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21 ἰοχέαιρα
Grammatical information: adj..Meaning: attribute of Artemis, also used as substantive (Hom.; Pi. P. 2, 9 [with shortening of the ἰ-], poet. inscr.), also of the φαρέτρα (AP 6, 9); also name of the viper (Nic. Fr. 33).Etymology: Since antiquity mostly explained as `shaking out arrows, arrow-shootress, from ἰός `arrow' and χέω, cf. δούρατ' ἔχευαν Ε 618; through learned play by Nic. referring to ἰός `poison'. The 2. member was shaped after χίμαιρα, γέραιρα a. o. (Schwyzer 452 a. 475, Chantraine Formation 104); as it never existed as an independent word, it cannot be seen whether it is derived from an ρ-stem *χέϜ-αρ (Benveniste Origines 27) or from an ν-stem ( πίειρα: πίων, πέπειρα: πέπων). - However, Heubeck Beitr. z. Namenforschung 7, 275ff. derived it (with Pisani; objections by Belardi Doxa 3, 208, Fraenkel Ling. Posn. 4, 96) from ἰός and χείρ as `who has the arrow(s) in her hand'; this is supported by Skt. formations, e. g. íṣu-hasta- `who holds an arrow in the hand', śūla-hasta- `... a lance in...'. On the formal aspects s. on χείρ (s. v.). - Not with Ehrlich Sprachgeschichte 48 as `crying (a) hunting cry' from ἰά `cry' and a verb `call' (Skt. hávate); cf. Kretschmer Glotta 4, 350. Also R. Schmitt, Dicht. u. Dichterspr. 177ff.Page in Frisk: 1,731-732Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰοχέαιρα
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22 κεντέω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `sting' (Pi.).Other forms: aor. κένσαι (Ψ 337), κεντῆσαι (Hp., κέντᾱσα Theoc. 19, 1), pass. κεντηθῆναι (Arist.) with κεντηθήσομαι (Hdt.), κεντήσω (S.), κεκέντημαι (Hp.),Derivatives: 1. κένσαι for *κέντ-σαι (Schwyzer 287) points to κεντ- (present or aorist?; s. below) of which the dental before dental gave κεσ-. Thus κεσ-τός (\< *κεντ-τός) `stitched' (ep.; Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 17); κέσ-τρον `pointed iron ' (Plin.) with κεστρωτός and κέστρωσις (H.; *κεστρόω), κέσ-τρος `kind of arrow etc.' (Plb., D. H., H.) with dimin. κεστρίον (Attica) and κέστρειον `stock of arrows (?)' (Delos IIIa); κέσ-τρα f. `sharp hammer, arrow' (S., Ph. Bel., Hero), also a fishname = σφύραινα (Ar.; after te form of the body, Strömberg Fischnamen 35); here κεστρεύς `mullet' (IA.; Bosshardt Die Nom. auf - ευς 51) and κεστρῖνος, - ινίσκος `id.' (Com.). - 2. Through reshaping after κεντ-έω (not with ρο-suffix as Fraenkel KZ 42, 118 n. 1) rose κέντρον `sting', as geometrical term. techn. `resting bone of a compass, center of a cirkel' (Il.), with many compounds and derivv., e. g. κεντρ-ηνεκής `driven by the sting' (Il.; cf. with diff. function δουρ-, ποδ-ηνεκής); subst. κέντρων s. v.; adj. like κεντρικός, κεντρώδης, κεντρήεις; fish- and plant names as κεντρίνης, κεντρίσκος, κεντρίτης (Strömberg Fischnamen 47, Redard Les noms grecs en - της 83, 111); denomin. verbs κεντρόω `with a sting, sting' (IA), κεντρίζω `sting' (X.); from κέντρον as backformation κέντωρ m. `goader, driver' (Il., AP; Fraenkel Glotta 2, 32). - 3. From κεντέω ( κεντῆ-σαι, - σω): κέντημα `the sting, the mosaic' (Arist., inscr. Smyrna [Rom. Emp.]), κεντητής `mosaic-worker' ( Edict. Diocl.), κεντητήριον `picker' (Luc.), κεντητικός `stingy' (Thphr.), κεντητός `stitched, with mosaic' (Epikt., pap.). - 4. With old ablaut κοντός m. "the stinger", `pole, crutch, staf to drive on cattle' (ι 487; LW [loanword] Lat. contus with percontor) with κοντά-κιον, - άριον, - ίλος, - ωτός a. o.; here κοντός `short' (Adam.) from κοντο-μάχος, - βόλος, - βολέω, where κοντός was taken as `short'; thus in κοντο-πορεία (Plb.), s. Hatzidakis Festschrift Kretschmer 35ff.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [567] *ḱent- `sting'Etymology: To the sigmatic aorist κένσαι \< *κέντ-σαι was after unknown example a present κεντ-έω created (cf. Schwyzer 706), to which came κεντῆ-σαι, κεντή-σω etc. - Other languages have only isolated nominal formations: OHG hantag `pointed', deriv. from PGm. * handa- (formally = κοντός), Latv. sīts `hunting spear' (= Lith. *šiñtas \< IE. *ḱentos- n.?), and some Celtic words, e. g. Bret. kentr `spur', Welsh cethr `nail', but these are all prob. loans from Lat. centrum. - See W.-Hofmann 2, 423, Pok. 567.Page in Frisk: 1,820-821Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεντέω
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23 πειράω
Aἐπείρων Th.4.25
: [tense] fut. - άσω [pron. full] [ᾱ] ib.9, 43 : [tense] aor. , Ar.Eq. 517, Th.6.54 : [tense] pf.πεπείρᾱκα Luc.Am.26
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. ἐπειράθην [pron. full] [ᾱ] Th.6.54; cf. πειράζω.B more freq. in [voice] Med. [full] πειράομαι, Il.2.193, 24.390, etc.: [tense] fut. - άσομαι [pron. full] [ᾱ] S.OC 959, etc.; [dialect] Dor. [ per.] 2pl.πειρασεῖσθε Ar.Ach. 743
, cf. Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.94; laterπειρᾱθήσομαι Gp.12.13.12
: [tense] aor. ἐπειρᾱσάμην, [dialect] Ion. ἐπειρησάμην, Od.8.120, Hdt.7.135, Th.2.44,al.; but [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. ἐπειρήθην, [dialect] Att. ἐπειράθην [pron. full] [ᾱ], found in med. sense, Il.19.384, al., Hdt.3.152,al., Th.2.5 (v.l.), 33, 6.92, and in later Prose: [tense] pf. πεπείρᾱμαι, [dialect] Ion. - ημαι, Od.3.23, Pi.Fr. 110, Hdt.9.46, S.Fr. 584, Antipho 5.1, etc.: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] plpf.ἐπεπείραντο D.C.Fr.24.3
, [dialect] Ion.ἐπεπειρέατο Hdt. 7.125
. (From πεῖρα.)A [voice] Act., attempt, endeavour, try, c. inf.,μήτε τις.. πειράτω διακέρσαι ἐμὸν ἔπος Il.8.8
; ;π. ἐς τὴν Μηδικὴν ἐσβάλλειν Hdt.6.84
, cf. Ar.V. 1025, al.: folld. by ὡς .., Il.4.66, Od.2.316, etc.; by ὅπως .., 4.545 : c. Adj. neut.,πολλὰ πειρῶντες Th.6.38
;πάντα Plu. 2.1122b
: with inf. understood, Th.7.32.II c. gen. pers., make trial of one, μή μευ πειράτω, for the purpose of persuading, Il.9.345, cf. 24.433; of things,τευχέων A.R.3.1249
: in hostile sense, make an attempt on,μήλων πειρήσοντα Il.12.301
, Od.6.134; οὐ πειρᾶν τῆς πόλιος, πρὶν .. Hdt.6.82;π. τοῦ χωρίου Th.1.61
;Νισαίας Id.4.70
;ἀλλήλων Id.7.38
;νυμφείας εὐνᾶς Pi.N.5.30
.III abs., ναυσὶ π. make an attempt by sea, Th.4.25; π. ἐπὶ τὴν κώμην ib.43.IV c. acc. rei, experience,τύχης ἐπήρειαν Luc.Am.46
.2 c. acc. pers., make an attempt on a woman's honour, Ar.Eq. 517 (ubiv. Sch.), Pl. 150, 1067, Lys.1.12, X. Cyr.5.2.28, etc.:—[voice] Pass., , cf. Pl. Phdr. 227c ; v. infr. B. IV, cf.πεῖρα 11
.B more freq. in [voice] Med., c. inf., try to do, Il.4.5, Hdt.5.71, 6.138, al., Ar.Pl. 459, X.Oec.6.2, Lys. 12.64, Isoc.3.41, Pl. Tht. 186b : c. [tense] fut. inf., J.AJ17.8.4 : the inf. is sts. understood, πειρήσεται (sc. ἀλύξαι) Od.4.417 : folld. by εἰ, Il.13.806, Pl.Phd. 95b;πειρήσεται αἴ κε θέῃσιν Il.18.601
; by ἐάν or ἄν, A.Pr. 327, Pl.Lg. 638e; by μὴ .., lest.., Od.21.394; by ὅπως .., X.An.3.2.3 : c. part., freq. in Hdt.,ἐπειρᾶτο ἐπιών 1.77
; προσβαίνων ib.84;π. βιώμενοι 4.139
;π. ἀποσχίζων 6.9
, cf. 5,50, 7.139, al.;π. σκοπῶν Pl. Tht. 190e
<*> c. neut. Adj., τὰ μεγάλα καὶ τὰ μικρὰ π. X.Cyr.1.5.14.II most freq. (V.A. 11) c. gen.,1 c. gen. pers., make trial of one, Il.10.444, Od.13.336, etc.; νῦν σεῦ, ξεῖνε, ὀΐω πειρήσεσθαι, εἰ .. 19.215;ἕο αὐτοῦ ἐν ἔντεσι.. εἰ οἷ ἐφαρμόσσειε Il.19.384
; with gen. not expressed,ἔπεσιν πειρήσομαι 2.73
; ἦ πρῶτ' ἐξερέοιτο ἕκαστά τε πειρήσαιτο test him in each particular, Od.4.119 (v.l. μυθήσαιτο) ; π. θεοῦ make trial of, tempt a god, Hdt.6.86. γ, cf. A.Ag. 1663 (troch.): in hostile sense,πρὶν πειρήσαιτ' Ἀχιλῆος Il.21.580
(with acc. cogn. addedἀέθλους.. ἐπειρήσαντ' Ὀδυσῆος Od.8.23
): freq. in Hdt., esp. ἀλλήλων πειρᾶσθαι, as ; , etc.; π. τῆς Πελοποννήσου make an attempt on it, Hdt.8.100;π. τοῦ τείχους Th.2.81
.2 c. gen. rei, make proof or trial of..,σθένεος Il. 15.359
;ἥβης 23.432
; χειρῶν καὶ σθένεος π., ἢ.. ἦ .. Od. 21.282; try one's chance at or in a work or contest,ἔργου 18.369
; ἀέθλου, ἀέθλων, Il.23.707, Od. 8.100, etc.; παλαιμοσύνης ib. 126; make proof of, try a weapon,τόξου 21.159
, 180; νευρῆς ib. 410 (but [ὀϊστοί,] τῶν τάχ' ἔμελλον πειρήσεσθαι arrows whose force they were soon to make trial of, i. e. feel, ib. 418); also, make proof of, have experience of, esp. in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., first in Hes., ;οὐ πεπειρημένοι πρότερον [οἱ] Αἰγύπτιοι Ἑλλήνων Hdt.4.159
, cf. Pl.Phd. 118; πειρασάμενος ἀγαθῶν, δουλείας, Th.2.44, 5.69, cf. Antipho 5.1;κακῶν D.18.253
; ὀρφανίας π., i.e. to be an orphan, Phalar. Ep.49; but π. τινὸς μετρίου find him moderate by experience or on trial, Plu. Aem.8, cf. Arat.43; also, πεπείρανται ὅτι .. Lys.27.2.3 abs., try one's fortune, try the chances of war,αἴ κε θεὸς πειρώμενος ἐνθάδ' ἵκηται Il.5.129
; πειρώμενος ἢ ἐν ἀέθλῳ ἠὲ καὶ ἐν πολέμῳ making trial of one's powers, 16.590; Ἕκτορι πειρηθῆναι ἀντιβίην, ἢ.. ἦ .. to try one's fortune against him, 21.225; περὶ δ' αὐτῆς πειρηθήτω (sc. τῆς ἵππου) let him try for her, as a prize, 23.553.III make a trial or put a matter to the test,ἐν σοὶ πειρώμεθα Pl.Phlb. 21a
: c. dat. modi,ἐγχείῃ πειρήσομαι Il.5.279
; ἐπειρήσαντο πόδεσσι tried their luck in the foot-race, Od.8.120, cf. 205;σφαίρῃ 8.377
; also π. σὺν ἔντεσι, σὺν τεύχεσι π., Il.5.220, 11.386 : but in [tense] pf., οὐδέ τί πω μύθοισι πεπείρημαι I have not tried myself, have not found my skill, in words, Od.3.23 : abs.,ὁ πειραθεὶς πιστεύσει X.Eq.Mag.1.16
; πεπειραμένος σαφῶς οἶδα by experience, Id.Hier.2.6.IV c. acc. pers., make an attempt on (V.A.IV.2),Διὸς ἄκοιτιν Pi.P.2.34
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24 χρίω
Aχρῖον Od.4.252
, alsoχρίεσκε A.R.4.871
: [tense] fut. : [tense] aor.ἔχρῑσα Od.10.364
, etc., [dialect] Ep.χρῖσα Il.16.680
, Od.4.49: [tense] pf. , al.:—[voice] Med., [tense] fut.χρίσομαι Od.6.220
: [tense] aor. part. χρῑσάμενος ib.96, Hes.Op. 523, etc.:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut.χρισθήσομαι LXXEx.30.32
: [tense] aor. , Achae.10: [tense] pf.κέχρῑμαι Hdt.4.189
, 195, Magnes 3, etc., later : [tense] plpf. ἐκέχριστο f. l. in X.Cyr.7.1.2; [ per.] 3pl.ἐκέχριντο Callix.2
. [Even in [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. ι is long, Od.21.179 ([etym.] ἐπι-χρῑοντες), Il.23.186, S.Tr. 675, etc.; χρῐει only in late Poets, as AP6.275 (Noss.): in [tense] fut. and all other tenses [pron. full] ῑ without exception, whence the proper accent. is χρῖσαι, κεχρῖσθαι, χρῖσμα, etc.:—touch the surface of a body slightly, esp. of the human body, graze, hence,I rub, anoint with scented unguents or oil, as was done after bathing, freq. in Hom.,λόεον καὶ χρῖον ἐλαίῳ Od.4.252
;ἔχρισεν λίπ' ἐλαίῳ 3.466
;λοέσσαι τε χρῖσαί τε 19.320
; of a dead body,χρῖεν ἐλαίῳ Il.23.186
; anoint a suppliant, Berl.Sitzb.1927.170 ([place name] Cyrene); πέπλον χ. rub or infect with poison, S.Tr. 675, cf. 689, 832 (lyr.): metaph.,ἱμέρῳ χρίσασ' οἰστόν E.Med. 634
(lyr.);οὐ μέλανι, ἀλλὰ θανάτῳ χ. τὸν κάλαμον Plu.2.841e
:—[voice] Med., anoint oneself, Od.6.96;κάλλεϊ ἀμβροσίῳ οἵῳ.. Κυθέρεια χρίεται 18.194
, cf. Hes.Op. 523;ἐλαίῳ Gal.6.417
;ἐκ φαρμάκου Luc. Asin.13
: c. acc. rei, ἰοὺς χρίεσθαι anoint (i. e. poison) one's arrows, Od.1.262:—[voice] Pass.,χρίεσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου Hdt.3.124
; βακκάριδι κεχριμένος Magnes l. c.;συκαμίνῳ τὰς γνάθους κεχριμέναι Eub.98.3
: metaph., .2 in LXX, anoint in token of consecration,χ. τινὰ εἰς βασιλέα 4 Ki.9.3
;εἰς ἄρχοντα 1 Ki.10.1
;εἰς προφήτην 3 Ki.19.16
; alsoχ. τινὰ τοῦ βασιλεύειν Jd.9.15
: c. dupl. acc.,χ. τινὰ ἔλαιον Ep.Heb.1.9
.II wash with colour, coat,αἰγέαι κεχριμέναι ἐρευθεδάνῳ Hdt.4.189
; πίσσῃ ib. 195, cf. Inscr.Délos 442A 188 (ii B. C.);ἀσφάλτῳ X.Cyr.7.5.22
([voice] Pass.);στοάν Supp.Epigr.4.268
(Panamara, ii A. D.):—[voice] Med., τὸ σῶμα μίλτῳ χρίονται smear their bodies, Hdt.4.191. -
25 δέχομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `take, accept, receive etc.' (Att.)Other forms: δέκομαι (Ion. Aeol. Cret.), aor. δέξασθαι (Il.). 3. pl. δέχαται (Μ 147), ep. aor. ptc. δέγμενος, ind. ἐδέγμην etc., (metr. determined), προτί-δεγμαι προσδέχομαι H. (cf. Debrunner ΜΝΗΜΗΣ ΧΑΡΙΝ 1, 77ff.; on the analogical aspirata c.q. media s. Schwyzer 772 and 769 n. 6).Derivatives: - δόκος as second member in comp. (Il.; also Att.), e. g. ἰο-δόκος `receiving arrows' (ep.), δωρο-δόκος `accepting presents, corruptable' (Att.); also the simplex δοκός `beam' (s. v.); δοχός `container' (Thphr., H.). δοκάν θήκην H.; also in ἀν-δοκά `surety' (Cret.), ἐσ-δοκά `taking over' (Arc.) etc., ( ἀνα-, ἐκ- etc.) δοχή (Att.) with δοχαῖος (Nic.), δοχικός (Pap.); ἀνδοκεύς `guarantor' (H.; Dor., cf. E. Kretschmer Glotta 18, 91); ( ἐκ-, ὑπο- etc.) δοχεύς `receiver etc.' (hell. and late); πανδοκεύς `inn-keeper' (retrograde formation, cf. Boßhardt 57); to δοχεύς: ( ἐκ-, ὑπο- etc.) δοχεῖον `container' (hell. and late). ( ἀπό-, ἔκ- etc.) δέξις `reception' (Hdt.) with δέξιμος `acceptable' (pap.). ( ἐκ-, δια- etc.) δέκτωρ `who undertakes' (A.). ( ἀπο-)δεκτήρ `intaker', an official (X.) with the fem. δέκτρια (Archil.). δέκτης `beggar' (δ 248); ἀπο-, ὑπο-δέκτης `intaker' (Att. hell. and late; with ( ἀνα-, ὑπο- etc.) δεκτικός `prepared to adopt' (Arist.); ὑποδέξιος `id.' (Hdt.), ὑποδεξί̄η `friendly reception' (Ι 73). ἀρι-δείκετος, δεξαμενη `watercollector' (ptc. δεξαμένη with oppos. accent) - δόκιμος, δόχμη s. v.; δόκανα, δοκάνη s. δοκός. - Deverb. δοκέω ( δοκεύω, δοκάζω), προσ-δοκάω (s. vv.). On δεκανᾶται ἀσπάζεται H. s. δηδέχαται. On δεκάζω (from δεκάς) s. δέκα.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [189] *deḱ- `take, accept'Etymology: Several forms IE deḱ-, doḱ- which can be combined with δέκομαι. E.g. Lat. decet `it is fitting' with decus n. (= Skt. *dáśas- in daśas-yáti `honour', MIr. dech `the best'; cf. also δεξιός), dignus, doceō etc.; δέκομαι therefore prop. `consider something as fitting, gern aufnehmen'? - From Armenian here primary tesanem, aor. tesi `see'?; cf. δοκεύω. - Uncertain Arm. ǝncay `gift', Toch. A täk- `judge', tāskmāṃ `similar', B tasemane `id.', and Slavic and Germanic words, e. g. OCS dešǫ, desiti `find' (s. δήω), OHG gi-zehōn `order'. - Isolated is Skt. dāś-noti, dā́ṣṭi, dā́śati `bring a sacrifice, honour', s. δηδέχαται. (Impossible is connection with Skt. átka- `mantle'.) - From Greek here δεξιός, from the zero grade of an s-stem ( decus) *deḱs- with adverbial loc. *deḱsi `right'; s. δεξιός. - S. Pok. 189ff.; and Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. dẽšinas, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. desitь.Page in Frisk: 1,373-374Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δέχομαι
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26 ὠκύς
ὠκύς [pron. full] [ῠ], ὠκεῖα, ὠκύ, gen. έος, είας, έος: [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. fem. ὠκέᾰ, as always in Il.,2.786, al. (in the formula ὠκέα Ἶρις), cf. Hes.Th. 780; in Od., only in 12.374 (A v.l. ὠκύς): fem. pl.ὠκεῖαι Od.7.36
; [dialect] Ep. gen.ὠκειάων 9.101
, Il.4.500, etc.; fem.ὠκύς Jo.Gaz.Ecphr.1.240
, v.l. ( ἐν πολλοῖς Sch.) in Od.12.374:—quick, swift, fleet,κιχάνει τοι βραδὺς ὠκύν Od.8.329
; mostly of persons, freq. with πόδας added, specially of Achilles, Il.1.58, etc.; also ὠκὺς Ἀχ., without πόδας, 21.211, 22.188; so ὠκέα, of Iris, 2.786, al. (ὦκα δὲ Ἶ. shd. be read for ὠκέα δ' Ἶρις, 23.198); of animals, [ἴρηξ] ὤκιστος πετεηνῶν 15.238
, cf. 21.253;ἵπποι 8.88
;ἔλαφοι Od.6.104
; also of things, esp. of ships, Il.8.197, Od.7.36; of arrows, Il.5.106, 112, al.;ὠ. πτέρυξ Pi.P.1.6
;αἰετός Id.N.3.80
;ἴτ' ἆσσον ὠκεῖς S.Ant. 1215
, cf. E.Ba. 452, etc.; (eleg.), cf. Od.8.331 ([comp] Sup.); of the sun,ὠ. ἠέλιος Mimn.11.5
, AP7.466 (Leon.): alsoὠκὺ νόημα h.Merc.43
, cf. Od.7.36;θνατῶν φρένες ὠκύτεραι Pi.P.4.139
; πρᾶξις, γάμος, ib.9.67, 114 ([comp] Sup.);ὠκεῖαι χάριτες γλυκερώτεραι AP10.30
: quickness, sharpness,E.
Fr. 1032;ὤκιστος τῇ ἀκοῇ Ael.NA6.63
.2 of sound, shrill, ἀοιδαί, of the creaking of door-hinges, A.R.4.42.II Adv.- έως Pi.P.3.58
, N.10.64, Parth.2.6, Luc.Salt.19; cf. ὦκα: once neut. ὠκύ as Adv.,ὣς ἔπεσ' Ἕκτορος ὠκὺ χαμαὶ μένος Il.14.418
(v.l. ὦκα, v. Sch.).III degrees of Comparison, regul. [comp] Sup.ὠκύτατος Od.8.331
, Pi.P.9.114: irreg. [comp] Sup.,ὤκιστος πετεηνῶν Il. 15.238
, 21.253;ὤκιστος ὄλεθρος 22.325
; [ καιρός] A.Th.65. Adv.ὤκιστα Od.22.77
, 133, A.R.4.242.—The word is mostly [dialect] Ep., being used once by A. and once by S., but more freq. in E.; also in late Prose, as Aret.SA2.3 ([comp] Comp.), Ael. l.c., Luc.Herm.77. -
27 ἆίσσω
ἆίσσω (ᾶ except ὑπαίξει, Il. 21.126), aor. ἤῖξα (ἆίξω, ἆῖξαι, ἆίξᾶς), ἆίξασκον, mid. aor. ἆίξασθαι, pass. ἠίχθην, άῖχθήτην: speed, dart, spring; of persons, animals, birds flying, and of inanimate things (arrows, a beam of light, ‘fluttering’ mane of horses); of the shades of the dead ‘flitting’ to and fro; freq. the part. w. another verb of motion, βῆ ἆίξᾶσα, άίξαντε πετέσθην, Il. 15.150, and conversely, ἤῖξε πέτεσθαι, ‘darted away’ in flight, Il. 21.247; often of hostile movements, ἀντίος ἆίξᾶς, φασγάνῳ, ‘with his sword,’ etc.; met., of the mind, νόος ἆνέρος, Il. 15.80 (cf. πτέρον ἠὲ νόημα, Od. 7.36).A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἆίσσω
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28 κλάζω
κλάζω, aor. ἔκλαγξα, perf. part., w. pres. signif., κεκληγώς, pl. κεκλήγοντες: scream, properly of birds, Il. 16.429; then of animals, Od. 14.30; applied also to warriors and to men under other circumstances, Il. 5.591, Od. 12.256, Il. 2.222; to things, as arrows, the wind, etc., Il. 1.46, Il. 17.88, Od. 12.408. The verb may be translated according to the context in the several passages, but its original and proper application shows its force. Cf. κλαγγή.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > κλάζω
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29 ὀιστεύω
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ὀιστεύω
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30 Φιλοκτήτης
Φιλοκτήτης: Philoctētes, son of Poeas, from Meliboea in Thessaly. A famous archer, he possessed the bow and arrows of Heracles, without which Troy could not be taken. On the way to Troy he was bitten by a serpent in the island of Chryse, near Lemnos, and the Greeks left him behind sick in Lemnos, Il. 2.718, , γ 1, Od. 8.219.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > Φιλοκτήτης
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31 αἰχμή
2 generally, point, of arrows, τοξουλκὸς αἰ. A.Pers. 239; ἀγκίστρου, κεράων, Opp.H. 1.216, C.2.451.II spear, Il.12.45, etc.; δαμασίμβροτος αἰ. Pi.O. 9.79; πρὸς τὴν αἰχμὴν ἐτράπετο took to his spear, Hdt.3.78; αἰχμῇ εἷλε with the spear, i.e. in war, Id.5.94; otherwise rare in Prose, X.Cyr. 4.6.4.b metaph. of the trident of Poseidon, A.Pr. 925.3 war, battle, κακῶς ἡ αἰ. ἑστήκεε the war went ill, Hdt.7.152; παρμένοντας αἰχμᾷ standing their ground in battle, Pi.P.8.40; θηρῶν with wild beasts, E.HF 158.4 metaph. of plague, sharpness, βρωτῆρας αἰ. A.Eu. 803.III warlike spirit,αἰ. νέων θάλλει Terp.6
;θρέψε δ' αἰχμὰν Ἀμφιτρύωνος Pi.N.10.13
; γυναικὸς αἰ. a woman's temper, A.Ag. 483 (lyr.), cf. Ch. 630 (lyr.; but perh. = rule, cf.Pr. 406). (Cf. Lith. jiešmas 'spit'.) -
32 κατακλείς
κατα-κλείς, εῖδος, or [full] κατάκλεις, ειδος, [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. [suff] κατα-κληΐς, ηῖδος, ἡ,A instrument for shutting or fastening doors, distd. from the bolt ([etym.] μοχλός ) and bolt-pin ([etym.] βάλανος), Ar.V. 154, IG11(2).158A 65 (Delos, iii B.C., pl.); αἱ κ. τῶν ἀξόνων linch-pins, prob.l.in D.S.17.53.3 κατακληΐς βελέμνων case for arrows, quiver, Call.Dian.82; cap or case fitted to an engine, Bito 59.3; also, socket for the arrow in the γαστραφέτης, Id.62.9.4 pl., locks on a canal, PPetr.2p.43 (iii B.C.).II = ἀκρώμιον, Heliod. ap. Orib.48.48.1, Sor.2.62, Gal.2.766.2 first rib, Id.18(2).956.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κατακλείς
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33 πέτομαι
Aπέτεαι Anacr.9
: [tense] impf. ἐπετόμην, [dialect] Ep. πετ- Il.5.366, etc.: [tense] fut. , cf. 1126 ( ἀπο-); shortd. πτήσομαι (ἐκ-) Id.V. 208, and always in early Prose, ( ἀνα-) Pl.Lg. 905a, al., Aeschin.3.209, ( ἐπι-) Hdt.7.15 (mostly in compds., but πτήσεσθαι in later Prose, Lib.Or.2.27): [tense] aor. ἐπτόμην, inf.πτέσθαι S.OT17
; elsewh. in compds., ( ἐπι-) Il.4.126, (ἀν-) Antipho Fr.58, etc.; freq. also ἐπτάμην, Il.13.592, E.Hel.18, ( παρ-) Semon.13, (ἐς-) Hdt.9.100; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.πτάτο Il.23.880
, inf. πτάσθαι ( δια-) E.Med.1, part.πτάμενος Il.5.282
, 22.362, etc. (in codd. of Pl. forms of ἐπτόμην in compds. predominate over those from ἐπτάμην; δι-έπτατο is found in codd. of Ar. V. 1086, ἐκ-πτόμενος folld. byκατ-έπτατο Id.Av. 788
sq.; ἀν-επτάμαν is prob. in S.Aj. 693 (lyr.), προς-έπτατο ib. 382); subj. πτῆται for πτᾶται, Il.15.170: also [tense] aor. of act. form ἔπτην, ἔπτης, IG14.2550, Luc. Trag.218,ἔπτη Batr.208
, Nonn.D.2.223, al., Anacreont.22.3 ; opt.πταίης AP5.151
(Mel.); part. , Hdn.Gr.1.532; elsewh. only in compds., (δι-) IG3.1386, (ἐξ-) Hes.Op.98, (ἀν-) S.Ant. 1307, E.Med. 440, ( προς-) A.Pr. 115, ( ὑπερ-) S.Ant. 113 (Trag. only in lyr.): [tense] pf. πέπτηκα only as a coinage in Choerob. in Theod.2.79, elsewh. πεπότημαι (v. ποτάομαι): [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. ( εἰς-), LXX Ps.17(18).10, Ho.9.11 (ἐξ-), Sotion p.186 W., D.S.4.77 (ἐξ-): [tense] fut. [voice] Pass.πετασθήσομαι LXX Hb.1.8
.—The only [tense] pres. in Hom. and [dialect] Att. Prose is πέτομαι; [full] πέταμαι is used by Sapph.Supp.10.8, Simon. 30, Pi.P.8.90, N.6.48, E. Ion 90 (anap.), AP11.208 (Lucill.), and in later Prose, as Arist.IA 709b10, HA 609a14 ( περι-), cf. Moer.p.311 P.; noted as archaic by Luc.Pseudol.29: [tense] aor. imper.πέτασσαι Anacreont. 14.2
; [full] ἵπταμαι (q. v.) is first found in late writers, Mosch.3.43, Babr. 65.4, etc. (mostly in compds., cf. ἐξίπταμαι; ἀφίπτατο in E.IA 1608 is spurious), and is censured by Luc.Lex.25, Sol.7 :— fly, of birds, Il. 12.207, 13.62, Od.2.147, etc.; of bees, gnats, etc., Il.2.89, Hdt.2.95; of a departing spirit,ψυχὴ ἐκ ῥεθέων πταμένη Ἄϊδόσδε βεβήκει Il.22.362
;ἐκ μελέων θυμὸς πτάτο 23.880
: metaph., of young children, ; also of arrows, javelins, etc., Il.20.99, etc.; ὀλοοίτροχος.. ἀναθρῴσκων π. 13.140 (but ἐκ χειρῶν ἔπτατ' ἐρετμά, τεύχεα fell suddenly.., Od.12.203, 24.534); of any quick motion, dart, rush, of men, Il.13.755, 22.143, etc.; of horses,μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν, τὼ δ' οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην 5.366
, cf. 768, etc.; of chariots, Hes.Sc. 308; of dancers, E.Cyc.71 (lyr.); πέτον fly! i.e. make haste! Ar.Lys. 321; ἔχρην πετομένας ἥκειν πάλαι ib.55 ;πολλοὶ ἥξουσι πετόμενοι Pl.R. 567d
, cf. 467d; πέτονται.. ἐπὶ ταῦτ' ἄκλητοι, of parasites, Antiph.229.II metaph. and proverbial usages:—to be on the wing, flutter, of uncertain hopes, ἐξ ἐλπίδος π. Pi.P.8.90; π. (lyr.); of fickle natures, ; ἐφ' ἕτερον π. Ar.Ec. 899; ὄρνις πετόμενος a bird ever on the wing, Id.Av. 169; πετόμενόν τινα διώκεις 'you are chasing a butterfly', Pl.Euthphr.4a, cf. Arist.Metaph. 1009b38; of fame, fly abroad,πέταται τηλόθεν ὄνυμ' αὐτῶν Pi.N.6.48
.2 c. dat., πτάμενος νοήματι flying in mind, Id.Fr.122.4. (Cf. πίπτω, Skt. pátati 'fly', 'fall', Lat. prae-pes, etc.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πέτομαι
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34 φόνος
A murder, slaughter,τεύξασα πόσει φόνον Od.11.430
; ;φ. ῥάπτειν 16.379
;μερμηρίζειν 2.325
;ὁρμαίνειν 4.843
;σμικρῇσι φόνον φέρει ὀρνίθεσσι Il. 17.757
, etc.;φόνον πράσσειν Pi.N.3.46
;ἀκούσιον φ. ἐξεργάσασθαι Pl. Lg. 869a
;βουλεῦσαί τινι S.Aj. 1055
;ἔθου φόνον Id.OC 542
(lyr.);ἐκπορίζειν E. Ion 1114
; of arrows,φ. προπέμπειν S.Ph. 105
; τὸν Δωριέος πρὸς Ἐγεσταίων φόνον ἐκπρήξασθαι exact vengeance for the killing.., Hdt.7.158; κατὰ ζῴων φόνου καὶ μὴ φόνου ὧδε ἔχει killing or not-killing, Democr.257; in poet. phrases, φ. συρίζειν, κινύρεσθαι, πνεῖν, A.Pr. 357 (s. v.l.), Th. 123 (lyr.), Ag. 1309; φ. τινός the murder of.., Id.Eu. 580, etc.; φ. Ἑλληνικὸς μέγιστος slaughter of Greeks, Hdt.7.170;ὅμαιμος αὐθέντης φ. A.Eu. 212
; ; πολύκερως, ἄρνειος φ., Id.Aj. 55, 309;ἐπὶ φόνῳ πράσσεις φόνον E.Or. 1579
, cf. HF 1084 (lyr.);γέρων φ. μηκέτ' ἐν δόμοις τέκοι A.Ch. 805
(lyr.), etc.;ὁ ὑπὸ Θήβης Ἀλεξάνδρον φ. Plu.2.856a
;ὁ κατὰ τῶν πολιτῶν φ. D.S.19.8
: pl.,φόνοι τ' ἀνδροκτασίαι τε Od.11.612
(personified in Hes.Th. 228);ἔμφυλοι φ. ἀνδρῶν Thgn.51
, cf. S.OC 962.2 in law, murder, homicide, δικάζειν τοὺς βασιλέας αἰτιῶν φόνου Lex Dracontis ap.IG12.115.12; ;δικάζειν δίκας φόνου Id.5.11
;παραδοῦναι φόνου δίκην Id.6.42
;ἁλῶναι Id.5.59
, etc.;φεύγειν Lycurg. 133
(poet., παίδων φόνον φεύγουσα fleeing from.. E.Med. 795); ἔνοχοι ;φόνου ὑπόδικος D.54.25
; φόνου καθαρός, ἁγνός, Pl.R. 451b, Lg. 759c:ἀκούσιος φ. D.23.72
;φόνων ἀπέχεσθαι Ar.Ra. 1032
(anap.);αἱ τῶν φ. δίκαι Pl.Lg. 778d
; φόνοι.. φόνοις δεόμενοι καθαίρεσθαι ib. 870c, al.; λαγχάνονται αἱ τοῦ φ. δίκαι πρὸς [τὸν βασιλέα] Arist.Ath.57.2.3 death as a punishment,φ. προκεῖσθαι δημόλευστον S.Ant.36
.4 blood when shed, gore,ἂμ φόνον, ἂν νέκυας Il.10.298
;κέατ' ἐν φόνῳ 24.610
;ἐρευγόμενοι φόνον αἵματος 16.162
;φ. κέχυται γυναίκων Alc.Fr.153
Lobel;φόνον κεύθειν Emp. 100.4
;μέλανι ῥαίνων φόνῳ πεδίον Pi.I.8(7).55
;φόνου κηκίς A.Ch. 1012
; ; ; ;χεῖρα χραίνεσθαι φόνῳ S.Aj.43
; of a sacrifice,ταυρείου φόνου A.Th.44
;Ἕλλην οὗ καταστάζει φ. E.IT72
; rarely in Prose of blood, Hp.Morb.2.73.5 corpse,πρὶν ἴδω τὸν Ἑλένας φόνον.. κείμενον E.Or. 1357
(lyr.); ἐπὶ φόνῳ χαμαιπετεῖ ματρός ib. 1491 (lyr.).6 rascal that deserves death, gallowsbird, a Dorian phrase, EM662.4.II of the agent or instrument of slaughter, φόνον ἔμμεναι ἡρώεσσι to be a death to heroes, Il. 16.144, cf. Od.21.24; of poison, Mim.Oxy.413.180;ἐν φόνῳ μαχαίρας LXX Ex.17.13
, De.13.15(16), 20.13; without ἐν, Nu.21.24.III = ἀτρακτυλίς, Thphr.HP6.4.6. -
35 ἄπτερος
ἄπτερος, ον,A without wings, unwinged, Hom. only in Od., and always in phrase τῇ δ' ἄπτερος ἔπλετο μῦθος the speech was to her without wings, remained unuttered, opp. ἔπεα πτερόεντα, 17.57; ἄ. φάτις unspoken rumour, A.Ag. 278; ἄπτερα πωτήματα wingless flight, Id.Eu. 250; ἄ δρόμος, of the Trojan horse, v.l. in Tryph.85.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄπτερος
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36 ὀιστός
A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ὀιστός
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37 ἰ̄θύς
ἰ̄θύςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `straight, just', also adv. (beside rare ἰθύ, ἰθέως) `straightforward' (Il.; cf. on εὑθύς); superl. ἰθύντατα (Hom.; after ἰθύνω?, diff. Schwyzer 534).Compounds: Often as 1. member (s. Strömberg Prefix Studies 156), e. g. ἰθυ-ωρίη, see on εὑθυωρία. ἰθυ-βέλεια epithet of Artemis `whose arrows go straight' (ZPE 88, 1991, 70 l. 11, Ia).Derivatives: 1. ἰθύ̄ς f. `straight direction, enterprise', only in acc. ἀν' ἰθύν, πᾶσαν ἐπ' ἰθύν etc. (Hom.); for the explanation Schwyzer 463 w. n. 8, Frisk Eranos 43, 221. 2. ἰθύτης f. `id.' (Aret.). Denomin. verbs: 1. ἰθύω, aor. ἰθῦσαι, also with ἐπι-, `go straight, be eager, desire' (Il.); 2. ἰθύνω, aor. ἰθῦναι, pass. ἰθυνθῆναι, also with prefix, δι-, ἐξ-, ἐπ-, κατ-ιθύνω etc., `make straight, direct, steer, lead' (Il.; Schwyzer 733) with ἰθυντήρ `who steers, leader' (Theoc., A. R.), f. ἰθύντειρα (Orph. A. 352), adj. - τήριος `steering, leading' (S. Ichn. 73); also ἰθύντωρ (Orph.), ἰθύντης (H.) `id.'; postverbal ἴθυνα = εὔθυνα (Chios V-IVa).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: The comparison with Skt. sādhú- `straight, just' (beside sā́dhati, sādhnoti `come to a goal') with Skt. zero grade in sídhyati `id.', ptc. siddha-, gives * s(e)Hdh-; Pok. 892. (Earlier reconstructions with a long diphtong can now be forgotten.) Here perhaps also Arm. aǰ `dexter, straight' \< *seh₂dhi̯o-, poss. *sHdhi̯o- (Lidén Armen. Stud. 75f.). Older lit. in Bq. Wrong Sommer IF 11, 208, Wood ClassPhil. 7, 324, id. Mod. langu. notes 18, 13f. From this form the Greek forms cannot be explained. A Cret. fem. εἰθεῖα confirmes a form *εἰθύς, Lamberterie (1990) 287f. Cf. εἶθαρ, εὐθύς.Page in Frisk: 1,716Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἰ̄θύς
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38 ῥοῖζος
Grammatical information: m. (f. ι 315; cf. Schw.-Debrunner 34 n. 1).Meaning: `buzzing, rushing, humming', of arrows, wings, water etc. (ep. Π 361, hell.).Compounds: As 2. member a.o. in ἁλί-ρροιζος `roared around by the sea' (Nonn.).Derivatives: 1. adj. ῥοιζ-ώδης (medic.), - ήεις (hell. inscr., Nonn.), - αῖος ( Orac. Chald.) `buzzing, rushing, humming etc.'; 2. adv. - ηδόν (Nic., Lyc., 2. Ep. Pet.), - ηδά (Nic.) `with rushing, with humming'; 3. verb ῥοιζέω, also w. ἐπι-, ἀνα- a.o., `to buzz, to hum, to hiss, to rush', also trans. `to make buzz etc.' (ep. Κ 502, hell.) with ῥοίζ-ημα n. (Ar.), - ησις f. (Aq.) `buzz, buzzing', - ήτωρ m. `noisemaker' (Orph.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Like ῥοῖβδος expressive onomatop.; without connection. Uncertain suppositions on the basic form in the lit. on ῥοῖβδος; s. also Risch $ 64 a.Page in Frisk: 2,662Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ῥοῖζος
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39 σκορπίος
σκορπί-ος, ὁ,A scorpion, A.Fr. 169, Pl.Euthd. 290a, Sammelb.1267.7 (i A.D.), etc.; σ. ὁ χερσαῖος (v. infr. 11) Arist.HA 555a23: prov.,ὑπὸ παντὶ λίθῳ σκορπίον φυλάσσεο Praxill.4
;ἐν παντὶ σ. φρουρεῖ λίθῳ S. Fr.37
; also σκορπίον ὀκτώπουν ἐγείρεις 'let sleeping dogs lie', Hsch.;ὥσπερ ἔχις ἢ σ. ἠρκὼς τὸ κέντρον D.25.52
.II a sea-fish, prob. Scorpaena scrofa, Alex.261.9, Diocl.Fr.135, Arist.HA 508b17, Plu.2.977f; used (like the mugilis in Catull.15.19, Juv.10.317) to punish adulterers, Pl.Com.173.21; dub. sens. in LXX 3 Ki.12.11.2 scorpion root, Doronicum caucasicum, ib.9.13.6.3 = θηλυφόνον, ib.9.18.2.IV the constellation Scorpio, Cleostrat.1, Arat.85, Eudox. ap. Hipparch.1.2.20, Eratosth.Cat.7.V an engine of war for discharging arrows, Hero Bel.74.6, Plu.Marc. 15;σκορπίων σωλῆνες IG22.1627.333
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > σκορπίος
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40 τόξευμα
A arrow, Hdt.4.132, al., S.Fr. 427, E.Fr. 455, Dsc.3.32;τρωθεὶς εἰς τὸμ πλεύμονα τοξεύματι IG42(1).122.56
(Epid., iv B. C.); ὅσον τ. ἐξικνέεται the distance of a bow-shot, Hdt.4.139; πρὶν τ. ἐξικνεῖσθαι before an arrow reached them, X.An.1.8.19; ἐπειδὴ εἰς τ. ἀφίκοιντο came within shot, Id.Cyr.1.4.23; ἐντὸς τοξεύματος ibid., E.HF 991;ἔξω τοξεύματος Th.7.30
; ἔβαλλον Βακχίου τοξεύμασι κάρα γέροντος, of the cottabus, E.Fr. 562; φαρέτρα τοξευμάτων a quiverful of arrows (as a prize), IG12(5).647.28 (Ceos, iii B. C.); missile of any kind, Ascl.Tact.1.2: metaph., of songs and words, Pi.I.5(4).47; soκαρδίας τοξεύματα S.Ant. 1085
;ὄμματος θελκτήριον τόξευμα A.Supp. 1005
.II collective in pl. for οἱ τοξόται, force of archers, Hdt.6.112, Plu.Pyrrh.21.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τόξευμα
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