supine

dē-scendo, di, sum, 3 ( perf. redupl.: descendidit, Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 4 fin.; and, descendiderant, Laber. ib.; perf.: desciderunt, Inscr. Frat. Arv. 13 Henzen.), v. n., to come down; and of inanimate subjects, to fall, sink down, to descend, opp. to ascendo (class. and freq.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ex equo,

to alight, Cic. de Sen. 10, 34; Auct. B. Hisp. 15, 2;

for which, equo,

Sall. Hist. Fragm. 5, 13:

sicut monte descenderat,

id. J. 50, 2:

e curru,

Suet. Tib. 20:

e tribunali,

id. Claud. 15:

de rostris,

Cic. Vatin. 11:

de templo,

Liv. 44, 45:

de caelo,

id. 6, 18;

for which, caelo,

Hor. Od. 3, 4, 1:

e caelo,

Juv. 11, 27:

caelo ab alto,

Verg. A. 8, 423; cf.:

vertice montis ab alto,

id. ib. 7, 675; and:

ab Histro (Da cus),

id. G. 2, 497:

ab Alpibus,

Liv. 21, 32, 2; 27, 38, 6:

monte,

Verg. A. 4, 159:

aggeribus Alpinis atque arce Monoeci,

id. ib. 6, 831:

antro Castalio,

Ov. M. 3, 14:

per clivum,

id. F. 1, 263 et saep.—Indicating the terminus ad quem:

in mare de caelo,

Lucr. 6, 427:

Juppiter in terras,

id. 6, 402:

in pon tum,

Sil. 1, 607; 15, 152; cf.:

caelo in hibernas undas,

Verg. G. 4, 235:

caelo ad suos honores templaque, etc.,

Ov. F. 5, 551:

in aestum,

Lucr. 6, 402:

in inferiorem ambulationem,

Cic. Tusc. 4:

in campos,

Liv. 6, 737; cf. Curt. 9, 9:

in Piraeum,

Quint. 8, 6, 64 et saep.:

ad naviculas,

Cic. Ac. 2, 48 fin.:

ad genitorem imas Erebi descendit ad umbras,

Verg. A. 6, 404:

sinus vestis infra genua,

Curt. 6, 5 et saep. Poet. also with dat.:

nocti, i. e. ad inferos,

Sil. 13, 708; cf.

Erebo,

id. 13, 759.—With sup.:

per quod oraculo utentes sciscitatum deos descendunt,

Liv. 45, 27, 8.— Absol.:

turbo descendit,

Lucr. 6, 438; cf. Verg. E. 7, 60:

asta ut descendam (sc. ex equo),

dismount, alight, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 120; Suet. Galb. 18:

descendens (sc. e lecto),

Tib. 1, 5, 41:

descendo (sc. de arce),

Verg. A. 2, 632:

umbrae descendentes (sc. ad inferos),

Stat. S. 5, 5, 41.— Poet.: trepidi quoties nos descendentis arenae vidimus in partes, i. e. that seemed to sink as the wild beasts rose from the vaults, Calp. Ecl. 7, 69.—

In partic.

To go down, to go, to come, sc. from the dwelling-houses (which in Rome were mostly situated on eminences) to the forum, the comitia, etc.: in forum descendens, Crass. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267; so, ad forum, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 538, 26; Q. Cic. Petit. cons. 14; Valer. Antias ap. Gell. 7, 9 fin.; Liv. 24, 7; 34, 1; cf.:

fuge, quo descendere gestis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 5;

Orell. ad loc.: ad comitia,

Suet. Caes. 13 al.:

de palatio et aedibus suis,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 46.— Absol.:

hodie non descendit Antonius,

Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15; id. Verr. 2, 2, 38; Liv. 2, 54; Sen. Ben. 3, 27 al. —

Transf.:

in causam,

Cic. Phil. 8, 2; Liv. 36, 7; Tac. H. 3, 3:

in partes,

id. A. 15, 50. —

Of land, etc., to sink, fall, slope:

regio,

Val. Fl. 1, 538.—

Of forests whose wood is brought to the plain, Stat. Ach. 2, 115:

Caucasus,

Val. Fl. 7, 55.—

Of water conveyed in pipes, to fall:

subeat descendatque,

Plin. 31, 6, 31, § 57; cf.

of the sea: non magis descenderet aequor,

Luc. 5, 338.—

In milit. lang., to march down, sc. from an eminence [p. 555] into the plain:

ex superioribus locis in planitiem,

Caes. B. C. 3, 98; cf. id. ib. 3, 65, 2:

qua (sc. de monte),

Sall. J. 50, 3:

inde (sc. de arce),

Liv. 32, 32; cf. id. 7, 29:

in aequum locum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 53, 2;

for which, in aequum,

Liv. 1, 12:

in campum omnibus copiis,

id. 23, 29:

in plana,

Front. Strat. 2, 5, 18:

ad Alexandriam,

Liv. 45, 12 et saep.— Absol., Liv. 44, 5; Front. Strat. 3, 17, 9:

ad laevam,

Sall. J. 55 al. —With supine:

praedatum in agros Romanos,

Liv. 3, 10, 4; 10, 31, 2.—Hence,

Transf.:

in aciem,

to go into battle, to engage, Liv. 8, 8; 23, 29; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 11 al.:

in proelium,

id. ib. 2, 1, 10; Just. 21, 2, 5:

in certamen,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26:

ad pugnam, ad tales pugnas,

Val. Fl. 3, 518; Juv. 7, 173; Front. Strat. 2, 1, 11; 2, 5, 41;

and even, in bellum,

Just. 15, 4, 21; 38, 8, 1; cf.:

in belli periculum,

id. 15, 1, 2.—

In medic. lang., of the excrements: to pass off, pass through, Cels. 2, 4 fin.:

olera,

id. 1, 6:

alvus,

id. 2, 7.—

Pregn., to sink down, penetrate into any thing (freq. only after the Aug. per.;

not in Cic. and Caes.): ferrum in corpus,

Liv. 1, 41; cf. Sil. 16, 544:

toto descendit in ilia ferro,

Ov. M. 3, 67:

(harundo) in caput,

Luc. 6, 216; cf.:

in jugulos gladiis descendebant (hostes),

Flor. 3, 10, 13:

ense in jugulos,

Claud. B. Get. 601:

in terram (fulmen),

Plin. 2, 55, 56, § 146:

in rimam calamus,

id. 17, 14, 24, § 102:

subjacens soli duritia non patitur in altum descendere (radices), lapathi radix ad tria cubita,

Plin. 19, 6, 31, § 98 et saep.:

toto corpore pestis,

Verg. A. 5, 683:

galeas vetant descendere cristae,

to sink down, Stat. Th. 9, 262. —

In an obscene sense, Catull. 112, 2; Juv. 11, 163.—

Trop.

In gen. (esp. freq. in Quint.), to descend, etc.:

a vita pastorali ad agriculturam,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 3 sq.; cf.:

ad aliquem,

Just. 1, 4, 1:

usus in nostram aetatem descendit,

Quint. 1, 11, 18:

(vox) attollitur concitatis affectibus, compositis descendit,

id. 11, 3, 65; cf. id. 9, 4, 92:

grammatici omnes in hanc descendent rerum tenuitatem,

id. 1, 4, 7 et saep.:

in omnia familiaritatis officia,

Plin. Pan. 85, 5.— Pass. impers.:

eo contemptionis descensum, ut, etc.,

Tac. A. 15, 1 et saep.:

si quid tamen olim Scripseris, in Maeci descendat judicis aures,

Hor. A. P. 387:

si descendere ad ipsum Ordine perpetuo quaeris sunt hujus origo Ilus et Assaracus, etc.,

Ov. M. 11, 754.—

In partic.

(Acc. to no. I. A. 4.) To sink deep into, to penetrate deeply:

quod verbum in pectus Jugurthae altius, quam quisquam ratus erat, descendit,

Sall. J. 11, 7; cf.:

ut altius injuriae quam merita descendant,

Sen. Ben. 1, 1 med.; id. Contr. 1 praef.; Spart. Ant. Get. 6:

cura in animos Patrum,

Liv. 3, 52; cf.:

qui (metus deorum) cum descendere ad animos... non posset,

id. 1, 19:

nemo in sese tentat descendere,

to examine himself, Pers. 4, 23.—

To lower one's self, descend to an act or employment, etc.; to yield, agree to any act, esp. to one which is unpleasant or wrong (freq. in Cic. and Caes.; cf. Orell. ad Cic. Cael. 2, and Fabri ad Liv. 23, 14, 3).—Constr. with ad, very rarely with in or absol.:

senes ad ludum adolescentium descendant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 43; cf. id. de Or. 2, 6:

ad calamitatum societates,

id. Lael. 17, 64:

sua voluntate sapientem descendere ad rationes civitatis non solere,

id. Rep. 1, 6 al.:

ad ejusmodi consilium,

Caes. B. G. 5, 29, 5:

ad innocentium supplicia,

id. ib. 6, 16 fin.:

ad vim atque ad arma,

id. ib. 7, 33:

ad gravissimas verborum contumelias,

id. B. C. 3, 83:

ad accusandum, ad inimicitias,

Cic. Mur. 27, 56; id. Sest. 41, 89; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 1: ad extrema, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

ad frontis urbanae praemia,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 11:

preces in omnes,

Verg. A. 5, 782:

videte, quo descendam, judices,

Cic. Font. 1, 2; cf. id. Verr. 2, 1, 38; Caes. B. C. 1, 81, 5:

ad intellectum audientis,

Quint. 1, 2, 27:

ad minutissima opera,

id. 1, 12, 14; 4, 2, 15: placet mihi ista defensio;

descendo,

I acquiesce, id. ib. 2, 2, 72.—

(Mostly ante-Aug.) To descend or proceed from any person or thing:

ex gradu ascendentium vel descendentium uxorem ducere,

Dig. 23, 2, 68 et saep.:

quod genus liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit,

ib. 43, 26, 1; cf. ib. 18, 1, 57 fin.:

a Platone,

Plin. 22, 24, 51, § 111; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 43.—Hence, subst.: dē-scendens, entis, m. and f., a descendant; plur. descendentes, posterity, Dig. 23, 2, 68. —

(In Quint.) To depart, deviate, differ from:

tantum ab eo defluebat, quantum ille (sc. Seneca) ab antiquis descenderat,

Quint. 10, 1, 126; id. 3, 5, 8.

2, 16, 13, § 71; Prud. Apoth. 1075.

dignus, a, um, adj. [i. e. DIC-nus; root in Sanscr. daç-as, fame; Gr. dokeô, doxa; Lat.: decet, decus], worthy, deserving (in a good or ill sense), of things, suitable, fitting, becoming, proper (very freq. in all periods and kinds of writing).—Constr., in the most finished models of composition, with the abl. pretii, a relative sentence, or absol.; in the Aug. poets also freq. with the inf.; otherwise with ut, the gen., or the acc. of a neutr. pron. or adj.

With abl. (so most freq.):

dignus domino servus,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 227; cf.:

vir patre, avo, majoribus suis dignissimus,

Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25; id. Fam. 2, 18 fin.;

juvenes patre digni,

Hor. A. P. 24 et saep.:

dignus es verberibus multis,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 71:

amici novi digni amicitiā,

Cic. Lael. 19:

summa laude digni,

id. Rep. 3, 4; 3, 17 et saep.:

omnibus probris, quae improbis viris Digna sunt, dignior nullus est homo,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 9:

assentatio, quae non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

Cic. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 40:

dignius odio scelus,

id. 7, 2, 36:

o fons, dulci digne mero,

Hor. C. 3, 13, 2:

munera digna venustissima Venere,

Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 4; for which; diem dignum Veneri (abl. v. Venus), id. ib. 1, 2, 45:

ut te dignam mala malam aetatem exigas,

id. Aul. 1, 1, 4; cf. id. Trin. 1, 2, 122; id. Rud. 3, 2, 26 et saep.:

dicendum dignum aliquid horum auribus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 13:

aliquid memoria dignum consequi,

id. ib. 1, 8; * Caes. B. G. 7, 25, 1; Phaedr. 4, 21, 3 al.:

si quid antea admisissem piaculo dignum,

Liv. 40, 13 et saep.:

tribuere id cuique, quod sit quoque dignum,

Cic. Rep. 3, 11:

neque enim decorum est neque dis dignum,

id. Div. 1, 52:

quicquid dignum sapiente bonoque,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 5 et saep.:

dicere Cinnā digna,

Verg. E. 9, 36.—Esp. freq. with supine in u:

digna memoratu produntur,

Plin. 6, 23, 26, § 97:

nihil dignum dictu,

Liv. 4, 30, 4; 9, 43, 6; 25, 1, 5; Suet. Aug. 43; Val. Max. 1, 5, 9; Sen. Ep. 94, 56; Tac. Agr. 1.—

With rel. clause (freq., though not in the Aug. poets):

non videre dignus, qui liber sies,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 17; cf. id. Rud. 2, 6, 38; id. Mil. 4, 2, 52:

qui modeste paret, videtur, qui aliquando imperet, dignus esse,

Cic. Leg. 3, 2:

homines dignos, quibuscum disseratur putant,

id. Ac. 2, 6, 18; Quint. 10, 1, 131 et saep.—So with rel. adv.:

sive adeo digna res est ubi tu nervos intendas tuos,

if the thing is really worth your bending your energies to it, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20; cf.

also: dignos esse, qui armis cepissent, eorum urbem agrumque Bolanum esse, i. e. ut eorum urbs esset,

Liv. 4, 49, 11 Weissenb. (Madv. dignum, cf. d infra).—

Absol. (that of which some one or something is worthy, to be supplied from the context): Mi. Quem ament igitur? Sy. Alium quemlibet;

Nam nostrorum nemo dignus est (sc. amari),

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 39; cf. id. Curc. 4, 2, 28:

ut ne nimis cito diligere incipiant neve non dignos, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 21, 78 sq.:

illud exemplum ab dignis et idoneis ad indignos et non idoneos transfertur,

Sall. C. 51, 27 Kritz.:

dignis ait esse paratus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 22:

omnes, ait, malle laudatos a se, dignos indignosque, quam, etc.,

Liv. 24, 16 et saep.:

quem dices digniorem esse hominem hodie Athenis alterum?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 24; cf. Suet. Aug. 54:

dignus patronus,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 2: dignior heres, Hor. C. 2, 14, 25:

digna causa,

Liv. 21, 6:

dignum operae pretium,

Quint. 12, 6, 7:

dignas grates persolvere,

Verg. A. 1, 600; 2, 537:

digna gloria ruris,

id. G. 1, 168 et saep.:

ad tuam formam illa digna est,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 21; so, quod supplicium dignum libidini ejus invenias? (where the dat. depends on the verb), Cic. Verr. 2, 26, 16, § 40:

id, cum ipse per se dignus putaretur, impetravit,

id. Arch. 4, 6.—So as subst.: "nulla contumelia est, quam facit dignus;" primum quid est dignus? nam etiam malo multi digni, sicut ipse (Antonius), Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22; so, dignum est, it is fit, proper, becoming, = aequum est, decet, convenit, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 129; id. Merc. 1, 2, 22; Ter. Ph. 2, 3, 55; 129; Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 14; Liv. 1, 14; Sen. de Ira, 1, 12; Verg. G. 3, 391 al.—So comp., Liv. 8, 26, 6; Cic. Clu. 53, 146.— Sup., Cic. Rosc. Am. 3, 8.—

With inf. (freq. in the Aug. poets;

not in Cic.): concedere,

Cat. 68, 131:

unā perire,

Ov. M. 1, 241:

credere,

id. ib. 3, 311:

fuisse conjux,

id. ib. 14, 833:

decurrere spatium vitae,

id. Tr. 3, 4, 34:

ponere annos,

id. ib. 4, 8, 14 al.; and more freq. in the pass.:

cantari dignus,

Verg. E. 5, 54:

amari,

id. ib. 89:

rapi,

Ov. M. 7, 697:

describi,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 3:

notari,

id. ib. 1, 3, 24:

legi,

id. ib. 1, 10, 72: Quint. 10, 1, 96 et saep.:

auctoribus hoc dedi, quibus dignius credi est,

Liv. 8, 26 fin.; cf.:

uterque optimus erat, dignusque alter elegi, alter eligere,

Plin. Pan. 7, 4.—

With ut:

non sum dignus prae te, ut figam palum in parietem,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 4; Liv. 24, 16: eras dignus ut haberes integram manum; Quint. 8, 5, 12; 12, 11, 24.—

With gen. (acc. to the Gr. axios tinos—so freq. in Inscr. v. Wordsworth, Fragm. p. 494):

dignus salutis,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 29; cogitatio dignissima tuae virtutis, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15 A.:

quidquid putabit dignum esse memoriae,

Phaedr. 4, 20, 3:

probae,

Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 57.—

With acc. of a neutr. pron. or adj.:

non me censes scire quid dignus siem?

Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 16; Ter. Ph. 3, 2, 34:

si exoptem, quantum dignus, tantum dent (di tibi), etc.,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 26.—

With ad (very rare):

ad tuam formam illa una digna est,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 21:

amicus, dignus huic ad imitandum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30.—

With pro:

si digna poena pro factis eorum reperitur,

Sall. C. 51, 8; Cic. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42; Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 24.— Adv.: dignē, worthily, fitly, becomingly:

quam digne ornata incedit, haud meretricie!

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 58; id. Cas. 4, 1, 14; Cic. de Sen. 1, 2; Cassius in Cic. Fam. 12, 13; Vell. 2, 67; Suet. Aug. 66; Hor. C. 1, 6, 14; id. Ep. 2, 1, 164 al.— Comp., Hor. S. 2, 7, 47.— Sup. seems not to occur.

dis-torquĕo, rsi, rtum ( supine, distorsum acc. to Prisc. 871 P.), 2, v. a., to turn different ways, to twist, distort (rare but class.).

Prop.:

os,

Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 3; so,

ora cachinno,

Ov. A. A. 3, 287:

oculos,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 65:

labra,

Quint. 1, 11, 9.—

Meton., to torment, torture.

Lit., Sen. Ben. 7, 19; Suet. Dom. 10.—

Trop.:

quem repulsa distorqueat (with amore cruciari),

Sen. Ep. 74:

cogitationem,

Petr. 52, 2.—Hence, distortus, a, um, P. a., distorted, misshapen, deformed, dwarfish.

Lit.:

distortus ejecta lingua,

Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 266; cf. Suet. Aug. 83; Quint. 2, 5, 11:

vultus,

id. 6, 3, 29:

crura,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 47:

solos sapientes esse, si distortissimi sint, formosos,

Cic. Mur. 29, 61; cf. Suet. Galb. 21.— Plur. as subst.:

pumili atque distorti,

id. Aug. 83.—

Trop.:

nullum (genus enuntiandi) distortius,

more perverse, unseemly, Cic. Fat. 8 fin.—Adv. does not occur.

fastīdĭo, īvi, or ĭi, ītum, 4, v. n. and a. [fastidium], to feel disgust, loathing, or nausea, to shrink or flinch from any thing unpleasant to the taste, smell, hearing, etc.; to loathe, dislike, despise (not freq. till after the Aug. per.; cf.: taedet, reprobo, reicio, respuo, repudio).

Lit.

Neutr.:

bi bendum hercle hoc est, ne nega: quid hic fastidis?

Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 33; cf.:

fastidientis stomachi est multa degustare,

Sen. Ep. 2:

majus infundam tibi Fastidienti poculum,

Hor. Epod. 5, 78:

ut fastidis!

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 58.—

Act. (perh. not till the Aug. per.):

num esuriens fastidis omnia praeter Pavonem rhombumque?

Hor. S. 1, 2, 115:

olus,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 15:

pulmentarium,

Phaedr. 3, 7, 23:

cactos in cibis,

Plin. 21, 16, 57, § 97:

fluvialem lupum,

Col. 8, 16, 4: vinum, Poët. ap. Suet. Tib. 59:

euphorbiae sucus fastidiendum odorem habet,

disgusting, Plin. 25, 7, 38, § 79:

aures... redundantia ac nimia fastidiunt,

Quint. 9, 4, 116.—

Trop., of mental aversion, to be disdainful, scornful, haughty; to disdain, despise, scorn.

Neutr.:

ut fastidit gloriosus!

Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 34:

vide ut fastidit simia!

id. Most. 4, 2, 4:

in recte factis saepe fastidiunt,

Cic. Mil. 16, 42.—

With gen. (like taedet):

fastidit mei,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 67; so, mei, Titin. ap. Non. 496, 15:

bonorum,

Lucil. ib. 18.—

Act. (perh. not before the Aug. per.).

With acc.:

(populus) nisi quae terris semota suisque Temporibus defuncta videt, fastidit et odit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 22:

vilice silvarum et agelli, Quem tu fastidis,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 2:

lacus et rivos apertos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 11:

vitium amici,

id. S. 1, 3, 44:

preces alicujus,

Liv. 34, 5, 13:

hoc lucrum,

Quint. 1, 1, 18:

grammatices elementa tamquam parva,

id. 1, 4, 6:

minores,

Mart. 3, 31, 5:

omnes duces post Alexandrum,

Just. 14, 2:

dominationibus aliis fastiditus (i. e. a prioribus principibus despectus),

Tac. A. 13, 1:

ut quae dicendo refutare non possumus, quasi fastidiendo calcemus,

Quint. 5, 13, 22:

oluscula,

Juv. 11, 80.—

Of inanim. or abstr. subjects: te cum fastidierit popina dives, etc.,

Mart. 5, 44, 10: somnus agrestium Lenis virorum non humiles domos Fastidit umbrosamve ripam, Hor. C. 3, 1, 23.—In the part. perf.:

laudatus abunde, Non fastiditus si tibi, lector, ero,

Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 31; cf.:

aliquem non fastiditis annumerare viris,

id. ib. 2, 120:

vetulus bos, ab ingrato jam fastiditus aratro,

Juv. 10, 270.—In the neutr. absol.: res ardua vetustis novitatem dare... fastiditis gratiam, etc., Plin. H. N. praef. § 15.—In the part. fut. pass. with supine:

quia (verba) dictu fastidienda sunt,

Val. Max. 9, 13, 2.—

With an object-clause:

a me fastidit amari,

Ov. R. Am. 305:

jocorum legere fastidis genus,

Phaedr. 4, 7, 2; Petr. 127:

fastidit praestare hanc inferioribus curam,

Quint. 2, 3, 4:

fastidit balsamum alibi nasci,

Plin. 16, 32, 59, § 135:

an creditis, aequo animo iis servire, quorum reges esse fastidiant?

Curt. 4, 14, 16 et saep.:

ne fastidieris nos in sacerdotum numerum accipere,

Liv. 10, 8, 7:

plebs coepit fastidire, munus vulgatum a civibus isse in socios,

id. 2, 41, 4; Quint. 5, 11, 39.—Hence,

Adv.: fastīdĭenter, disdainfully, scornfully:

parentibus fastidienter appellatis,

App. M. 5, p. 166, 11.—

Part.: fastīdītus, a, um, in act. signif., disdaining, despising (post-Aug.):

ne me putes studia fastiditum,

Petr. 48.

fĕro, tuli, latum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the tempp. perff.:

tetuli,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.:

tetulit,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13:

tetulerunt,

Lucr. 6, § 672:

tetulissem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

tetulisse,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2:

tetulero,

id. Cist. 3, 19:

tetulerit,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. [a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. pherô; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wort. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. tlênai, endure, cf. talas, talanton; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine latum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73], to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)

Lit.

In gen.:

ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,

Dig. 50, 16, 235: oneris quidvis feret, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 29:

quin te in fundo conspicer fodere aut arare aut aliquid ferre,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 17:

numerus eorum, qui arma ferre possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29, 1:

arma et vallum,

Hor. Epod. 9, 13:

sacra Junonis,

id. S. 1, 3, 11:

cadaver nudis humeris (heres),

id. ib. 2, 5, 86:

argentum ad aliquem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 142; cf.:

symbolum filio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 30:

olera et pisciculos minutos ferre obolo in cenam seni,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

vina et unguenta et flores,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

discerpta ferentes Memora gruis,

id. S. 2, 8, 86; cf.:

talos, nucesque sinu laxo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 172:

in Capitolium faces,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

iste operta lectica latus per oppidum est ut mortuus,

id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

lectica in Capitolium latus est,

Suet. Claud. 2:

circa judices latus (puer),

Quint. 6, 1, 47:

prae se ferens (in essedo) Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19.— Poet. with inf.:

natum ad Stygios iterum fero mergere fontes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 134.—Prov.:

ferre aliquem in oculis, or simply oculis,

i. e. to hold dear, love exceedingly, Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 2.—

In partic.

With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.

Act.:

ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,

Lucr. 4, 422 sq.:

ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,

to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.:

vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum,

id. 1, 725; and:

caelo supinas si tuleris manus,

raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1:

te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,

id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.:

ire, pedes quocumque ferent,

id. Epod. 16, 21; and:

me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

id. C. 3, 29, 64:

signa ferre,

to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.:

pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,

have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112:

gressum,

to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.:

agiles gressus,

Sil. 3, 180:

vagos gradus,

Ov. M. 7, 185:

vestigia,

Sil. 9, 101:

vagos cursus,

id. 9, 243.— Absol.:

quo ventus ferebat,

bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3:

interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,

Quint. 10, 3, 7:

itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,

led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.:

in silvam ligna ferre,

to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—

With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush:

cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,

to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.:

non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

hinc ferro accingor rursus... meque extra tecta ferebam,

Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779:

grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,

Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects:

ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,

i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.:

ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,

proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2:

alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,

betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3:

(fera) supra venabula fertur,

rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553:

huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,

proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530:

densos fertur moribundus in hostes,

rushes, id. ib. 2, 511:

quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,

Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.:

non alto semper feremur,

Quint. 12, 10, 37:

ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200:

non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,

fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects:

(corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,

move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.:

quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,

id. 4, 745; cf.:

tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.:

Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc.... citatus fertur,

flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. [p. 738] G. 8, 40, 3:

ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,

ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.—

Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,

Nep. Dat. 4 fin. —

To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

Verg. A. 2, 374:

postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,

snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—

To bear, produce, yield:

plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.:

quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67:

quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10:

quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,

id. ib. 3, 24, 13:

angulus iste feret piper et thus,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 23:

(olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,

Quint. 8, 3, 10.— Absol.:

ferundo arbor peribit,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—

Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant:

ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,

Liv. 1, 34, 3;

of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.:

cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112:

nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,

Tib. 3, 4, 90.— Poet.:

quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,

i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—

To offer as an oblation:

liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,

Tib. 1, 7, 54; so,

liba,

id. 1, 10, 23:

lancesque et liba Baccho,

Verg. G. 2, 394:

tura superis, altaribus,

Ov. M. 11, 577.—

To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.:

quod posces, feres,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato;

id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

Cic. Planc. 38, 92:

partem praedae,

id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:

ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

Juv. 13, 105:

coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.

Trop.

In gen., to bear, carry, bring:

satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,

bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663;

veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,

which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,

will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8:

nomen alicujus,

to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.:

insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15:

nomen,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47:

cognomen,

id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.:

ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,

of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1:

Archimimus personam ejus ferens,

personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf.

also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,

Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

auxilium alicui,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.):

opem alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

subsidium alicui,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

condicionem,

to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,

offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5:

si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,

will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792:

ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,

id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise:

quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so,

animi quaedam ingenita natura... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,

Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.:

nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135:

exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,

Lucr. 6, 8; cf.:

laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,

to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6:

eam pugnam miris laudibus,

Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.:

saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,

wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

Liv. 4, 5, 6:

ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,

id. 21, 32, 7:

crudelitate et scelere ferri,

to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

praeceps amentia ferebare,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.:

ferri avaritia,

id. Quint. 11, 38:

orator suo jam impetu fertur,

Quint. 12 praef. §

3: eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,

Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.:

(eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,

Quint. 5, 14, 31:

oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,

id. 9, 4, 112; cf.:

quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,

id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing:

quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,

Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.:

milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,

Liv. 25, 21, 5; and:

qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,

id. 40, 4, 14:

si maxime animus ferat,

Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf.

also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,

Stat. Th. 4, 753.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away:

omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,

Verg. E. 9, 51:

postquam te fata tulerunt,

id. ib. 5, 34:

invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,

Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8;

like efferre,

to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce:

haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,

Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 46:

Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,

id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—

(Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive:

Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,

Cic. Brut. 49, 183:

palmam,

to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

victoriam ex inermi,

to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18:

gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,

id. 4, 12, 8:

maximam laudem inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4:

centuriam, tribus,

i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

suffragia,

Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.):

responsum ab aliquo,

to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

repulsam a populo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54:

repulsam,

id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,

Gai. Inst. 3, 8:

singulas portiones,

id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—

To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.

To bear in any manner.

With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

(onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,

Cic. de Sen. 1, 2:

aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,

id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

hoc moderatiore animo ferre,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

aliquid toleranter,

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

clementer,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—

With an object-clause:

ut si quis aegre ferat, se pauperem esse,

take it ill, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

hoc ereptum esse, graviter et acerbe ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

quomodo ferant veterani, exercitum Brutum habere,

id. Phil. 10, 7, 15.—

With de:

de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1:

quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,

id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—

Absol.:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,

id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—

Pregn., to bear or put up with, to suffer, tolerate, endure, sustain, resist.

With acc.: quis hanc contumeliam, quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

qui potentissimorum hominum contumaciam numquam tulerim, ferrem hujus asseclae?

Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

cujus desiderium civitas ferre diutius non potest,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

cogitandi non ferebat laborem,

id. Brut. 77, 268:

unum impetum nostrorum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 3:

vultum atque aciem oculorum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 1:

cohortatio gravior quam aures Sulpicii ferre didicissent,

to hear unmoved, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9:

vultum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 121:

multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit,

id. A. P. 413:

spectatoris fastidia,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

fuisse (Epaminondam) patientem suorumque injurias ferentem civium,

Nep. Epam. 7.—Of personal objects:

quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum?

brook, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 28:

optimates quis ferat, qui, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

vereor, ut jam nos ferat quisquam,

Quint. 8, 3, 25:

an laturi sint Romani talem regem,

id. 7, 1, 24:

quis enim ferat puerum aut adolescentulum, si, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 8.—

With an object-clause:

ferunt aures hominum, illa... laudari,

Cic. de Or. 2, 84, 344:

non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes,

Hor. Epod. 15, 13; Ov. M. 2, 628:

illa quidem in hoc opere praecipi quis ferat?

Quint. 11, 3, 27; 11, 1, 69:

servo nubere nympha tuli,

Ov. H. 5, 12; cf.:

alios vinci potuisse ferendum est,

id. M. 12, 555. —

With quod:

quod rapta, feremus, dummodo reddat eam,

Ov. M. 5, 520:

illud non ferendum, quod, etc.,

Quint. 11, 3, 131. —

With the access, notion of publicity, to make public, to disclose, show, exhibit:

eum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

laetitiam apertissime tulimus omnes,

id. Att. 14, 13, 2:

neque id obscure ferebat nec dissimulare ullo modo poterat,

id. Clu. 19, 54:

haud clam tulit iram adversus praetorem,

Liv. 31, 47, 4; cf.:

tacite ejus verecundiam non tulit senatus, quin, etc.,

id. 5, 28, 1.—

Prae se ferre, to show, manifest, to let be seen, to declare:

cujus rei tantae facultatem consecutum esse me, non profiteor: secutum me esse, prae me fero,

Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12:

noli, quaeso, prae te ferre, vos plane expertes esse doctrinae,

id. ib. 2, 18, 47:

non mediocres terrores... prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

hanc virtutem prae se ferunt,

Quint. 2, 13, 11:

liberalium disciplinarum prae se scientiam tulit,

id. 12, 11, 21:

magnum animum (verba),

id. 11, 1, 37.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

(comae) turbatae prae se ferre aliquid affectus videntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 148:

oratio prae se fert felicissimam facilitatem,

id. 10, 1, 11.—

Of speech, to report, relate, make known, assert, celebrate:

haec omnibus ferebat sermonibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17, 2:

alii alia sermonibus ferebant Romanos facturos,

Liv. 33, 32, 3:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

id. 4, 5, 6:

patres ita fama ferebant, quod, etc.,

id. 23, 31, 13; cf. with acc.:

hascine propter res maledicas famas ferunt,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 149:

famam,

id. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

fama eadem tulit,

Tac. A. 1, 5; cf. id. ib. 15, 60:

nec aliud per illos dies populus credulitate, prudentes diversa fama, tulere,

talk about, id. ib. 16, 2:

inimici famam non ita, ut nata est, ferunt,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

quod fers, cedo,

tell, say, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 17:

nostra (laus) semper feretur et praedicabitur, etc.,

Cic. Arch. 9, 21.—With an object-clause:

cum ipse... acturum se id per populum aperte ferret,

Liv. 28, 40, 2; id. ib. §

1: saepe homines morbos magis esse timendos ferunt quam Tartara leti,

Lucr. 3, 42:

Prognen ita velle ferebat,

Ov. M. 6, 470; 14, 527:

ipsi territos se ferebant,

Tac. H. 4, 78; id. A. 4, 58; 6, 26 (32); cf.:

mihi fama tulit fessum te caede procubuisse, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 503:

commentarii ad senatum missi ferebant, Macronem praesedisse, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 47 (53).—

Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.:

quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19:

quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,

id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2:

homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

Ceres fertur fruges... mortalibus instituisse,

Lucr. 5, 14:

in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,

id. 6, 755:

is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

qui in contione dixisse fertur,

id. ib. 2, 10 fin.:

quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15:

non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,

you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27:

si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente [p. 739] Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—

To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current:

hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

ut Servium conditorem posteri fama ferrent,

Liv. 1, 42, 4:

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1:

avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,

boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.:

qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,

Suet. Vesp. 23:

ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.:

cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,

id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20:

multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,

Nep. Att. 1, 3.—

Polit. and jurid. t. t.

Suffragium or sententiam, to give in one's vote, to vote, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1; cf.:

ferunt suffragia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

id. Balb. 15, 34; cf.:

de quo vos (judices) sententiam per tabellam feretis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 104;

so of the voting of judges,

id. Clu. 26, 72;

of senators: parcite, ut sit qui in senatu de bello et pace sententiam ferat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76; cf. id. Fam. 11, 21, 2.—

Legem (privilegium, rogationem) ad populum, or absol., to bring forward or move a proposition, to propose a law, etc.:

perniciose Philippus in tribunatu, cum legem agrariam ferret, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; cf. id. Sull. 23, 65:

quae lex paucis his annis lata esset,

id. Corn. 1, 3 (vol. xi. p. 10 B. and K.):

familiarissimus tuus de te privilegium tulit, ut, etc.,

id. Par. 4, 32:

Sullam illam rogationem de se nolle ferri (shortly before: Lex ferri coepta),

id. Sull. 23, 65:

rogationem de aliquo, contra or in aliquem, ad populum, ad plebem,

id. Balb. 14, 33; id. Clu. 51, 140; id. Brut. 23, 89; Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 33, 25, 7:

nescis, te ipsum ad populum tulisse, ut, etc.,

proposed a bill, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 100:

ut P. Scaevola tribunus plebis ferret ad plebem, vellentne, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54; cf. Liv. 33, 25, 6:

quod Sulla ipse ita tulit de civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

nihil de judicio ferebat,

id. Sull. 22, 63:

cum, ut absentis ratio haberetur, ferebamus,

id. Att. 7, 6, 2.— Impers.:

lato ut solet ad populum, ut equum escendere liceret,

Liv. 23, 14, 2. —

Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge:

quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person:

se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,

Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—

Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book:

quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,

i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—

Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer:

ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.:

gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,

id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.):

quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

ut aetas illa fert,

as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168:

ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5:

quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,

id. Pis. 2, 5:

si ita commodum vestrum fert,

id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

si vestra voluntas feret,

if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,

according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2:

ut mea fert opinio,

according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

id. Rep. 6, 18.— Impers.:

sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),

Tac. A. 3, 15; so,

si ita ferret,

id. H. 2, 44.

fĕrus, a, um, adj. [cf. Gr. thêr, Aeol. phêr; Lat. ferox, etc.; v. ferio], wild, untamed.

Lit., of animals and plants.

Adj. (syn. immanis, opp. cicur):

quae vero et quam varia genera bestiarum vel cicurum vel ferarum!

Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 99; cf.:

si hoc apparet in bestiis, volucribus, nantibus, agrestibus, cicuribus, feris,

id. Lael. 21, 81:

apes (opp. cicures),

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 19:

immanes et ferae beluae,

Cic. N. D. 2, 64, 161:

fera et immanis belua,

id. Ac. 2, 34, 108; Nep. Dat. 3, 2; Curt. 5, 4, 19; Suet. Aug. 67:

leones,

Hor. Epod. 7, 12:

equus,

id. S. 1, 5, 57:

caprae,

Verg. A. 4, 152:

palumbus,

Plin. 30, 7, 20, § 60 et saep.:

arbores,

Plin. 14, 20, 25, § 127:

oliva,

Stat. Th. 6, 7:

fructus,

Verg. G. 2, 36:

odor (with solitudinem redolens),

disagreeable, Plin. 12, 17, 37, § 76.—

Subst.

fĕrus, i, m., a wild animal, wild beast ( poet.); a lion, Phaedr. 1, 21, 8; a boar, id. 4, 4, 3; a horse, Verg. A. 2, 51; 5, 818; a stag, id. ib. 7, 489; a serpent, Sil. 6, 268.—

fĕra, ae (sc. bestia), f., a wild animal, wild beast (class.):

immani et vastae insidens beluae, quocumque vult, inflectit illam feram,

Cic. Rep. 2, 40; cf. id. Rosc. Am. 26, 71:

neque ulla re longius absumus a natura ferarum,

id. Off. 1, 16, 50:

ipsae ferae nullo insequente saepe incidunt (in plagas),

id. ib. 3, 17, 68:

multa in ea (silva Hercynia) genera ferarum nasci constat,

Caes. B. G. 6, 25 fin.:

neque homini neque ferae parcunt,

id. ib. 6, 28, 2:

formidolosae dum latent silvis ferae,

Hor. Epod. 5, 55:

more ferarum,

id. S. 1, 3, 109:

Romulea fera,

the she-wolf that suckled Romulus, Juv. 11, 104; a sea-monster, Ov. M. 4, 713; 719; a serpent, Hyg. Astr. 2, 42; the ant, Mart. 6, 15, 2; the constellations of the Great and Little Bear:

magna minorque ferae,

id. Tr. 4, 3, 1; Vulg. Gen. 37, 20.— Prov.: ferae inter se placidae sunt, morsuque similium abstinent, Sen. de lra, 2, 8, 3.—

Transf., of places (syn. incultus):

in locis feris arbores plura ferunt, in his, quae sunt culta, meliora,

wild, uncultivated, Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 7; cf.: ferus, ager incultus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 86 Müll.:

montes,

Verg. E. 5, 28:

silvae,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 92.—

Trop., wild, rude, uncultivated; savage, barbarous, fierce, cruel (syn.: immanis, agrestis, inhumanus;

opp. mansuetus, humanus): ipsis in hominibus nulla gens est neque tam mansueta neque tam fera, quae non, etc.,

Cic. Leg. 1, 8, 24; cf.:

nulla gens tam fera, nemo omnium tam immanis, cujus, etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 13, 30; id. Phil. 3, 9, 23:

ex feris et immanibus mites reddidit et mansuetos,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 2; id. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 51:

ferus atque agrestis,

id. Rosc. Am. 27, 74:

inhumani ac feri testes,

id. Rep. 1, 37 fin.; cf. Ter. And. 1, 5, 43:

ferus et ferreus,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 3:

quam ferus et vere ferreus ille fuit!

Tib. 1, 10, 2;

v. ferreus: nemo adeo ferus est, ut non mitescere possit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 39:

Britanni hospitibus feri,

id. C. 3, 4, 33:

Numantia,

id. ib. 2, 12, 1:

Iberia,

id. ib. 4, 5, 27:

animi hominum, studiis bellandi jam immanes ac feri,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14; id. Fragm. ap. Non. 342, 33 (Rep. 2, 23 ed. Mos.):

ingenium immansuetum ferumque,

Ov. M. 15, 85; cf.:

(ostendere ejus) mores feros immanemque naturam,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 13, 37:

homines a fera agrestique vita ad hunc humanum cultum civilemque deducere,

id. de Or. 1, 8, 33:

victus,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 2:

moenera militiaï,

Lucr. 1, 29:

munera belli,

id. 1, 32:

hiems,

Ov. Tr. 1, 1, 42; cf.:

diluvies,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 40:

sacra (of death by sacrifice),

Ov. M. 13, 454:

dolores lenire requie,

id. ib. 13, 317.—With supine: ferum visu dictuque (= deinon idein kai legein), Sil. 1, 175.—No comp. or sup.

hortor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. pres. hortarier, Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5), v. dep. [for horitor, v. horior], to urge one strongly to do a thing, to incite, instigate, encourage, cheer, exhort (freq. and class.; cf.: moneo, admoneo, suadeo).

In gen., constr. aliquem, aliquem ad or in aliquid, ut, ne, with the simple subj., de aliqua re, aliquid, with the inf. or absol.

With acc. pers.:

coquos,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5 sq.:

hacc, quae supra scripta sunt, eo spectant, ut te horter et suadeam,

Cic. Fam. 13, 4, 3: neque nos hortari neque dehortari decet Hominem peregrinum, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 61:

timentem,

Ov. M. 10, 466:

celeres canes,

id. H. 4, 41; cf.:

terribiles hortatus equos,

spurring on, id. M. 5, 421:

vitulos,

Verg. G. 3, 164:

pedes,

to drive on, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 7:

senex in culina clamat: hortatur cocos: Quin agitis hodie?

Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 6:

hortari coepit eundem Verbis, quae timido quoque possent addere mentem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 35.—

Ad or in aliquid:

ad laudem milites,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

ad concordiam,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

ad curam rei publicae,

id. 5, 11, 24:

ad diligentiam,

id. 9, 4, 133:

ad quaerendum,

id. 5, 12, 1:

ad reliqua fortius exsequenda,

id. 4, 5, 23:

paribus Messapum in proelia dictis Hortatur,

Verg. A. 11, 521:

in amicitiam jungendam,

Liv. 43, 19, 14.—

De aliqua re:

iisdem de rebus etiam atque etiam hortor, quibus superioribus litteris hortatus sum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:

de Aufidiano nomine nihil te hortor,

id. ib. 16, 19:

aliquem de concilianda pace,

Caes. B. C. 1, 26, 3.—

With ut, ne, or the simple subj.:

Pompeium et hortari et orare... ut magnam infamiam fugiat, non desistemus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2:

petit atque hortatur, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19 fin.:

ipse equo circumiens unumquemque nominans appellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminerint, etc.,

Sall. C. 59, 5:

magno opere te hortor, ut, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3:

ego vos hortari tantum possum, ut amicitiam omnibus rebus humanis anteponatis,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 27, 104:

juvenes ut illam ire viam pergant,

Juv. 14, 121:

te sedulo Et moneo et hortor, ne cujusquam misereat,

Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 7; Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 52:

Ambiorix in Nervios pervenit hortaturque, ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasionem dimittant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 38, 2:

hortatur eos, ne animo deficiant,

id. B. C. 1, 19, 1.—With the simple subj.:

Labienum Treboniumque hortatur... ad eam diem revertantur,

id. B. G. 6, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 21, 4:

quid ego vos, de vestro impendatis, hortor?

Liv. 6, 15, 10:

hortatur et monet, imitetur vicinum suum Octavium,

Suet. Aug. 3 fin. —

Aliquem aliquid or simply aliquid:

sin tu (quod te jamdudum hortor) exieris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 12: trepidus hortabar fugam, Poët. ap. Charis. 1, 4 fin.:

equidem pacem hortari non desino,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.; so,

pacem amicitiamque,

Nep. Dat. 8, 5:

vias,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 22:

me miseram! cupio non persuadere quod hortor,

Ov. H. 19, 187.—

With inf. or an object-clause (rare):

cum legati hortarentur accipere,

Nep. Phoc. 1, 3:

(Daedalus) dedit oscula nato, Hortaturque sequi,

Ov. M. 8, 215; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 69:

(Chariclem medicum) remanere ac recumbere hortatus est,

Suet. Tib. 72 (cf. in the foll. b.).—

With supine:

neque ego vos ultum injurias hortor,

Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch.—

Absol.:

hortor, asto, admoneo,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 10:

Sigambri fuga comparata, hortantibus iis, quos, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 18 fin.:

hortante et jubente Vercingetorige,

id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Nep. Att. 10, 4 al.—

Of inanim. or abstract things:

pol benefacta tua me hortantur, tuo ut imperio paream,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 60: res, tempus, locus, simul otium hortabatur, ut, etc., Afran. ap. Non. 523, 14:

multae res ad hoc consilium Gallos hortabantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 6:

secundum ea multae res eum hortabantur, quare sibi eam rem cogitandam et suscipiendam putaret,

id. ib. 1, 33, 2.—With inf.:

(rei publicae dignitas) me ad sese rapit, haec minora relinquere hortatur,

Cic. Sest. 3, 7.—

Prov.:

hortari currentem,

i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Att. 13, 45, 2; v. curro. —

In partic., in milit. lang., to exhort soldiers before a battle:

Sabinus suos hortatus cupientibus signum dat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

pauca pro tempore milites hortatus,

Sall. J. 49, 6:

suos hortando ad virtutem arrigere,

id. ib. 23, 1; Ov. A. A. 1, 207.

Also in the act. form, horto, āre (Prisc. p. 797 P.), Enn. Ann. 554 Vahl.; perf. hortavi, Sen. Suas. 5, 8.—

hortor, āri, in pass. signif.: ab amicis hortaretur, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf. Gell. 15, 13, 1: hoste hortato, Auct. B. Hisp. 1 fin.

hortor, ātus, 1 (archaic inf. pres. hortarier, Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5), v. dep. [for horitor, v. horior], to urge one strongly to do a thing, to incite, instigate, encourage, cheer, exhort (freq. and class.; cf.: moneo, admoneo, suadeo).

In gen., constr. aliquem, aliquem ad or in aliquid, ut, ne, with the simple subj., de aliqua re, aliquid, with the inf. or absol.

With acc. pers.:

coquos,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 2, 5 sq.:

hacc, quae supra scripta sunt, eo spectant, ut te horter et suadeam,

Cic. Fam. 13, 4, 3: neque nos hortari neque dehortari decet Hominem peregrinum, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 61:

timentem,

Ov. M. 10, 466:

celeres canes,

id. H. 4, 41; cf.:

terribiles hortatus equos,

spurring on, id. M. 5, 421:

vitulos,

Verg. G. 3, 164:

pedes,

to drive on, Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 7:

senex in culina clamat: hortatur cocos: Quin agitis hodie?

Plaut. Cas. 4, 1, 6:

hortari coepit eundem Verbis, quae timido quoque possent addere mentem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 35.—

Ad or in aliquid:

ad laudem milites,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

ad concordiam,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

ad curam rei publicae,

id. 5, 11, 24:

ad diligentiam,

id. 9, 4, 133:

ad quaerendum,

id. 5, 12, 1:

ad reliqua fortius exsequenda,

id. 4, 5, 23:

paribus Messapum in proelia dictis Hortatur,

Verg. A. 11, 521:

in amicitiam jungendam,

Liv. 43, 19, 14.—

De aliqua re:

iisdem de rebus etiam atque etiam hortor, quibus superioribus litteris hortatus sum,

Cic. Fam. 4, 9, 1:

de Aufidiano nomine nihil te hortor,

id. ib. 16, 19:

aliquem de concilianda pace,

Caes. B. C. 1, 26, 3.—

With ut, ne, or the simple subj.:

Pompeium et hortari et orare... ut magnam infamiam fugiat, non desistemus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 2:

petit atque hortatur, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 19 fin.:

ipse equo circumiens unumquemque nominans appellat, hortatur, rogat, uti meminerint, etc.,

Sall. C. 59, 5:

magno opere te hortor, ut, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3:

ego vos hortari tantum possum, ut amicitiam omnibus rebus humanis anteponatis,

id. Lael. 5, 17; 27, 104:

juvenes ut illam ire viam pergant,

Juv. 14, 121:

te sedulo Et moneo et hortor, ne cujusquam misereat,

Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 7; Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 52:

Ambiorix in Nervios pervenit hortaturque, ne sui in perpetuum liberandi occasionem dimittant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 38, 2:

hortatur eos, ne animo deficiant,

id. B. C. 1, 19, 1.—With the simple subj.:

Labienum Treboniumque hortatur... ad eam diem revertantur,

id. B. G. 6, 33 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 21, 4:

quid ego vos, de vestro impendatis, hortor?

Liv. 6, 15, 10:

hortatur et monet, imitetur vicinum suum Octavium,

Suet. Aug. 3 fin. —

Aliquem aliquid or simply aliquid:

sin tu (quod te jamdudum hortor) exieris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 12: trepidus hortabar fugam, Poët. ap. Charis. 1, 4 fin.:

equidem pacem hortari non desino,

Cic. Att. 7, 14 fin.; so,

pacem amicitiamque,

Nep. Dat. 8, 5:

vias,

Stat. S. 3, 5, 22:

me miseram! cupio non persuadere quod hortor,

Ov. H. 19, 187.—

With inf. or an object-clause (rare):

cum legati hortarentur accipere,

Nep. Phoc. 1, 3:

(Daedalus) dedit oscula nato, Hortaturque sequi,

Ov. M. 8, 215; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 69:

(Chariclem medicum) remanere ac recumbere hortatus est,

Suet. Tib. 72 (cf. in the foll. b.).—

With supine:

neque ego vos ultum injurias hortor,

Sall. H. Fragm. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch.—

Absol.:

hortor, asto, admoneo,

Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 10:

Sigambri fuga comparata, hortantibus iis, quos, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 18 fin.:

hortante et jubente Vercingetorige,

id. ib. 7, 26, 1; Nep. Att. 10, 4 al.—

Of inanim. or abstract things:

pol benefacta tua me hortantur, tuo ut imperio paream,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 60: res, tempus, locus, simul otium hortabatur, ut, etc., Afran. ap. Non. 523, 14:

multae res ad hoc consilium Gallos hortabantur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 6:

secundum ea multae res eum hortabantur, quare sibi eam rem cogitandam et suscipiendam putaret,

id. ib. 1, 33, 2.—With inf.:

(rei publicae dignitas) me ad sese rapit, haec minora relinquere hortatur,

Cic. Sest. 3, 7.—

Prov.:

hortari currentem,

i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Fin. 5, 2, 6; id. Att. 13, 45, 2; v. curro. —

In partic., in milit. lang., to exhort soldiers before a battle:

Sabinus suos hortatus cupientibus signum dat,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 2:

pauca pro tempore milites hortatus,

Sall. J. 49, 6:

suos hortando ad virtutem arrigere,

id. ib. 23, 1; Ov. A. A. 1, 207.

Also in the act. form, horto, āre (Prisc. p. 797 P.), Enn. Ann. 554 Vahl.; perf. hortavi, Sen. Suas. 5, 8.—

hortor, āri, in pass. signif.: ab amicis hortaretur, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 793 P.; cf. Gell. 15, 13, 1: hoste hortato, Auct. B. Hisp. 1 fin.

prŏfĭciscor, fectus, 3, v. dep. n. [profacio, facesso, faciscor; orig., to make, i. e. put one's self forward; hence], to set out, start, go, march, travel, depart, etc. (class.; cf. progredior).

Lit.:

proficisci ad dormiendum,

to go to sleep, Cic. Div. 2, 58, 119:

ad somnum,

id. ib. 1, 30, 62:

ad sedes inquirendas,

Just. 3, 4, 10:

pabulatum frumentatumque,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 10:

subsidio alicui,

Nep. Iph. 2, 5:

ad bellum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 29; Liv. 4, 45 sq.; Nep. Alc. 4, 1:

ad eam domum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69:

Puteolos,

id. Ac. 2, 31:

in Illyricum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 7:

in pugnam,

id. B. C. 3, 99:

in bellum,

Just. 2, 11, 9; Gell. 17, 9, 8:

in expeditionem,

Sall. J. 103, 4:

in Volscos,

Liv. 2, 30; 2, 62; Just. 1, 6, 10:

in exercitum,

Plaut. Am. 5, 2, 7:

hinc in pistrinum rectā viā,

Ter. And. 3, 4, 21:

contra quosdam barbaros, Nep Eum 3, 5: Cyprum,

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 16:

Corinthum,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 11:

domum,

id. Phorm. 5, 6, 20:

Genabum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1:

Romam,

Sall. C. 34, 1:

domos,

Liv. 2, 14:

Circeios,

id. 2, 39: jussit proficisci exilium quovis gentium, Att. ap. Non. 185, 6 (Trag. Rel. v 599 Rib.): Jovinus eadem loca profectus, Amm 27, 8, 2.—With supine:

porro proficiscor quaesitum,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 98.— Absol.:

proficisci,

to make a journey, Dig. 17, 2, 52:

ab urbe,

to set out, depart, Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

ab Antio,

Liv. 2, 33:

ex castris,

to break up, Caes. B. C. 1, 78:

e castris,

id. ib. 1, 12:

domo,

Sall. J. 79, 4; Liv. 2, 26; 2, 4:

portu,

id. 9, 26:

regno,

Just. 37, 3, 4:

Athenis,

Nep. Milt. 1, 5:

de Formiano,

Cic. Att. 2, 8, 2.—

Transf., to be going or about to go, to intend to go to a place, to start (ante-class.):

potin' ut me ire, quo profectus sum, sinas?

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 2:

tu profectus alio fueras, Ter Eun. 2, 2, 49: cum proficisceretur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1; Cic. Cat. 2, 7, 15; Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 1; 2, 2, 20.—

Trop.

In gen., to go, come, proceed:

nunc proficiscemur ad reliqua,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 5, § 10.—

In partic.

To set out, begin, commence:

ut inde oratio mea proficiscatur, unde, etc.,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

cum omnis haec quaestio ab eo proficiscatur,

id. Fin. 5, 8, 23;

a philosophiā profectus Xenophon scripsit historiam,

id. de Or. 2, 14, 58:

ei proficiscendum est ab omni mundo,

id. Fin. 3, 22, 73.—

To come forth, spring, arise, proceed, originate:

cum omnia officia a principiis naturae proficiscantur, ab iisdem necesse est proficisci ipsam sapientiam,

Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 23; 1, 12, 42; 3, 6, 22:

falsis initiis profecta,

id. ib. 1, 21, 72:

ex medicinā nihil oportet putare proficisci, nisi quod ad corporis utilitatem spectet,

id. Inv. 1, 38, 68: quaecumque a me ornamenta ad te proficiscentur, shall pass from me to you, i. e. you shall receive from me, id. Fam. 2, 19, 2: omnia quae a me profecta sunt in te, tibi accidisse gratissime, all you have received from me, id. ib. 3, 1, 1:

ut plura a parente proficisci non potuerint,

Nep. Att. 9, 4:

qui a Zenone profecti sunt,

who have proceeded from him, his disciples, Cic. Div 1, 3, 5; cf.:

omnes ab Aristotele profecti,

id. ib. 1, 35, 61.—So, to express descent ( poet.):

Tyriā de gente profecti,

Ov. M. 3, 35; Verg. A. 8, 51.— Act. collat. form prŏfĭcisco, ĕre, to set out, go, etc. (anteclass.):

priusquam proficisco,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 19; hortatur hominem, quam primum proficisceret, Turp. ap. Non. 471, 2.

pŭdĕo, ŭi, or pŭdĭtum est, ēre ( dep. form pudeatur, Petr. 47, 4), 2, v. a. and n. [root pu-, pav-, to strike; Sanscr. paviram, weapon; cf. pavire (puvire), tripudium, etc.], to make or be ashamed, to feel shame; to be influenced or restrained by shame or by respect for a person or thing.—In the verb. finit. extremely rare:

ita nunc pudeo,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 3:

siquidem te quicquam, quod facis, pudet,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 30; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 4:

idne pudet te, quia, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 4:

pudet, quod prius non puditum umquam est,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 4.—In plur.:

non te haec pudent?

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 36:

semper metuet, quem Saeva pudebunt,

Luc. 8, 495.—Chiefly used as a verb. impers., pudet, ŭit, or pudĭtum est, one is or feels ashamed, it causes a feeling of shame, etc; constr. aliquem alicujus rei, or with a subj.-clause:

quos, cum nihil refert, pudet: ubi pudendum est, ibi eos deserit pudor, cum usus est, ut pudeat,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 1, 1 sq.:

fratris me Pudet,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 19:

sunt homines, quos infamiae suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

pudet me non tui quidem, sed Chrysippi, etc.,

id. Div. 2, 15, 35:

cujus eos non pudere demiror,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

ceteros pudeat, si qui, etc.... me autem quid pudeat?

id. Arch. 6, 12; Ov. M. 7, 617:

cicatricum et sceleris pudet,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 33:

nam pudet tanti mali,

id. Epod. 11, 7; Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 12:

tum puderet vivos, tamquam puditurum esset exstinctos,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 108:

deūm me hercle atque hominum pudet,

before gods and men, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 67; Liv. 3, 19, 7.—With subj.-clause:

pudet Dicere hac praesente verbum turpe: at te id nullo modo Facere puduit,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 20:

puderet me dicere non intellegere, si, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

servire aeternos non puduisse deos?

Tib. 2, 3, 30: nec lusisse pudet sed non incidere [p. 1486] ludum, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

scripta pudet recitare,

id. ib. 1, 19, 42:

nonne esset puditum, legatum dici Maeandrium?

Cic. Fl. 22, 52.—With supine:

pudet dictu,

Tac. Agr. 32.—In the gerund:

non enim pudendo, sed non faciendo id, quod non decet, impudentiae nomen effugere debemus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

inducitur ad pudendum,

id. Brut. 50, 188.—Hence,

pŭdens, entis, P. a., shamefaced, bashful, modest (class.):

muta pudens est,

Lucr. 4, 1164:

pudens et probus filius,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

cur nescire, pudens prave, quam discere malo?

Hor. A. P. 88:

nihil pudens, nihil pudicum in eo apparet,

Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2:

animus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:

pudens et liberalis risus,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23.— Comp., Cic. Pis. 17.— Sup.:

homo,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

vir,

id. Fl. 20:

femina,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 94.— Adv.: pŭdenter, modestly, bashfully, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 190 P.; Cic. Quint. 11, 39; id. Vatin. 2, 6:

sumere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44; id. A. P. 51.— Comp.:

pudentius accedere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364; Gell. 12, 11, 5. — Sup.:

pudentissime aliquid petere,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.—

pŭdendus, a, um, P. a., of which one ought to be ashamed, shameful, scandalous, disgraceful, abominable (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ut jam pudendum sit honestiora decreta esse legionum quam senatus,

Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:

vita,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 108:

vulnera,

Verg. A. 11, 55:

causa,

Ov. H. 5, 98:

parentes,

Suet. Vit. 2:

negotiationes vel privato pudendas exercere,

id. Vesp. 16:

pudenda miserandaque oratio,

id. Tib. 65:

pudenda dictu spectantur,

Quint. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

pudendumque dictu, si, etc.,

id. 6, 4, 7:

luxus,

Tac. A. 3, 53:

hoc quoque animal (sc. blatta) inter pudenda est,

Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 140:

proh cuncta pudendi!

wholly shameful! Sil. 11, 90:

membra,

the parts of shame, the privy parts, Ser. Samm. 36, 681.—

Subst.: pŭdenda, ōrum, n. (sc. membra).

The private parts (post-class.), Aus. Per. Odyss. 6; id. Idyll. 6, 85; Aug. Civ. Dei, 14, 17; Sen. ad Marc. 22, 1; Vulg. Nah. 3, 5.—

The breech, fundament, Min. Fel. Oct. 28 med.

pŭdĕo, ŭi, or pŭdĭtum est, ēre ( dep. form pudeatur, Petr. 47, 4), 2, v. a. and n. [root pu-, pav-, to strike; Sanscr. paviram, weapon; cf. pavire (puvire), tripudium, etc.], to make or be ashamed, to feel shame; to be influenced or restrained by shame or by respect for a person or thing.—In the verb. finit. extremely rare:

ita nunc pudeo,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 3:

siquidem te quicquam, quod facis, pudet,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 30; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 4:

idne pudet te, quia, etc.,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 4:

pudet, quod prius non puditum umquam est,

id. Cas. 5, 2, 4.—In plur.:

non te haec pudent?

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 36:

semper metuet, quem Saeva pudebunt,

Luc. 8, 495.—Chiefly used as a verb. impers., pudet, ŭit, or pudĭtum est, one is or feels ashamed, it causes a feeling of shame, etc; constr. aliquem alicujus rei, or with a subj.-clause:

quos, cum nihil refert, pudet: ubi pudendum est, ibi eos deserit pudor, cum usus est, ut pudeat,

Plaut. Ep. 2, 1, 1 sq.:

fratris me Pudet,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 38; id. Heaut. 2, 3, 19:

sunt homines, quos infamiae suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,

Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:

pudet me non tui quidem, sed Chrysippi, etc.,

id. Div. 2, 15, 35:

cujus eos non pudere demiror,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

ceteros pudeat, si qui, etc.... me autem quid pudeat?

id. Arch. 6, 12; Ov. M. 7, 617:

cicatricum et sceleris pudet,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 33:

nam pudet tanti mali,

id. Epod. 11, 7; Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 12:

tum puderet vivos, tamquam puditurum esset exstinctos,

Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 108:

deūm me hercle atque hominum pudet,

before gods and men, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 67; Liv. 3, 19, 7.—With subj.-clause:

pudet Dicere hac praesente verbum turpe: at te id nullo modo Facere puduit,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 20:

puderet me dicere non intellegere, si, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:

servire aeternos non puduisse deos?

Tib. 2, 3, 30: nec lusisse pudet sed non incidere [p. 1486] ludum, Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

scripta pudet recitare,

id. ib. 1, 19, 42:

nonne esset puditum, legatum dici Maeandrium?

Cic. Fl. 22, 52.—With supine:

pudet dictu,

Tac. Agr. 32.—In the gerund:

non enim pudendo, sed non faciendo id, quod non decet, impudentiae nomen effugere debemus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 120:

inducitur ad pudendum,

id. Brut. 50, 188.—Hence,

pŭdens, entis, P. a., shamefaced, bashful, modest (class.):

muta pudens est,

Lucr. 4, 1164:

pudens et probus filius,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

cur nescire, pudens prave, quam discere malo?

Hor. A. P. 88:

nihil pudens, nihil pudicum in eo apparet,

Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 28; id. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 2:

animus,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 68:

pudens et liberalis risus,

Auct. Her. 3, 13, 23.— Comp., Cic. Pis. 17.— Sup.:

homo,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

vir,

id. Fl. 20:

femina,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 37, § 94.— Adv.: pŭdenter, modestly, bashfully, Afran. ap. Charis. p. 190 P.; Cic. Quint. 11, 39; id. Vatin. 2, 6:

sumere,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44; id. A. P. 51.— Comp.:

pudentius accedere,

Cic. de Or. 2, 89, 364; Gell. 12, 11, 5. — Sup.:

pudentissime aliquid petere,

Cic. Att. 16, 15, 5.—

pŭdendus, a, um, P. a., of which one ought to be ashamed, shameful, scandalous, disgraceful, abominable (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

ut jam pudendum sit honestiora decreta esse legionum quam senatus,

Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:

vita,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 108:

vulnera,

Verg. A. 11, 55:

causa,

Ov. H. 5, 98:

parentes,

Suet. Vit. 2:

negotiationes vel privato pudendas exercere,

id. Vesp. 16:

pudenda miserandaque oratio,

id. Tib. 65:

pudenda dictu spectantur,

Quint. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

pudendumque dictu, si, etc.,

id. 6, 4, 7:

luxus,

Tac. A. 3, 53:

hoc quoque animal (sc. blatta) inter pudenda est,

Plin. 29, 6, 39, § 140:

proh cuncta pudendi!

wholly shameful! Sil. 11, 90:

membra,

the parts of shame, the privy parts, Ser. Samm. 36, 681.—

Subst.: pŭdenda, ōrum, n. (sc. membra).

The private parts (post-class.), Aus. Per. Odyss. 6; id. Idyll. 6, 85; Aug. Civ. Dei, 14, 17; Sen. ad Marc. 22, 1; Vulg. Nah. 3, 5.—

The breech, fundament, Min. Fel. Oct. 28 med.