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vindĭco (on account of a supposed derivation from venum - dico, also written vendĭco), āvi, ātum, 1 (collat. form, acc. to the 3d conj., VINDICIT, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1 fin.), v. a. [vim - dico, prop. to assert authority, viz. in a case where legal possession of a thing claimed is refused; hence, transf.], to lay legal claim to a thing, whether as one's own property or for its restoration to a free condition.

Lit.: IN. IVS. DVCITO. NI IVDICATVM FACIT AVT QVIS ENDO EOM IVRE VINDICIT, i. e. eum in jure vindicat, XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1, 45; cf., on the form of laying claim to disputed personal property, Gai Inst. 4, 16:

vindicare sponsam in libertatem,

Liv. 3, 45, 11; cf. id. 3, 48, 5; 3, 46, 7:

puellam,

id. 3, 46, 3:

ita vindicatur Virginia spondentibus propinquis,

id. 3, 46, 8.—

Transf., in gen. (freq. and class.; cf. assero).

To lay claim to as one's own, to make a claim upon, to demand, claim, arrogate, assume, appropriate a thing:

omnia non Quiritium sed sapientium jure pro suis vindicare,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 27:

videor id meo jure quodam modo vindicare,

id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

Homerum... Chii suum vindicant,

id. Arch. 8, 19:

ortūs nostri partem patria vindicat,

id. Off. 1, 7, 22:

maximam partem quasi suo jure Fortuna sibi vindicat,

id. Marcell. 2, 6:

ceterarum rerum quae sunt in oratore, partem aliquam sibi quisque vindicat,

id. Or. 19, 69:

quod neque summi imperatores... sibi umquam vindicare sunt ausi,

Quint. 1, prooem. §

14: partem oneris tui mihi vindico,

Plin. Ep. 6, 32, 2:

majestatem sibi,

id. Pan. 42, 1:

partis sibi aequas potentiae,

Suet. Tib. 50; id. Tit. 5; Sen. Ira, 3, 30, 3; id. Cons. Helv. 3, 9; id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10; Val. Max. 4, 3, 1; 5, 3, ext. 2; cf. Plin. Pan. 8, 2; Val. Max. 4, 5, 3: iniquissima haec bellorum condicio est; prospera omnes sibi vindicant, adversa uni imputantur, Tac. Agr. 27:

victoriae majore parte ad se vindicatā,

Liv. 44, 14, 8:

decus belli ad se,

id. 9, 43, 14:

tanta tamen universae Galliae consensio fuit libertatis vindicandae, ut, etc.,

should be maintained, vindicated, Caes. B. G. 7, 76:

Trasimenum pro Tarsimeno multi auctores... vindicaverunt,

have adopted, Quint. 1, 5, 13; so id. 1, 5, 26:

vindicet antiquam faciem, vultusque ferinos Detrahat,

reassume, Ov. M. 2, 523.— Poet., with inf.:

vindicat hoc Pharius dextrā gestare satelles,

Luc. 8, 675.—

To place a thing in a free condition.

In libertatem vindicare, to set free, to free, emancipate:

in libertatem rem populi,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48:

ex dominatu Ti. Gracchi in libertatem rem publicam,

id. Brut. 58, 212:

rem publicam afflictam et oppressam in veterem dignitatem ac libertatem,

i. e. to restore, id. Fam. 2, 5, 2:

Galliam in libertatem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 1:

se et populum Romanum in libertatem,

id. B. C. 1, 22.—

To deliver, liberate, protect, defend:

te ab eo vindico et libero,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9:

nos a verberibus, ab unco, a crucis terrore neque res gestae neque acta aetas neque vestri honores vindicabunt?

id. Rab. Perd. 5, 16:

sapientia sola nos a libidinum impetu et formidinum terrore vindicat,

id. Fin. 1, 14, 46:

quin ab hoc ignotissimo Phryge nobilissimum civem vindicetis?

id. Fl. 17, 40:

aliquem a miseriis morte,

id. Brut. 96, 329:

a molestiā,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 2:

a labore,

id. Sull. 9, 26:

domum suam a solitudine,

id. de Or. 1, 45, 199:

laudem summorum oratorum ab oblivione hominum atque a silentio,

rescue, id. ib. 2, 2, 7:

sed ab hac necessitate egregie vos fortuna vindicat,

Liv. 37, 54, 10:

corpora a putrescendo (sal),

Plin. 31, 9, 45, § 98:

ebur a carie (vetus oleum),

id. 15, 7, 7, § 32:

capillum a canitie,

id. 28, 11, 46, § 164:

se non modo ex suspitione tanti sceleris, verum etiam ex omni hominum sermone,

Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

perpetienda illa fuerunt, ut se aliquando ad suos vindicaret,

might restore, id. Rab. Post. 9, 25:

quam dura ad saxa revinctam Vindicat Alcides,

sets free, Ov. M. 11, 213:

tandem absolutus vindicatusque est (reus),

Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1.—

With respect to some wrong perpetrated (cf. ulciscor), to avenge, revenge, punish; to take vengeance on any one; make compensation for:

omnia quae vindicaris in altero, sibi ipsi vehementer fugienda sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 2, § 4:

maleficium in aliis vindicare,

id. Sull. 6, 19:

facinus in nullo etiam,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 194:

dolum malum et legibus,

id. Off. 3, 15, 61. acerrime maleficia, id. Rosc. Am. 5, 12:

consensionem improborum supplicio omni,

id. Lael. 12, 43:

eam rem quam vehementer,

id. Quint. 7, 28:

Ti. Gracchi conatus perditos,

id. Off. 1, 30, 109:

necem Crassi,

Ov. F. 6, 468:

offensas ense,

id. Tr. 3, 8, 40:

fortuita non civium tantummodo sed urbium damna principis munificentia vindicat,

Vell. 2, 126, 4.— Impers. pass.:

fateor non modo in socios, sed etiam in cives militesque nostros persaepe esse severe ac vehementer vindicatum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 133:

vindicandum in eos,

Sall. J. 31, 18:

vindicatum in eos, qui, etc.,

id. C. 9, 4; cf.:

in quos (Venetos) eo gravius Caesar vindicandum statuit, quo diligentius, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 3, 16.—

Transf. (after the analogy of ulcisci): vindicare se ab (de) aliquo, to revenge one's self upon one:

se ab illo,

Sen. Ben. 6, 5, 3:

se de fortunā praefationibus,

Plin. Ep. 4, 11, 14.— Pass.:

quantā saevitiā opus erat, ut Sulla de Mario vindicaretur,

Flor. 3, 21, 19.