding pioneers such as Otto Lilienthal in Germany, and their fellow American Octave Chanute. The Wrights were very methodical and tackled the many problems stage by stage. First, they developed a method of controlling a glider using movable control surfaces, instead of weight-shifting as used in the early hand-gliders. They built a wind tunnel to test their wing sections and by 1902 they had produced a controllable glider. Next they needed a petrol engine, and when they could not find one to suit their needs they designed and built one themselves.On 17 December 1903 their Flyer was ready and Orville made the first short flight of 12 seconds; Wilbur followed with a 59-second flight covering 853 ft (260 m). An improved design, Flyer II, followed in 1904 and made about eighty flights, including circuits and simple ma-noeuvres. In 1905 Flyer III made several long flights, including one of 38 minutes covering 24½ miles (39 km). Most of the Wrights' flying was carried out in secret to protect their patents, so their achievements received little publicity. For a period of two and a half years they did not fly, but they worked to improve their Flyer and to negotiate terms for the sale of their invention to various governments and commercial syndi-cates.In 1908 the Wright Model A appeared, and when Wilbur demonstrated it in France he astounded the European aviators by making several flights lasting more than one hour and one of 2 hours 20 minutes. Considerable numbers of the Model A were built, but the European designers rapidly caught up and overtook the Wrights. The Wright brothers became involved in several legal battles to protect their patents: one of these, with Glenn Curtiss, went on for many years. Wilbur died of typhoid fever in 1912. Orville sold his interest in the Wright Company in 1915, but retained an interest in aeronautical research and lived on to see an aeroplane fly faster than the speed of sound.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Aeronautical Society (London) Gold Medal (awarded to both Wilbur and Orville) May 1909. Medals from the Aero Club of America, Congress, Ohio State and the City of Dayton.Bibliography1951, Miracle at Kitty Hawk. The Letters of Wilbur \& Orville Wright, ed. F.C.Kelly, New York.1953, The Papers of Wilbur and Orville Wright, ed. Marvin W.McFarland, 2 vols, New York.Orville Wright, 1953, How We Invented the Aeroplane, ed. F.C.Kelly, New York.Further ReadingA.G.Renstrom, 1968, Wilbur \& Orville Wright. A Bibliography, Washington, DC (with 2,055 entries).C.H.Gibbs-Smith, 1963, The Wright Brothers, London (reprint) (a concise account).J.L.Pritchard, 1953, The Wright Brothers', Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society (December) (includes much documentary material).F.C.Kelly, 1943, The Wright Brothers, New York (reprint) (authorized by Orville Wright).H.B.Combs with M.Caidin, 1980, Kill Devil Hill, London (contains more technical information).T.D.Crouch, 1989, The Bishop's Boys: A Life of Wilbur \& Orville Wright, New York (perhaps the best of various subsequent biographies).JDS -
6 Wright, Frank Lloyd
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 8 June 1869 Richland Center, Wisconsin, USAd. 9 April 1959 Phoenix, Arizona, USA[br]American architect who, in an unparalleled career spanning almost seventy years, became the most important figure on the modern architectural scene both in his own country and far further afield.[br]Wright began his career in 1887 working in the Chicago offices of Adler \& Sullivan. He conceived a great admiration for Sullivan, who was then concentrating upon large commercial projects in modern mode, producing functional yet decorative buildings which took all possible advantage of new structural methods. Wright was responsible for many of the domestic commissions.In 1893 Wright left the firm in order to set up practice on his own, thus initiating a career which was to develop into three distinct phases. In the first of these, up until the First World War, he was chiefly designing houses in a concept in which he envisaged "the house as a shelter". These buildings displayed his deeply held opinion that detached houses in country areas should be designed as an integral part of the landscape, a view later to be evidenced strongly in the work of modern Finnish architects. Wright's designs were called "prairie houses" because so many of them were built in the MidWest of America, which Wright described as a "prairie". These were low and spreading, with gently sloping rooflines, very plain and clean lined, built of traditional materials in warm rural colours, blending softly into their settings. Typical was W.W.Willit's house of 1902 in Highland Park, Illinois.In the second phase of his career Wright began to build more extensively in modern materials, utilizing advanced means of construction. A notable example was his remarkable Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, carefully designed and built in 1916–22 (now demolished), with special foundations and structure to withstand (successfully) strong earthquake tremors. He also became interested in the possibilities of reinforced concrete; in 1906 he built his church at Oak Park, Illinois, entirely of this material. In the 1920s, in California, he abandoned his use of traditional materials for house building in favour of precast concrete blocks, which were intended to provide an "organic" continuity between structure and decorative surfacing. In his continued exploration of the possibilities of concrete as a building material, he created the dramatic concept of'Falling Water', a house built in 1935–7 at Bear Run in Pennsylvania in which he projected massive reinforced-concrete terraces cantilevered from a cliff over a waterfall in the woodlands. In the later 1930s an extraordinary run of original concepts came from Wright, then nearing 70 years of age, ranging from his own winter residence and studio, Taliesin West in Arizona, to the administration block for Johnson Wax (1936–9) in Racine, Wisconsin, where the main interior ceiling was supported by Minoan-style, inversely tapered concrete columns rising to spreading circular capitals which contained lighting tubes of Pyrex glass.Frank Lloyd Wright continued to work until four days before his death at the age of 91. One of his most important and certainly controversial commissions was the Solomon R.Guggenheim Museum in New York. This had been proposed in 1943 but was not finally built until 1956–9; in this striking design the museum's exhibition areas are ranged along a gradually mounting spiral ramp lit effectively from above. Controversy stemmed from the unusual and original design of exterior banding and interior descending spiral for wall-display of paintings: some critics strongly approved, while others, equally strongly, did not.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRIBA Royal Gold Medal 1941.Bibliography1945, An Autobiography, Faber \& Faber.Further ReadingE.Kaufmann (ed.), 1957, Frank Lloyd Wright: an American Architect, New York: Horizon Press.H.Russell Hitchcock, 1973, In the Nature of Materials, New York: Da Capo.T.A.Heinz, 1982, Frank Lloyd Wright, New York: St Martin's.DY -
7 Wright, Arthur
[br]b. 1858 London, Englandd. 26 July 1931 Paignton, Devon, England[br]English engineer and electricity supply industry pioneer.[br]Arthur Wright, educated at Maryborough College, attended a course of training at the School of Submarine Telegraphy, Telephony and Electric Light in London. In 1882 he joined the Hammond Company in Brighton, the first company to afford a regular electricity supply in Britain on a commercial basis for street and private lighting. He invented a recording ammeter and also a thermal-demand indicator used in conjunction with a tariff based on maximum demand in addition to energy consumption. This indicator was to remain in use for almost half a century.Resigning his position in Brighton in 1889, he joined the staff of S.Z.de Ferranti and served with him during developments at the Grosvenor Gallery and Deptford stations in London. In 1891 he returned to Brighton as its first Borough Electrical Engineer. From 1900 onwards he had an extensive consulting practice designing early power stations, and was approached by many municipalities and companies in Britain, the United States, South America and Australia, primarily on finance and tariffs. Associated with the founding of the Municipal Electrical Association in 1905, the following year he became its first President.[br]Bibliography1901, British patent no. 23,153 (thermal maximum demand indicator).1922, "Early days of the Brighton electricity supply", Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 60:497–9.Further ReadingObituary, 1931, Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 69:1,327–8.R.H.Parsons, 1939, Early Days of the Power Station Industry, Cambridge, pp. 13–17 (describes Wright's pioneering inventions).GW -
8 Wright, Basil Martin
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 20 December 1912 Dulwich, London, England[br]English physician and research physiologist, inventor of the Wright Respirometer peak-flow meter for measurement of respiratory ventilatory capacity and of "fluid lens" spectacles.[br]He qualified at St Bartholomew's Hospital in 1938 and after early hospital posts served in the Army as a specialist in pathology in West Africa and Singapore. In 1947 he joined the Medical Research Council (MRC) and until 1957 he was involved with the Pneumoconiosis Research Unit in investigation of dust inhalation. In 1957 he transferred to the National Institute for Medical Research, to concentrate on instrument development, and in 1969 to the Bioengineering Division of the MRC Clinical Research Centre at Northwick Park Hospital. He was responsible for a number of instrumental developments and inventions in the fields, amongst others, of respiration measurement, blood alcohol levels and variable adjustable spectacle lenses (achieved by altering the curvature of the surface of a thinwalled transparent fluid cell).[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFellow of the Royal College of Physicians 1989. Doctor of Medicine, Cambridge, 1969. International Inventors Fair Design Awards and Gold Medal.Bibliography1955, "A respiratory anemometer", Journal of Physiology.1959, with McKerrow, "Maximum forced expiatory flow rate as a measure of respiratory capacity", British Medical Journal.1978, "Variable focus spectacles", Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of theUK.1986, "Patient-triggered ventilation in the new-born", Lancet.MG -
9 Wright & Wright Printers
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright & Wright Printers
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10 Wright Air Development Center
Military: WADCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Air Development Center
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11 Wright Air Development Centre
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Air Development Centre
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12 Wright Air Development Division
Military: WADDУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Air Development Division
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13 Wright Brother's History
Transport: WBHУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Brother's History
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14 Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company
Trademark term: WBACУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Brothers Aeroplane Company
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15 Wright Brothers Energy, Inc.
NASDAQ: WOILУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Brothers Energy, Inc.
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16 Wright Brothers National Memorial
American: WBNMУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Brothers National Memorial
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17 Wright Business and Management Consultancy
Trademark term: WBMCУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Business and Management Consultancy
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18 Wright Capital Project Fund
Non-profit-making organization: WCPFУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Capital Project Fund
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19 Wright Centennial Festival Ensemble
Mass media: WCFEУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Centennial Festival Ensemble
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20 Wright Center If Innovation
Non-profit-making organization: WCOIУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Wright Center If Innovation
См. также в других словарях:
Wright — hace referencia a: Wright, cráter del planeta Marte. Wright, pueblo de Nueva York, Estados Unidos. La tinción de Wright. Almroth Wright, inmunólogo Británico. Frank Lloyd Wright, arquitecto estadounidense. Orville Wright, junto a Wilbur Wright,… … Wikipedia Español
WRIGHT (F. L.) — «Bien que la Bible ait joué un rôle d’une importance incalculable dans la formation de la culture occidentale pendant deux millénaires, c’est seulement avec Wright que la pensée biblique est parvenue à s’exprimer dans l’architecture, dominée de… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Wright — [raɪt], 1) Frank Lloyd, amerikanischer Architekt und Architekturschriftsteller, * Richland Center (Wisconsin) 8. 6. 1869, ✝ Phoenix (Arizona) 9. 4. 1959; Schüler von L. H. Sullivan, für dessen Büro (Adler & Sullivan) in Chicago (Illinois) er … Universal-Lexikon
Wright — ist ein englischer Familienname, siehe Wright (Familienname) ohne Angabe von Vornamen meist die Brüder Wright ein Asteroid, siehe (1747) Wright Wright heißen die Orte Wright (Arkansas) Wright (Florida) Wright (Iowa) Wright (Minnesota) Wright (New … Deutsch Wikipedia
Wright — Wright, Frank Lloyd Wright, Richard Wright, Wilbur * * * (as used in expressions) Forrester, Jay Wright Mills, C(harles) Wright Archibald Lee Wright Thomas Wright Waller Wright, Frances Fanny Wright Wright, Frank Lloyd … Enciclopedia Universal
Wright — Wright, WY U.S. town in Wyoming Population (2000): 1347 Housing Units (2000): 544 Land area (2000): 2.748952 sq. miles (7.119752 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 2.748952 sq. miles (7.119752 sq.… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Wright J-5 — Wright R 790 Wright R 790 Der Wright J 5 (auch militärisch … Deutsch Wikipedia
WRIGHT (R.) — Tout autant que par un puissant talent de conteur, fidèle à la tradition populaire et naturaliste, l’œuvre de Wright se distingue par l’honnêteté de son engagement et la qualité prophétique de certaines de ses perspectives. Il demeure l’écrivain… … Encyclopédie Universelle
WRIGHT (W. et O.) — WRIGHT WILBUR (1867 1912) & ORVILLE (1871 1948) Précurseurs de l’aviation américaine, nés respectivement à Millville (Indiana) et à Dayton (Ohio). Fabricants de bicyclettes à Dayton (Caroline du Nord), les deux frères Wilbur et Orville Wright… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Wright, OH — Wright Patterson AFB, OH U.S. Census Designated Place in Ohio Population (2000): 6656 Housing Units (2000): 2096 Land area (2000): 11.693277 sq. miles (30.285447 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.087239 sq. miles (0.225949 sq. km) Total area (2000):… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Wright — Wright, n. [OE. wrighte, writhe, AS. wyrtha, fr. wyrcean to work. [root]145. See {Work}.] One who is engaged in a mechanical or manufacturing business; an artificer; a workman; a manufacturer; a mechanic; esp., a worker in wood; now chiefly used… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
