-
21 all together
1) Общая лексика: вообще, в общей сложности (The laboratories used slightly different SFE parameters to extract the eighteen to twenty-five pesticides on four to six commodities, all together sixty-one pesticides and twelve commodities), как по команде2) Разговорное выражение: всем миром (вместе, сообща, в согласии, дружно jointly, by pooling resources)3) Математика: всего4) Пословица: в один голос (говорить, отвечать, спрашивать) -
22 sixtieth
1) (one of sixty equal parts.) tresindstyvendedel2) (( also adjective) (the) last of sixty (people, things etc); (the) next after the fifty-ninth.) tresindstyvende* * *1) (one of sixty equal parts.) tresindstyvendedel2) (( also adjective) (the) last of sixty (people, things etc); (the) next after the fifty-ninth.) tresindstyvende -
23 push
1. transitive verb1) schieben; (make fall) stoßen; schubsen (ugs.)don't push me like that! — schieb od. drängel [doch] nicht so!
push a car — (to start the engine) ein Auto anschieben
push the door to/open — die Tür zu-/aufstoßen
she pushed the door instead of pulling — sie drückte gegen die Tür, statt zu ziehen
push something up the hill — etwas den Berg hinaufschieben
push one's way through/into/on to etc. something — sich (Dat.) einen Weg durch/in/auf usw. etwas (Akk.) bahnen
2) (fig.): (impel) drängenpush somebody into doing something — jemanden dahin bringen, dass er etwas tut
3) (tax)push somebody [hard] — jemanden [stark] fordern
push somebody too hard/too far — jemanden überfordern
he pushes himself very hard — er verlangt sich (Dat.) sehr viel ab
be pushed for something — (coll.): (find it difficult to provide something) mit etwas knapp sein
be pushed for money or cash — knapp bei Kasse sein (ugs.)
be pushed to do something — (coll.) Mühe haben, etwas zu tun
push one's luck — (coll.) übermütig werden
4) (press for sale of) die Werbetrommel rühren für; pushen (Werbejargon)5) (sell illegally, esp. drugs) dealen; pushen (Drogenjargon)6) (advance)push something a step/stage further — etwas einen Schritt vorantreiben
push things to extremes — die Dinge od. es zum Äußersten od. auf die Spitze treiben
7) (coll.)2. intransitive verbbe pushing sixty — etc. auf die Sechzig usw. zugehen
‘Push’ — (on door etc.) "Drücken"
3) (make one's way)4) (assert oneself for one's advancement) sich in den Vordergrund spielen3. noun1) Stoß, der; Schubs, der (ugs.)give something a push — etwas schieben od. stoßen
give somebody a push — jemandem einen Schubs geben (ugs.); jemandem einen Stoß versetzen
My car won't start; can you give me a push? — Mein Auto springt nicht an. Kannst du mich anschieben?
4) (crisis)when it comes/came to the push, (Amer. coll.) when push comes/came to shove — wenn es ernst wird/als es ernst wurde
5) (Brit. coll.): (dismissal)get the push — rausfliegen (ugs.)
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/59208/push_about">push about- push in- push off- push on- push out- push up* * *[puʃ] 1. verb1) (to press against something, in order to (try to) move it further away: He pushed the door open; She pushed him away; He pushed against the door with his shoulder; The queue can't move any faster, so stop pushing!; I had a good view of the race till someone pushed in front of me.) stoßen2) (to try to make (someone) do something; to urge on, especially foolishly: She pushed him into applying for the job.) drängen3) (to sell (drugs) illegally.) mit Drogen handeln2. noun1) (a movement of pressure against something; a thrust: She gave him a push.) der Stoß2) (energy and determination: He has enough push to do well in his job.) der Schwung•- push-bike- push-chair
- pushover
- be pushed for
- push around
- push off
- push on
- push over* * *[pʊʃ]I. NOUN<pl -es>my car won't start — can you give me a \push? mein Auto springt nicht an, kannst du mal anschieben?to give sb/sth a \push jdm/etw einen Stoß versetzenhe gave the girl on the swing a \push er schubste das Mädchen auf der Schaukel anat the \push of a button auf Knopfdruck a. figthe company plans to make a big \push into Europe das Unternehmen will eine große Kampagne zur Erschließung des europäischen Marktes startento make a \push for sth etw anstrebento make a \push to do sth Anstrengungen unternehmen, etw zu tun5. (publicity)the company is giving passion fruit a \push this month die Firma macht diesen Monat Werbung für Passionsfrüchte7.at a \push, I could make 7.30 wenn ich mich sehr beeile, könnte ich es bis 7.30 Uhr schaffen▶ to get [or be given] the \push ( fam: boy-/girlfriend) den Laufpass kriegen fam; (be fired) gefeuert werden famII. TRANSITIVE VERB1. (shove)▪ to \push sth etw schiebenhe \pushed his plate away from him er schob seinen Teller wegshe \pushed her hair out of her eyes sie strich sich die Haare aus den Augenhe \pushed his way through the herd of cattle er kämpfte sich durch die Viehherdehe \pushed his bike up the hill er schob sein Fahrrad den Hügel hinauf2. (move forcefully)she \pushed the drawer hard sie drückte fest gegen die Schubladehe \pushed the ball over the bar er stieß den Ball über die Latteto \push the door open/shut eine Tür auf-/zuschieben [o SCHWEIZ auf-/zustossen]; (violently) eine Tür auf-/zustoßen3. (manoeuvre)▪ to \push sb towards sth jdn in eine Richtung drängento \push the nation toward recovery die Nation auf den Weg des wirtschaftlichen Aufschwungs bringen4. (impose)▪ to \push sth [on sb] [jdm] etw aufdrängen [o aufzwingen5. (pressure)▪ to \push sb to do sth jdn [dazu] drängen, etw zu tun; (force) jdn zwingen, etw zu tun; (persuade) jdn überreden, etw zu tun▪ to \push sb into doing sth jdn dazu drängen, etw zu tunto \push a share STOCKEX jdn drängen, eine Aktie zu kaufen6. (press)he \pushed the money into my hand er drückte mir das Geld in die Handto \push a button auf einen Knopf drückento \push the doorbell klingeln, SCHWEIZ, ÖSTERR a. läutento \push one's point home seinen Standpunkt verdeutlichen7. (be persistent)▪ to \push sb jdn drängenwhen I \pushed him, he admitted that... als ich ihn in die Enge trieb, gab er zu, dass...8. (demand a lot)to \push sb to his/her limit jdn bis zum Äußersten treibensometimes you \push me to the point of violence! manchmal treibst du mich echt zur Weißglut! famto be \pushed for money/time wenig Geld/Zeit habenI'm rather \pushed for cash ich bin ziemlich knapp bei Kasseshe looks rather \pushed sie sieht ziemlich gehetzt austo \push drugs to sb Drogen an jdn verkaufen13. (approach)to \push sth too far etw übertreibenthat's \pushing it a bit das ist etwas übertrieben15.III. INTRANSITIVE VERBI'm sorry, I didn't mean to \push in front of you Entschuldigung, ich wollte mich nicht vordrängeln“\push” (on a door) „Drücken“to \push hard mit Kraft [o feste] drücken famto \push and pull [or shove] hin- und herschieben3. (bear down) pressen4. (support)* * *[pʊʃ]1. n1) Schubs m (inf); (short) Stoß m; (in childbirth) Drücken nt no plto give sb/sth a push — jdn/etw schieben, jdm/einer Sache einen Stoß versetzen
he needs a little push now and then (fig) — den muss man mal ab und zu in die Rippen stoßen (inf)
to get the push ( Brit inf ) (employee) — (raus)fliegen (inf) (from aus); (boyfriend) den Laufpass kriegen (inf)
to give sb the push ( Brit inf, employee ) — jdn rausschmeißen (inf); boyfriend jdm den Laufpass geben (inf)
2) (= effort) Anstrengung f; (= sales push) Kampagne f, Aktion f; (MIL = offensive) Offensive fto make a push — sich ranhalten (inf), Dampf machen (inf); (Mil)
3) (= drive, aggression) Durchsetzungsvermögen nt4) (inf)if/when it comes to the push — wenn es darauf ankommt
if/when push comes to shove — wenn der schlimmste Fall eintritt
2. vt1) (= shove, move by pushing) schieben; (quickly, violently) stoßen, schubsen (inf); (= press) button, controls drückento push a door open/shut — eine Tür auf-/zuschieben; (quickly, violently) eine Tür auf-/zustoßen
he pushed the thought to the back of his mind —
he pushed the ball over the bar (Sport) — er hat den Ball über die Latte gestoßen
2) (fig) views, claims, interests durchzusetzen versuchen; candidate die Werbetrommel rühren für; export side intensiv fördern; product propagieren, massiv Werbung machen für, puschen (inf), puschen (inf); drugs schieben, pushen (inf)he's pushing his luck trying to do that — er legt es wirklich darauf an, wenn er das versucht
to push sb into doing sth — jdn dazu treiben, etw zu tun
to push sb to do sth — jdn dazu drängen, etw zu tun
to push sb for payment —
don't push him so hard to make a decision — drängen or drängeln (inf) Sie ihn nicht zu sehr zu einer Entscheidung
to be pushed (for time) (inf) — mit der Zeit knapp dran sein, unter Zeitdruck stehen
3. vi1) (= shove) schieben; (quickly, violently) stoßen; (= press, also in childbirth) drücken; (in a crowd) drängen, drängeln (inf); (= press onward) sich (vorwärts)kämpfen; (fig = be ambitious, assert oneself) kämpfen; (= apply pressure) drängen, drängeln (inf)push harder! — fester schieben/stoßen/drücken!
2)this door pushes (open) — bei dieser Tür muss man drücken
* * *push [pʊʃ]A s1. Stoß m, Schubs m:at a push bes Br umga) notfalls, wenn es sein muss,b) wenn nichts dazwischenkommt;a) jemandem einen Stoß geben oder versetzen,b) AUTO jemanden anschieben;2. ARCH, GEOL, TECH (horizontaler) Druck, Schub m3. Anstrengung f, Bemühung f:make a push sich mächtig anstrengen;at the first push auf Anhieb5. MIL (Groß)Offensive f:make a push eine Offensive starten6. (Werbe)Kampagne f7. fig Anstoß m, Antrieb m8. Druck m, Drang m (der Verhältnisse)9. umg Schwung m, Energie f, Tatkraft f11. umg (Menschen)Menge f12. Aus sla) Clique fb) Verein m, Bande fB v/t1. stoßen, schieben, schubsen, drücken:push away wegstoßen;push open aufstoßen;push over umstoßen, umwerfen2. drängen:push the enemy into the sea den Feind ins Meer treiben;push one’s way through sich durchdrängen (durch)3. (an)treiben, drängen ( beide:to zu;to do zu tun):push sb for jemanden bedrängen wegen, jemandem zusetzen wegen;push sb for payment bei jemandem auf Bezahlung drängen;I am pushed for time ich bin in Zeitnot, ich komme ins Gedränge;be pushed for money in Geldverlegenheit sein;push sth on sb jemandem etwas aufdrängen4. auch push ahead ( oder forward, on) eine Angelegenheit energisch betreiben oder verfolgen, vorantreiben:push sth too far etwas zu weit treiben;push one’s luck umg übermütig werden6. Reklame machen für, die Trommel rühren fürpush drugs auch dealenhe is pushing seventy er geht auf die Siebzig zuC v/i1. schieben, stoßen, schubsen2. drücken, drängen:3. sich tüchtig ins Zeug legen:push for drängen auf (akk)4. (rücksichtslos) vorwärtsstreben (nach höherer Stellung etc)* * *1. transitive verb1) schieben; (make fall) stoßen; schubsen (ugs.)don't push me like that! — schieb od. drängel [doch] nicht so!
push a car — (to start the engine) ein Auto anschieben
push the door to/open — die Tür zu-/aufstoßen
she pushed the door instead of pulling — sie drückte gegen die Tür, statt zu ziehen
push one's way through/into/on to etc. something — sich (Dat.) einen Weg durch/in/auf usw. etwas (Akk.) bahnen
2) (fig.): (impel) drängenpush somebody into doing something — jemanden dahin bringen, dass er etwas tut
3) (tax)push somebody [hard] — jemanden [stark] fordern
push somebody too hard/too far — jemanden überfordern
he pushes himself very hard — er verlangt sich (Dat.) sehr viel ab
be pushed for something — (coll.): (find it difficult to provide something) mit etwas knapp sein
be pushed for money or cash — knapp bei Kasse sein (ugs.)
be pushed to do something — (coll.) Mühe haben, etwas zu tun
push one's luck — (coll.) übermütig werden
4) (press for sale of) die Werbetrommel rühren für; pushen (Werbejargon)5) (sell illegally, esp. drugs) dealen; pushen (Drogenjargon)6) (advance)push something a step/stage further — etwas einen Schritt vorantreiben
push things to extremes — die Dinge od. es zum Äußersten od. auf die Spitze treiben
7) (coll.)2. intransitive verbbe pushing sixty — etc. auf die Sechzig usw. zugehen
1) schieben; (in queue) drängeln; (at door) drücken‘Push’ — (on door etc.) "Drücken"
push past or by somebody — sich an jemandem vorbeidrängeln od. -drücken
4) (assert oneself for one's advancement) sich in den Vordergrund spielen3. noun1) Stoß, der; Schubs, der (ugs.)give something a push — etwas schieben od. stoßen
give somebody a push — jemandem einen Schubs geben (ugs.); jemandem einen Stoß versetzen
My car won't start; can you give me a push? — Mein Auto springt nicht an. Kannst du mich anschieben?
4) (crisis)when it comes/came to the push, (Amer. coll.) when push comes/came to shove — wenn es ernst wird/als es ernst wurde
5) (Brit. coll.): (dismissal)get the push — rausfliegen (ugs.)
Phrasal Verbs:- push in- push off- push on- push out- push up* * *n.Anstoß -¨e m. v.abstoßen v.drängen v.drücken v.schieben v.(§ p.,pp.: schob, geschoben)stoßen v.(§ p.,pp.: stieß, gestossen) -
24 eighty
1. adjectiveachtzig; see also academic.ru/23561/eight">eight 1.2. nounAchtzig, diebe in one's eighties — in den Achtzigern sein
be in one's early/late eighties — Anfang/Ende Achtzig sein
the eighties — (years) die achtziger Jahre
the temperature will be rising [well] into the eighties — die Temperatur steigt auf [gut] über 80 Grad Fahrenheit; see also eight 2. 1)
* * *['eiti] 1. noun1) (the number or figure 80.) die Achtzig2) (the age of 80.) die Achtzig2. adjective1) (80 in number.) achtzig2) (aged 80.) achtzigjährig•- eighties- eightieth
- eighty- - eighty-year-old 3. adjectivean eighty-year-old widow.) achtzigjährig* * *[ˈeɪti, AM -t̬i]I. adj1. (number) achtzigthat costs \eighty pounds das kostet achtzig Pfundthe number \eighty goes to the station die Linie achtzig fährt zum Bahnhofthey're sold in packets of \eighty das gibt's im Achtzigerpack\eighty times the amount of... achtzig mal so viel...one in \eighty [people] jeder Achtzige2. (age)a man of \eighty ein achtzigjähriger Mannto be/turn \eighty achtzig [Jahre alt] sein/werdenat the age of \eighty [or at \eighty [years old]] [or aged \eighty] mit achtzig Jahren, im Alter von achtzig Jahren gehII. ntwo hundred and \eighty zweihundert[und]achtzig2. (age)to be in one's eighties in den Achtzigern seinto be in one's early/mid/late eighties Anfang/Mitte/Ende achtzig sein\eighty-one einundachtzig3. (decade)plin the eighties in den Achtzigernto be in the eighties um die 30 Grad Celsius warm sein6. (public transport)▪ the \eighty die Achtzig, der Achtziger* * *['eItɪ]1. adjachtzig2. nAchtzig f → sixtySee:→ sixty* * *eighty [ˈeıtı]A adj achtzigB s Achtzig f:he is in his eighties er ist in den Achtzigern;in the eighties in den Achtzigerjahren (eines Jahrhunderts)* * *1. adjectiveachtzig; see also eight 1.2. nounAchtzig, diebe in one's early/late eighties — Anfang/Ende Achtzig sein
the eighties — (years) die achtziger Jahre
the temperature will be rising [well] into the eighties — die Temperatur steigt auf [gut] über 80 Grad Fahrenheit; see also eight 2. 1)
* * *adj.achtzig adj. -
25 под
предл.
1) (кем-л./чем-л.;
кого-л./что-л.) (направление) under под гору ≈ downhill
2) (чем-л.;
что-л.) (used) for, with;
occupied by помещение под школой ≈ premises occupied by a school банка под варенье ≈ jam-jar поле под рожью ≈ rye-field, field of rye под землей ≈ underground
3) (кем-л./чем-л.;
около) near, by, of, in the environs of битва под Москвой ≈ the battle of Moscow
4) (что-л.;
о времени) toward(s), to;
about;
on the eve of;
close on под Новый год ≈ on New Year's Eve ему под пятьдесят (лет) ≈ he is getting on for fifty под вечер ≈ towards evening
5) (что-л.;
в сопровождении) to (the accompaniment of) под диктовку
6) (кого-л./что-л.;
наподобие) a la, in imitation of под орех
7) (что-л.;
в обмен на) in под залог ≈ on security под расписку ≈ on receipt
8) (чем-л.;
значение) by что под этим подразумевается? ≈ what is implied by this?
9) (чем-л.;
кул.) in, with говядина под хреном ≈ beef with horse-radish ∙ отдавать под суд( кого-л.) ≈ to prosecute под видом( кого-л./чего-л.) ≈ under/in the guise (of), under the pretence (of) под арестом - под замком под парусами под парами под дождем под условием, подо
1. (ниже чего-л.) under, underneath;
стоять под деревом stand* under а tree;
поставить чемодан под кровать put* а case under а bed;
под водой under water;
работать под землёй work underground;
под гору downhill;
2. (около, в непосредственной близости) near, close to;
жить под Москвой live near Moscow;
битва под Полтавой the Battle of/at Poltava;
3. (в зоне действия чего-л.) under;
под огнём противника under enemy fire;
гулять под дождём walk in the rain;
4. (указывает на состояние, положение) under, под руководством under the leadership of, под наблюдением врача under the doctor;
под командой кого-л. under (the) command of smb. ;
под замком under lock and key;
заключать под стражу put* under arrest, take* into custody;
быть под угрозой be* under (a) threat;
взять под свою защиту take* under one`s protection;
под влиянием under the influence;
отдать кого-л. под суд bring* smb. to trial, put* smb. on trial;
5. (для какой-л. цели) for, as;
этот сарай занят под сено this barn is for hay;
6. (о времени) towards;
(о возрасте тж.) close on;
(накануне) on the eve of;
под вечер towards evening;
в ночь под Новый год on New-Year`s Eve, ему под шестьдесят he is close on sixty, he is nearly sixty, he is not far off sixty;
7. (похожий на) in imitation of;
под красное дерево in imitation of mahogany;
8. (в обмен на какое-л. ручательство) on;
под залог on security;
под расписку giving а receipt;
получить что-л. под честное слово take* smth. on one`s word of honor (to return it) ;
9. (в сопровождении чего-л. звучащего) with, to;
под аккомпанемент рояля with а piano accompaniment;
танцевать под музыку dance to the music;
10. (при наличии признака, свойства) with;
дом под железной крышей house with an iron roof;
11. (при указании признака, выделяющего лицо, предмет, понятие) under, by;
писать под псевдонимом write* under an assumed name;
(быть полностью готовым) 'под ключ' (строить, сдавать какой-л. объект) turn-key. -
26 minute
I 'minit noun1) (the sixtieth part of an hour; sixty seconds: It is twenty minutes to eight; The journey takes thirty minutes; a ten-minute delay.) minuto2) (in measuring an angle, the sixtieth part of a degree; sixty seconds: an angle of 47° 50′ (= forty-seven degrees, fifty minutes).) minuto3) (a very short time: Wait a minute; It will be done in a minute.) minuto4) (a particular point in time: At that minute, the telephone rang.) momento5) ((in plural) the notes taken at a meeting recording what was said: The chairman asked for this decision to be recorded in the minutes.) acta•- the minute that
- the minute
- to the minute
- up to the minute
II
adjective1) (very small: The diamonds in the brooch were minute.) diminuto, minúsculo2) (paying attention to the smallest details: minute care.) minucioso, detallado•- minutely- minuteness
minute1 adj diminutominute2 n minutowait a minute! ¡un momento!tr['mɪnɪt]1 (of time) minuto■ I'll be back in a minute ahora vuelvo, vuelvo en un momento■ this very minute ahora mismo, este mismo instante3 (of angle) minuto1 (make note, record) hacer constar en el acta\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL(at) any minute now en cualquier momento, de un momento a otroat the last minute en el último momento, a última horathe minute (that) en el momento en queto leave something till the last minute dejar algo para el último momentominute book libro de actasminute hand minutero————————tr[maɪ'njʊːt]1 (tiny) diminuto,-a, minúsculo,-a2 (precise, exact) minucioso,-a, detallado,-a1) tiny: diminuto, minúsculo2) detailed: minuciosominute ['mɪnət] n1) : minuto mten minutes late: diez minutos de retraso2) moment: momento m3) minutes npl: actas fpl (de una reunión)adj.• apretado, -a adj.• circunstanciado, -a adj.• diminuto, -a adj.• menudo, -a adj.• meñique adj.• minucioso, -a adj.• minuto (Unidades) adj.• mínimo, -a adj.n.• instante s.m.• minuta s.f.• minuto s.m.• momento s.m.v.• levantar acta de v.• minutar v.
I 'mɪnət, 'mɪnɪt1)a) ( unit of time) minuto mseven minutes to eight — las ocho menos siete minutos, siete minutos para las ocho (AmL exc RPl)
there's one born every minute — (set phrase) hay cada idiota...! (fam); (before n)
minute hand — minutero m
minute steak — filete m ( delgado)
b) ( short period) minuto m, momento mcould I see you for a minute? — ¿puedo hablar contigo un momento?
c) ( instant) minuto m2)a) ( memorandum) acta fb) ( of meeting)
II maɪ'nuːt, maɪ'njuːta) ( very small) < amount> mínimo; < object> diminutob) ( detailed) (before n) <scrutiny/care> minucioso
I ['mɪnɪt]1. N1) (=60 secs) minuto m•
they were getting closer by the minute — se nos estaban acercando por minutos•
at six o'clock to the minute — a las seis en punto•
they were on the scene within minutes — llegaron al lugar de los hechos a los pocos minutos2) (=short time) momento mI shan't be a minute — (on going out) vuelvo enseguida; (when busy) termino enseguida
•
will you shut up for a minute! — ¿te callas un momento?•
have you got a minute? — ¿tienes un momento?•
I'll come in a minute — ahora voy, vengo dentro de un momento3) (=instant) instante mI haven't had a minute to myself all day — no he tenido ni un instante or momento para mí en todo el día
•
we expect him (at) any minute — le esperamos de un momento a otro•
at that minute the phone rang — en ese momento sonó el teléfono•
I bet you loved every minute of it! — ¡seguro que te lo pasaste en grande!•
at the last minute — a última hora, en el último momentoto leave things until the last minute — dejar las cosas hasta última hora or hasta el último momento
•
one minute she was there, the next she was gone — estaba allí, y al momento se había ido•
at that minute my father came in — en ese momento entró mi padre•
tell me the minute he arrives — avísame en cuanto llegue•
sit down this minute! — ¡siéntate ya!soon•
(at) this very minute — ahora mismo4) (=official note) nota f, minuta f5) minutes [of meeting] acta f2.VT [+ meeting] levantar (el) acta de; [+ remark, fact] registraryou don't need to minute that — no hace falta que registres or anotes eso
3.CPDminute book N — libro m de actas
minute hand N — minutero m
minute steak N — biftec m pequeño (que se hace rápidamente)
II
[maɪ'njuːt]ADJ1) (=very small) [amount, change] mínimo; [particles] diminuto2) (=rigorous) [examination, scrutiny] minucioso* * *
I ['mɪnət, 'mɪnɪt]1)a) ( unit of time) minuto mseven minutes to eight — las ocho menos siete minutos, siete minutos para las ocho (AmL exc RPl)
there's one born every minute — (set phrase) hay cada idiota...! (fam); (before n)
minute hand — minutero m
minute steak — filete m ( delgado)
b) ( short period) minuto m, momento mcould I see you for a minute? — ¿puedo hablar contigo un momento?
c) ( instant) minuto m2)a) ( memorandum) acta fb) ( of meeting)
II [maɪ'nuːt, maɪ'njuːt]a) ( very small) < amount> mínimo; < object> diminutob) ( detailed) (before n) <scrutiny/care> minucioso -
27 odd
odd [ɒd]1. adjectivea. ( = strange) bizarre• the odd thing about it is... ce qui est bizarre c'est...b. [number] impairc. [shoe, sock] dépareillé• £5 and some odd pennies 5 livres et quelques penniese. ( = occasional) he has written the odd article il a écrit un ou deux articles• in odd moments he... à ses moments perdus, il...• to do odd jobs about the house ( = housework) faire un peu de ménage ; ( = do-it-yourself) bricoler dans la maison2. compounds* * *[ɒd] 1.1) (strange, unusual) [person, object, occurrence] bizarrethere is something odd about — il y a quelque chose de bizarre dans [appearance, statement]
it is odd how... — c'est bizarre de voir comme...
he's a bit odd — il est un peu loufoque (colloq)
2) ( occasional)3) [socks, gloves] dépareillés4) ( miscellaneous)5) Mathematics [number] impair6) ( different)2.spot the odd man ou one out — trouvez l'intrus
- odd combining form ( approximately) -
28 divide
dɪˈvaɪd
1. сущ.
1) разг. дележ, дележка, раздел на части There is to be the big divide next New Year, but I shan't be in it. ≈ В следующем году намечается грандиозная раздача слонов, но мне этого уже не видать.
2) амер. геогр. водораздел, водораздельный хребет Great Continental Divide Syn: watershed
2. гл.
1) отделять одно от другого а) отделять(ся), разъединять(ся), нарушать целостность( from) (тж. divide off) I want to build a fence to divide the flower garden from the vegetable garden. ≈ Чтобы отделить цветник от сада, мне пришлось построить оградку. This purl of the field has been divided off with a fence, to keep the cows in. ≈ Эта часть поля была огорожена плетнем, чтобы коровы не могли выйти за его пределы. Thy kingdom is divided, and given to the Medes and Persians. ≈ Разделено царство твое, и отдано мидянам и персам ( Дан, 5-
28) The sick were divided from the rest. ≈ Больных отделили от остальных. divide and rule divide and govern б) вызывать разногласия( о предмете дискуссии) ;
расходиться, не соглашаться( о людях) в) парл. голосовать Opposition were afraid to divide upon it. ≈ Оппозиция боялась ставить это на голосование. divide! divide! divide the House г) прям. перен. рассекать To divide a pathway through such a sea. ≈ Плыть по такому морю. д) сомневаться, колебаться, не иметь единого мнения, не знать, какое решение принять Syn: distract, perplex е) в Кембриджском университете о середине семестра The term divides on November 9th. ≈ Середина семестра 9го ноября. ∙ split up, cleave, break, cut, sunder, part
2) делить целое на части а) делить(ся), распределяться Divide the cake equally among all the children. ≈ Раздели пирог поровну между детьми. The different responsibilities are divided among the committee members. ≈ Разным членам комитета поручена ответственность за разные участки работы. Syn: deal out, dispense б) разделять, дробить, подразделять;
делить на группы, классы We commonly divide the people into agricultural and manufacturing. ≈ Обычно мы делим людей на крестьян и рабочих (Гамильтон,
1845) Syn: class, classify в) тех. градуировать (измерительный прибор) г) мат. делить;
суж. делиться нацело, без остатка д) делиться, отдавать часть чего-л. кому-л. еще;
иметь свою часть от чего-л. If you'll be good, you shall divide in everything. ≈ Если будешь добр, у тебя будет все. ∙ divide the hoof Syn: allocate, allot, apportion, assign, distribute, ration Ant: commingle, connect, fuse, unify водораздел граница, рубеж - the continental * between Europe and Asia континентальная граница между Европой и Азией (разговорное) дележ;
распределение > the Grand /Great/ D. (американизм) Скалистые горы;
смерть > to go over the D. (американизм) перейти в мир иной, умереть делить, разделять - to * smth. in two делить что-л. пополам - to * smth. (into three parts) разделить что-л. (на три части) - to * one's hair in the middle носить волосы на прямой пробор - *d between hatred and pity (образное) со смешанным чувством ненависти и жалости делиться, разбиваться на части - to * into smaller groups разбиться на более мелкие группы - to * at the mouth образовывать дельту (о реке) (математика) делить, производить деление - to * 60 by 12, to * 12 into 60 разделить 60 на 12 (математика) быть делителем - 9 *s into 36, 36 *s by9 36 делится на 9 (математика) делиться без остатка классифицировать;
подразделять - to * words into simple, derived and compound делить слова на простые, производные и сложные отделять;
отрезать;
отрывать - to * two houses отделять два дома друг от друга (стеной и т. п.) - to * fancy from fact отличать вымысел от истины - to * smb. from the world отрезать кого-л. от мира - to * the sheep from the goats (библеизм) отделить овец от козлищ отделять, служить преградой - the railing that *ed the spectators from the court перила, которые отделяли зрителей от суда - the mountains that * France from Spain горы, разделяющие Францию и Испанию распределять;
производить дележ - to * the profits among /between/ them поделить прибыль между ними - to * smth. with a friend поделиться чем-л. с другом - to * one's time between work and play распределять время между работой и развлечениями - we * the work among us мы распределяем (всю) работу между собой рассредоточивать (внимание) - to * one's attention between two things думать одновременно о двух вещах вызвать разногласия, расхождения во мнениях - to be *d in opinion разойтись во взглядах - opinions are *d on the point по этому вопросу мнения расходятся - my mind is *d on the point у меня сомнения /я не принял решения/ по этому вопросу расходиться во мнениях, обнаруживать разногласия - the parties *d on the point партии разошлись во мнениях по этому вопросу - a party *d against itself партия, раздираемая разногласиями - a House *d against itself палата, не сумевшая прийти к общему /единому/ мнению (парламентское) голосовать, ставить на голосование, проводить голосование - to * the House провести голосование в палате - D.!, D.! ставьте на голосование! (парламентское) разделять на группы при голосовании (парламентское) вызывать разделение голосов - the proposal *d the meeting при голосовании этого предложения голоса участников собрания разделились (специальное) градуировать, наносить деления на шкалу (техническое) измельчать, диспергировать > * and rule разделяй и властвуй the Great Divide смерть;
to cross the Great Divide умереть divide амер. водораздел ~ вызывать разногласия;
расходиться (во взглядах) ;
opinions are divided on the point по этому вопросу мнения расходятся ~ вызывать разногласия ~ вызывать расхождения во мнениях ~ парл. голосовать;
divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
to divide the House провести поименное голосование ~ парл. голосовать;
divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
to divide the House провести поименное голосование ~ парл. голосовать;
divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
to divide the House провести поименное голосование ~ голосовать, ставить на голосование ~ голосовать ~ градуировать, наносить деления (на шкалу) ~ граница ~ мат. делить;
делиться без остатка;
sixty divided by twelve is five шестьдесят, деленное на двенадцать, равняется пяти ~ делить(ся) ;
разделяться;
to divide into several parts (among several persons) разделить на несколько частей( между несколькими лицами) ~ делить ~ классифицировать ~ отделять(-ся) ;
разъединять(ся) ~ отделять ~ подразделять;
дробить ~ подразделять ~ проводить голосование ~ разг. разделение;
дележ ~ разделять ~ распределять (among, between) ;
делиться (with) ~ распределять ~ рассредоточивать ~ расходиться во мнениях ~ ставить на голосование ~ делить(ся) ;
разделяться;
to divide into several parts (among several persons) разделить на несколько частей (между несколькими лицами) ~ парл. голосовать;
divide!, divide! возгласы, требующие прекращения прений и перехода к голосованию;
to divide the House провести поименное голосование house: to divide the ~ парл. провести поименное голосование;
to make a house обеспечить кворум( в палате общин) the Great Divide перевал в Скалистых горах the Great Divide смерть;
to cross the Great Divide умереть ~ вызывать разногласия;
расходиться (во взглядах) ;
opinions are divided on the point по этому вопросу мнения расходятся ~ мат. делить;
делиться без остатка;
sixty divided by twelve is five шестьдесят, деленное на двенадцать, равняется пяти -
29 twenty
1. adjectivezwanzig; see also academic.ru/23561/eight">eight 1.2. nounZwanzig, die; see also eight 2. 1); eighty 2.* * *['twenti] 1. noun1) (the number or figure 20.) die Zwanzig2) (the age of 20.) die Zwanzig2. adjective1) (20 in number.) zwanzig2) (aged 20.) zwanzig•- twenties- twentieth
- twenty- - twenty-year-old 3. adjective* * *twen·ty[ˈtwenti, AM -t̬i-]II. n2. (age)to be in one's twenties in den Zwanzigern sein3. (decade)5. (public transport)▪ the \twenty die Zwanzig, der Zwanziger* * *['twentɪ]1. adjzwanzig2. nZwanzig f; (= banknote) Zwanziger m → also sixtySee:→ also sixty* * *twenty [ˈtwentı]A adj zwanzig:a) einundzwanzig,b) (s) bes US Siebzehnundvier n (ein Kartenspiel);B s Zwanzig f:he is in his twenties er ist in den Zwanzigern, er ist ein Twen;in the twenties in den Zwanzigerjahren (eines Jahrhunderts)* * *1. adjectivezwanzig; see also eight 1.2. noun* * *adj.zwanzig adj. -
30 minute
I 1. noun1) Minute, die; (moment) Moment, der; Augenblick, derI expect him any minute [now] — ich erwarte ihn jeden Augenblick
for a minute — eine Minute/einen Moment [lang]
in a minute — (very soon) gleich
come back this minute! — komm sofort od. auf der Stelle zurück!
at that very minute — genau in diesem Augenblick
to the minute — auf die Minute
the minute [that] I left — in dem Augenblick, als ich wegging
just a minute!, wait a minute! — (coll.) einen Augenblick!; (objecting) Augenblick mal! (ugs.)
be five minutes' walk [away] — fünf Minuten zu Fuß entfernt sein
2) (of angle) Minute, diekeep or take the minutes — das Protokoll führen
4) (official memorandum) Memorandum, das2. transitive verbprotokollieren [Vernehmung, Aussage]; zu Protokoll nehmen [Bemerkung]II adjective,1) (tiny) winzig2) (precise) minuziös; exaktwith minute care — mit peinlicher Sorgfalt
* * *I ['minit] noun1) (the sixtieth part of an hour; sixty seconds: It is twenty minutes to eight; The journey takes thirty minutes; a ten-minute delay.) die Minute2) (in measuring an angle, the sixtieth part of a degree; sixty seconds: an angle of 47° 50′ (= forty-seven degrees, fifty minutes).) die Minute3) (a very short time: Wait a minute; It will be done in a minute.) die Minute4) (a particular point in time: At that minute, the telephone rang.) die Minute5) ((in plural) the notes taken at a meeting recording what was said: The chairman asked for this decision to be recorded in the minutes.) das Protokoll•- academic.ru/105685/minute_hand">minute hand- the minute that
- the minute
- to the minute
- up to the minute II adjective1) (very small: The diamonds in the brooch were minute.) winzig2) (paying attention to the smallest details: minute care.) sorgfältig•- minutely- minuteness* * *min·ute1[ˈmɪnɪt]I. nit's 12:00 on [or to] the \minute es ist genau [o Punkt] 12:00 Uhrthis \minute sofortwait here, I'll only be a \minute! warte hier, ich bin gleich soweit![wait] just a \minute! [or wait a \minute!] (for delay) einen Moment noch!; (in disbelief) Moment mal!3. (soon)Mr Smith will be here any \minute now Herr Smith wird jeden Augenblick hier seinat any \minute jede Minutein a \minute, in a few \minutes gleich, soforttell me the \minute that he arrives sag mir sofort Bescheid, wenn er kommt!I disliked him the \minute I saw him! er war mir vom ersten Augenblick an unsympathischto do sth at the last \minute etw in letzter Minute tunII. adj attr, inv Instant-mi·nute21. (small) winzigin \minute detail bis ins kleinste Detaila \minute resemblance/similarity eine entfernte Ähnlichkeit2. (meticulous) minuziös* * *I ['mInɪt]1. nin a minute — gleich, sofort
at this very minute — gerade jetzt or in diesem Augenblick
I shan't be a minute — es dauert nicht lang
any minute ( now) — jeden Augenblick
tell me the minute he comes — sag mir sofort Bescheid, wenn er kommt
let me know the minute it stops — sagen Sie mir Bescheid, sobald es aufhört
have you got a minute? —
it won't take a minute/5 minutes — es dauert keine Minute/keine 5 Minuten
I enjoyed every minute of it — ich habe es von Anfang bis Ende genossen
I don't believe for a or one minute that... — ich glaube nicht einen Augenblick, dass...
2) (= official note) Notiz f2. vtmeeting protokollieren; remark, fact zu Protokoll nehmen II [maɪ'njuːt]adj(= small) winzig; resemblance ganz entfernt; (= detailed, exact) minutiös; detail kleinste(r, s)* * *minute1 [ˈmınıt]A s1. Minute f:for a minute eine Minute (lang);minute hand Minutenzeiger m (einer Uhr);minute steak Minutensteak n;to the minute auf die Minute (genau);(up) to the minute fig hypermodern;I won’t be a minutea) ich bin gleich wieder da,b) ich bin gleich fertig, ich habs gleich;2. Augenblick m:at the last minute in letzter Minute;at this very minute (genau) in diesem Augenblick;in a minute sofort;just a minute! Moment mal!;come this minute! obs komm sofort!;the minute that … sobald …3. WIRTSCHa) Konzept n, kurzer Entwurfb) Notiz f, Memorandum n, Protokolleintrag m:minute book Protokollbuch n4. pl JUR, POL (Sitzungs)Protokoll n, Niederschrift f:the minutes of the proceedings das Verhandlungsprotokoll;keep the minutes das Protokoll führen;take minutes ein Protokoll aufnehmen5. ASTRON, MATH Minute f (60. Teil eines Kreisgrades):minute of arc MATH Bogenminute6. ARCH Minute f (60. Teil eines Säulendurchmessers an der Basis)B v/t1. a) entwerfen, aufsetzenb) notieren, protokollieren, zu Protokoll nehmen2. SPORT etc mitstoppen, die Zeit (gen) nehmenminute2 [maıˈnjuːt; mı-; US auch -ˈnuːt] adjin the minutest details in den kleinsten Einzelheiten2. fig unbedeutend, geringfügigmin. abk2. mineralogy3. minimum4. mining* * *I 1. noun1) Minute, die; (moment) Moment, der; Augenblick, derI expect him any minute [now] — ich erwarte ihn jeden Augenblick
for a minute — eine Minute/einen Moment [lang]
in a minute — (very soon) gleich
come back this minute! — komm sofort od. auf der Stelle zurück!
the minute [that] I left — in dem Augenblick, als ich wegging
just a minute!, wait a minute! — (coll.) einen Augenblick!; (objecting) Augenblick mal! (ugs.)
be five minutes' walk [away] — fünf Minuten zu Fuß entfernt sein
2) (of angle) Minute, diekeep or take the minutes — das Protokoll führen
4) (official memorandum) Memorandum, das2. transitive verbprotokollieren [Vernehmung, Aussage]; zu Protokoll nehmen [Bemerkung]II adjective,1) (tiny) winzig2) (precise) minuziös; exakt* * *(of a meeting) n.Niederschrift f. adj.minuziös adj.peinlich genau adj.winzig adj. n.Memorandum n.Minute -n f.Notiz -en f.kurzer Entwurf m. v.aufsetzen v.entwerfen v.notieren v.protokollieren v. -
31 sixtieth
1) (one of sixty equal parts.) sexagésima parte2) ((also adjective) (the) last of sixty (people, things etc); (the) next after the fifty-ninth.) sexagésimotr['sɪkstɪəɵ]1 sexagésimo,-a■ it's his sixtieth birthday es su sexagésimo cumpleaños, es su sesenta cumpleaños1 en sexagésimo lugar1 (in series) sexagésimo,-a■ he was sixtieth fue sexagésimo, quedó en sexagésimo lugarsixtieth ['sɪkst̬iəɵ] adj: sexagésimosixtieth n1) : sexagésimo m, -ma f (en una serie)2) : sesentavo m, sesentava parte fadj.• sexagésimo, -a adj.n.• sexagésimo s.m.
I 'sɪkstiəθ
II
III
a) ( Math) sesentavo mb) ( part) sesentava or sexagésima parte f['sɪkstɪɪθ]1.ADJ sexagésimo2.the sixtieth anniversary — el sesenta aniversario; see fifth
* * *
I ['sɪkstiəθ]
II
III
a) ( Math) sesentavo mb) ( part) sesentava or sexagésima parte f -
32 entrant
-
33 fifties
1) (the period of time between one's fiftieth and sixtieth birthdays.) halvtredserne2) (the range of temperatures between fifty and sixty degrees.) halvtredserne3) (the period of time between the fiftieth and sixtieth years of a century.) halvtredserne* * *1) (the period of time between one's fiftieth and sixtieth birthdays.) halvtredserne2) (the range of temperatures between fifty and sixty degrees.) halvtredserne3) (the period of time between the fiftieth and sixtieth years of a century.) halvtredserne -
34 seventieth
1) (one of seventy equal parts.) halvfjerdsindstyvendedel2) (( also adjective) (the) last of seventy (people, things etc); (the) next after the sixty-ninth.) halvfjerdsindstyvende* * *1) (one of seventy equal parts.) halvfjerdsindstyvendedel2) (( also adjective) (the) last of seventy (people, things etc); (the) next after the sixty-ninth.) halvfjerdsindstyvende -
35 sixties
1) (the period of time between one's sixtieth and seventieth birthdays.) tresserne2) (the range of temperatures between sixty and seventy degrees.) tresgraderne3) (the period of time between the sixtieth and seventieth years of a century.) tresserne* * *1) (the period of time between one's sixtieth and seventieth birthdays.) tresserne2) (the range of temperatures between sixty and seventy degrees.) tresgraderne3) (the period of time between the sixtieth and seventieth years of a century.) tresserne -
36 hard
{ha:d}
I. 1. твърд, корав, втвърден
to become/get HARD втвърдявам се
2. здрав, як, кален
3. тежък, силен (за удар и пр.), труден, тежък, мъчен, усилен (за работа, времена и пр.), тежък, неотстъпчив (за харак тер)
this book is HARD reading тази книга мъчно се чете/е тежка
HARD case тежък случай (и прен.), закоравял престъпник
to learn something the HARD way научавам нещо без чужда помощ/от личен опит, изпитвам нещо на собствения си гръб
4. усърден, упорит, неуморен (за работник)
5. суров, строг, корав, безмилостен, безжалостен, неумолим, жесток
to be as HARD as flint сърцето ми е от камък, непреклонен/неотстъпчив съм
to be HARD on someone строг/безмилостен/взискателен съм към някого, съдя някого много строго
HARD fact жесток/груб/брутален/неоспорим факт
HARD look/expression студен/суров/изпитателен поглед/изражение
HARD feeling (s) озлобление, огорчеиме, неприязън
HARD words прен. тежки думи
HARD and fast строг, неотмeнен (за правило), строг (за разлика, дисциплина)
6. суров (за климат, сезон и пр.)
7. твърд, варовит (за вода)
8. рязък, ярък, крешящ (за цвят), рязък, остър, груб, металичен (за звук), рязко очертан (за сенки)
9. силен, спиртен (за питие)
10. фон. твърд, беззвучен
11. физ. проникващ (за радиация)
12. много вреден и водещ към пристрастяване (за наркотично средство)
13. висок, устойчив (за цена), стабилен, здрав, твърд (за валута)
HARD cash пари в брой. сухи пари, ам. звонкови пари
14. фот. контрастен
15. текст, камгарен
16. окончателен, твърд (за споразумение и пр.), сигурен, потвърден (за новини, данни и пр.)
good HARD sense здрав разум
17. хим. бавно разлагащ се, устойчив
to be HARD on one's clothes бързо износвам дрехите си
II. 1. твърдо, кораво
it froze HARD last night снощи имаше голям мраз, снощи земята съвсем замръзна
2. силно, енергично, с все сила, усилено, усърдно, много, без мярка
to be HARD at work работя усилено
to be HARD at it работя здравата
to swear HARD ругая грубо
3. мъчно, трудно, тежко, болезнено, с мъка, мъчително
it will go HARD with him няма да му бъде леко, ще има да пати
it comes/bears HARD on him тежко е за него, това е голям удар за него
to be HARD pressed/pushed/put to it, to have it HARD в (голямо) затруднение съм, в трудно/тежко положение съм
to he HARD up (for money) нямам никакви пари, на голям зор съм за пари
to be HARD up for an excuse/for something to do чудя се как да намеря извинение/какво да правя/как да си намеря занимание
to be HARD up for friends нямам приятели
HARD boought experience прен. скъпо платен опит, опит, който ми струва много
4. строго, изпитателно
5. наблизо, по петите, непосредствено
HARD by съвсем (на) близо
to run someone HARD, to be HARD upon someone по петите съм на някого
to follow HARD (up) on/after/behind идвам непосредствено след, следвам непосредствено
to be HARD upou sixty наближавам шестдесетте
it was HARD on eleven беше почти/наближаваше 11 часа
III. 1. бряг, подходящ за слизане от кораб
2. разг. каторжна работа (и HARD labour)
3. sl. ерекция* * *pressed, -pushed, -put {,ha:d'prest, -'pusht, -put} а затруднен,* * *усърден; як; строг; усилено; трудно; твърд; усилен; труден; твърдо; упорит; тежък; тежко; енергично; здрав; кораво; корав; мъчно;* * *1. 1 висок, устойчив (за цена), стабилен, здрав, твърд (за валута) 2. 1 много вреден и водещ към пристрастяване (за наркотично средство) 3. 1 окончателен, твърд (за споразумение и пр.), сигурен, потвърден (за новини, данни и пр.) 4. 1 текст, камгарен 5. 1 физ. проникващ (за радиация) 6. 1 фот. контрастен 7. 1 хим. бавно разлагащ се, устойчив 8. good hard sense здрав разум 9. hard and fast строг, неотмeнен (за правило), строг (за разлика, дисциплина) 10. hard boought experience прен. скъпо платен опит, опит, който ми струва много 11. hard by съвсем (на) близо 12. hard case тежък случай (и прен.), закоравял престъпник 13. hard cash пари в брой. сухи пари, ам. звонкови пари 14. hard fact жесток/груб/брутален/неоспорим факт 15. hard feeling (s) озлобление, огорчеиме, неприязън 16. hard look/expression студен/суров/изпитателен поглед/изражение 17. hard words прен. тежки думи 18. i. твърд, корав, втвърден 19. ii. твърдо, кораво 20. iii. бряг, подходящ за слизане от кораб 21. it comes/bears hard on him тежко е за него, това е голям удар за него 22. it froze hard last night снощи имаше голям мраз, снощи земята съвсем замръзна 23. it was hard on eleven беше почти/наближаваше 11 часа 24. it will go hard with him няма да му бъде леко, ще има да пати 25. sl. ерекция 26. this book is hard reading тази книга мъчно се чете/е тежка 27. to be as hard as flint сърцето ми е от камък, непреклонен/неотстъпчив съм 28. to be hard at it работя здравата 29. to be hard at work работя усилено 30. to be hard on one's clothes бързо износвам дрехите си 31. to be hard on someone строг/безмилостен/взискателен съм към някого, съдя някого много строго 32. to be hard pressed/pushed/put to it, to have it hard в (голямо) затруднение съм, в трудно/тежко положение съм 33. to be hard up for an excuse/for something to do чудя се как да намеря извинение/какво да правя/как да си намеря занимание 34. to be hard up for friends нямам приятели 35. to be hard upou sixty наближавам шестдесетте 36. to become/get hard втвърдявам се 37. to follow hard (up) on/after/behind идвам непосредствено след, следвам непосредствено 38. to he hard up (for money) нямам никакви пари, на голям зор съм за пари 39. to learn something the hard way научавам нещо без чужда помощ/от личен опит, изпитвам нещо на собствения си гръб 40. to run someone hard, to be hard upon someone по петите съм на някого 41. to swear hard ругая грубо 42. здрав, як, кален 43. мъчно, трудно, тежко, болезнено, с мъка, мъчително 44. наблизо, по петите, непосредствено 45. разг. каторжна работа (и hard labour) 46. рязък, ярък, крешящ (за цвят), рязък, остър, груб, металичен (за звук), рязко очертан (за сенки) 47. силен, спиртен (за питие) 48. силно, енергично, с все сила, усилено, усърдно, много, без мярка 49. строго, изпитателно 50. суров (за климат, сезон и пр.) 51. суров, строг, корав, безмилостен, безжалостен, неумолим, жесток 52. твърд, варовит (за вода) 53. тежък, силен (за удар и пр.), труден, тежък, мъчен, усилен (за работа, времена и пр.), тежък, неотстъпчив (за харак тер) 54. усърден, упорит, неуморен (за работник) 55. фон. твърд, беззвучен* * *hard [ha:d] I. adj 1. твърд, корав; to become ( get) \hard втвърдявам се; \hard as a brick ( as iron) твърд (корав) като камък (стомана); \hard tissues мед. втвърдени (склерозирани) тъкани; \hard food зоб; груба, мъчносмилаема храна; a \hard nut to crack прен. костелив орех, трудна задача; 2. здрав, як, кале́н (за човек); \hard as nails здрав като камък; 3. тежък, силен (за удар и пр.); труден, тежък, мъчен, усилен (за работа, времена и пр.); тежък, суров; студен; труден, неотстъпчив (за характер); to be \hard to please мъчно е да ми се угоди; to play \hard to get правя се на недостъпен; to be \hard of seeing слабо виждам, недовиждам; this book is \hard reading тази книга трудно се чете (е тежка); to try o.'s \hardest правя всичко възможно, полагам най-големи (всички) усилия; a \hard case тежък случай (и прен.); закоравял престъпник; to learn s.th. the \hard way научавам нещо без чужда помощ; научавам на свой гръб; 4. усърден, упорит, акуратен, неуморен (за работник); 5. суров, строг; корав, безмилостен, безжалостен, неумолим, жесток; нечувствителен; these last four years have been \hard on them последните четири години бяха трудни за тях; he/she is as \hard as flint сърцето му/ѝ е от камък; непреклонен (неотстъпчив) е; to be \hard on s.o. строг (безмилостен, взискателен) съм към някого; съдя някого много строго; no \hard feelings без лоши чувства; to be \hard on o.'s clothes бързо износвам дрехите си; a \hard fact жесток (груб, брутален) факт, неоспорим факт; a \hard fate жестока съдба; to have \hard luck нямам късмет, не ми върви; \hard luck ( lines)! sl \hard cheese жалко! нямаш (нямаме) късмет! a \hard look ( expression) студен (суров) поглед (изражение); \hard and fast строг, неотменен (за правило); строг (за разлика, дисциплина); мор. изхвърлен на брега; 6. суров (за климат, сезон и пр.); 7. твърд, варовит (за вода); 8. ярък, крещящ (за цвят); рязък, остър, груб (за звук); 9. силен, спиртен (за питие); 10. ез., разг. твърд; беззвучен; 11. висок (за цена); стабилен, здрав, твърд (за валута); 12. закален (за метал); 13. варовит (за вода); 14. твърд, проникващ (за радиация); 15. мъчнотопим (за стъкло); II. adv 1. твърдо, кораво; it froze \hard last night снощи имаше голям мраз, снощи земята съвсем замръзна; 2. силно енергично, с все сила, усилено; to pull ( row) \hard тегля (греба) силно; to be \hard at work работя усилено; to be \hard at it разг. работя здравата; 3. мъчно, трудно, тежко; болезнено, с мъка, мъчително; it is ( comes, bears) \hard on him/her тежко е за него/нея; това е голям удар за него/нея; to be \hard pressed ( pushed, put to it) в трудно (тежко) положение съм; to be \hard up ( for money) нямам пари, закъсал съм за пари; to be \hard up for an excuse не мога да намеря извинение; to be \hard up for s.th. to do не знам (чудя се) какво да правя, не мога да си намеря работа; to be \hard up against it, to have it \hard разг. в тежко положение съм; hard-got fortune състояние, спечелено с мъка; 4. много, без мярка; to drink \hard много пия, пиянствам; to swear \hard ругая грубо; 5. наблизо, по петите, непосредствено; to run s.o. \hard, to be \hard upon s.o. по петите съм на някого; to follow \hard (up)on, ( after, behind) идвам непосредствено след, следвам непосредствено; to be \hard upon forty наближавам четирийсетте; it is \hard on 6 почти 6 часа е; III. n 1. провинц. твърд бряг, подходящ за слизане от кораб; 2. разг. каторжна работа (и \hard labour); 3. пресован тютюн (за дъвчене); 4. pl отпадъци (при обработка на лен и пр.). -
37 AND
[ forme deboli ənd, ən, n] [ forma forte ænd]2) (in numbers)it got worse and worse — andò di male in peggio o sempre peggio
5) (in phrases)and that — BE colloq. e cose così
••and how! — colloq. eccome!
Note:When used as a straightforward conjunction, and is translated by e: to shout and sing = gridare e cantare; Tom and Linda = Tom e Linda; my friend and colleague = il mio amico e collega. - When and joins two or more nouns, definite articles, possessive adjectives or quantifiers are not repeated in English, but they are in Italian: the books and exercise books = i libri e i quaderni; her father and mother = suo padre e sua madre; some apples and pears = delle mele e delle pere. - And is sometimes used between two verbs in English to mean in order to ( wait and see, go and ask, try and rest etc.); to translate these expressions, look under the appropriate verb entry ( wait, go, try etc.). Note that the two verb forms involved are the same tense in English, whereas in Italian the second one is always in the infinitive: I'll try and come as soon as possible = cercherò di venire appena possibile. - For and used in telling the time and saying numbers, see the lexical notes 4-THE CLOCK and 19-NUMBERS. For more examples and other uses, see the entry below* * *[ənd, ænd]1) (joining two statements, pieces of information etc: I opened the door and went inside; The hat was blue and red; a mother and child.) e2) (in addition to: 2 and 2 makes 4.) più3) (as a result of which: Try hard and you will succeed.) e4) (used instead of `to' with a verb: Do try and come!) di* * *AND /ænd/n.(elettron., comput.) AND ( operatore booleano): AND operation, operazione AND; AND gate (o circuit) porta (o circuito) AND.* * *[ forme deboli ənd, ən, n] [ forma forte ænd]2) (in numbers)it got worse and worse — andò di male in peggio o sempre peggio
5) (in phrases)and that — BE colloq. e cose così
••and how! — colloq. eccome!
Note:When used as a straightforward conjunction, and is translated by e: to shout and sing = gridare e cantare; Tom and Linda = Tom e Linda; my friend and colleague = il mio amico e collega. - When and joins two or more nouns, definite articles, possessive adjectives or quantifiers are not repeated in English, but they are in Italian: the books and exercise books = i libri e i quaderni; her father and mother = suo padre e sua madre; some apples and pears = delle mele e delle pere. - And is sometimes used between two verbs in English to mean in order to ( wait and see, go and ask, try and rest etc.); to translate these expressions, look under the appropriate verb entry ( wait, go, try etc.). Note that the two verb forms involved are the same tense in English, whereas in Italian the second one is always in the infinitive: I'll try and come as soon as possible = cercherò di venire appena possibile. - For and used in telling the time and saying numbers, see the lexical notes 4-THE CLOCK and 19-NUMBERS. For more examples and other uses, see the entry below -
38 sixtieth
['sɪkstɪəθ] 1.determinante sessantesimo2.pronome (in order) sessantesimo m. (-a)3.nome (fraction) sessantesimo m.4.* * *1) (one of sixty equal parts.) sessantesimo2) (( also adjective) (the) last of sixty (people, things etc); (the) next after the fifty-ninth.) sessantesimo* * *sixtieth /ˈsɪkstɪəɵ/a. e n.sessantesimo: the sixtieth day, il sessantesimo giorno; He came in sixtieth, arrivò sessantesimo; She is ranked sixtieth in the world, è sessantesima nella classifica mondiale; (mat.) one sixtieth, un sessantesimo (1/60).* * *['sɪkstɪəθ] 1.determinante sessantesimo2.pronome (in order) sessantesimo m. (-a)3.nome (fraction) sessantesimo m.4. -
39 something
['sʌmθɪŋ] 1.1) (unspecified thing) qualcosa, qualche cosato make something of oneself o one's life fare strada (nella vita); he got something out of it ne ha ricavato qualcosa; he is quite o really something! è un gran bel tipo! that house is quite o really something! quella casa è veramente notevole! there's something in what he says c'è del vero in quello che dice; you've got something there! hai proprio colpito nel segno! hai ragione! he has a certain something — ha un certo non so che
3) (forgotten, unknown name, amount etc.)2.1) (a bit) un po'2) colloq. (a lot)he is something of an actor, an expert — è un buon attore, un vero esperto
* * *1) (a thing not known or not stated: Would you like something to eat?; I've got something to tell you.) qualcosa2) (a thing of importance: There's something in what you say.) qualcosa* * *['sʌmθɪŋ] 1.1) (unspecified thing) qualcosa, qualche cosato make something of oneself o one's life fare strada (nella vita); he got something out of it ne ha ricavato qualcosa; he is quite o really something! è un gran bel tipo! that house is quite o really something! quella casa è veramente notevole! there's something in what he says c'è del vero in quello che dice; you've got something there! hai proprio colpito nel segno! hai ragione! he has a certain something — ha un certo non so che
3) (forgotten, unknown name, amount etc.)2.1) (a bit) un po'2) colloq. (a lot)he is something of an actor, an expert — è un buon attore, un vero esperto
-
40 Edison, Thomas Alva
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Automotive engineering, Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Metallurgy, Photography, film and optics, Public utilities, Recording, Telecommunications[br]b. 11 February 1847 Milan, Ohio, USAd. 18 October 1931 Glenmont[br]American inventor and pioneer electrical developer.[br]He was the son of Samuel Edison, who was in the timber business. His schooling was delayed due to scarlet fever until 1855, when he was 8½ years old, but he was an avid reader. By the age of 14 he had a job as a newsboy on the railway from Port Huron to Detroit, a distance of sixty-three miles (101 km). He worked a fourteen-hour day with a stopover of five hours, which he spent in the Detroit Free Library. He also sold sweets on the train and, later, fruit and vegetables, and was soon making a profit of $20 a week. He then started two stores in Port Huron and used a spare freight car as a laboratory. He added a hand-printing press to produce 400 copies weekly of The Grand Trunk Herald, most of which he compiled and edited himself. He set himself to learn telegraphy from the station agent at Mount Clements, whose son he had saved from being run over by a freight car.At the age of 16 he became a telegraphist at Port Huron. In 1863 he became railway telegraphist at the busy Stratford Junction of the Grand Trunk Railroad, arranging a clock with a notched wheel to give the hourly signal which was to prove that he was awake and at his post! He left hurriedly after failing to hold a train which was nearly involved in a head-on collision. He usually worked the night shift, allowing himself time for experiments during the day. His first invention was an arrangement of two Morse registers so that a high-speed input could be decoded at a slower speed. Moving from place to place he held many positions as a telegraphist. In Boston he invented an automatic vote recorder for Congress and patented it, but the idea was rejected. This was the first of a total of 1180 patents that he was to take out during his lifetime. After six years he resigned from the Western Union Company to devote all his time to invention, his next idea being an improved ticker-tape machine for stockbrokers. He developed a duplex telegraphy system, but this was turned down by the Western Union Company. He then moved to New York.Edison found accommodation in the battery room of Law's Gold Reporting Company, sleeping in the cellar, and there his repair of a broken transmitter marked him as someone of special talents. His superior soon resigned, and he was promoted with a salary of $300 a month. Western Union paid him $40,000 for the sole rights on future improvements on the duplex telegraph, and he moved to Ward Street, Newark, New Jersey, where he employed a gathering of specialist engineers. Within a year, he married one of his employees, Mary Stilwell, when she was only 16: a daughter, Marion, was born in 1872, and two sons, Thomas and William, in 1876 and 1879, respectively.He continued to work on the automatic telegraph, a device to send out messages faster than they could be tapped out by hand: that is, over fifty words per minute or so. An earlier machine by Alexander Bain worked at up to 400 words per minute, but was not good over long distances. Edison agreed to work on improving this feature of Bain's machine for the Automatic Telegraph Company (ATC) for $40,000. He improved it to a working speed of 500 words per minute and ran a test between Washington and New York. Hoping to sell their equipment to the Post Office in Britain, ATC sent Edison to England in 1873 to negotiate. A 500-word message was to be sent from Liverpool to London every half-hour for six hours, followed by tests on 2,200 miles (3,540 km) of cable at Greenwich. Only confused results were obtained due to induction in the cable, which lay coiled in a water tank. Edison returned to New York, where he worked on his quadruplex telegraph system, tests of which proved a success between New York and Albany in December 1874. Unfortunately, simultaneous negotiation with Western Union and ATC resulted in a lawsuit.Alexander Graham Bell was granted a patent for a telephone in March 1876 while Edison was still working on the same idea. His improvements allowed the device to operate over a distance of hundreds of miles instead of only a few miles. Tests were carried out over the 106 miles (170 km) between New York and Philadelphia. Edison applied for a patent on the carbon-button transmitter in April 1877, Western Union agreeing to pay him $6,000 a year for the seventeen-year duration of the patent. In these years he was also working on the development of the electric lamp and on a duplicating machine which would make up to 3,000 copies from a stencil. In 1876–7 he moved from Newark to Menlo Park, twenty-four miles (39 km) from New York on the Pennsylvania Railway, near Elizabeth. He had bought a house there around which he built the premises that would become his "inventions factory". It was there that he began the use of his 200- page pocket notebooks, each of which lasted him about two weeks, so prolific were his ideas. When he died he left 3,400 of them filled with notes and sketches.Late in 1877 he applied for a patent for a phonograph which was granted on 19 February 1878, and by the end of the year he had formed a company to manufacture this totally new product. At the time, Edison saw the device primarily as a business aid rather than for entertainment, rather as a dictating machine. In August 1878 he was granted a British patent. In July 1878 he tried to measure the heat from the solar corona at a solar eclipse viewed from Rawlins, Wyoming, but his "tasimeter" was too sensitive.Probably his greatest achievement was "The Subdivision of the Electric Light" or the "glow bulb". He tried many materials for the filament before settling on carbon. He gave a demonstration of electric light by lighting up Menlo Park and inviting the public. Edison was, of course, faced with the problem of inventing and producing all the ancillaries which go to make up the electrical system of generation and distribution-meters, fuses, insulation, switches, cabling—even generators had to be designed and built; everything was new. He started a number of manufacturing companies to produce the various components needed.In 1881 he built the world's largest generator, which weighed 27 tons, to light 1,200 lamps at the Paris Exhibition. It was later moved to England to be used in the world's first central power station with steam engine drive at Holborn Viaduct, London. In September 1882 he started up his Pearl Street Generating Station in New York, which led to a worldwide increase in the application of electric power, particularly for lighting. At the same time as these developments, he built a 1,300yd (1,190m) electric railway at Menlo Park.On 9 August 1884 his wife died of typhoid. Using his telegraphic skills, he proposed to 19-year-old Mina Miller in Morse code while in the company of others on a train. He married her in February 1885 before buying a new house and estate at West Orange, New Jersey, building a new laboratory not far away in the Orange Valley.Edison used direct current which was limited to around 250 volts. Alternating current was largely developed by George Westinghouse and Nicola Tesla, using transformers to step up the current to a higher voltage for long-distance transmission. The use of AC gradually overtook the Edison DC system.In autumn 1888 he patented a form of cinephotography, the kinetoscope, obtaining film-stock from George Eastman. In 1893 he set up the first film studio, which was pivoted so as to catch the sun, with a hinged roof which could be raised. In 1894 kinetoscope parlours with "peep shows" were starting up in cities all over America. Competition came from the Latham Brothers with a screen-projection machine, which Edison answered with his "Vitascope", shown in New York in 1896. This showed pictures with accompanying sound, but there was some difficulty with synchronization. Edison also experimented with captions at this early date.In 1880 he filed a patent for a magnetic ore separator, the first of nearly sixty. He bought up deposits of low-grade iron ore which had been developed in the north of New Jersey. The process was a commercial success until the discovery of iron-rich ore in Minnesota rendered it uneconomic and uncompetitive. In 1898 cement rock was discovered in New Village, west of West Orange. Edison bought the land and started cement manufacture, using kilns twice the normal length and using half as much fuel to heat them as the normal type of kiln. In 1893 he met Henry Ford, who was building his second car, at an Edison convention. This started him on the development of a battery for an electric car on which he made over 9,000 experiments. In 1903 he sold his patent for wireless telegraphy "for a song" to Guglielmo Marconi.In 1910 Edison designed a prefabricated concrete house. In December 1914 fire destroyed three-quarters of the West Orange plant, but it was at once rebuilt, and with the threat of war Edison started to set up his own plants for making all the chemicals that he had previously been buying from Europe, such as carbolic acid, phenol, benzol, aniline dyes, etc. He was appointed President of the Navy Consulting Board, for whom, he said, he made some forty-five inventions, "but they were pigeonholed, every one of them". Thus did Edison find that the Navy did not take kindly to civilian interference.In 1927 he started the Edison Botanic Research Company, founded with similar investment from Ford and Firestone with the object of finding a substitute for overseas-produced rubber. In the first year he tested no fewer than 3,327 possible plants, in the second year, over 1,400, eventually developing a variety of Golden Rod which grew to 14 ft (4.3 m) in height. However, all this effort and money was wasted, due to the discovery of synthetic rubber.In October 1929 he was present at Henry Ford's opening of his Dearborn Museum to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the incandescent lamp, including a replica of the Menlo Park laboratory. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and was elected to the American Academy of Sciences. He died in 1931 at his home, Glenmont; throughout the USA, lights were dimmed temporarily on the day of his funeral.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the American Academy of Sciences. Congressional Gold Medal.Further ReadingM.Josephson, 1951, Edison, Eyre \& Spottiswode.R.W.Clark, 1977, Edison, the Man who Made the Future, Macdonald \& Jane.IMcN
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