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101 κήρυξ
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `herald, messenger'; also `trumpet-shell` (Il.).Dialectal forms: Myc. karuke \/kārūkes\/.Compounds: As 2. member e. g. in δρομο-κήρυξ `courier' (Aeschin.).Derivatives: 1. Feminine: κηρύκαινα `heraldess' (Ar. Ek. 713; moment. formation, cf. Chantraine Formation 108); 2. Patronymic: Κηρυκίδαι m. `descendants of the Athenian family of the Κήρυκες' (Poll.). 3. Adjectives: κηρύκειος `belonging to the herald' (S.), mostly ntr. κηρύκ(ε)ιον, Dor. κᾱρ-, Ion. κηρυκήϊον `herald's wand' (IA. Dor.; Lat. LW [loanword] cādūceum, - eus; cf. W.-Hofmann s. v.), also as constellation (Scherer Gestirnnamen 200); `auctioneer's fee, tax on auction sales' (hell. inscr. a. pap.); ΚαρυκήϜιος Boeot. name of Apollon (Tanagra, Thebes, VIa; Schwyzer 468); κηρυκικός `regarding the herald, town crier' (Pl.; Chantraine Étud. sur le vocab. gr. 135f.), - ινος `belonging to the herald' (pap., Suid.), - ώδης `like the trumpetshell' (Arist.). - Denomin. verbs: 1. κηρύσσω, - ύττω, κᾱρ- `be herald, broadcast, announce' (Il.) with κήρυγμα `herald's cry, announcement' (IA.), κηρυγμός (sch.), κήρυξις (D. C.) `id.'; 2. κηρυκεύω `function as herald, announce' (Att.) with κηρυκεία, - ηΐη `herald's service' (IA.), κηρύκευμα `announcement' (A. Th. 651), - ευσις `id.' (Suid.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Generally compared with Skt. kārú- `singer, poet'. Beekes, Languages in Prehist. Europe, 2003, 109-116 showed that Greek does not have a `enlargement' κ (as per Schwyzer 496; his examples are few and doubtful); then, in this way we could not explain the long υ; words with -ῡκ- all have very different meanings and are probably un-IE. Therefore the word is most probably Pre-Greek. - Unexplained was the gloss κορύγης κῆρυξ. Δωριεῖς H. As Pre-Greek only had the vowels α (ι, υ), it will have had *καρυγ- with α \> ο before following υ (note that this α will have been short), so it will be a variant of the same word.Page in Frisk: 1,845Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κήρυξ
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102 κλεμμύς
κλεμμύς, - ύοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `turtle' (Ant. Lib. 32, 2, H.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: For the formation cf. the synonymous χέλυς, ἐμύς. Orig. prob. foreign word, but connected with κλέμμα ( κλέπτω) because turtles can hide their body partly or completely under the armour(?). Cf. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 144: cross of ἐμύς and *κλωμός = Skt. kūrmá- `turtle' (IE?; cf. Mayrhofer KEWA s. v.) with - μμ- from κλέμμα. - Far-fetched suggestion. Fur. 131 compares κρέμυς `a fish with a very hard head' and χρέμυς ὁ ὀνίσκος ἰχθύς H.; this confims that the word is Pre-Greek. How do we know about a connection with κλέμμα? On geminates Fur. 387, where this word can be added.Page in Frisk: 1,869Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κλεμμύς
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103 κοίρανος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `ruler, commander, lord' (Il.).Compounds: rarely as 2. member, e. g. πολυ-κοίρανος `ruling many' (A. Fr. 238, lyr.) with πολυκοιρανίη `ruling many' (Rhian. 1, 10); but Β 204 = `ruling of many' with the first member as subject; the 2. member is verbal noun to κοιρανέω.Derivatives: κοιρανίδαι pl. `sons of rulers, members of the ruling house' (S. Ant. 940; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 20); κοιρανῃ̃ος and κοιρανικός `belonging to the ruling house' (late poets); κοιρανίη `dynasty' (D. P., APl.; s. above); κοιρανέω `rule' (Il.).Etymology: With κοίρανος agrees (except the middle vowel) OWNo. herjann surname of Odin; given the productivity of the no-suffix, esp. in words of this meaning (Lat. dominus: domus, Goth. Þiudans `king': Þiuda `people' etc.), the word need not be an old inheritance. But the basis is in any case common, i. e. a word for `army, fighting group' with representatives in Germanic, Baltic and Celtic, e. g. Goth. harjis `army', Lith. kãrias `id.', MIr. cuire m. `crowd, group', Gaul. Tri-, Petru-corii people's-namen ("consisting of three, resp. four tribes"), IE. *kori̯os. In Greek too the word has existed, also in proper name like Κοιρό-μαχος, Κοιρατάδας (Solmsen Glotta 1, 76ff.). - Beside IE. *kori̯os there was without i̯o- * kor(o)- in Lith. kãras `war', OPers. kāra- `army, people'. Further details in Pok. 615f., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. kãr(i)as. - In Greek κοίρανος was replaced by ἄναξ and βασιλεύς; s. vv.Page in Frisk: 1,894Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κοίρανος
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104 κρύπτω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `conceal, hide'.Other forms: fut. κρύψω, aor. κρύψαι, pass. κρυφθῆναι (Il.), - φῆναι (S.), - βῆναι (LXX), fut. - βήσομαι (E., LXX), perf. midd. κέκρυμμαι (Od.), act. κέκρυφα (D. H.), iter. ipf. κρύπτασκε (Θ 272; Risch 240), - εσκε (h. Cer. 239), late pres. κρύβω, ipf. ἔκρυβον, - φον,Derivatives: 1. κρυπτός `hid, secret(ly)' (Ξ 168; Amman Μνήμης χάριν 1, 16) with κρυπτάδιος `id.' (Il., A..; after ἀμφάδιος), κρυπτικός `concealing' (Arist., Alex. Aphr.), κρυπτίνδα παίζειν `hide-and-seek' (Theognost.); κρυπτεύω `hide' (E., X.) with κρυπτεία `secret service at Sparta' (Pl., Arist.). - 2. ( ἔγ-, ἀπό-, ἐπί-)κρύψις `hiding' (E., Arist., Plb.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 149). - 3. κρυπτήρ "hider", name of an instrument (Delos IIa, Sch.), - τήριος `serving as hiding place' (Orac. ap. Paus. 8, 42, 6), κρύπτης `member of the κρυπτεία' (E. Fr. 1126[?]). - 4. κρυφῆ, Dor. - φᾶ (Pi., S., X.), κρύφᾰ (Th.) adv. `secretly'; from it κρυφάδᾱν (Corinn.), - άδις (Hdn.), - ηδόν (Od., Q. S.), - ανδόν (H.) `id.' (Schwyzer 550, 626, 631); κρυφαῖος `secret' (Pi., Trag., LXX), κρύφασος name of a throw of the dice (Poll.; Chantraine Formation 435). - 5. κατα-, ἀπο-κρυφή `hiding place' (S., LXX); κρύφιος `secretly' (Hes., Pi., Trag., Th.; κρύφιος: κρύπτω Schulze Kl. Schr. 362), κρυφία f. `hiding place' ( PFlor. 284, 8; VIp), κρύφιμος = κρύφιος (Man.; Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 19 f.), - ιμαῖος `id.' (Ephesos IVp), - ιώδης `id.' (Eust.); ἀπό-, ἐπί-, ἔγ-, ὑπό-κρυφος `concealed' (Pi., Hdt., E.; from ἀποκρύπτω etc.), κρυφός ( κρύφος) `hiding' (Emp. 27, 3; Porzig Satzinhalte 319; LXX), `secret' (coni. Pi. O. 2, 97) ; see Georgacas Glotta 36, 164 f.; ἐγκρυφίας ἄρτος `hidden under the ashes, i. e. baked bread' (Hp.), ἐγκρυφιάζω `hide' (Ar.); κρυφιαστής `interpreter of dreams' (Aq.). - 6. κρύβδᾰ = κρύφα (Σ 168, A., Pi.), κρύβδην, Dor. -δᾱν (Od.); cf. Haas Μνήμης χάριν 133f. - 7. ( ἀπο-)κρυβή `concealment' (LXX, Vett. Val.), κρυβῆ = - φῆ (LXX); κρυβηλός κρυπτὸς [ πύργος], κρύβες νεκροί, κρυβήτας τετελευτηκότας, κρυβήσια νεκύσια, κρυβάζει ἀποκρύπτει H. To κρύπτω reminds formally and semantically καλύπτω (s. v.); the verbs may have influenced one another. On the variation π: φ: β, which can also be analogical, cf. Schwyzer 333, 705 n. 2, 737.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: But for the final labial and the vowelquantity κρύπτω agrees with Slav., e.g. OCS kryjo, kryti ' κρύπτω, ἀποκρύπτω' (Persson Stud. 51 n. 1, Meillet MSL 8, 297), which is connected with Balt., e.g. Lith. kráuju, kráuti `pile up'; on the meaning Schulze KZ 50, 275 (Kl. Schr. 621 f.). Doubtful because of the vowel is the comparison with a Balt. word for `deceive, delude', Lith. króp(i)u, krópti, Latv. krapt. Further Pok. 616f., Fraenkel Wb. s. kráuti and krópti 2., Vasmer Wb. s. krytь. - As there is no good IE etym. the word may be Pre-Greek, what seems confirmed by the frequent variation of the labial.Page in Frisk: 2,29-30Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρύπτω
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105 κύαμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `bean' (Il.), `lot (those who drew white beans won)' (Att.), metaph. `swelling of the paps' (Ruf., Poll.), `woodlouse' (Gal.), name of a coin (Taurom. Ia).Compounds: Some cornpp., e.g. κυαμο-τρώξ `bean-eater' (Ar.), ὑοσ-κύαμος `swine-bean' (Hp., X.; 1. member peiorative, also connected with ὕειν `rain', Strömberg Pflanzennamen 31 a. 155). Unclear byform κύμηχα κύαμον H. (s. Fur. 120).Derivatives: Diminut. κυάμιον (Nubien, Eust.), - ίδες fabacia (Gloss.); κυάμ-ινος `of beans' (corn., Gal.), - ιαῖος `as great as a bean' (Dsc., Luc.); κυαμ-ίας m. `stone like a bean' (Plin.; as καπνίας a. o., Chantraine Formation 94), - ίτης m. `god of beans = chairman of the beanmarket' (Paus.), - ῖτις ( ἀγορά) `beanmarket' (Plu.), cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 193 a. 108; κυαμών, - ῶνος m. `field with beans' (Thphr.) with - ωνίτης `labourer of the beanfields' (pap.; Redard 37). Denomin. verbs: κυαμεύω `choose with the lot with beans' (Att.), - ίζω `be ripe for marriage' (Ar.). Beside κύαμος also πύανος (H., Poll., Phot.; after Heliod. Hist. 3 = ὁλόπυρος) with compound Πυαν-έψια, - όψια n. pl. name of an Ion.-Att. feast, fromwhere the month-name Πυανεψιών, - οψιών; also Κυαν-εψιών, - ο-(Keos, Asia Minor) and Παν-όψια (after Lycurg. Fr. 84 non-Att.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The forms with - νεψ-, - νοψ- may have been dissimilated from - μεψ-, - μοψ-; the pair κυάμος: πύανος is diff. evaluated. After Specht KZ 69, 133 ff. *πύαμος (to IE. * pu-, * peu- `blow, swell') would be the original form, from where both κύαμος and πύανος originated. Brugmann (lastly 4 50) and Güntert Reimwortbildungen 124 f. consider, hardly probable, Πυαν-όψια, πύανος as a mixed form from Κυαν- and Παν-όψια, of which the latter from IE. ḱu̯-, "allegroform" of ḱuu̯- in κύαμος. In gen. κύαμος is considered as a foreign word (Chantraine Formation 133, Schwyzer 494, Krahe Die Antike 15, 181, Kuiper Μνήμης χάριν 1,215 w.n.19). However, κύαμος could also be IE. and be derived from κυέω, s. Bq and Strömberg Pflanzennamen 51 (but there is no IE - αμ-). - Fur., following Kuiper l.c., remarks that κυαμ- \/ κυμ-ηχ\/κ- proves the Pre-Greek character of the word. On π-\/κ- Fur. 388.Page in Frisk: 2,36-37Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κύαμος
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106 λέσχη
λέσχη Bremmer WAAR?Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `room, builing as meeting place' (σ 329, Hes.); `grave' (Rhodos); see H. Bolkestein MAWNied. 84B: 3 (1937) 18ff.Compounds: ἔλ-λεσχος `commonly talked off' (Hdt. 1, 153; from ἐν λέσχῃ), πρό-λεσχος `eager to talk' (A. Supp. 200; cf. πρό-χειρος a.o.; ἀδο-λέσχης (s.s.v.).Derivatives: λεσχήν, - ῆνος m. `chatterer' (Timo 46); λεσχην-εῖ ὁμιλεῖ, μυθολογεῖ H. - λεσχαῖος ἐξηγητής, ὁμιλητής H.; λεσχάραι οἷον αἱ σχολαί... (EM561, 17). See Solmsen Wortforsch. 124 f. - Two month names of unclear formation: Λεσχανάσιος (Tegea), Λεσχανόριος (Thessal., Gortyn); also Άπόλλων Λεσχηνόριος (from the λέσχαι which were under his protection?).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Mostly connected with λέχος, from *λέχσκᾱ. As Greek has no nomin. suffix - sk-, and as a k-suffix from the zero grade *λεχσ- is also improbable, one assumes a σκ-present *λέχ-σκ-εται (\> *λέσχεται); but there is no trace of this verb. The same formation was assumed for OHG. lëscan ' löschen' (as `lie down'); also for Celtic, e. g. OIr. lesc `lazy', where it is quite uncertain. - As the room was not for lying down, this etymology (supposing *λεσχεται really existed) is improbable. - Long ago the agreement with Hebr. liškāh was observed. This cannot be ignored. It was assumed that Greek had the word from the Near East (West, East Face 38; not the other way round, ib.), but as the word is isolated in NWSemitic, Schrader (FS Jahrh.feier Univ. Breslau, 1911, 469) already assumed that both languages had it from Anatolia, which seems the most probable interpretation. Thus Fur. 295, 257, who points out that the suffix of λεσχάραι is non-Greek; he also points to the Hebr. variant niškāh, which may point to Anat. l\/n, as in Fur. 388. Thus now Bremmer, WAAR?See also: weitere Lit. s. λέχεται.Page in Frisk: 2,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λέσχη
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107 μαστός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `nipple, motherbreast, breast', metaph. `hill, hight', also name of a beaker (Apollod. Cyren. ap. Ath. 11, 487b, Oropos, Delos); cf. Jaeger RhM 102, 337ff. (on the use in Clem. Al. and Ph.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. φιλό-μαστος `breastloving' (A.), γυναικό-μαστος (- θος) `with female breasts' (medic.), δεκά-μαζος `with ten breasts' ( Epigr. Gr.); μαστό-δε-τον n. `breast-band' (AP); cf. e.g. ἀκμό-θε-τον.Derivatives: Diminutives: μαστίον `small cup' (Oropos), μαστάριον `id.' (Delos), also `small breast' (Alciphr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The attempt to reduce μαζός, μαστός, μασθός to three different pre-forms, IE * mad-dos, * mad-tos, * mad-dhos, (Schrader KZ 30, 476; also [IE *th \> θ] Specht Ursprung 224 f., 231), does not recognise the familiar character of the word. The only late attested μασθός can be explained easily as reshaping after words with comparable meaning or associated words like στῆθος (WP. 2, 231), κύσθος, βρόχθος (s. v. sub βρόξαι). The older μαζός and μαστός can be derived with i̯o- ( do-?) resp. to-suffix from the root of μαδάω, but semantically this connection is rather non-committal, which is true also for the comparison with OHG mast `fattening, (Germ.) Eichelmast, fodder'. The nasalized form mand- `suckle, breast' (Alb. mënt `suckle, suck' posited by WP. 2, 232) is quite hypothetical; cf. W.-Hofmann s. mannus. Remote connection with the nursery word mā (s. μάμμη) is as well possible. - If the form is Pre-Greek, mazdos mastos only differ in voice: non voiced (and aspirated in masthos),which are no phonemic distinction in Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,183Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μαστός
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108 μῆνιγξ
μῆνιγξ, - ιγγοςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `skin, cuticle', esp. `cerebral membrane' (Hp., Arist., Gal.), also `cuticle in the eye' (Emp., Arist.),'drum of the ear' (Arist.).Compounds: As 1. member a. o. in μηνιγγο-φύλαξ m. indication of a chirurgical instrument (medic.).Derivatives: Dimin. μηνίγγιον (gloss.); NGr. μηνιγγῖτις f. `inflammation of the cerebral membrane', Fr. méningite (Redard 103 f.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: As so many technical and popular formations in -( ι)γγ- etymolog. unclear. Since Prellwitz μῆν-ιγγξ is referred to *mē[m] s-n-, beside which μηρός \< *mē[m] s-r-; the basis would be the word for `flesh', IE *mē[m]s- in Skt. māṃsá-, mā́s- n. etc. (s. μηρός). On the meaning cf. some Slav. words for `inner part of the skin, inner, soft skin etc.', e.g. SCr. mézdra, Sloven. mę́zdra, beside Russ. myazdrá `flesh on the inner part of the skin', to OCS męso, Russ. mjáso `flesh' (= Skt. māṃsá-; s. Vasmer s.v.). Similar Lat. membrana `thin, soft skin' from membrum `limb of the body'. - Evidently a Pre-Greek word in - ιγξ.See also: Weiteres s. μηρός.Page in Frisk: 2,228-229Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μῆνιγξ
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109 πέλαγος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `offing, high sea, sea surface, sea' (Il.); on the meaning etc. Lesky Herm. 78, 260ff.).Compounds: Rare late compp. like πελαγο-δρόμος `sailing on, flying over the sea' (Orph., PMag. Par.), εὑ-πελαγής `lying by a fair sea' (Orph.).Derivatives: πελάγ-ιος `belonging to the sea' (trag., Th., X., Arist.; after ἅλ-ιος, θαλάσσ-ιος), - ικός `id.' (Plu.), - ῖτις f. `id.' (AP); - αῖος surn. of Poseidon (Paus.; after Άγοραῖος etc.). Verbs: πελαγ-ίζω, also with ἐν-, `to form a sea, to be flooded, to be out in the open sea, to sail on the sea' (Hdt., X., Str.) with - ισμοί pl. `experiences at sea' v.t. (Alciphr.); - όομαι `to form a sea, to overflow' (Ach. Tat.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Beside πέλαγος stand with final tenuis monosyll. and w. short vowel πλάξ, - ακός f. `plain, plain of the sea etc.' (s. v.); with voiced consonant πλάγ-ιος `athwart, transvers, sloping, crooked', s.v. w. further connections, a.o. Lat. plag-a `plain, region'. A full grade disyllabic form is further not attested, but may be found with diff. suffix in πέλανος (s. v.). (Not here the `zero grades' παλάμη, παλαστή (s. vv.). On the formation of πέλαγος cf. further τέναγος, σελαγέω (Schwyzer 496). S. also Πελασγοί. - Nothing confirms the connection of this word with * pelh₂- `spread out'; the words with πλαγ\/κ- cannot phonetically be connected. So the word seems rather Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,493Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέλαγος
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110 σάλος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `turbulent movement of the sea, flushing of the waves', also `anchorage, roads' as opposed to a protected harbour (S., E., Lys., hell. a. late), metaph. of an earthquake (E. IT 46), `turbulent emotion' (LXX, Gal., Max. Tyr.; cf. ἀσαλής, σάλη below).Compounds: Some late compp., e.g. ἐπί-σαλος `exposed to the σάλος' (Secund., Peripl. M. Rubr. a.o.); prob. also in the ep. κονί-σαλος `cloud of dust' (s. κόνις). With transference to the σ-stems ἀ-σαλής `unshaken, unconcerned' (A. Fr. 319 = 634 M.) with ἀσάλ-εια f. = ἀμεριμνία, ἀλογιστία (Sophr. 113), ἀσαλεῖν ἀφροντιστῆσαι H.; to this, prob. as backformation, σάλη, σάλᾱ f. = φροντίς (Et. Gen., H.).Derivatives: Denomin.: 1. σαλεύω, also w. prefix, e.g. ἀπο-, ἐπι-, δια-, prop. of the ship `to roll (on the waves), to throw oneself about, to oscillate', trans. `to make oscillate, to shock' (Att. since A., also Hp., hell. a. late) with σάλευσις ( δια-) f. `oscillation' (Arist. a.o.), σάλευμα n. `id.' (D. Chr.). 2. σαλόομαι `to go with a rocking motion' (EM as explanation of σαλάκων). -- With velar suffix: 1. σάλαξ, - ακος m. `large sieve of mineworkers' (Arist. or Thphr. ap. Poll.), also as Att. name of a potter ( Σάλαχς; Krahe IF 57, 113), - αγξ μεταλλικὸν σκεῦος H.; σαλάκων, - ωνος m. `boaster, swaggerer, dandy' (Arist.; of the varying Ganges) with σαλακων-ία (- εία) f. (Arist., Alciphr.), - ίζω ( δια- Ar.), - ίζομαι, - εύομαι (H., Phot., Suid.); σαλάσσω ( ἐκ-) `to shake' (Nic., AP), prob. directly from σάλος after τινάσσω, ταράσσω a.o. 2. σαλαγέω = σαλάσσω, σαλεύω (Opp., Orac. ap. Luc.), σαλαγή βοή H.; cf. πατα-γέω, - σσω.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Orig. technical word of sailors language; without convincing etymology. A very doubtful hypothesis (Lat. tullius etc.) s. τύλη, τύλος. -- Furnée 256 connects θάλασσα\/* σάλασσα (s.v.) and ζάλη, ζάλος `tornado, whirlpool' and concludes that the word is Pre-Greek. This is confirmed\/shown by the suffixes - αγ-, - ακ-, - αγκ-; cf. σηλαγγεύς (s.v.). -- Lat. LW [loanword] salus, salum ?Page in Frisk: 2,673-674Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σάλος
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111 στελεά
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `shaft of an axe, hack, hammer etc.' (- ειή φ 422 and - εά Aen. Tact. `cavity for the shaft' after Bérard REGr. 68, 8f. and Pocock AmJPh 82, 346ff. with Eust., H. and EM).Other forms: - εή (A. R.), στειλειή (φ 422; v.l. Nic. Th. 387); - εόν (Aen. Tact., Babr.), στειλειόν (ε 236) n.; - εός and - ειός (Att. inscr.) m.; - εός or - εόν (hell. a. late); στειλεός (Hp. with vv. ll.), στειλειός (Aesop.), gen. - ειοῦ (Nic. Th. 387 as v. l.)Derivatives: στειλει-άριον (Eust.) and the denom. ptc. ἐστελεωμένος `provided with a shaft' (AP). -- Beside it στέλεχος n. (m.) `the end of the stem at the root of a tree, stump, log, stem, branch' (Pi., IA.; on the eaning Strömberg Theophrastea 95ff.). Some compp., e.g. πολυ-στελέχ-ης (Thphr.), - ος (AP) `with many stems' (cf. Strömberg 103 f.). From this στελέχ-ια πρέμ\<ν\>ια H., - ώδης `stem-like' (Thphr., Dsc.), - ιαῖος `serving as a stem' (Gal.), - ηδόν `according to the kind of stem' (A. R. 1, 1004 as v. l. for στοιχηδόν).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: On the formation: στελ-εά like δωρ-εά, γεν-εά, - εός, - εόν as κολ-εός, - εόν, θυρ-εός; στειλ-ειή as ἀρ-ειή, νευρ-ειή ( στειλ- metr. lengthening(?); cf. Schwyzer 469 n. 3 w. lit., Risch 120f., Chantraine Form. 51 a. 91. With στέλε-χος cf. τέμα-χος, σέλα-χος a.o. (Schwyzer 496, Chantraine 403). Both στελεά, - εός, - εόν and στέλεχος are based on an unknown, prob. nominal basis, perh. *στέλος n. (Schulze Q. 175), which fits unproblem. to Arm. steɫn, pl. steɫun-k` `stem, shaft, stalk, twig' and to Germ. words like OE stela m. `stalk of a plant', Norw. stjøl `stalk'; further s. στέλλω (with στόλος). Cf. also στήλη. -- The variation shows that the word is Pre-Greek, with a \> ε(ι) before palatal ly. Was the word *stalyaya?Page in Frisk: 2,785-786Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στελεά
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112 στρεβλός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `turned, twisted, crooked, cunning' (IA.)Derivatives: - ότης f. `crook, perversity' (Plu. a.o.). - όω, also w. δια-, κατα-, `to twist, to dislocate, to torture, to torment' (IA.) with - ωσις, - ωμα, - ωτήριος; also - ευμα n. (: *στρεβλεύω) `perversion' (Sm.). Also στρέβλη f. `winch, roll, screw', also as instrument of torture (A., Arist., Plb. etc.); formation as σμί-λη a.o., backformation from στρεβλόω or substant. of στρεβλός? -- A. With o-vowel: στρόβος m. `whirl' (A. Ag. 657, H.). From this 1. στρόβ-ῑλος m. `top, whirlwind, whirlpool, fir-cone etc.' (Att., hell. a. late; cf. ὅμ-ῖλος a.o.) with - ίλιον, - ιλίτης, - ιλέα, - ιλᾶς, - ιλεών, - ίλινος, - ιλώδης, - ιλίζω, - ιλόω (all late). 2. - ίλη f. `cone made of lint' (Hp.). 3. - εύς m. name of a fuller's instrument (sch.). 4. - εία f. `fullery?' (Delos IIIa). 5. στροβελός σοβαρός, τρυφερός; - ελόν σκολιόν, καμπύλον H. 6. στροβανίσκος τρίπους H. 7. στροβάζων συνεχῶς στρεφόμενος H. 8. στροβέω, somet. w. δια- a.o., `to turn around in circles, to move violently, to distract' (A., Ar., hell. a. late), prob. old deverbat. Here wit nasal infix στρόμβος m. `top' (Ξ 413), `whirlwind' (A. Pr. 1084), `snail-shell, snail etc.' (Arist., hell. poet.) with - ο-ειδής, - ώδης (Arist. a.o.), - εῖον, - ιλος, - ηδόν, - έω, - όω (rae a. late). -- B. With α-vowel (zero grade?): στραβός `squinting' (medic.), with - ων `id.' ( Com. Adesp.), also PN, - αξ PN, - ότης f. `squint' (Orib. a.o.), - ίζω `to squint' (H., EM) with - ισμός (Gal. a.o.). The orig. meaning still in στραβο-πόδης `with twisted feet' (Hdn.). Further στράβηλος m. f. `wild olive-tree' (Pherecr. in lyr.), name of a snail (S. Fr. 324, Arist. a.o.); στραβαλός ὁ στρογγυλίας καὶ τετράγωνος ἄνθρωπος. Άχαιοί H.; στραβεύς κωπεύς H. (Chantraine Étrennes Benveniste 17). On ἀστραβής s. v. -- C. On themselves stand some forms wit - οι-: στροῖβος δῖνος H. ( στροιβός δεινός cod.); Στροῖβος also Att. PN; πολύ-στροιβος `rich of whirls', of θάλασσα, Νεῖλος (Nic.), after πολύ-φλοισβος; from there the simplex στροῖβος etc.? Further στροι-βᾶν ἀντιστρέφειν, στροίβηλος ἔπαρμα πληγῆς ἐν κεφαλῃ̃H. Also with - ει- in Thess. Στρειβουνείοι (: *Στρείβων) ? s. Bechtel Dial. 1, 210. -- Lat. LW [loanword] strabus, strabō, strambus, also scriblĩta f. des. of a cake from *στρεβλίτης ( ἄρτος); s. W.-Hofmann s.v. and Leumann Sprache 1, 206f. (= Kl. Schr. 173).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin] (V)Etymology: As so many words in - β- the above group as a whole has a popular-expressive character. The primary verb that belongs here has an aspirate, s. στρέφω. -- I don't think that the word has anything to do with στρέφω. The word is rather Pre-Greek (note the prenasalization in στóμβος; the suffix in στραβ-αλ-, στροβ-αν-; the suffix - ιλ- is frequent in Pre-Greek. The variation α\/ο\/οι is unknown to me. None of the words is discussed by Furnée.)Page in Frisk: 2,806-807Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > στρεβλός
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113 Εὔρῑπος
ΕὔρῑποςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `straits, narrows' (X., Arist.); esp. the straits between Euboea and Boeotia (h. Ap. 222, Hdt.); later also`canal' in gen. (D. H.); `ventilator, fan' (Gal. 10, 649).Dialectal forms: Myc. Place name EwiripoDerivatives: εὑριπώδης `like straits or the Euripos' etc. (Arist.); εὑριπίδης name of a wind, blowing from the Euripos (E. Maaß KZ 41, 204 acc. to H. s. ++ ἄντος); also PN; εὑριπική ( σχοῖνος Dsc., Plin.); Εὑρίπιος Ποσειδῶν H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Prop. `with strong current', from εὖ and ῥιπή (Fick BB 22, 11). So originally the name of the straits between Euboea and Boeotia, which is well known for its stong water- and wind-currents; from there referred to other narrows, and finally used as appellative; cf. the parallel development of δέλτα. Not with Pedersen Studi baltici 4, 152 and Hofmann Et. Wb. d. Gr. to Lith. siaũras `narrow(s)' and the IE word for `water', *ā̆p-, i.e. * seuri-h₂p-o-, with * seuro- `mall'; s. Fraenkel Gnomon 22, 237. Older interpretations in Bq. Forssmann, MSS 49 (1988) 5-12 assumed * h₁uru-h₂p-o- `with broad water(s)'. In both cases the meaning does not fit (note that * h₂ep- is rather a river, or the vowel is wrong. This makes the possibility greater that the word is Pre-Greek (the long -i- in this position is typical for Pre-Greek forms, cf. Beekes. Pre-Greek s.v. -ῑβ-, -ῑγ-, ῑδ-, -ῑθ-, -ῑν-). Thus Sommer IF 55, 185 n. 1 (like Εὑρώπη, Εὑρώτας). - In the meaning of `ventilator, fan' in Gal. εὔριπος is prob. a homonym (to ῥιπή as `blow').Page in Frisk: 1,590-591Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Εὔρῑπος
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114 Κάδμος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a hero, the founder of Thebes (Od.)Other forms: \/ Κασσμος (vase Rhegium).Derivatives: Καδμεῖος, Καδμήιος (Hes.) adj.; Καδμεία `the hill of Thebes' (X.); Καδμειῶνες `the inhabitants of Thebes' (Il.); καδμεία (γῆ) `cadmia, calamine' (Dsc.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: The connection with κέκασμαι is certainly wrong. The name is found for a river in Thesprotia and for a mountain and a river in Caria So the word is without a doubt a Pre-Greek word, of unknown meaning (Beekes, Mnemosyne 42 (2004)465ff. and Kadmos, 43(2005)172f. This is confirmed by the name Καδμἶλος which has a suffix - ιλ- which is well known in Anatolia. The structure of the name agrees with that of Πάτμος, Λάτμος, Λάκμος. The gloss κάδμος δόρυ, λόφος, ἀσπίς H. finds no support. Cf. on Καδμῖλος.Page in Frisk: 1,751Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Κάδμος
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115 ζωοποιέω
ζωοποιέω (ζωός + ποιέω; N. reads w. iota subscr., but ζωοπ- is correct; s. B-D-F §26 and s. on ζῷον beg.) fut. ζωοποιήσω; 1 aor. ἐζωοποίησα (LXX; Mel., P, 101, 776), inf. ζωοποιῆσαι, pass. ἐζωοποιήθην Hm 4, 3, 7, ptc. ζωοποιηθείς (AcPlCor 2:8) (Aristot. and Theophr. et al.; Herm. Wr.; LXX; TestGad 4:6; JosAs 8:2, 10; EpArist 16; Mel.; Ath., R. 51, 22; ψυχὴ ζ. καὶ κινεῖ τὸ σῶμα Orig., C. Cels. 6, 48, 17). In other lit. (e.g., Aristot., Theophr.) ζ.=ζωογονέω in the sense of ‘propagate living creatures’. In LXX and NT① to cause to live, make alive, give life to, esp. in a transcendent senseⓐ subj. God, Christ, and Spirit; of God (ὁ θεραπεύων καὶ ζ. Theoph. Ant. 1, 7 [p. 72, 17]), who ζ. τὰ πάντα gives life to all things 1 Ti 6:13 v.l. (for ζῳογονοῦντος; cp. 2 Esdr 19:6). Esp. of dead persons who are called to life τοὺς νεκρούς (TestGad 4:6) bring the dead to life J 5:21a (cp. ins in MSchwabe, Israel Exploration Journ. 4, ’54, 249–61); cp. 21b; Ro 4:17. τὰ θνητὰ σώματα ὑμῶν 8:11. θανατοῦνται καὶ ζωοποιοῦνται Dg 5:12 (on the contrast betw. the two verbs cp. 4 Km 5:7). Christ θανατωθεὶς μὲν σαρκὶ ζῳοποιηθεὶς δὲ πνεύματι 1 Pt 3:18. Through his suffering (=‘death’; s. πάσχω 3aα) Christ gives life to the believers B 12:5 (for 7:2 s. b below). ἐν τ. Χριστῷ πάντες ζῳοποιηθήσονται 1 Cor 15:22. The Spirit is called life-giving J 6:63; (contrasted w. the letter) 2 Cor 3:6. So Christ, ὁ ἔσχατος Ἀδάμ, ἐγένετο εἰς πνεῦμα ζῳοποιοῦν 1 Cor 15:45. ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός … ἐζητήθη ἵνα ζωοποιηθῇ διὰ τῆ υἱοθεσίας (humanity) was sought (by its Father) so that it might be restored to life through adoption AcPlCor 2:7f.ⓑ of things, circumstances, words. The law cannot do so Gal 3:21. τῷ λόγῳ ζωοποιούμενοι ζήσομεν through the word we shall be kept alive and shall (really) live B 6:17b; through the Shepherd’s word ἐζωοποιήθην I feel new life Hm 4, 3, 7. ἵνα ἡ πληγὴ αὐτοῦ ζωοποιήσῃ ἡμᾶς so that his wound might give life to us B 7:2. αὐτὸς ὢν νεκρὸς δύναται ζωοποιῆσαι although it (the serpent Num 21:8f) is dead it can bestow life in typification of Christ 12:7. Baptism makes alive Hs 9, 16, 2; cp. 9, 16, 7. κολαζόμενοι χαίρουσιν ὡς ζωοποιούμενοι when they are punished they rejoice in awareness of being awakened to life Dg 5:16 (s. ὡς 3aβ).—Cp. Paul’s illustration of sprouting seed ὸ̔ σπείρεις οὐ ζῳοποιεῖται ἐὰν μὴ ἀποθάνῃ 1 Cor 15:36 (Geopon. 9, 11, 7; Herm. Wr. 9, 6).② to keep alive, sustain life of nourishing milk for a child γάλακτι ζωοποιεῖται it is kept alive with milk B 6:17a (illustrative of the divine word, s. 1b).—DELG s.v. ζώω. M-M. TW. Sv. -
116 μάκελλον
μάκελλον, ου, τό (not originally a Lat. word taken into Gk. [as Rob. 109], since it is quotable in Gk. fr. c. 400 B.C. in an ins fr. Epidaurus [GDI III/1, 3325=IG IV2/1, 102, 107; 296; 298; 301 in the form μάκελλον w. the mng. ‘enclosure, grating’]. The sense ‘meat market’ is found for the Lat. macellum Plautus and Terence+ [III/II B.C.]; the earliest Gk. ex. of μ. in this sense is SIG 783 [IG V/2, 268], 45 [I B.C.] where it is masc., μάκελλος, as also schol. on Aristoph., Eq. 137; Vi. Aesopi G 51 P.; cp. macellus in Martial, and Sahidic and Bohairic versions of 1 Cor 10:25. S. Cadbury below 134 n. 2. Elsewh. the word is neut. [so also Peshîttâ and Harclean Syriac] or the gender cannot be determined. μ. may have reëntered H. Gk. in this new sense; so Hahn 249 n. 6. For the view that μ. may be of Semitic origin [AWalde, IndogF 39, 1921, 82; B-D-F §5, 1 app.], though Doric-Ionic acc. to Varro, De Lingua Lat. 5, 146 Goetz-Schoell, s. JSchneider, TW IV 373f.—Plut., Mor. 277d; Cass. Dio 61, 18, 3 τ. ἀγορὰν τῶν ὀψῶν, τὸ μάκελλον; Vita Aesopi G 51 ὁ μάκελλος where pork is for sale; IG V/1, 149; 150; SIG 783, 45 [μάκελλος]; BCH 17, 1893, 261; 20, 1896, 126; PHerm127 [3] verso, 5) meat market, food market (s. the plan of one at Pompeii in AMau, Pompeji2 1908, 90–97, fr. here in Ltzm., Hdb. on 1 Cor 10:25. Also HCadbury, The Macellum of Corinth: JBL 53, ’34, 134–41 w. a Lat. ins found at Corinth containing the word ‘macellum’: Corinth, Results of Excavations VIII/2, ’31, no. 124; 125) τὸ ἐν μ. πωλούμενον ἐσθίειν eat what is sold in the meat market 1 Cor 10:25.—B. 365. DELG. M-M. TW. -
117 πειθός
πειθός, ή, όν (fr. πείθ[ω]) persuasive ἐν πειθοῖς σοφίας λόγοις in persuasive words of wisdom 1 Cor 2:4. The word is found nowhere but here; its attestation is extremely good (as early as P46), though it is in a context that is subject to considerable variation in detail (the situation is well reviewed in Ltzm., Hdb. ad loc.). The word is formed quite in accordance w. st. Gk. usage (cp. φειδός ‘sparing’ fr. φείδομαι), and the Gk. Fathers let it pass without comment (so Ltzm., Bachmann, Sickenberger, Herm-vSoden; Mlt-H. 78). Despite this, many (e.g. Heinrici, Schmiedel, JWeiss) reject this word because of its rarity and prefer the explanation that it originated in dittography of the ς (or perh. through an error in hearing the passage dictated): ἐν πειθοῖ σοφίας, s. πειθώ; B-D-F §47, 4; 112; W-S. §16, 3 n. 20; Rob. 157; GZuntz, The Text of the Epistles ’53, 23–25.—Rdm.2 p. 63 takes πειθοῖς as a rare genitive formation from πειθώ, influenced by the dat. πειθοῖ; the mng. then would be ‘words of persuasion from wisdom (herself)’.—DELG s.v. πείθομαι B. M-M. TW. Spicq. -
118 λῆμμα
-ατος + τό N 3 0-1-14-2-0=17 2 Kgs 9,25; Jer 23,33(bis).34.36material gain, profit Hag 2,14; burden, commission received (esp. of prophecy) Jer 23,33; oracle, word of the Lord 2 Kgs 9,25λῆμμα λόγου κυρίου the contents of the word of the Lord, the message of the Lord or an oracle, the word of the Lord Zech 9,1 -
119 ὄνομα
ὄνομα, [dialect] Aeol. and [dialect] Dor. [full] ὄνῠμα IG12(2).68.8 (Lesb.), GDI4992a iii 7 ([place name] Crete), SIG1122.8 ([place name] Selinus), Berl.Sitzb.1927.167 ([place name] Cyrene) ; [dialect] Lacon. *[full] ἔνυμα prob. in pr. nn.AἘνυμακρατίδας IG5(1).213.45
, Ἐνυμαντιάδας ib.97.20, 280.2 ; poet. also (metri gr.) [full] οὔνομα (v.infr.), which appears regularly in codd. of Hdt. (along with ὀνομάζω, as 2.50, 4.35, al.), and sts. in other [dialect] Ion. prose authors (v.l. in Hp.Prog.25, etc.), but is prob. not Ionic ; [dialect] Ion. Inscrr. have only ὄνομα, IG7.235.39 ([place name] Oropus), etc.: Hom. hasοὔνομα Od.6.194
, 9.355, Il.3.235,οὐνόματ' (α) 17.260
,ὄνομα Od.9.16
, 364, 366, 19.183,ὄνομ' (α) 4.710
et saep.:— name of a person or thing, in Hom. always of a person, exc.ἐρέω δέ τοι οὔνομα λαῶν Od.6.194
and in Od.13.248 (v. infr. II) ;Οὖτις ἐμοί γ' ὄ. 9.366
, cf. 18.5,19.183, 247; , cf. 19.409, Hes. Th. 144 : in Prose ὄνομα is used abs., by name,πόλις ὄ. Καιναί X.An. 2.4.28
, etc.: also dat., πόλις Θάψακος ὀνόματι ib.1.4.11 (v. l.) ; by name,Pl.
Ap. 21c ;ἐπ' ὀνόματος δηλοῦσθαι Plb.18.45.4
, etc. ; κατ' ὄνομα by name, Strato Com.1.14, Epigr.Gr.983.4 ([place name] Philae) ; ἀσπάζου τοὺς φίλους κατ' ὄ. each by his name, 3 Ep.Jo.14.2 ὄ. τίθεσθαι or θέσθαι τινί give one a name, Od.19.403, 406, 8.554, A.Fr. 6, Ar.Av. 810 :—[voice] Pass., ὄ. κεῖταί τινι ib. 1291 ; ὄ. ἐστι or κεῖται ἐπί τινι, X.Mem.3.14.2, Cyr.2.2.12 ; so ὄ. φέρειν or ἐπιφέρειν ἐπί τι, Arist. EN 1119a33, HA 572a11.3 ὄνομα καλεῖν τινα call one by name,εἴπ' ὄνομ', ὅττι σε κεῖθι κάλεον Od. 8.550
;καλοῦσί με τοῦτο τὸ ὄ. X. Oec.7.3
, cf. E. Ion 259, 800, Pl.Cra. 393e, etc.:—so in [voice] Pass.,ὄ. δ' ὠνομάζετο Ἕλενος S.Ph. 605
, cf. El. 694 ;ὄ. δημοκρατία κέκληται Th.2.37
;τὸ ἐναντίον ὄ. ἀφροσύνη μετωνόμασται Id.1.122
;ὄ. ἓν κεκλημένους Σικελιώτας Id.4.64
;λεγόμενοι τοὔνομα γεωργικοί Pl.Lg. 842e
; but also ; reversely, ὄνομα καλεῖν τινι give a name to, Pl.Plt. 279e, Cra. 385d ;ὄ. καλεῖν ἐπί τινι Id.Prm. 147d
;τύμβῳ δ' ὄ. σῷ κεκλήσεται.. Κυνὸς σῆμα E.Hec. 1271
;τοὔνομα προσηγορεύθη Anaxil.21.3
.II name, fame,Ἰθάκης γε καὶ ἐς Τροίην ὄνομ' ἵκει Od.13.248
;οὐδὲ θανὼν ὄνομ' ὤλεσας 24.93
; ὄ. ἔχειν or σχεῖν ἀπό τινος, Hdt.1.71, Pl.Hp.Ma. 282a ;τὸ μεγα ὄ. τῶν Ἀθηνῶν Th.7.64
;τῷ μέλλοντι χρόνῳ καταλιπεῖν ὄ. ὡς.. Id.5.16
;τοὔνομά τινος μεῖζον ἀφικνεῖται εἰς τὴν πόλιν X.An.6.1.20
;ὧν ὀνόματα μεγάλα λέγεται ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ Pl.Hp.Ma. 281c
;ὄ. μέγιστον ἔχειν Th.2.64
; ἐν ὀνόματι εἶναι to have a name, to be notable, Str.9.1.23 ;οἱ ἐν πράγμασιν ἐπ' ὀνόματος γεγονότες Plb.15.35.1
; notably,Ath.
6.240c ; τῶν δι' ὀνόματος παρασίτων ib. 241a.III a name and nothing else, opp. the real person or thing, ;βοᾶς δ' ἔτι μηδ' ὄνομ' εἴη Theoc. 16.97
; opp. ἔργον, E.Or. 454, Hipp. 502 ;περὶ ὄ. μάχεσθαι Lys.33.3
;ἐκ τῶν ὀ. μᾶλλον ἢ τῶν πραγμάτων σκέψασθαι D.9.15
; ὀνόματι διαφέρεσθαι dispute about a word, Pl.Euthd. 285a, Lg. 644a.2 false name, pretence, pretext, ὀνόματι ἐννόμῳ ξυμμαχίας under the pretence.., Th.4.60 ;μετ' ὀνομάτων καλῶν Id.5.89
;χώρα καλῶν ὀ. καὶ προσχημάτων μεστή Pl.R. 495c
, cf. Plb.11.5.4.IV in periphr. phrases, ὄ. τῆς σωτηρίας, = σωτηρία, E.IT 905, cf. ὄνομ' ὁμιλίας ἐμῆς (v. l. for ὄμμ') Id.Or. 1082 : with the names of persons, periphr. for the person,ὦ φίλτατον ὄ. Πολυνείκους Id.Ph. 1702
.2 of persons,ὄχλος ὀνομάτων Act.Ap.1.15
; ἕτερα ὀ. ἀντ' αὐτοῦ.. πέμψαι Wilcken Chr.28.19 (ii A. D.) ; in Accountancy, both of persons and things (cf. Lat. nomen), Hyp.Ath.6, 10 (both pl.), Jahresh.26 Beibl.13 (Ephes., ii A. D., pl.) ; βαρέσαι τὸ ἐμὸν ὄ. charge my account, POxy.126.8 (vi A. D.) ; τὸν τόκον τὸν ὀνόματί μου παραγραφέντα ib.513.22 (ii A. D.) ; in registers of titledeeds, etc., οἰκίας οὐ κειμένης ἐν ὀνόματι τῆς ἀποδομένης not booked under the name of the seller, PLips. 3 ii 25 (iii A. D.) ; ὀνόματι ἰδιωτικῆς under the head of private land, PCair.Preis.47.10 (iv A. D.);δικαιώματα.. ἑκάστῳ ὀνόματι παράκειται BGU113.11
(ii A. D.); in tax-receipts, ἔσχον ὀνόματος Σομτοῦς on account of S., Ostr.Bodl. ii 39 (ii A. D.), cf. PFay.85.7 (iii A. D.), etc.V phrase, expression, esp. of technical terms,ὀ. τὰ ἐν τῇ ναυτικῇ X.Ath.1.19
: generally, D.19.187.VI Gramm., word, opp. ῥῆμα (expression), Pl.Cra. 399b, cf. Ap. 17c, Smp. 198b, 199b, 221e, Isoc.9.9, 11, Arist.Rh. 1404b5, Aeschin.3.72, A.D.Synt.12.25, al., Demetr.Eloc.23, al. ; τὸ ἰλλαίνειν ὄ. the word ἰλλαίνειν, Gal.17(1).679.2 noun, opp. ῥῆμα (verb, predicate), Pl.Tht. 168b, Sph. 262a, 262b, cf. Arist.Po. 1457a10, Int. 16a19, al.; as one of five parts of speech, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.45 ; ὄ. κύριον a proper name, opp. προσηγορικόν, D.T.636.16, A.D.Pron.26.12, al. (so ὄ. alone, Ar.Nu. 681 sqq., Diog.Bab.Stoic.3.213) ; also of adjectives, S.E.M.1.222. (Cf. Goth. namo, gen. namins, Lat. nōmen, Skt. nāma.) -
120 αἴξ
αἴξ, αἰγόςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `goat' rarely m. `he-goat' (Il.). Also a waterbird (Janzén [s. below] 17), a meteor (Arist.) and a star (Aratos).Compounds: αἰπόλος `goatherd' \< *αἰγ-πολος s. s.v. πέλω (cf. Meier-Brügger Gr. Sprachw. 1, 92). αἰγί-βοτος `browsed by goats' (Od.) Unclear αἰπόλος κάπηλος παρὰ Κυπρίοις H (see Leumann Hom. W. 271ff; to be rejected Latte's corr. ἀί- = ἀεί).Derivatives: αἰγίς `goatskin', q.v.;Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [13] *h₂eiǵ-Etymology: The compounds in - ι- are unexplained (unclear Heubeck IF 69 (1963) 13-21); old is in any case the type αἰπόλος. αἴξ is cognate with Arm. ayc `goat' (i-stem); see Clackson 88-90, who reconstructs, with Meillet, *h₂eiǵ-ih₂. Zero grade is mostly supposed in Av. ī̆zaēna- `of leather', but it is not certain that it refers to the skin of a goat. If the connection is correct, the word would be IE; the word is often considered as an Anatolian loanword in both Greek and Armenian. - See A. Janzén Bock und Ziege (GHÅ 43 [1937: 5]) 9ff.and EIEC s.v. - The gloss αἶγες τὰ κύματα, Δωριεῖς H. may be a metaphor, s. αἰγιαλός. In Greek geogr. names ( Αἰγαί, Αἰγαῖος, Αἴγινα etc.) we may have not the word for `goat', Sommer IF 55, 259f. (Pre-Greek), V. Burr Nostrum mare (Würzb. Stud. zur Altertumswiss.) Stuttgart 1932. Connection with * h₂eig- as `to jump' is rejected by Mayrhofer EWAia 1, 264 as éjati had a labio-velar (also it does not mean `jump'). Not to Skt. ajá- `goat'.Page in Frisk: 1,41-42Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > αἴξ
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