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  • 61 take

    1.
    [teɪk]transitive verb, took [tʊk], taken ['teɪkn]
    1) (get hold of, grasp, seize) nehmen

    take somebody's arm — jmds. Arm nehmen

    take somebody by the hand/arm — jemanden bei der Hand/am Arm nehmen

    2) (capture) einnehmen [Stadt, Festung]; machen [Gefangenen]; (chess) schlagen; nehmen
    3) (gain, earn) [Laden:] einbringen; [Film, Stück:] einspielen; (win) gewinnen [Satz, Spiel, Preis, Titel]; erzielen [Punkte]; (Cards) machen [Stich]

    take first/second etc. place — den ersten/zweiten usw. Platz belegen; (fig.) an erster/zweiter usw. Stelle kommen

    take the biscuit (Brit. coll.) or (coll.) cake — (fig.) alle/alles übertreffen

    4) (assume possession of) nehmen; (take away with one) mitnehmen; (steal) mitnehmen (verhüll.); (obtain by purchase) kaufen, (by rent) mieten [Auto, Wohnung, Haus]; nehmen [Klavier-, Deutsch-, Fahrstunden]; mitmachen [Tanzkurs]; (buy regularly) nehmen; lesen [Zeitung, Zeitschrift]; (subscribe to) beziehen; (obtain) erwerben [akademischen Grad]; (form a relationship with) sich (Dat.) nehmen [Frau, Geliebten usw.]

    that woman took my purse — die Frau hat mir meinen Geldbeutel gestohlen

    he took his degree at Sussex University — er hat sein Examen an der Universität von Sussex gemacht

    take place — stattfinden; (spontaneously) sich ereignen; [Wandlung:] sich vollziehen

    I'll take this handbag/the curry, please — ich nehme diese Handtasche/das Curry

    5) (avail oneself of, use) nehmen; machen [Pause, Ferien, Nickerchen]; nehmen [Beispiel, Zitat usw.] ( from aus)

    take the opportunity to do/of doing something — die Gelegenheit dazu benutzen, etwas zu tun

    take the car/bus into town — mit dem Auto/Bus in die Stadt fahren

    take two eggs — etc. (in recipe) man nehme zwei Eier usw.

    [let's] take a more recent example/my sister [for example] — nehmen wir ein Beispiel neueren Datums/einmal meine Schwester

    6) (carry, guide, convey) bringen

    take somebody's shoes to the mender['s]/somebody's coat to the cleaner's — jmds. Schuhe zum Schuster/jmds. Mantel in die Reinigung bringen

    take somebody to school/hospital — jemanden zur Schule/ins Krankenhaus bringen

    take somebody to the zoo/cinema/to dinner — mit jemandem in den Zoo/ins Kino/zum Abendessen gehen

    take somebody into one's home/house — jemanden bei sich aufnehmen

    the road takes you/the story takes us to London — die Straße führt nach/die Erzählung führt uns nach London

    his ability will take him far/to the top — mit seinen Fähigkeiten wird er es weit bringen/wird er ganz nach oben kommen

    take somebody/something with one — jemanden/etwas mitnehmen

    take home — mit nach Hause nehmen; (earn) nach Hause bringen [Geld]; (accompany) nach Hause bringen od. begleiten; (to meet one's parents etc.) mit nach Hause bringen

    take somebody through/over something — (fig.) mit jemandem etwas durchgehen

    take in hand — (begin) in Angriff nehmen; (assume responsibility for) sich kümmern um

    take somebody into partnership [with one]/into the business — jemanden zu seinem Teilhaber machen/in sein Geschäft aufnehmen

    take a stick etc. to somebody — den Stock usw. bei jemandem gebrauchen

    take something to pieces or bits — etwas auseinander nehmen

    you can/can't take somebody anywhere — (fig. coll.) man kann jemanden überallhin/nirgendwohin mitnehmen

    you can't take it 'with you — (coll.) man kann es ja nicht mitnehmen

    7) (remove) nehmen; (deduct) abziehen

    take something/somebody from somebody — jemandem etwas/jemanden wegnehmen

    take all the fun/hard work out of something — einem alle Freude an etwas (Dat.) nehmen/einem die schwere Arbeit bei etwas ersparen

    8)

    somebody takes courage from something — etwas macht jemandem Mut; see also academic.ru/34054/heart">heart 1)

    9)

    be taken ill or (coll.) sick — krank werden

    10) (make) machen [Foto, Kopie]; (photograph) aufnehmen
    11) (perform, execute) aufnehmen [Brief, Diktat]; machen [Prüfung, Sprung, Spaziergang, Reise, Umfrage]; durchführen [Befragung, Volkszählung]; ablegen [Gelübde, Eid]; übernehmen [Rolle, Part]; treffen [Entscheidung]

    take a fall/tumble — stürzen/straucheln

    take a step forward/backward — einen Schritt vor-/zurücktreten

    take a turn for the better/worse — eine Wende zum Besseren/Schlechteren nehmen

    12) (negotiate) nehmen [Zaun, Mauer, Hürde, Kurve, Hindernis]
    13) (conduct) halten [Gottesdienst, Andacht, Unterricht]
    14) (be taught)
    15) (consume) trinken [Tee, Kaffee, Kognak usw.]; nehmen [Zucker, Milch, Überdosis, Tabletten, Medizin]

    what can I take for a cold? — was kann ich gegen eine Erkältung nehmen?

    not to be taken [internally] — nicht zur innerlichen Anwendung

    16) (occupy) einnehmen [Sitz im Parlament]; übernehmen, antreten [Amt]

    take somebody's seat — sich auf jmds. Platz setzen

    is that/this seat taken? — ist da/hier noch frei?

    17) (need, require) brauchen [Platz, Zeit]; haben [Kleider-, Schuhgröße usw.]; (Ling.) haben [Objekt, Plural-s]; gebraucht werden mit [Kasus]

    this verb takes "sein" — dieses Verb wird mit "sein" konjugiert

    the wound will take some time to heal — es braucht einige Zeit, bis die Wunde geheilt ist

    as long as it takes — so lange wie nötig

    something takes an hour/a year/all day — etwas dauert eine Stunde/ein Jahr/einen ganzen Tag

    it takes an hour etc. to do something — es dauert eine Stunde usw., [um] etwas zu tun

    somebody takes or it takes somebody a long time/an hour etc. to do something — jmd. braucht lange/eine Stunde usw., um etwas zu tun

    what took you so long? — was hast du denn so lange gemacht?

    take a lot of work/effort/courage — viel Arbeit/Mühe/Mut kosten

    have [got] what it takes — das Zeug dazu haben

    it will take [quite] a lot of explaining — es wird schwer zu erklären sein

    that story of his takes some believing — die Geschichte, die er da erzählt, ist kaum zu glauben

    it takes a thief to know a thief — nur ein Dieb kennt einen Dieb

    it takes all sorts [to make a world] — es gibt solche und solche

    18) (contain, hold) fassen; (support) tragen
    19) (ascertain and record) notieren [Namen, Adresse, Autonummer usw.]; fühlen [Puls]; messen [Temperatur, Größe usw.]

    take the minutes of a meeting — bei einer Sitzung [das] Protokoll führen

    take somebody's meaning/drift — verstehen, was jmd. meint

    take somebody's point — jmds. Standpunkt verstehen

    take it [that]... — annehmen, [dass]...

    can I take it that...? — kann ich davon ausgehen, dass...?

    take something to mean something — etwas so verstehen, dass...

    take something as settled/as a compliment/refusal — etwas als erledigt betrachten/als eine Ablehnung/ein Kompliment auffassen

    take somebody/something for/to be something — jemanden/etwas für etwas halten

    21) (treat or react to in a specified manner) aufnehmen

    take something well/badly/hard — etwas gut/schlecht/nur schwer verkraften

    somebody takes something very badly/hard — etwas trifft jemanden sehr

    take something calmly or coolly — etwas gelassen [auf- od. hin]nehmen

    you can/may take it as read that... — du kannst sicher sein, dass...

    taking it all in all, taking one thing with another — alles in allem

    22) (accept) annehmen

    take money etc. [from somebody/for something] — Geld usw. [von jemandem/für etwas] [an]nehmen

    will you take £500 for the car? — wollen Sie den Wagen für 500 Pfund verkaufen?

    [you can] take it or leave it — entweder du bist damit einverstanden, oder du lässt es bleiben

    take somebody's word for it — sich auf jemanden od. jmds. Wort[e] verlassen

    take things as they come, take it as it comes — es nehmen, wie es kommt

    23) (receive, submit to) einstecken [müssen] [Schlag, Tritt, Stoß]; (Boxing) nehmen [müssen] [Schlag]; (endure, tolerate) aushalten; vertragen [Klima, Alkohol, Kaffee, Knoblauch]; verwinden [Schock]; (put up with) sich (Dat.) gefallen lassen [müssen] [Kritik, Grobheit]

    take one's punishment bravely — seine Strafe tapfer ertragen

    take no nonsense — sich (Dat.) nichts bieten lassen

    take it — (coll.) es verkraften; (referring to criticism, abuse) damit fertigwerden

    24) (adopt, choose) ergreifen [Maßnahmen]; unternehmen [Schritte]; einschlagen [Weg]; sich entschließen zu [Schritt, Handlungsweise]

    take the wrong road — die falsche Straße fahren/gehen

    take a firm etc. stand [with somebody/on or over something] — jemandem gegenüber/hinsichtlich einer Sache nicht nachgeben

    25) (receive, accommodate) [an]nehmen [Bewerber, Schüler]; aufnehmen [Gäste]
    26) (swindle)

    he was taken for £500 by the conman — (coll.) der Schwindler hat ihm 500 Pfund abgeknöpft (ugs.)

    27)

    be taken with somebody/something — von jemandem/etwas angetan sein

    2. intransitive verb,
    took, taken
    1) (be successful, effective) [Transplantat:] vom Körper angenommen werden; [Impfung:] anschlagen; [Pfropfreis:] anwachsen; [Sämling, Pflanze:] angehen; [Feuer:] zu brennen beginnen; [Fisch:] [an]beißen
    2) (detract)
    3. noun
    (Telev., Cinemat.) Einstellung, die; Take, der od. das (fachspr.)
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (to take or keep (someone) as a hostage: The police were unable to attack the terrorists because they were holding three people hostage.) (jemanden) als Geisel festhalten
    * * *
    [teɪk]
    I. NOUN
    1. no pl (money received) Einnahmen pl
    2. (filming of a scene) Aufnahme f, Take m o nt fachspr
    3.
    ▶ to be on the \take AM ( fam) korrupt sein pej, Bestechungsgelder nehmen
    <took, taken>
    ▪ to \take sth etw annehmen
    this restaurant \takes credit cards dieses Restaurant akzeptiert Kreditkarten
    would you \take an offer? darf ich Ihnen ein Angebot machen?
    to \take sb's advice jds Rat annehmen
    not to \take no for an answer ein Nein nicht akzeptieren
    to \take a bet eine Wette annehmen
    to \take criticism Kritik akzeptieren
    to \take responsibility [for sth] die Verantwortung [für etw akk] übernehmen
    \take my word for it [or \take it from me] das kannst du mir glauben
    to \take sth badly/well etw schlecht/gut aufnehmen
    to \take sth seriously etw ernst nehmen
    ▪ to \take sb/sth somewhere jdn/etw irgendwohin bringen
    could you \take this drink over to Marsha? könntest du Marsha diesen Drink rüberbringen? fam
    will you \take me swimming tomorrow? nimmst du mich morgen zum Schwimmen mit?
    to \take sb to hospital/the station/home jdn ins Krankenhaus/zum Bahnhof/nach Hause fahren
    to \take sb to the cinema jdn ins Kino einladen
    to \take sb for a meal jdn zum Essen einladen (im Restaurant)
    ▪ to \take sth etw nehmen
    he took my arm and led me to the door er nahm meinen Arm und führte mich zur Tür
    may I \take your coat? darf ich Ihnen den Mantel abnehmen?
    to \take sb by the hand/throat jdn bei der Hand nehmen/am Kragen packen
    to \take hold of sb ( fig) jdn ergreifen
    ▪ to \take sth etw ertragen [o verkraften]; abuse, insults etw hinnehmen
    you don't have to take his insults, you know du brauchst dir seine Beleidigungen nicht gefallen lassen
    I just can't take it anymore ich bin am Ende, ich kann einfach nicht mehr
    he couldn't \take it anymore er konnte es nicht länger ertragen
    to be able to \take a joke einen Spaß verstehen [o fam vertragen
    ▪ to \take sth etw aufnehmen
    my car \takes five people mein Auto hat Platz für fünf Leute
    ▪ to \take sth etw erfordern [o benötigen]
    his story took some believing seine Geschichte ist kaum zu glauben
    I \take [a] size five (in shoes) ich habe Schuhgröße fünf
    to \take one's time sich dat Zeit lassen
    to \take the time to do sth sich dat die Zeit nehmen, etw zu tun
    7.
    ▪ it \takes... man braucht...
    it \takes more than that to convince me das überzeugt mich noch lange nicht
    it \takes me an hour ich brauche eine Stunde
    it took me a long time [to...] es hat lange gedauert [bis...]
    hold on, it won't \take long warten Sie, es dauert nicht lange
    it will \take some persuasion er/sie wird schwer zu überreden sein
    it took a lot of courage dazu gehörte viel Mut
    8. LING
    ▪ to \take sth:
    here, ‘sich’ \takes the dative hier wird ‚sich‘ mit dem Dativ gebraucht
    this verb \takes ‘haben’ dieses Verb wird mit ‚haben‘ konjugiert
    ▪ to \take sth etw erhalten [o bekommen]
    we've stopped taking the newspaper wir beziehen die Zeitung nicht mehr
    ▪ to \take sth etw [weg]nehmen; (steal a.) etw stehlen
    \take your books off the table please nimm bitte deine Bücher vom Tisch; MATH
    \take three from five ziehe drei von fünf ab
    to \take a chesspiece eine Schachfigur schlagen
    11. (travel by)
    ▪ to \take sth taxi, train etw nehmen
    she took the 10.30 flight to Edinburgh sie nahm den Flug um 10:30 Uhr nach Edinburg
    \take the M1 motorway up to Newcastle nehmen Sie die Autobahn M1 bis Newcastle
    he took that last bend too fast er nahm die letzte Kurve zu schnell
    to \take the bus/car mit dem Bus/Auto fahren
    12. (eat, consume)
    ▪ to \take sth food, drink etw zu sich dat nehmen; medicine etw einnehmen
    \take a sip trink [o nimm] einen Schluck
    we'll \take the tea in the sitting room wir trinken den Tee im Wohnzimmer
    not to be \taken internally MED nur zur äußerlichen Anwendung
    to \take a flat/house eine Wohnung/ein Haus mieten
    14. (let stay)
    ▪ to \take sb jdn [auf]nehmen
    my mother takes lodgers meine Mutter vermietet [ein] Zimmer
    ▪ to \take sb jdn gefangen nehmen
    to \take prisoners Gefangene machen
    the terrorists took him prisoner die Terroristen nahmen ihn gefangen
    to \take a city eine Stadt einnehmen
    to \take power die Macht ergreifen
    to \take office ein Amt antreten
    17. BRIT, AUS (teach)
    ▪ to \take sth etw unterrichten
    Mr Marshall \takes us for physics in Physik haben wir Herrn Marshall fam
    she \takes private pupils sie gibt Privatstunden
    18. (officiate at)
    to \take a church service einen Gottesdienst halten
    19. (have)
    to \take a rest eine Pause machen
    to \take a walk einen Spaziergang machen
    to \take a cold sich erkälten
    20. (tackle)
    to \take a hurdle/fence eine Hürde/einen Zaun überspringen
    to \take an obstacle ein Hindernis nehmen
    21. BRIT (sit exam)
    to \take a test einen Test machen
    to \take an exam eine Prüfung ablegen
    she took her degree in May sie hat im Mai [ihr] Examen gemacht
    22. (achieve)
    to \take first prize den ersten Preis erhalten
    23. (feel)
    to \take an interest in sb/sth sich akk für jdn/etw interessieren, Interesse an jdm/etw haben
    to \take notice of sb/sth jdn/etw beachten
    to \take offence beleidigt sein
    to \take pity on sb/sth mit jdm/etw Mitleid haben
    to \take the view that... der Ansicht sein, dass..., auf dem Standpunkt stehen, dass...
    24. (earn)
    ▪ to \take sth etw einnehmen
    she \takes £300 a week sie nimmt 300 Pfund die Woche ein
    25. (write)
    to \take notes sich dat Notizen machen
    to \take pictures [or photos] Bilder machen, fotografieren
    this photo was taken last summer dieses Foto ist vom letzten Sommer
    to have one's photo \taken sich akk fotografieren lassen
    27. THEAT, MUS, FILM
    let's \take that scene again lass uns die Szene nochmal machen
    can you \take me through my lines? kannst du mit mir meine Rolle durchgehen?
    let's \take it from the third act fangen wir mit dem dritten Akt an
    \take last week/me,... letzte Woche/ich zum Beispiel...
    ▪ to \take sb/sth for sb/sth [or to be sb/sth] jdn/etw für jdn/etw halten
    I took him to be more intelligent than he turned out to be ich hielt ihn für intelligenter, als er tatsächlich war
    I \take it [that]... ich nehme an, [dass]...
    I \take it that you're coming with us ich nehme an, du kommst mit
    to \take sb's/the point jds/den Standpunkt verstehen
    I \take your point, but... ich verstehe, was du meinst, aber...
    point \taken [habe] verstanden
    if you \take my meaning BRIT wenn du verstehst, was ich meine
    31.
    ▶ to \take it as it comes es nehmen, wie es kommt
    ▶ what do you \take me for? wofür [o SCHWEIZ für was] hältst du mich?
    ▶ he's got what it \takes er bringt's fam, er kann was
    ▶ \take it from me das kannst du mir glauben
    ▶ \take it or leave it entweder du akzeptierst es, oder du lässt es bleiben fam
    ▶ to \take sth lying down etw stillschweigend hinnehmen
    ▶ to \take sb by surprise [or unawares] jdn überraschen
    ▶ to \take one thing at a time eins nach dem anderen erledigen
    <took, taken>
    1. (have effect) wirken; plant angehen; dye angenommen werden; medicine anschlagen
    the ink won't take on this paper dieses Papier nimmt die Tinte nicht an
    2. (become)
    to \take ill krank werden
    ▪ to \take from sth etw schmälern
    will that not \take from it's usefulness? würde das nicht den Gebrauchswert vermindern?
    * * *
    take [teık]
    A s
    1. Fischerei: Fang m
    2. JAGD
    a) Beute f
    b) Erbeutung f
    3. umg Anteil m (of an dat)
    4. besonders US umg Einnahme(n) f(pl)
    5. Take m/n:
    a) FILM Szene(naufnahme) f
    b) RADIO etc Aufnahme f
    6. TYPO Portion f (eines Manuskripts)
    7. MED
    a) Reaktion f (auf eine Impfung)
    b) Anwachsen n (eines Hauttransplantats)
    8. fig Reaktion f: → double take
    9. besonders Br Pachtland n
    10. Schach etc: Schlagen n (einer Figur)
    B v/t prät took [tʊk], pperf taken [ˈteıkən]
    1. allg, z. B. Abschied, Unterricht etc nehmen:
    take it or leave it umg mach, was du willst;
    taken all in all im Großen (u.) Ganzen;
    2. (weg)nehmen:
    take one’s foot off the clutch AUTO den Fuß von der Kupplung nehmen;
    take that silly grin off your face umg hör auf, so blöd zu grinsen!;
    he took three seconds off the record SPORT er verbesserte den Rekord um drei Sekunden
    3. a) nehmen, fassen, packen, ergreifen
    b) SPORT einen Pass etc aufnehmen
    4. Fische etc fangen
    5. einen Verbrecher etc fangen, ergreifen
    6. MIL gefangen nehmen, Gefangene machen
    7. MIL eine Stadt, Stellung etc (ein)nehmen, auch Land erobern, ein Schiff kapern
    8. jemanden erwischen, ertappen ( beide:
    stealing beim Stehlen;
    in a lie bei einer Lüge)
    9. nehmen, sich etwas aneignen, Besitz ergreifen von, sich bemächtigen (gen); → place A 18
    10. a) eine Gabe etc (an-, entgegen)nehmen, empfangen
    b) eine Bestellung aufnehmen (Ober etc)
    11. bekommen, erhalten, Geld, Steuern etc einnehmen, einen Preis etc gewinnen, Geld einspielen (Film): → trick A 7
    12. (heraus)nehmen (from, out of aus), auch fig ein Zitat etc entnehmen ( from dat):
    I take it from sb who knows ich habe (weiß) es von jemandem, der es genau weiß;
    today’s text is taken from … der heutige Text stammt aus …;
    take a single from an album eine Single aus einem Album auskoppeln;
    be taken from … eine Auskopplung aus … sein
    13. eine Speise etc zu sich nehmen, eine Mahlzeit einnehmen, Gift, eine Medizin etc nehmen
    14. sich eine Krankheit holen oder zuziehen: → ill A 6
    15. nehmen:
    a) auswählen:
    I’m not taking any sl ohne mich!
    b) kaufen
    c) mieten
    d) eine Eintritts-, Fahrkarte lösen
    e) eine Frau heiraten
    f) mit einer Frau schlafen
    g) einen Weg wählen
    16. mitnehmen:
    don’t forget to take your umbrella;
    take me with you nimm mich mit;
    you can’t take it with you fig im Grab nützt (dir) aller Reichtum nichts mehr, das letzte Hemd hat keine Taschen
    17. (hin- oder weg)bringen, jemanden wohin führen:
    I took her some flowers ich brachte ihr Blumen
    19. MATH abziehen ( from von)
    20. jemanden treffen, erwischen (Schlag)
    21. ein Hindernis nehmen
    22. jemanden befallen, packen (Empfindung, Krankheit):
    be taken with a disease eine Krankheit bekommen;
    be taken with fear von Furcht gepackt werden
    23. ein Gefühl haben, bekommen, Mitleid etc empfinden, Mut fassen, Anstoß nehmen, Ab-, Zuneigung fassen (to gegen, für):
    take alarm beunruhigt sein (at über akk); → comfort B 1, courage, fancy A 7, pride A 2
    24. Feuer fangen
    25. eine Bedeutung, einen Sinn, eine Eigenschaft, Gestalt annehmen, bekommen, einen Namen, eine Staatsbürgerschaft annehmen
    26. eine Farbe, einen Geruch oder Geschmack annehmen
    27. SPORT und Spiele:
    a) den Ball, einen Punkt, eine Figur, einen Stein abnehmen ( from dat)
    b) einen Stein schlagen
    c) eine Karte stechen
    d) einen Satz etc gewinnen:
    he took bronze medal er gewann die Bronzemedaille
    e) einen Eckstoß etc ausführen
    28. JUR etc erwerben, besonders erben
    29. eine Ware, Zeitung beziehen, WIRTSCH einen Auftrag hereinnehmen
    30. nehmen, verwenden:
    take four eggs man nehme vier Eier
    31. einen Zug, ein Taxi etc nehmen, benutzen
    32. eine Gelegenheit, einen Vorteil ergreifen, wahrnehmen: → chance A 5
    33. (als Beispiel) nehmen
    34. a) einen Platz einnehmen:
    be taken besetzt sein; → seat A 4
    b) seinen Platz einnehmen: → seat A 4
    35. fig jemanden, das Auge, den Sinn gefangen nehmen, fesseln, (für sich) einnehmen:
    be taken with ( oder by) begeistert oder entzückt sein von
    36. den Befehl, die Führung, eine Rolle, eine Stellung, den Vorsitz, JUR jemandes Verteidigung übernehmen
    37. eine Mühe, Verantwortung auf sich nehmen
    38. leisten:
    a) eine Arbeit, einen Dienst verrichten
    b) einen Eid, ein Gelübde ablegen: → oath Bes Redew
    39. eine Notiz, Aufzeichnungen machen, niederschreiben, ein Diktat, Protokoll aufnehmen
    40. FOTO etwas aufnehmen, ein Bild machen
    41. eine Messung, Zählung etc vornehmen, durchführen
    42. wissenschaftlich ermitteln, eine Größe, die Temperatur etc messen, Maß nehmen: → blood pressure, temperature 2
    43. machen, tun:
    take a look einen Blick tun oder werfen (at auf akk)
    44. eine Maßnahme ergreifen, treffen
    45. eine Auswahl treffen
    46. einen Entschluss fassen
    47. eine Fahrt, einen Spaziergang, auch einen Sprung, eine Verbeugung, Wendung etc machen, Anlauf nehmen
    48. eine Ansicht vertreten: → stand A 2, view C 7
    49. a) verstehen
    b) auffassen, auslegen ( beide:
    as als)
    c) etwas gut etc aufnehmen:
    do you take me? verstehen Sie(, was ich meine)?;
    I take it that … ich nehme an, dass …;
    may we take it that …? dürfen wir es so verstehen, dass …?;
    take sth ill of sb jemandem etwas übel nehmen; → seriously
    50. ansehen, betrachten ( beide:
    as als), halten ( for für):
    what do you take me for? wofür halten Sie mich eigentlich?
    51. sich Rechte, Freiheiten (heraus)nehmen
    52. a) einen Rat, eine Auskunft einholen
    b) einen Rat annehmen, befolgen
    53. eine Wette, ein Angebot annehmen
    54. glauben:
    you may take it from me verlass dich drauf!
    55. eine Beleidigung, einen Verlust etc, auch jemanden hinnehmen, eine Strafe, Folgen auf sich nehmen, sich etwas gefallen lassen:
    take people as they are die Leute nehmen, wie sie (eben) sind;
    take life as it comes das Leben so nehmen, wie es kommt;
    I’m not taking this das lass ich mir nicht gefallen
    56. etwas ertragen, aushalten:
    he can take a lot er ist hart im Nehmen;
    take it umg es kriegen, es ausbaden (müssen)
    57. MED sich einer Behandlung etc unterziehen
    58. SCHULE, UNIV eine Prüfung machen, ablegen:
    take French Examen im Französischen machen; → degree 8
    59. eine Rast, Ferien etc machen, Urlaub, auch ein Bad nehmen
    60. Platz, Raum ein-, wegnehmen, beanspruchen
    61. a) Zeit, Material etc, auch fig Geduld, Mut etc brauchen, erfordern, kosten, eine gewisse Zeit dauern:
    it took a long time es dauerte oder brauchte lange;
    the book takes a long time to read man braucht viel Zeit, um das Buch zu lesen;
    the project took two years to plan die Planung des Projekts dauerte zwei Jahre oder nahm zwei Jahre in Anspruch;
    take some minutes einige Minuten brauchen ( doing sth um etwas zu tun);
    it takes a lot of courage to do a thing like that es gehört viel Mut dazu, so etwas zu tun;
    it takes a man to do that das kann nur ein Mann (fertigbringen);
    he took a little convincing es bedurfte (bei ihm) einiger Überredung
    b) jemanden etwas kosten, jemandem etwas abverlangen:
    it took him ( oder he took) three hours es kostete ihn oder er brauchte drei Stunden;
    it took him a long time to get over it er brauchte lange, um darüber hinwegzukommen
    62. eine Kleidergröße, Nummer haben: → size1 A 2
    63. LING
    a) eine grammatische Form annehmen, im Konjunktiv etc stehen
    b) einen Akzent, eine Endung, ein Objekt etc bekommen
    64. aufnehmen, fassen, Platz bieten für
    65. ein Gewicht tragen, aushalten
    C v/i
    1. BOT Wurzeln schlagen
    2. BOT, MED anwachsen (Pfropfreis, Steckling, Transplantat)
    3. MED wirken, anschlagen (Medikament etc)
    4. umg ankommen, ziehen, einschlagen, Anklang finden (Buch, Theaterstück etc)
    5. JUR das Eigentumsrecht erlangen, besonders erben, (als Erbe) zum Zuge kommen
    6. sich gut etc fotografieren (lassen)
    7. Feuer fangen
    8. anbeißen (Fisch)
    9. TECH an-, eingreifen
    * * *
    1.
    [teɪk]transitive verb, took [tʊk], taken ['teɪkn]
    1) (get hold of, grasp, seize) nehmen

    take somebody's arm — jmds. Arm nehmen

    take somebody by the hand/arm — jemanden bei der Hand/am Arm nehmen

    2) (capture) einnehmen [Stadt, Festung]; machen [Gefangenen]; (chess) schlagen; nehmen
    3) (gain, earn) [Laden:] einbringen; [Film, Stück:] einspielen; (win) gewinnen [Satz, Spiel, Preis, Titel]; erzielen [Punkte]; (Cards) machen [Stich]

    take first/second etc. place — den ersten/zweiten usw. Platz belegen; (fig.) an erster/zweiter usw. Stelle kommen

    take the biscuit (Brit. coll.) or (coll.) cake — (fig.) alle/alles übertreffen

    4) (assume possession of) nehmen; (take away with one) mitnehmen; (steal) mitnehmen (verhüll.); (obtain by purchase) kaufen, (by rent) mieten [Auto, Wohnung, Haus]; nehmen [Klavier-, Deutsch-, Fahrstunden]; mitmachen [Tanzkurs]; (buy regularly) nehmen; lesen [Zeitung, Zeitschrift]; (subscribe to) beziehen; (obtain) erwerben [akademischen Grad]; (form a relationship with) sich (Dat.) nehmen [Frau, Geliebten usw.]

    take place — stattfinden; (spontaneously) sich ereignen; [Wandlung:] sich vollziehen

    I'll take this handbag/the curry, please — ich nehme diese Handtasche/das Curry

    5) (avail oneself of, use) nehmen; machen [Pause, Ferien, Nickerchen]; nehmen [Beispiel, Zitat usw.] ( from aus)

    take the opportunity to do/of doing something — die Gelegenheit dazu benutzen, etwas zu tun

    take the car/bus into town — mit dem Auto/Bus in die Stadt fahren

    take two eggs — etc. (in recipe) man nehme zwei Eier usw.

    [let's] take a more recent example/my sister [for example] — nehmen wir ein Beispiel neueren Datums/einmal meine Schwester

    6) (carry, guide, convey) bringen

    take somebody's shoes to the mender['s]/somebody's coat to the cleaner's — jmds. Schuhe zum Schuster/jmds. Mantel in die Reinigung bringen

    take somebody to school/hospital — jemanden zur Schule/ins Krankenhaus bringen

    take somebody to the zoo/cinema/to dinner — mit jemandem in den Zoo/ins Kino/zum Abendessen gehen

    take somebody into one's home/house — jemanden bei sich aufnehmen

    the road takes you/the story takes us to London — die Straße führt nach/die Erzählung führt uns nach London

    his ability will take him far/to the top — mit seinen Fähigkeiten wird er es weit bringen/wird er ganz nach oben kommen

    take somebody/something with one — jemanden/etwas mitnehmen

    take home — mit nach Hause nehmen; (earn) nach Hause bringen [Geld]; (accompany) nach Hause bringen od. begleiten; (to meet one's parents etc.) mit nach Hause bringen

    take somebody through/over something — (fig.) mit jemandem etwas durchgehen

    take in hand — (begin) in Angriff nehmen; (assume responsibility for) sich kümmern um

    take somebody into partnership [with one]/into the business — jemanden zu seinem Teilhaber machen/in sein Geschäft aufnehmen

    take a stick etc. to somebody — den Stock usw. bei jemandem gebrauchen

    take something to pieces or bits — etwas auseinander nehmen

    you can/can't take somebody anywhere — (fig. coll.) man kann jemanden überallhin/nirgendwohin mitnehmen

    you can't take it 'with you — (coll.) man kann es ja nicht mitnehmen

    7) (remove) nehmen; (deduct) abziehen

    take something/somebody from somebody — jemandem etwas/jemanden wegnehmen

    take all the fun/hard work out of something — einem alle Freude an etwas (Dat.) nehmen/einem die schwere Arbeit bei etwas ersparen

    8)

    somebody takes courage from something — etwas macht jemandem Mut; see also heart 1)

    9)

    be taken ill or (coll.) sick — krank werden

    10) (make) machen [Foto, Kopie]; (photograph) aufnehmen
    11) (perform, execute) aufnehmen [Brief, Diktat]; machen [Prüfung, Sprung, Spaziergang, Reise, Umfrage]; durchführen [Befragung, Volkszählung]; ablegen [Gelübde, Eid]; übernehmen [Rolle, Part]; treffen [Entscheidung]

    take a fall/tumble — stürzen/straucheln

    take a step forward/backward — einen Schritt vor-/zurücktreten

    take a turn for the better/worse — eine Wende zum Besseren/Schlechteren nehmen

    12) (negotiate) nehmen [Zaun, Mauer, Hürde, Kurve, Hindernis]
    13) (conduct) halten [Gottesdienst, Andacht, Unterricht]
    15) (consume) trinken [Tee, Kaffee, Kognak usw.]; nehmen [Zucker, Milch, Überdosis, Tabletten, Medizin]

    not to be taken [internally] — nicht zur innerlichen Anwendung

    16) (occupy) einnehmen [Sitz im Parlament]; übernehmen, antreten [Amt]

    take somebody's seat — sich auf jmds. Platz setzen

    is that/this seat taken? — ist da/hier noch frei?

    17) (need, require) brauchen [Platz, Zeit]; haben [Kleider-, Schuhgröße usw.]; (Ling.) haben [Objekt, Plural-s]; gebraucht werden mit [Kasus]

    this verb takes "sein" — dieses Verb wird mit "sein" konjugiert

    the wound will take some time to heal — es braucht einige Zeit, bis die Wunde geheilt ist

    something takes an hour/a year/all day — etwas dauert eine Stunde/ein Jahr/einen ganzen Tag

    it takes an hour etc. to do something — es dauert eine Stunde usw., [um] etwas zu tun

    somebody takes or it takes somebody a long time/an hour etc. to do something — jmd. braucht lange/eine Stunde usw., um etwas zu tun

    take a lot of work/effort/courage — viel Arbeit/Mühe/Mut kosten

    have [got] what it takes — das Zeug dazu haben

    it will take [quite] a lot of explaining — es wird schwer zu erklären sein

    that story of his takes some believing — die Geschichte, die er da erzählt, ist kaum zu glauben

    it takes all sorts [to make a world] — es gibt solche und solche

    18) (contain, hold) fassen; (support) tragen
    19) (ascertain and record) notieren [Namen, Adresse, Autonummer usw.]; fühlen [Puls]; messen [Temperatur, Größe usw.]

    take the minutes of a meeting — bei einer Sitzung [das] Protokoll führen

    20) (apprehend, grasp)

    take somebody's meaning/drift — verstehen, was jmd. meint

    take somebody's point — jmds. Standpunkt verstehen

    take it [that]... — annehmen, [dass]...

    can I take it that...? — kann ich davon ausgehen, dass...?

    take something to mean something — etwas so verstehen, dass...

    take something as settled/as a compliment/refusal — etwas als erledigt betrachten/als eine Ablehnung/ein Kompliment auffassen

    take somebody/something for/to be something — jemanden/etwas für etwas halten

    take something well/badly/hard — etwas gut/schlecht/nur schwer verkraften

    somebody takes something very badly/hard — etwas trifft jemanden sehr

    take something calmly or coolly — etwas gelassen [auf- od. hin]nehmen

    you can/may take it as read that... — du kannst sicher sein, dass...

    taking it all in all, taking one thing with another — alles in allem

    22) (accept) annehmen

    take money etc. [from somebody/for something] — Geld usw. [von jemandem/für etwas] [an]nehmen

    will you take £500 for the car? — wollen Sie den Wagen für 500 Pfund verkaufen?

    [you can] take it or leave it — entweder du bist damit einverstanden, oder du lässt es bleiben

    take somebody's word for it — sich auf jemanden od. jmds. Wort[e] verlassen

    take things as they come, take it as it comes — es nehmen, wie es kommt

    23) (receive, submit to) einstecken [müssen] [Schlag, Tritt, Stoß]; (Boxing) nehmen [müssen] [Schlag]; (endure, tolerate) aushalten; vertragen [Klima, Alkohol, Kaffee, Knoblauch]; verwinden [Schock]; (put up with) sich (Dat.) gefallen lassen [müssen] [Kritik, Grobheit]

    take no nonsense — sich (Dat.) nichts bieten lassen

    take it — (coll.) es verkraften; (referring to criticism, abuse) damit fertigwerden

    24) (adopt, choose) ergreifen [Maßnahmen]; unternehmen [Schritte]; einschlagen [Weg]; sich entschließen zu [Schritt, Handlungsweise]

    take the wrong road — die falsche Straße fahren/gehen

    take a firm etc. stand [with somebody/on or over something] — jemandem gegenüber/hinsichtlich einer Sache nicht nachgeben

    25) (receive, accommodate) [an]nehmen [Bewerber, Schüler]; aufnehmen [Gäste]

    he was taken for £500 by the conman — (coll.) der Schwindler hat ihm 500 Pfund abgeknöpft (ugs.)

    27)

    be taken with somebody/something — von jemandem/etwas angetan sein

    2. intransitive verb,
    took, taken
    1) (be successful, effective) [Transplantat:] vom Körper angenommen werden; [Impfung:] anschlagen; [Pfropfreis:] anwachsen; [Sämling, Pflanze:] angehen; [Feuer:] zu brennen beginnen; [Fisch:] [an]beißen
    3. noun
    (Telev., Cinemat.) Einstellung, die; Take, der od. das (fachspr.)
    Phrasal Verbs:
    * * *
    (do) one's driving test expr.
    seinen Führerschein machen ausdr. (in) shorthand expr.
    stenographieren v. (lift) from an album expr.
    auskoppeln (Titel von einem Album) v. (the) responsibility for expr.
    verantworten v. (advice) v.
    befolgen (Rat) v. v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: took, taken)
    = einnehmen v.
    ergreifen v.
    nehmen v.
    nehmen v.
    (§ p.,pp.: nahm, genommen)
    vornehmen v.
    wegnehmen v.

    English-german dictionary > take

  • 62 Bain, Alexander

    [br]
    b. October 1810 Watten, Scotland
    d. 2 January 1877 Kirkintilloch, Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish inventor and entrepreneur who laid the foundations of electrical horology and designed an electromagnetic means of transmitting images (facsimile).
    [br]
    Alexander Bain was born into a crofting family in a remote part of Scotland. He was apprenticed to a watchmaker in Wick and during that time he was strongly influenced by a lecture on "Heat, sound and electricity" that he heard in nearby Thurso. This lecture induced him to take up a position in Clerkenwell in London, working as a journeyman clockmaker, where he was able to further his knowledge of electricity by attending lectures at the Adelaide Gallery and the Polytechnic Institution. His thoughts naturally turned to the application of electricity to clockmaking, and despite a bitter dispute with Charles Wheatstone over priority he was granted the first British patent for an electric clock. This patent, taken out on 11 January 1841, described a mechanism for an electric clock, in which an oscillating component of the clock operated a mechanical switch that initiated an electromagnetic pulse to maintain the regular, periodic motion. This principle was used in his master clock, produced in 1845. On 12 December of the same year, he patented a means of using electricity to control the operation of steam railway engines via a steam-valve. His earliest patent was particularly far-sighted and anticipated most of the developments in electrical horology that occurred during the nineteenth century. He proposed the use of electricity not only to drive clocks but also to distribute time over a distance by correcting the hands of mechanical clocks, synchronizing pendulums and using slave dials (here he was anticipated by Steinheil). However, he was less successful in putting these ideas into practice, and his electric clocks proved to be unreliable. Early electric clocks had two weaknesses: the battery; and the switching mechanism that fed the current to the electromagnets. Bain's earth battery, patented in 1843, overcame the first defect by providing a reasonably constant current to drive his clocks, but unlike Hipp he failed to produce a reliable switch.
    The application of Bain's numerous patents for electric telegraphy was more successful, and he derived most of his income from these. They included a patent of 12 December 1843 for a form of fax machine, a chemical telegraph that could be used for the transmission of text and of images (facsimile). At the receiver, signals were passed through a moving band of paper impregnated with a solution of ammonium nitrate and potassium ferrocyanide. For text, Morse code signals were used, and because the system could respond to signals faster than those generated by hand, perforated paper tape was used to transmit the messages; in a trial between Paris and Lille, 282 words were transmitted in less than one minute. In 1865 the Abbé Caselli, a French engineer, introduced a commercial fax service between Paris and Lyons, based on Bain's device. Bain also used the idea of perforated tape to operate musical wind instruments automatically. Bain squandered a great deal of money on litigation, initially with Wheatstone and then with Morse in the USA. Although his inventions were acknowledged, Bain appears to have received no honours, but when towards the end of his life he fell upon hard times, influential persons in 1873 secured for him a Civil List Pension of £80 per annum and the Royal Society gave him £150.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1841, British patent no. 8,783; 1843, British patent no. 9,745; 1845, British patent no.
    10,838; 1847, British patent no. 11,584; 1852, British patent no. 14,146 (all for electric clocks).
    1852, A Short History of the Electric Clocks with Explanation of Their Principles and
    Mechanism and Instruction for Their Management and Regulation, London; reprinted 1973, introd. W.Hackmann, London: Turner \& Devereux (as the title implies, this pamphlet was probably intended for the purchasers of his clocks).
    Further Reading
    The best account of Bain's life and work is in papers by C.A.Aked in Antiquarian Horology: "Electricity, magnetism and clocks" (1971) 7: 398–415; "Alexander Bain, the father of electrical horology" (1974) 9:51–63; "An early electric turret clock" (1975) 7:428–42. These papers were reprinted together (1976) in A Conspectus of Electrical Timekeeping, Monograph No. 12, Antiquarian Horological Society: Tilehurst.
    J.Finlaison, 1834, An Account of Some Remarkable Applications of the Electric Fluid to the Useful Arts by Alexander Bain, London (a contemporary account between Wheatstone and Bain over the invention of the electric clock).
    J.Munro, 1891, Heroes of the Telegraph, Religious Tract Society.
    J.Malster \& M.J.Bowden, 1976, "Facsimile. A Review", Radio \&Electronic Engineer 46:55.
    D.J.Weaver, 1982, Electrical Clocks and Watches, Newnes.
    T.Hunkin, 1993, "Just give me the fax", New Scientist (13 February):33–7 (provides details of Bain's and later fax devices).
    DV / KF

    Biographical history of technology > Bain, Alexander

  • 63 Cros, Hortensius Emile Charles

    [br]
    b. 1 October 1842 Fabrezan (Aude), France
    d. 9 August 1888 Paris, France
    [br]
    French inventor of chromolithography and the principles of reproducible sound recording.
    [br]
    He received no formal education, but was brought up by his father, a distinguished teacher and philosopher. He dabbled in diverse subjects (modern and ancient languages, mathematics, drawing) in 1856–60 when he became an instructor at the institute of the Deaf-Mute at Paris. He became a prolific inventor and poet and took part in artistic life in Paris. In the 1867 Exposition Universelle in Paris, Cros contributed a facsimile telegraph; he deposited with the Académie des Sciences a sealed text on photography which was not opened until 1876. In the meantime he published a small text on a general solution of the problem of colour photography which appeared almost simultaneously with a similar publication by Louis Ducos du Hauron and which gave rise to bitter discussions over priority. He deposited a sealed paper on 18 April 1877 concerning his concept of apparatus for recording and reproduction of sound which he called the paléophone. When it was opened on 3 December 1877 it was not known that T.A. Edison was already active in this field: Cros is considered the conceptual founder of reproducible sound, whereas Edison was the first "to reduce to practice", which is one of the US criteria for patentability.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    French patent no. 124, 213 (filed 1 May and 2 August 1878).
    Further Reading
    Louis Forestier, 1969, Charles Cros: L'Homme et l'oeuvre, Paris: Seghers.
    GB-N

    Biographical history of technology > Cros, Hortensius Emile Charles

  • 64 θεός

    θεός, οῦ (Hom.+; Herm. Wr.; ins, pap, LXX, pseudepigr., Philo, Joseph.) ὁ and ἡ, voc. θεέ (Pisidian ins [JHS 22, 1902, 355] θέ; PGM 4, 218 θεὲ θεῶν; 7, 529 κύριε θεὲ μέγιστε; 12, 120 κύριε θεέ; 13, 997; LXX [Thackeray 145; PKatz, Philo’s Bible ’50, 152f]; ApcMos 42; Jos., Ant. 14, 24 ὦ θεὲ βασιλεῦ τ. ὅλων; SibOr 13, 172 βασιλεῦ κόσμου θεέ) Mt 27:46, more frequently (s. 2 and 3c, h below) ὁ θεός (LXX; ParJer 6:12; ApcEsdr 7:5; ApcMos 32; B-D-F §147, 3m; JWackernagel, Über einige antike Anredeformen 1912; Mlt-H. 120). On the inclusion or omission of the art. gener. s. W-S. §19, 13d; B-D-F §254, 1; 268, 2; Rob. 758; 761; 780; 786; 795; Mlt-Turner 174; BWeiss, D. Gebr. des Artikels bei den Gottesnamen, StKr 84, 1911, 319–92; 503–38 (also published separately). The sg. article freq. suggests personal claim on a deity. ‘God, god’.
    ① In the Gr-Rom. world the term θεός primarily refers to a transcendent being who exercises extraordinary control in human affairs or is responsible for bestowal of unusual benefits, deity, god, goddess (s. on θεά) Ac 28:6; 2 Th 2:4 (cp. SibOr 5, 34 ἰσάζων θεῷ αὐτόν; Ar. 4, 1 οὐκ εἰσὶ θεοί; Tat. 10, 1 θεὸς … κύκνος γίνεται …; Ath. 18, 3 θεός τις δισώματος); θεὸς Ῥαιφάν Ac 7:43 (Am 5:26; s. entry Ῥαιφάν). οὐδεὶς θεὸς εἰ μὴ εἷς there is no god but one 1 Cor 8:4 (cp. AcPl Ha 1, 17 restored). θεοῦ φωνὴ καὶ οὐκ ἀνθρώπου Ac 12:22.—ἡ θεός the (female) god, goddess (Att., later more rarely; Peripl. Eryth. c. 58; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 17, 2; SIG 695, 28; ins, one of which refers to Artemis, in Hauser p. 81f; Jos., Ant. 9, 19; Ar. 11, 2 [Artemis]; Ath. 29, 2 [Ino]) Ac 19:37.—Pl. Ac 7:40 (Ex 32:1). Cp. 14:11; 19:26; PtK 2 p. 14, 21. εἴπερ εἰσὶν λεγόμενοι θεοί even if there are so-called gods 1 Cor 8:5a; s. vs. 5b (on θεοὶ πολλοί cp. Jos., Ant. 4, 149.—Maximus Tyr. 11, 5a: θ. πολλοί w. εἷς θ. πατήρ). οἱ φύσει μὴ ὄντες θεοί those who by nature are not really gods Gal 4:8b (cp. Ar. 4, 2 μὴ εἶναι τὸν οὐρανὸν θεόν al.). θεοὶ … λίθινοι etc. AcPl Ha 1, 18 (cp. JosAs 10:13 τοὺς χρυσοῦς καὶ ἀργυροῦς). Of the devil μὴ ὢν θεός AcPlCor 2:15.
    ② Some writings in our lit. use the word θ. w. ref. to Christ (without necessarily equating Christ with the Father, and therefore in harmony w. the Shema of Israel Dt 6:4; cp. Mk 10:18 and 4a below), though the interpretation of some of the pass. is in debate. In Mosaic and Gr-Rom. traditions the fundamental semantic component in the understanding of deity is the factor of performance, namely saviorhood or extraordinary contributions to one’s society. Dg. 10:6 defines the ancient perspective: ὸ̔ς ἃ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ λάβων ἔχει, ταῦτα τοῖς ἐπιδεομένοις χορηγῶν, θεὸς γίνεται τῶν λαμβανάντων one who ministers to the needy what one has received from God proves to be a god to the recipients (cp. Sb III, 6263, 27f of a mother). Such understanding led to the extension of the mng. of θ. to pers. who elicit special reverence (cp. pass. under 4 below; a similar development can be observed in the use of σέβομαι and cognates). In Ro 9:5 the interpr. is complicated by demand of punctuation marks in printed texts. If a period is placed before ὁ ὢν κτλ., the doxology refers to God as defined in Israel (so EAbbot, JBL 1, 1881, 81–154; 3, 1883, 90–112; RLipsius; HHoltzmann, Ntl. Theol.2 II 1911, 99f; EGünther, StKr 73, 1900, 636–44; FBurkitt, JTS 5, 1904, 451–55; Jülicher; PFeine, Theol. d. NTs6 ’34, 176 et al.; RSV text; NRSV mg.). A special consideration in favor of this interpretation is the status assigned to Christ in 1 Cor 15:25–28 and the probability that Paul is not likely to have violated the injunction in Dt 5:7.—If a comma is used in the same place, the reference is to Christ (so BWeiss; EBröse, NKZ 10, 1899, 645–57 et al.; NRSV text; RSV mg. S. also εἰμί 1.—Undecided: THaering.—The transposition by the Socinian scholar JSchlichting [died 1661] ὧν ὁ=‘to whom belongs’ was revived by JWeiss, D. Urchristentum 1917, 363; WWrede, Pls 1905, 82; CStrömman, ZNW 8, 1907, 319f). In 2 Pt 1:1; 1J 5:20 the interpretation is open to question (but cp. ISmyrna McCabe.0010, 100 ὁ θεὸς καὶ σωτὴρ Ἀντίοχος). In any event, θ. certainly refers to Christ, as one who manifests primary characteristics of deity, in the foll. NT pass.: J 1:1b (w. ὁ θεός 1:1a, which refers to God in the monotheistic context of Israel’s tradition. On the problem raised by such attribution s. J 10:34 [cp. Ex 7:1; Ps 81:6]; on θεός w. and without the article, acc. to whether it means God or the Logos, s. Philo, Somn. 1, 229f; JGriffiths, ET 62, ’50/51, 314–16; BMetzger, ET 63, ’51/52, 125f), 18b. ὁ κύριός μου καὶ ὁ θεός μου my Lord and my God! (nom. w. art.=voc.; s. beg. of this entry.—On a resurrection as proof of divinity cp. Diog. L. 8, 41, who quotes Hermippus: Pythagoras returns from a journey to Hades and appears among his followers [εἰσέρχεσθαι εἰς τὴν ἐκκλησίαν], and they consider him θεῖόν τινα) J 20:28 (on the combination of κύριος and θεός s. 3c below). Tit 2:13 (μέγας θ.). Hb 1:8, 9 (in a quot. fr. Ps 44:7, 8). S. TGlasson, NTS 12, ’66, 270–72. Jd 5 P72. But above all Ignatius calls Christ θεός in many pass.: θεὸς Ἰησοῦς Χριστός ITr 7:1; Χριστὸς θεός ISm 10:1. ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν IEph ins; 15:3; 18:2; IRo ins (twice); 3:3; IPol 8:3; τὸ πάθος τοῦ θεοῦ μου IRo 6:3. ἐν αἵματι θεοῦ IEph 1:1. ἐν σαρκὶ γενόμενος θεός 7:2. θεὸς ἀνθρωπίνως φανερούμενος 19:3. θεὸς ὁ οὕτως ὑμᾶς σοφίσας ISm 1:1.—Hdb. exc. 193f; MRackl, Die Christologie d. hl. Ign. v. Ant. 1914. ὁ θεός μου Χριστὲ Ἰησοῦ AcPl Ha 3, 10; Χριστὸς Ἰησοῦς ὁ θ[εός] 6, 24; cp. ln. 34 (also cp. Just., A I, 63, 15, D. 63, 5 al.; Tat. 13, 3; Ath. 24, 1; Mel., P. 4, 28 al.).—SLösch, Deitas Jesu u. antike Apotheose ’33. Cp. AWlosk, Römischer Kaiserkult ’78.
    ③ God in Israelite/Christian monotheistic perspective, God the predom. use, somet. with, somet. without the art.
    ⓐ ὁ θεός Mt 1:23; 3:9; 5:8, 34; Mk 2:12; 10:18; 13:19 (cp. TestJob 37:4); Lk 2:13; J 3:2b; Ac 2:22b; Gal 2:6 al. With prep. εἰς τὸν θ. Ac 24:15. ἐκ τοῦ θ. J 8:42b, 47; 1J 3:9f; 4:1ff, 6f; 5:1, 4; 2 Cor 3:5; 5:18 al.; ἐν τῷ θ. Ro 5:11; Col 3:3 (Ath. 21, 1). ἔναντι τοῦ θ. Lk 1:8; ἐπὶ τὸν θ. Ac 15:19; 26:18, 20 (Just., D. 101, 1); ἐπὶ τῷ θ. Lk 1:47 (Just., D. 8, 2); παρὰ τοῦ θ. J 8:40 (Ar. 4, 2; Just., A I, 33, 6 al.; without art. Just., D. 69, 6 al.). παρὰ τῷ θ. Ro 2:13; 9:14 (Just., A I, 28, 3; Tat. 7, 1; Ath. 31, 2 al.); πρὸς τὸν θ. J 1:2; Ac 24:16; AcPl Ha 3, 8 (Just., D. 39, 1 al.; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13 al.); τὰ πρὸς τὸν θ. Hb 2:17; 5:1; Ro 15:17 is acc. of respect: with respect to one’s relation to God or the things pert. to God, in God’s cause (s. B-D-F §160; Rob. 486. For τὰ πρὸς τ. θ. s. Soph., Phil. 1441; X., De Rep. Lac. 13, 11; Aristot., Pol. 1314b, 39; Lucian, Pro Imag. 8; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 109, 3 [III B.C.] εὐσεβὴς τὰ πρὸς θεούς; Ex 4:16; 18:19; Jos., Ant. 9, 236 εὐσεβὴς τὰ πρὸς τ. θεόν). τὰ πρὸς τ[ὸν] θεὸν ἐτήρουσαν, when they were observant of matters pert. to God AcPl Ha 8, 13 (=τα π̣ρος θ̣̄ν̄| ἐτήρουσαν Ox 1602, 10f=BMM recto 16 restored after the preceding).
    ⓑ without the art. Mt 6:24; Lk 2:14; 20:38; J 1:18a; Ro 8:8, 33b; 2 Cor 1:21; 5:19; Gal 2:19; 4:8f; 2 Th 1:8; Tit 1:16; 3:8; Hb 3:4; AcPl Ha 8, 20=BMM recto 25 (s. also HSanders’ rev. of Ox 1602, 26, in HTR 31, ’38, 79, n. 2, Ghent 62 verso, 6); AcPlCor 1:15; 2:19, 26. W. prep. ἀπὸ θεοῦ J 3:2a; 16:30 (Just., A II, 13, 4 τὸν … ἀπὸ ἀγεννήτου … θεοῦ λόγον). εἰς θεόν IPhld 1:2. ἐκ θεοῦ (Pind., O. 11, 10, P. 1, 41; Jos., Ant. 2, 164; Just., A I, 22, 2; Mel., P. 55, 404) Ac 5:39; 2 Cor 5:1; Phil 3:9. ἐν θεῷ J 8:21; Ro 2:17; Jd 1; AcPl Ha 1, 15; 2, 35. ἐπὶ θεόν AcPl Ha 2, 29 (cp. πρὸς θεόν Just., D. 138, 2). κατὰ θεόν acc. to God’s will (Appian, Iber. 19 §73; 23 §88; 26 §101, Liby. 6 §25, Bell. Civ. 4, 86 §364) Ro 8:27; 2 Cor 7:9ff; IEph 2:1. ἡ κατὰ θ. ἀγάπη godly love IMg 1:1; cp. 13:1; ITr 1:2. παρὰ θεῷ (Jos., Bell. 1, 635) Mt 19:26; Lk 2:52.
    ⓒ w. gen. foll. or w. ἴδιος to denote a special relationship: ὁ θ. Ἀβραάμ Mt 22:32; Mk 12:26; Lk 20:37; Ac 3:13; 7:32 (all Ex 3:6). ὁ θ. (τοῦ) Ἰσραήλ (Ezk 44:2; JosAs 7:5) Mt 15:31; Lk 1:68; cp. Ac 13:17; 2 Cor 6:16; Hb 11:16. ὁ θ. μου Ro 1:8; 1 Cor 1:4; 2 Cor 12:21; Phil 1:3; 4:19; Phlm 4. OT κύριος ὁ θ. σου (ἡμῶν, ὑμῶν, αὐτῶν) Mt 4:7 (Dt 6:16); 22:37 (Dt 6:5); Mk 12:29 (Dt 6:4); Lk 1:16; 4:8 (Dt 6:13); 10:27 (Dt 6:5); Ac 2:39. ὁ κύριος καὶ ὁ θ. ἡμῶν Rv 4:11 (Just., D. 12, 3; the combination of κύριος and θεός is freq. in the OT: 2 Km 7:28; 3 Km 18:39; Jer 38:18; Zech 13:9; Ps 29:3; 34:23; 85:15; 87:2; TestAbr A 3 p. 79, 19 [Stone p. 6]; JosAs 3:4; 12:2 κύριε ὁ θ. τῶν αἰώνων. But s. also Epict. 2, 16, 13 κύριε ὁ θεός [GBreithaupt, Her. 62, 1927, 253–55], Herm. Wr.: Cat. Cod. Astr. VIII/2, p. 172, 6 κύριε ὁ θεὸς ἡμῶν, the PGM ref. at the beg. of this entry, and the sacral uses τ. θεῷ κ. κυρίῳ Σοκνοπαίῳ [OGI 655, 3f—24 B.C.]; PTebt 284, 6; τῷ κυρίῳ θεῷ Ἀσκληπίῳ [Sb 159, 2]; deo domino Saturno [ins fr. imperial times fr. Thala in the prov. of Africa: BPhW 21, 1901, 475], also Suetonius, Domit. 13 dominus et deus noster [for the formulation s. 4a: PMich 209]; Ar. 15, 10; Just., D. 60, 3 al.) τὸν ἴδιον θ. AcPl Ha 3, 22.—ὁ θ. τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰ. Χ. Eph 1:17.
    ⓓ used w. πατήρ (s. πατήρ 6a) ὁ θ. καὶ πατὴρ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ Ro 15:6; 2 Cor 1:3; Eph 1:3; Col 1:3; 1 Pt 1:3. ὁ θ. καὶ πατὴρ ἡμῶν Gal 1:4; Phil 4:20; 1 Th 1:3; 3:11, 13. ὁ θ. καὶ πατήρ 1 Cor 15:24; Eph 5:20; Js 1:27. θ. πατήρ Phil 2:11; 1 Pt 1:2; cp. 1 Cor 8:6. ἀπὸ θεοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν Ro 1:7b; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; Phlm 3; ἀπὸ θ. π. Gal 1:3 v.l.; Eph 6:23; 2 Th 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; παρὰ θεοῦ π. 2 Pt 1:17; 2J 3.
    ⓔ w. gen. of what God brings about, in accordance w. the divine nature: ὁ θ. τῆς εἰρήνης Ro 15:33; 1 Th 5:23. τῆς ἐλπίδος the God fr. whom hope comes Ro 15:13. πάσης παρακλήσεως 2 Cor 1:3b. ὁ θ. τῆς ἀγάπης 13:11. ὁ θ. πάσης χάριτος 1 Pt 5:10. In οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἀκαταστασίας ὁ θεός 1 Cor 14:33, θεός is to be supplied before ἀκατ.: for God is not a God of disorder.
    ⓕ The gen. (τοῦ) θεοῦ is
    α. subj. gen., extremely freq. depending on words like βασιλεία, δόξα, θέλημα, ἐντολή, εὐαγγέλιον, λόγος, ναός, οἶκος, πνεῦμα, υἱός, υἱοί, τέκνα and many others. Here prob. (s. β) belongs τὸ μωρὸν τ. θ. the (seeming) foolishness of G. 1 Cor 1:25 (s. B-D-F §263, 2).
    β. obj. gen. ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θ. love for God Lk 11:42; J 5:42; ἡ προσευχὴ τοῦ θ. prayer to God Lk 6:12. πίστις θεοῦ faith in God Mk 11:22. φόβος θεοῦ fear of, reverence for God Ro 3:18 al. (s. φόβος 2bα) If 1 Cor 1:25 is to be placed here (s. α above), τὸ μωρὸν τ. θ. refers to apostolic allegiance to God, which is viewed by outsiders as folly.
    γ. τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ the things, ways, thoughts, or secret purposes of God 1 Cor 2:11. φρονεῖν τὰ τ. θ. Mt 16:23; Mk 8:33 s. φρονέω 2b (ἀτιμάζοντας τὰ τοῦ θ. Just., D. 78, 10 al.). ἀποδιδόναι τὰ τ. θ. τῷ θεῷ give God what belongs to God Mt 22:21; Mk 12:17; Lk 20:25.
    δ. Almost as a substitute for the adj. divine IMg 6:1f; 15 (cp. Ath. 21, 4 οὐδὲν ἔχων θεοῦ [of Zeus]).
    ⓖ The dat. τῷ θεῷ (s. B-D-F §188, 2; 192; Rob. 538f; WHavers, Untersuchungen z. Kasussyntax d. indogerm. Sprachen 1911, 162ff) is
    α. dat. of advantage (cp. e.g. Ath. 26, 3 ὡς ἐπηκόῳ θεῷ) for God 2 Cor 5:13. Perh. (s. β) ὅπλα δυνατὰ τῷ θ. 10:4. The dat. of Ro 6:10f rather expresses the possessor.
    β. ethical dat. in the sight of God, hence w. superl. force (s. Beginn. IV, 75, on Ac 7:20) very: μεγάλοι τῷ θ. B 8:4 (cp. Jon 3:3). ἀστεῖος τῷ θ. Ac 7:20. Perh. (s. α) ὅπλα δυνατὰ τ. θ. weapons powerful in the sight of God 2 Cor 10:4. This idea is usu. expressed by ἐνώπιον τοῦ θ.
    ⓗ ὁ θ. is used as a vocative Mk 15:34 (Ps 21:2. θεός twice at the beginning of the invocation of a prayer: Ael. Dion. θ, 8; Paus. Attic. θ, 7 ‘θεὸς θεός’ ταῖς ἀρχαῖς ἐπέλεγον ἐπιφημιζόμενοι); Lk 18:11; Hb 1:8 (Ps 44:7; MHarris, TynBull 36, ’85, 129–62); 10:7 (Ps 39:9); AcPl Ha 3, 10; 5, 12; 31. S. also 2 and 3c and the beg. of this entry.
    ⓘ θ. τῶν αἰώνων s. αἰών 3 and 4; θ. αἰώνιος s. αἰώνιος 2; θ. ἀληθινός s. ἀληθινός 3b; εἷς ὁ θεός s. εἷς 2b; (ὁ) θ. (ὁ) ζῶν s. [ζάω] 1aε.—ὁ μόνος θεός the only God (4 Km 19:15, 19; Ps 85:10; Is 37:20; Da 3:45; Philo, Leg. All. 2, 1f; s. Norden, Agn. Th. 145) J 5:44 (some mss. lack τοῦ μόνου); 1 Ti 1:17.—ὁ μόνος ἀληθινὸς θ. (Demochares: 75 Fgm. 2 p. 135, 7 Jac. [in Athen. 6, 62, 253c] μόνος θ. ἀληθινός) J 17:3. cp. the sim. combinations w. μόνος θ. Ro 16:27; Jd 25. μόνος ὁ θεὸς μένει AcPl Ha 2, 27.—θ. σωτήρ s. σωτήρ 1.—OHoltzmann, D. chr. Gottesglaube, s. Vorgesch. u. Urgesch.1905; EvDobschütz, Rationales u. irrat. Denken über Gott im Urchristent.: StKr 95, 1924, 235–55; RHoffmann, D. Gottesbild Jesu ’34; PAlthaus, D. Bild Gottes b. Pls: ThBl 20, ’41, 81–92; Dodd 3–8; KRahner, Theos im NT: Bijdragen (Maastricht) 11, ’50, 212–36; 12, ’51, 24–52.
    ④ that which is nontranscendent but considered worthy of special reverence or respect, god (Artem. 2, 69 p. 161, 17: γονεῖς and διδάσκαλοι are like gods; Simplicius in Epict. p. 85, 27 acc. to ancient Roman custom children had to call their parents θεοί; s. 2 above and note on σέβομαι).
    ⓐ of humans θεοί (as אֱלֹהִים) J 10:34f (Ps 81:6; humans are called θ. in the OT also Ex 7:1; 22:27; cp. Philo, Det. Pot. Insid. 161f, Somn. 1, 229, Mut. Nom. 128, Omn. Prob. Lib. 43, Mos. 1, 158, Decal. 120, Leg. All. 1, 40, Migr. Abr. 84). θ. γίνεται τῶν λαμβανόντων (a benefactor) proves to be a god to recipients Dg 10:6 (cp. Pliny, NH 2, 7, 18; s. 2 above, beg.—Aristot., Pol. 3, 8, 1, 1284a of the superior pers. as a god among humans; Arcesilaus [III B.C.] describes Crates and Polemo as θεοί τινες=‘a kind of gods’ [Diog. L. 4, 22]; Antiphanes says of the iambic poet Philoxenus: θεὸς ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ἦν [Athen. 14, 50, 643d]; Diod S 1, 4, 7 and 5, 21, 2 of Caesar; for honors accorded Demetrius, s. IKertész, Bemerkungen zum Kult des Demetrios Poliorketes: Oikumene 2, ’78, 163–75 [lit.]; Dio Chrys. 30 [47], 5 Πυθαγόρας ἐτιμᾶτο ὡς θεός; Heliod. 4, 7, 8 σωτὴρ κ. θεός, addressed to a physician; BGU 1197, 1 [4 B.C.] a high official, and 1201, 1 [2 B.C.] a priest θεός and κύριος; PMich 209, 11f [II/III A.D.] οἶδας ἄδελφε, ὅτει οὐ μόνον ὧς ἀδελφόν σε ἔχω, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὡς πατέρα κ. κύριον κ. θεόν; Just., A I, 26, 2 [Σίμων] θεὸς ἐνομίσθη καὶ … ὡς θεὸς τετίμηται; Tat. 3, 2 μὴ θεὸς ὤν [Empedocles]; Ath. 30, 2 Ἀντίνους … ἔτυχε νομίζεσθαι θεός of benefactors in gener. AcJ 27 [Aa II/1, 166, 4]).—JEmerton, JTS 11, ’60, 329–32.
    ⓑ of the belly (=appetite) as the god of certain people Phil 3:19 (cp. Athen. 3, 97c γάστρων καὶ κοιλιοδαίμων. Also Eupolis Com. [V B.C.] Fgm. 172 K. [in Athen. 3, 100b]; on the use of θ. in ref. to impersonal entities [e.g. Eur., Cyclops 316 of wealth as a god] s. DDD 693f).
    ⑤ of the devil ὁ θ. τοῦ αἰῶνος τούτου 2 Cor 4:4 (s. αἰών 2a and WMüllensiefen, StKr 95, 1924, 295–99).—668–99. RAC XI 1202–78; XII 81–154; B. 1464. LfgrE s.v. θεός col. 1001 (lit.). Schmidt, Syn. IV 1–21. DELG. M-M. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > θεός

  • 65 παρά

    παρά (Hom.+. On elision s. B-D-F §17; Rob. 208) prep. w. three cases (Kühner-G. §440; Schwyzer II 491–98; B-D-F §236–38; Rob. 612–16. Further lit. s.v. ἀνά, beg.; also HRau, De praepositionis παρά usu: GCurtius, Studien etc. III 1870).
    A. W. gen., which nearly always as in Hom., Hdt., Pla., X. et al. denotes a pers., and indicates that someth. proceeds fr. this pers. (Hs 2:3 is an exception):
    ① marker of extension from the side of, from (the side of) w. local sense preserved, used w. verbs of coming, going, sending, originating, going out, etc. (TestAbr A 2 p. 78, 30 [Stone p. 4] παρὰ τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως ἀπεστάλην; Lucian, Demon. 13 ἀπιὼν παρʼ αὐτοῦ) ἐκπορεύεσθαι J 15:26b. ἐξέρχεσθαι 16:27; 17:8; Lk 2:1; 6:19. ἔρχεσθαι 8:49. παραγίνεσθαι Mk 14:43. πέμπειν τινὰ παρά τινος J 15:26a. πνεύματος ἁγίου … παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀποσταλέντος εἰς αὐτήν (=Μαρίαν) AcPlCor 2:5. εἶναι παρά τινος be from someone (cp. Job 21:2, 9) J 6:46; 7:29; 9:16, 33; 17:7.
    ② marker of one who originates or directs, from (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 100 §420 παρὰ τ. θεῶν; TestJob 38:8 παρὰ θεοῦ) παρὰ κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη this was the Lord’s doing Mt 21:42; Mk 12:11 (both Ps 117:23). W. a double negative: οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει παρὰ τ. θεοῦ πᾶν ῥῆμα (s. ἀδυνατέω) Lk 1:37. τὰ λελαλημένα αὐτῇ παρὰ κυρίου what was said to her (by the angel) at the Lord’s command vs. 45. ἀπεσταλμένος παρὰ θεοῦ John the Baptist was not, like Jesus, sent out fr. the very presence of God, but one whose coming was brought about by God J 1:6 (cp. 2 Macc 11:17). παρʼ ἑαυτῆς φέρει καρπὸν καὶ παρὰ τῆς πτελέας it (i.e. the vine) bears fruit which comes both from itself and from the elm Hs 2:3. On 2 Pt 2:11 s. κρίσις 1bβ.
    ③ marker of the point fr. which an action originates, from
    ⓐ after verbs
    α. of asking, demanding αἰτεῖν and αἰτεῖσθαι (cp. X., An. 1, 3, 16, Hell. 3, 1, 4; SIG 785, 9f; PFay 121, 12ff; Tob 4:19 BA al.; LXX; TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 2 [Stone p. 22]; TestJob 20:2; ParJer 7:14; Jos., Ant. 15, 92) Mt 20:20 v.l. (for ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ); J 4:9; Ac 3:2; 9:2; Js 1:5; 1J 5:15 v.l. (for ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ); 1 Cl 36:4 (Ps 2:8); Hm 9:2, 4; Dg 1. ζητεῖν (Tob 4:18; Sir 7:4; cp. 1 Macc 7:13) Mk 8:11; Lk 11:16; 12:48.
    β. of taking, accepting, receiving λαμβάνειν (class.; Appian, Mithrid. 88 §397; SIG 546 B, 23 [III B.C.]; Jdth 12:15; Sus 55 Theod.; 1 Macc 8:8; 11:34; 4 Macc 12:11; TestJob 11:5; JosAs 24:11; Just., A I, 39, 5 al.) Mk 12:2; Lk 6:34; J 5:34, 41, 44; 10:18; Ac 2:33; 3:5; 17:9; 20:24; 26:10 (Jos., Ant. 14, 167 λαβὼν ἐξουσίαν παρά σου [= τ. ἀρχιερέως]; 11, 169); Js 1:7; 2 Pt 1:17; 2J 4; Rv 2:28; Hs 1:8; 8, 3, 5; GJs 20, 2 codices. ἀπολαμβάνειν (SIG 150, 19f [restored text; IV B.C.]; 4 Macc 18:23) Hv 5:7. παραλαμβάνειν (Hdt. et al.; oft. ins; POxy 504, 14 al. in pap) Gal 1:12; 1 Th 2:13; 4:1; 2 Th 3:6. δέχεσθαι (Thu. 1, 20, 1 et al.; 1 Macc 15:20; TestJob 11:12; cp. διαδέχεσθαι Ath. 37, 1) Ac 22:5; Phil 4:18a. κομίζεσθαι (SIG 244 I, 5ff [IV B.C.]; Gen 38:20; 2 Macc 7:11; Ath. 12, 1) Eph 6:8. εὑρεῖν (SIG 537, 69; 1099, 28; cp. εὑρίσκω 3, end) 2 Ti 1:18. ἔχειν τι παρά τινος have received someth. fr. someone (1 Esdr 6:5) Ac 9:14; cp. Hv 3, 9, 8. γίνεταί μοί τι παρά τινος I receive someth. from someone (Att.) Mt 18:19. ἔσται μεθʼ ἡμῶν χάρις … παρὰ θεοῦ πατρὸς καὶ παρὰ Ἰησοῦ 2J 3 (cp. X., An. 7, 2, 25). οἱ πιστευθέντες παρὰ θεοῦ ἔργον those who were entrusted by God with a task 1 Cl 43:1 (cp. Polyb. 3, 69, 1; SIG 1207, 12f). παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου πλουτίζεσθαι receive one’s wealth fr. the Lord Hs 2:10.—Sim. in the case of a purchase the seller is introduced by παρά: buy fr. someone ἀγοράζειν (s. ἀγοράζω 1, end) Rv 3:18. ὠνεῖσθαι Ac 7:16. ἄρτον φαγεῖν παρά τινος receive support from someone 2 Th 3:8.
    γ. of learning, coming to know, hearing, asking ἀκούειν (s. ἀκούω 1bβ and 3) J 1:40; 6:45; 7:51; 8:26, 40; 15:15; Ac 10:22; 28:22; 2 Ti 1:13; 2:2; AcPlCor 1:6; ἀκριβοῦν Mt 2:7, 16. ἐξακριβάζεσθαι Hm 4, 2, 3. ἐπιγινώσκειν Ac 24:8. μανθάνειν (since Aeschyl., Ag. 858; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 176; Sir 8:8f; 2 Macc 7:2 v.l.; 3 Macc 1:1; Just., A I, 23, 1 and D. 78, 1 al.; Ath. 7, 2; 22, 8) 2 Ti 3:14. πυνθάνεσθαι (Hdt. 3, 68; X., Cyr. 1, 6, 23; Pla., Rep. 5, 476e; SIG 1169, 30; 2 Ch 32:31) Mt 2:4; J 4:52 (without παρά v.l.); B 13:2 (Gen 25:22).
    ⓑ w. adjectival function ὁ, ἡ, τὸ παρά τινος made, given, etc., by someone
    α. w. a noun (funct. as a gen.: Pla., Symp. 197e ὁ παρά τινος λόγος ‘the expression made by someone’; X., Hell. 3, 1, 6 δῶρον παρὰ βασιλέως, Mem. 2, 2, 12 ἡ παρά τινος εὔνοια, Cyr. 5, 5, 13 τὸ παρʼ ἐμοῦ ἀδίκημα ‘the crime committed by me’; Polyb. 3, 69, 3 ἡ παρʼ αὐτοῦ σωτηρία; Polyaenus 3, 9, 28 ἡ παρὰ στρατηγοῦ ἀρετή; SIG 543, 27; Ex 4:20; 14:13; Philo, Plant. 14; Jos., Ant. 12, 400; Just., A I, 32, 8 and D. 92, 1 al.; Ath. 7, 1) ἡ παρʼ ἐμοῦ διαθήκη Ro 11:27 (Is 59:21).—Ac 26:12 v.l.; 22 v.l.
    β. w. subst. function
    א. τὰ παρά τινος what someone gives, someone’s gifts (X., Mem. 3, 11, 13; Jos., Bell. 2, 124, Ant. 8, 175; Tat. 32, 1 τὰ παρὰ θεοῦ) Lk 10:7; Phil 4:18b. τὰ παρʼ αὐτῆς her property, what she had Mk 5:26 (cp. IPriene 111, 177). τὰ παρὰ ζώσης καὶ μενούσης (the help that I received) from a living, contemporary voice Papias (2:4).
    ב. οἱ παρά τινος someone’s envoys (οἱ παρὰ βασιλέω πρέσβει X., Hell. 1, 3, 9; oft. in ins.: see, e.g., OGI 5, 50 from Ptolemy; the full expression οἱ παρʼ ὑμῶν πρεσβείς OGI 8 VI, 108–9; Schwyzer II 498; B-D-F §237, 2) οἱ παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως (1 Macc 2:15; 1 Esdr 1:15) 1 Cl 12:4.—The Koine also uses this expr. to denote others who are intimately connected w. someone, e.g. family, relatives (PGrenf II, 36, 9 [II B.C.]; POxy 805 [I B.C.]; 298, 37 [I A.D.]; CPR I, 179, 16; 187, 7; Sb 5238, 19 [I A.D.]; Sus 33; 1 Macc 13:52; Jos., Ant. 1, 193. Further exx. fr. pap in Mlt. 106f; Rossberg [s. ἀνά, beg.] 52) Mk 3:21 (s. CBruston/PFarel: RTQR 18, 1909, 82–93; AWabnitz, ibid. 221–25; SMonteil, ibid. 19, 1910, 317–25; JMoulton, Mk 3:21: ET 20, 1909, 476; GHartmann, Mk 3:20f: BZ 11, 1913, 248–79; FZorell, Zu Mk 3:20, 21: ZKT 37, 1913, 695–7; JBelser, Zu Mk 3:20f: TQ 98, 1916, 401–18; Rdm.2 141; 227.—S. also at ἐξίστημι 2a).
    B. w. dat., the case that exhibits close association
    ① marker of nearness in space, at/by (the side of), beside, near, with, acc. to the standpoint fr. which the relationship is viewed
    ⓐ near, beside
    α. w. things (Synes., Ep. 126 p. 262a; Kaibel 703, 1; POxy 120, 23; 2 Km 10:8; 11:9; Jos., Ant. 1, 196) εἱστήκεισαν παρὰ τῷ σταυρῷ J 19:25. κεῖσθαι παρὰ τῷ πύργῳ Hv 3, 5, 5.
    β. w. persons ἔστησεν αὐτὸ παρʼ ἑαυτῷ he had him (i.e. the child) stand by his side Lk 9:47.
    ⓑ in (someone’s) house, city, company, etc. (Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 5 al. παρὰ Λάβαν)
    α. house: ἀριστᾶν Lk 11:37. καταλύειν 19:7 (Pla., Gorg. 447b; Demosth. 18, 82). μένειν (JosAs 20:8; Jos., Ant. 1, 298; 299) J 1:39; Ac 9:43; 18:3; 21:8. ξενίζεσθαι 10:6; 21:16 (ξενίζω 1). So prob. also ἕκαστος παρʼ ἑαυτῷ each one at home 1 Cor 16:2 (cp. Philo, Cher. 48 παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς, Leg. ad Gai. 271). ὸ̔ν ἀπέλιπον ἐν Τρῳάδι παρὰ Κάρπῳ 2 Ti 4:13.
    β. city: Rv 2:13. So prob. also ἦσαν παρʼ ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί Mt 22:25.—J 4:40; Col 4:16 (where the congregation at Laodicea is contrasted w. the one at Col.).
    γ. other uses: παρὰ Ἰουδαίοις among Judeans Mt 28:15. παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐπιμεῖναι remain with them Ac 28:14; cp. 21:7. οἱ παρʼ ὑμῖν πρεσβύτεροι the elders among you 1 Cl 1:3.—παρὰ τῷ πατρί with (of spatial proximity) the Father Mt 6:1; J 8:38a; cp. 17:5 (Synes., Kingship 29 p. 31d: philosophy has her abode παρὰ τῷ θεῷ and if the world refuses to receive her when she descends to earth, μένει παρὰ τῷ πατρί). Of Jesus: παρʼ ὑμῖν μένων while I was with you (on earth) J 14:25. Of the Spirit: παρʼ ὑμῖν μένει vs. 17. Of the Father and Son in their relation to the faithful Christian: μονὴν παρʼ αὐτῷ ποιησόμεθα we will take up our abode with him vs. 23.
    δ. fig. παρά τινι before someone’s judgment seat (Demosth. 18, 13 εἰς κρίσιν καθιστάναι παρά τινι; Appian, Maced. 11 §8 παρʼ ὑμῖν ἐς κρίσιν) 2 Pt 2:11 v.l. Closely related is
    ② marker of one whose viewpoint is relevant, in the sight or judgment of someone (Soph., Hdt.; PSI 435, 19 [258 B.C.] παρὰ τῷ βασιλεῖ) παρὰ τῷ θεῷ: δίκαιος παρὰ τῷ θεῷ righteous in the sight of God Ro 2:13 (cp. Job 9:2; Jos., Ant. 6, 205; Ath. 31, 2 εὐδοξοῦμεν … παρὰ τῷ θεῷ).—Cp. 1 Cor 3:19; Gal 3:11; 2 Th 1:6; Js 1:27; 1 Pt 2:4; 2 Pt 3:8. θυσία δεκτὴ παρὰ τῷ θεῷ Hs 5, 3, 8. ἔνδοξος παρὰ τῷ θεῷ m 2:6; Hs 5, 3, 3; 8, 10, 1; 9, 27, 3; 9, 28, 3; 9, 29, 3.—9, 7, 6.—Acc. to the judgment of humans (Jos., Ant. 7, 84; Just., A I, 20, 3) 8, 9, 1. τί ἄπιστον κρίνεται παρʼ ὑμῖν; Ac 26:8. ἵνα μὴ ἦτε παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς φρόνιμοι Ro 11:25; cp. 12:16 (s. Pr 3:7 μὴ ἴσθι φρόνιμος παρὰ σεαυτῷ).—‘In the judgment’ passes over into a simpler with (PsSol 9:5 παρὰ κυρίῳ; Jos. Himerius, Or. 8 [=23], 10 παρὰ θεοῖς=with the gods) εὑρεῖν χάριν παρά τινι find favor with someone (Ex 33:16; cp. Num 11:15) Lk 1:30; Hs 5, 2, 10. τοῦτο χάρις παρὰ θεῷ 1 Pt 2:20. χάριν ἔχειν (Ex 33:12) m 5, 1, 5. προέκοπτεν ἐν τῇ χάριτι παρὰ θεῷ καὶ ἀνθρώποις Lk 2:52. τί ταπεινοφροσύνη παρὰ θεῷ ἰσχύει, τί ἀγάπη ἁγνὴ παρά θεῷ δύναται how strong humility is before God, what pure love before God can do 1 Cl 21:8.
    ③ marker of personal reference, at the side of, with almost equivalent to the dat. as such (Ps 75:13): δυνατόν or ἀδύνατον παρά τινι possible or impossible for someone (Gen 18:14; Just., A I, 33, 2; Ath., R. 9 p. 58, 6) Mt 19:26ab; Mk 10:27abc; Lk 1:37 v.l.; 18:27ab; 1 Cl 27:2.—AFridrichsen, SymbOsl 14, ’35, 44–46. Closely related in mng. is
    ④ marker of connection of a quality or characteristic w. a pers., with (οὐκ) ἔστιν τι παρά τινι someth. is (not) with or in someone, someone has someth. (nothing) to do w. someth. (Demosth. 18, 277 εἰ ἔστι καὶ παρʼ ἐμοί τις ἐμπειρία; Gen 24:25; Job 12:13; Ps 129:4 παρὰ σοι ὁ ἱλασμός ἐστιν; Just., D. 82, 1 παρὰ … ἡμῖν … χαρίσματα) οὐκ ἔστιν προσωπολημψία παρὰ τ. θεῷ Ro 2:11 (TestJob 43, 13). Cp. 9:14; Eph 6:9; Js 1:17. Sim. Mt 8:10; 2 Cor 1:17.
    ⑤ marker of a relationship w. a narrow focus, among, before παρʼ ἑαυτοῖς among themselves (Philo, Cher. 48) διαλογίζεσθαι Mt 21:25 v.l. (cp. Demosth. 10, 17 γιγνώσκειν παρʼ αὑτῷ; Epict., Ench. 48, 2).—In ἐν τούτῳ μενέτω παρὰ θεῷ 1 Cor 7:24, the mng. of παρὰ θεῷ is not certain: let the pers. remain in that position (the same one in which he was when called to salvation) before God; it is prob. meant to remind Christians of the One before whom they cannot even have the appearance of inferiority (ins: Mitt-Wilck, I/2, 4, 4 [13 B.C.] παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Ἑρμῇ=‘before, in the sight of’; Sb 7616 [II A.D.] τὸ προσκύνημά σου ποιῶ παρὰ τῷ κυρίῳ Σαράπι=‘before the Lord’ S.; 7661, 3 [c. 100 A.D.]; 7932, 7992, 6 [letter II/III A.D.]). Or perh. it simply means that no matter what the situation may be, one is to be focused on God.
    C. w. acc. of pers. or thing
    ① marker of a position viewed as extended (w. no difference whether παρά answers the question ‘where?’ or ‘whither?’ See B-D-F §236, 1; Rob. 615).
    ⓐ by, along περιπατεῖν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν (Pla., Gorg. 511e. Cp. SIG 1182; Jos., Ant. 2, 81) Mt 4:18; cp. Mk 1:16.
    α. παρὰ (τὴν) θάλασσαν by the sea (or lake) , at the shore Mt 13:1; Mk 4:1; 5:21; Ac 10:6, 32; cp. Lk 5:1, 2. παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν by the side of the road (X., An. 1, 2, 13; Plut., Lysander 450 [29, 4] a tomb παρὰ τ. ὁδόν=beside the road) Mt 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (but on the road is also poss. in these three places; s. d below).
    β. παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν to (the side of) the sea (lake) Mt 15:29; Mk 2:13. παρὰ ποταμόν to the river Ac 16:13.
    ⓒ gener. near, at παρὰ τοὺς πόδας τινός at someone’s feet (sit, fall, place etc.; TestAbr A 17 p. 98, 16 [Stone p. 44]) Mt 15:30; Lk 7:38; 8:35, 41; 10:39 v.l.; 17:16; Ac 4:35, 37 v.l.; 5:2; 7:58; 22:3 (s. ET 30, 1919, 39f). παρὰ τὸν πὺργον beside the tower Hs 9, 4, 8; 9, 6, 5; 8; 9, 7, 1; 9, 11, 6.—παρὰ τὴν ἰτέαν 8, 1, 2 (cp. TestAbr A 6 p. 83, 10 [Stone p. 14] παρὰ τὴν δρῦν τὴν Μαμβρῆ).
    ⓓ on παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν on the road (w. motion implied; Aesop, Fab. 226 P.=420 H.: πεσὼν παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν; Phot., Bibl. 94 p. 74b on Iambl. Erot. [Hercher I p. 222, 22] πίπτουσι παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν) Mt 13:4, 19; Mk 4:4; Lk 8:5; on the road (w. no motion implied; Theophr., HP 6, 6, 10: the crocus likes to be trodden under foot, διὸ καὶ παρὰ τὰς ὁδοὺς κάλλιστος; Phot. p. 222, 29 H. [s. above]) Mk 4:15; Lk 8:12. Perh. also Mt 20:30; Mk 10:46; Lk 18:35 (s. bα above).—παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης on the seashore Hb 11:12 (TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 1 [Stone p. 4]; ApcEsdr 3:10; ApcSed 8:9).
    ② marker of extension in time, during, from … to (Lucian, Catapl. 24 παρὰ τ. βίον=during his life; POxy 472, 10; TestAbr A 20 p. 102, 26 [Stone p. 52] παρὰ μίαν ὥραν; Tat. 14, 2 παρʼ ὸ̔ν ἔζων χρόνον) παρʼ ἐνιαυτόν from year to year (Plut., Cleom. 15, 1; cp. ἐνιαυτός 1) B 10:7.
    ③ marker of comparative advantage, in comparison to, more than, beyond ἁμαρτωλοί, ὀφειλέται π. πάντας Lk 13:2, 4 (PSI 317, 6 [95 A.D.] παρὰ πάντας; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 234 παρὰ τ. ἄλλους ἅπαντας; JosAs 10:6 παρὰ πάσας τὰς παρθένους; Just., A I, 20, 3 παρὰ πάντας ἀδίκως μισούμεθα). κρίνειν ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν (s. κρίνω 1) Ro 14:5. π. πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν B 11:9 (prophetic quot. of unknown orig.). π. πάντα τὰ πνεύματα more than all other spirits Hm 10, 1, 2. ἐλαττοῦν τινα π. τινα make someone inferior to someone Hb 2:7, 9 (s. ἐλαττόω 1 and cp. PGrenf I, 42, 12 [II B.C.] ἐλαττουμένων ἡμῶν παρὰ τοὺς δεῖνα). εἶδος ἐκλεῖπον π. τὸ εἶδος τῶν ἀνθρώπων (s. ἐκλείπω 4) 1 Cl 16:3.—After a comp. (Thu. 1, 23, 3; ApcEsdr 1:22; Tat. 2, 2) Lk 3:13; Hb 1:4; 3:3; 9:23; 11:4; 12:24; B 4:5 (cp. Da 7:7); Hv 3, 12, 1; Hs 9, 18, 2.—When a comparison is made, one member of it may receive so little attention as to pass fr. consideration entirely, so that ‘more than’ becomes instead of, rather than, to the exclusion of (Plut., Mor. 984c; PsSol 9:9; EpArist 134; Just., A I, 22, 2) λατρεύειν τῇ κτίσει παρὰ τὸν κτίσαντα serve the creation rather than the Creator Ro 1:25 (cp. EpArist 139: the Jews worship τὸν μόνον θεὸν παρʼ ὅλην τὴν κτίσιν). δεδικαιωμένος παρʼ ἐκεῖνον justified rather than the other Lk 18:14. ἔχρισέν σε … παρὰ τοὺς μετόχους (God) has anointed you and not your comrades Hb 1:9 (Ps 44:8). ὑπερφρονεῖν παρʼ ὸ̔ δεῖ φρονεῖν Ro 12:3 (Plut., Mor. 83f παρʼ ὸ̔ δεῖ). παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας Hb 11:11 (Plut., Rom. 25, 6 παρʼ ἡλικίαν; cp. ἡλικία 2a).—παρὰ δύναμιν beyond their means (s. δύναμις 2) 2 Cor 8:3.—After ἄλλος (Pla., Lach. 178b, Leg. 3, 693b; X., Hell. 1, 5, 5; Demosth. 18, 235) another than 1 Cor 3:11.
    ④ marker of degree that falls slightly short in comparison, except for, almost παρὰ μικρόν except for a little, almost (s. μικρός 1eγ) Hs 8, 1, 14. Likew. παρά τι (cp. Vett. Val. 228, 6) Lk 5:7 D; Hs 9, 19, 3.
    ⑤ marker of causality, because of (cp. Pind., O. 2, 65 κενεὰν παρὰ δίαιταν ‘in the interest of’ or ‘for the sake of a scanty livelihood’, the scantiness here contrasting with the immense labor involved; Demosth. 4, 11; 9, 2; PRyl 243, 6; POxy 1420, 7) παρὰ τό w. acc. foll. because (SIG 495, 130; UPZ 7, 13 [163 B.C.] παρὰ τὸ Ἕλληνά με εἶναι.—Mayser II/1, 1926, 331; Gen 29:20; Ex 14:11) 1 Cl 39:5f (Job 4:20f). π. τοῦτο because of this (Kühner-G. I 513, 3; Synes., Ep. 44 p. 185a; 57 p. 192d) ITr 5:2; IRo 5:1 (quot. fr. 1 Cor 4:4, where Paul has ἐν τούτῳ). οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο οὐ (double neg. as a strengthened affirmative) not for that reason any the less 1 Cor 12:15f.
    ⑥ marker of that which does not correspond to what is expected, against, contrary to (Hom., Alc. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; Just., Tat., Ath.—Schwyzer II 497) π. τὴν διδαχήν Ro 16:17. παρʼ ἐλπίδα against hope (s. ἐλπίς 1a) in wordplay w. ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι 4:18. παρὰ φύσιν (Thu. 6, 17, 1; Pla., Rep. 5, 466d; Tat. 22, 2; Ath. 26, 2, R. 6 p. 54, 13) 1:26; 11:24. παρὰ τὸν νόμον (Just., A II, 2, 4; Ath. 1, 3; cp. X., Mem. 1, 1, 18 παρὰ τοὺς νόμους; PMagd 16, 5 [222 B.C.] παρὰ τοὺς νόμους; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 233; Just., A I, 68, 10) Ac 18:13. παρʼ ὅ contrary to that which Gal 1:8f (Just., A I, 43, 8).
    ⑦ marker of something that is less, less (Hdt. 9, 33; Plut., Caesar 722 [30, 5]; Jos., Ant. 4, 176; POxy 264, 4 [I A.D.]) τεσσεράκοντα παρὰ μίαν forty less one=thirty-nine (i.e. lashes) 2 Cor 11:24 (cp. Makkoth 3, 10 [tr. HDanby, The Mishnah ’33, 407]).—On παρʼ αὐτά ITr 11:1 s. παραυτά.—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > παρά

  • 66 περισσεύω

    περισσεύω impf. ἐπερίσσευον; fut. περισσεύσω; 1 aor. ἐπερίσσευσα (on the augment B-D-F §69, 4; Mlt-H. 192). Pass.: 1 fut. περισσευθήσομαι (s. prec. two entries; Hes., Thu. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, Philo, Joseph.).
    ① intr., to be in abundance, abound
    ⓐ of things
    α. be more than enough, be left over (SIG 672, 19 [II B.C.]; Theophil.: 733 Fgm. 1 Jac. [in Alex. Polyhist.: Eus., PE 9, 34, 19]; Jos., Ant. 3, 229, Vi. 333) τὰ περισσεύσαντα κλάσματα J 6:12. ὁ χρόνος ὁ περισσεύων εἰς τὴν παρουσίαν αὐτοῦ the time that remains before his coming Hs 5, 5, 3. οἱ περισσεύοντες the others, the remainder 9, 8, 7; w. gen. οἱ π. αὐτῶν vs. 4; strengthened οἱ λοιποὶ οἱ περισσεύσαντες 9, 9, 4. τὸ περισσεῦον what was left over τῶν κλασμάτων Mt 14:20; 15:37 (cp. Jos., Ant. 13, 55). περισσεύει μοί τι I leave someth. (cp. Tob 4:16) J 6:13. τὸ περισσεῦσαν αὐτοῖς κλασμάτων what they left in the way of fragments Lk 9:17.
    β. be present in abundance (X., Cyr. 6, 2, 30; PFlor 242, 2; PLond II, 418, 4 p. 303 [c. 346 A.D.] ἵνα περισσεύῃ ὁ φόβος τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν σοί) 2 Cor 1:5b; Phil 1:26 ἐὰν μὴ περισσεύσῃ ὑμῶν ἡ δικαιοσύνη πλεῖον τῶν γραμματέων unless your righteousness far surpasses that of the scribes Mt 5:20 (for the omission of ‘that’ in the Gk. text cp. Maximus Tyr. 15, 8d: their life is different in no respect σκωλήκων=fr. ‘that’ of the worms). περισσεύει τί τινι (cp. Thu. 2, 65, 13) someone has someth. in abundance (Tob 4:16) ISm 9:2. τὸ περισσεῦόν τινι (opp. ὑστέρησις) someone’s abundance Mk 12:44. (Opp. ὑστέρημα) Lk 21:4. ἐν τῷ περισσεύειν τινί in this, namely that one has an abundance 12:15. περισσεύει τι εἴς τινα someth. comes or is available to someone in great abundance: ἡ χάρις τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς τοὺς πολλοὺς ἐπερίσσευσεν Ro 5:15. περισσεύει τὰ παθήματα τοῦ Χριστοῦ εἰς ἡμᾶς we share abundantly in Christ’s sufferings 2 Cor 1:5a.
    γ. be extremely rich or abundant, overflow 2 Cor 9:12. εἰ ἡ ἀλήθεια τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ ψεύσματι ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς τὴν δόξαν αὐτου if by my falsehood the truthfulness of God has shown itself to be supremely great, to his glory Ro 3:7. The thing in which the wealth consists is added in the dat. (Philistion [IV B.C.], Fgm. 9 ln. 13 Wellmann πάσαις τ. ἀρεταῖς περιττεύει [in Athen. 3, 83, 115e]) π. δόξῃ be extremely rich in glory 2 Cor 3:9 (v.l. ἐν δόξῃ). In oxymoron ἡ πτωχεία αὐτῶν ἐπερίσσευσεν εἰς τὸ πλοῦτος τῆς ἁπλότητος αὐτῶν their poverty has overflowed into the wealth of their ingenuousness 8:2 (s. ἁπλότη 1; NRSV et al. liberality).
    δ. grow αἱ ἐκκλησίαι ἐπερίσσευον τῷ ἀριθμῷ καθʼ ἡμέραν Ac 16:5. ἵνα ἡ ἀγάπη ὑμῶν ἔτι μᾶλλον καὶ μᾶλλον περισσεύῃ ἐν ἐπιγνώσει Phil 1:9.
    ⓑ of persons
    α. have an abundance, abound, be rich τινός of or in someth. (B-D-F §172; Rob. 510) ἄρτων Lk 15:17 v.l. (the text has the mid. περισσεύονται [unless it should be pass., s. 2b below], but that is prob. not orig.; s. Jülicher, Gleichn. 346). παντὸς χαρίσματος IPol 2:2. Also ἔν τινι Dg 5:13 (opp. ὑστερεῖσθαι). ἐν τῇ ἐλπίδι Ro 15:13. Abs. (opp. ὑστερεῖσθαι) περισσεύομεν we have more (divine approval) 1 Cor 8:8. ζητεῖτε ἵνα περισσεύητε strive to excel 14:12. Cp. Phil 4:12a (opp. ταπεινοῦσθαι), vs. 12b (opp. ὑστερεῖσθαι). ἀπέχω πάντα καὶ περισσεύω I have received full payment, and have more than enough vs. 18. π. εἰς πᾶν ἔργον have ample means for every enterprise 2 Cor 9:8b.
    β. be outstanding, be prominent, excel (1 Macc 3:30) ἔν τινι in someth. ἐν τῷ ἔργῳ τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 15:58. Cp. 2 Cor 8:7ab; Col 2:7. Abs. w. μᾶλλον added progress more and more 1 Th 4:1, 10.
    ② trans. (Athen. 2, 42b) to cause someth. to exist in abundance, cause to abound
    ⓐ of things that one greatly increases, τὴν εὐχαριστίαν 2 Cor 4:15. τὶ εἴς τινα grant someth. to someone richly 9:8a; Eph 1:8 (ἧς by attraction of the relat. for ἥν). Pass. w. dat. of pers. ὅστις γὰρ ἔχει, δοθήσεται αὐτῷ καὶ περισσευθήσεται to the one who has (more) will be given, and that person will have a great abundance Mt 13:12. Cp. 25:29.
    ⓑ of persons who receive someth. in great abundance ὑμᾶς ὁ κύριος περισσεύσαι τῇ ἀγάπῃ may the Lord cause you to abound in love 1 Th 3:12. πόσοι μίσθιοι περισσεύονται ἄρτων Lk 15:17 how many day laborers get more than enough bread (s. 1bα above).—DELG s.v. περί. M-M. EDNT. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > περισσεύω

  • 67 ἀπό

    ἀπό (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. (see the lit. on ἀνά, beg., also for ἀπό: KDieterich, IndogF 24, 1909, 93–158; LfgrE s.v.). Basic sense ‘separation from’ someone or someth., fr. which the other uses have developed. In the NT it has encroached on the domain of Att. ἐκ, ὑπό, παρά, and the gen. of separation; s. Mlt. 102; 246; Mlt-Turner 258f.
    ① a marker to indicate separation from a place, whether person or thing, from, away from
    ⓐ w. all verbs denoting motion, esp. those compounded w. ἀπό: ἀπάγεσθαι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ἀπελαύνειν, ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἀπολύεσθαι, ἀποπλανᾶσθαι, ἀποστέλλειν, ἀποφεύγειν, ἀποχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρίζεσθαι; but also w. ἀνίστασθαι, διαστῆναι, διέρχεσθαι, ἐκδημεῖν, ἐκκινεῖν, ἐκπλεῖν, ἐκπορεύεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἐξωθεῖν, ἐπιδιδόναι, μεταβαίνειν, μετατίθεσθαι, νοσφίζειν, παραγίνεσθαι, πλανᾶσθαι, πορεύεσθαι, ὑπάγειν, ὑποστρέφειν, φεύγειν; s. the entries in question.
    ⓑ w. all verbs expressing the idea of separation ἐκβάλλειν τὸ κάρφος ἀ. τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ remove the splinter fr. the eye Mt 7:4 v.l. (for ἐκ). ἐξέβαλον ἀπὸ τῆς πήρας αὐτῶν δῶρα they set forth gifts out of their travel bags GJs 21:3. ἀπολύεσθαι ἀ. ἀνδρός be divorced fr. her husband Lk 16:18, cp. Ac 15:33. ἀποκυλίειν, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, ἀποστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι, ἐπανάγειν, αἴρειν, ἀφαιρεῖν, ἀπολέσθαι, μερίζειν et al., s. the pertinent entries. So also κενὸς ἀ. τινος Hs 9, 19, 2. ἔρημος ἀ. τινος (Jer 51:2) 2 Cl 2:3. W. verbs which express the concept of separation in the wider sense, like loose, free, acquit et al. ἀπορφανίζειν, ἀποσπᾶν, διεγείρεσθαι, δικαιοῦν, ἐκδικοῦν, ἐλευθεροῦν, λούειν, λύειν, λυτροῦν, ῥαντίζειν, σαλεύειν, στέλλειν, σῴζειν, φθείρειν, s. the entries; hence also ἀθῷος (Sus 46 Theod. v.l.) Mt 27:24. καθαρὸς ἀ. τινος (Tob 3:14; but s. Dssm. NB 24 [BS 196; 216]) Ac 20:26; cp. Kuhring 54.
    ⓒ verbs meaning be on guard, be ashamed, etc., take ἀπό to express the occasion or object of their caution, shame, or fear; so αἰσχύνεσθαι, βλέπειν, μετανοεῖν, προσέχειν, φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάσσειν, φυλάσσεσθαι; s. 5 below.
    ⓓ w. verbs of concealing, hiding, hindering, the pers. from whom someth. is concealed is found w. ἀπό; so κρύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, παρακαλύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, κωλύειν τι ἀπό τινος; s. the entries.
    ⓔ in pregnant constr. like ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ be separated fr. Christ by a curse Ro 9:3. μετανοεῖν ἀ. τ. κακίας (Jer 8:6) Ac 8:22. ἀποθνῄσκειν ἀ. τινος through death become free from Col 2:20. φθείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. ἁπλότητος be ruinously diverted from wholehearted commitment 2 Cor 11:3. Cp. Hs 6, 2, 4.
    ⓕ as a substitute for the partitive gen. (Hdt. 6, 27, 2; Thu. 7, 87, 6; PPetr III, 11, 20; PIand 8, 6; Kuhring 20; Rossberg 22; Johannessohn, Präp. 17) τίνα ἀ. τῶν δύο; Mt 27:21, cp. Lk 9:38; 19:39 (like PTebt 299, 13; 1 Macc 1:13; 3:24; Sir 6:6; 46:8). τὰ ἀ. τοῦ πλοίου pieces of the ship Ac 27:44. ἐκχεῶ ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματός μου Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f). λαμβάνειν ἀ. τ. καρπῶν get a share of the vintage Mk 12:2 (cp. Just., A I, 65, 5 μεταλαβεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ … ἄρτου).—Of foods (as in Da 1:13, 4:33a; 2 Macc 7:1) ἐσθίειν ἀ. τ. ψιχίων eat some of the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28. χορτάζεσθαι ἀ. τινος eat one’s fill of someth. Lk 16:21. αἴρειν ἀ. τῶν ἰχθύων pick up the remnants of the fish Mk 6:43. ἐνέγκατε ἀ. τ. ὀψαρίων bring some of the fish J 21:10 (the only instance of this usage in J; s. M-EBoismard, Le chapitre 21 de Saint Jean: RB 54 [’47] 492).—Of drink (cp. Sir 26:12) πίνειν ἀπὸ τ. γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου drink the product of the vine Lk 22:18.
    ② to indicate the point from which someth. begins, whether lit. or fig.
    ⓐ of place from, out from (Just., D. 86, 1 ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας ὕδωρ ἀναβλύσαν ‘gushing out of the rock’) σημεῖον ἀ. τ. οὐρανοῦ a sign fr. heaven Mk 8:11. ἀ. πόλεως εἰς πόλιν from one city to another Mt 23:34. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν (Dt 30:4; Ps 18:7) from one end of heaven to the other 24:31, cp. Mk 13:27. ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕως κάτω from top to bottom Mt 27:51. ἀρξάμενοι ἀ. Ἰερουσαλήμ beginning in Jerusalem Lk 24:47 (s. also Lk 23:5; Ac 1:22; 10:37). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξήχηται ὁ λόγος τ. κυρίου the word of the Lord has gone out from you and sounded forth 1 Th 1:8. ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, ἀπὸ νότου in the north, in the south (PCairGoodsp 6, 5 [129 B.C.] ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ νότου πεδίῳ; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11A col. 1, 12f [123 B.C.] τὸ ἀπὸ νότου τῆς πόλεως χῶμα; ln. 7 ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τῆς πόλεως; 70, 16 al.; Josh 18:5; 19:34; 1 Km 14:5) Rv 21:13.
    ⓑ of time from … (on), since (POxy 523, 4; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; s. Kuhring 54ff).
    α. ἀ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου from the days of John Mt 11:12. ἀ. τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης 9:22. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382) Mt 22:46; J 11:53. ἔτη ἑπτὰ ἀ. τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς for seven years fr. the time she was a virgin Lk 2:36. ἀ. ἐτῶν δώδεκα for 12 years 8:43. ἀ. τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός Ac 23:23. ἀ. κτίσεως κόσμου Ro 1:20. ἀ. πέρυσι since last year, a year ago 2 Cor 8:10; 9:2.—ἀπʼ αἰῶνος, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπʼ ἄρτι (also ἀπαρτί and ἄρτι), ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τότε, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν; s. the pertinent entries.
    β. w. the limits defined, forward and backward: ἀπὸ … ἕως (Jos., Ant. 6, 364) Mt 27:45. ἀπὸ … ἄχρι Phil 1:5. ἀπὸ … μέχρι Ac 10:30; Ro 5:14; 15:19.
    γ. ἀφʼ ἧς (sc. ὥρας or ἡμέρας, which is found Col 1:6, 9; but ἀφʼ ἧς became a fixed formula: ParJer 7:28; Plut., Pelop. [285] 15, 5; s. B-D-F §241, 2) since Lk 7:45 (Renehan ’75, 36f); Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 6, 6; 1 Macc 1:11). ἀφʼ οὗ (sc.—as in X., Cyr. 1, 2, 13—χρόνου; Att. ins in Meisterhans.3-Schw. and s. Witkowski, index 163; ἀφʼ οὗ is also a formula) since, when once (X., Symp. 4, 62; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 Jac.; Lucian, Dial. Mar. 15, 1; Ex 5:23 GrBar 3:6) Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18 (cp. Da 12:1; 1 Macc 9:29; 16:24; 2 Macc 1:7; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 23; GrBar; Jos., Ant. 4, 78). τρία ἔτη ἀφʼ οὗ (cp. Tob 5:35 S) Lk 13:7. ἀφότε s. ὅτε 1aγ end.
    ⓒ the beg. of a series from … (on).
    α. ἀρξάμενος ἀ. Μωϋσέως καὶ ἀ. πάντων τ. προφητῶν beginning w. Moses and all the prophets Lk 24:27. ἕβδομος ἀ. Ἀδάμ Jd 14 (Diod S 1, 50, 3 ὄγδοος ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρός [ancestor]; Appian, Mithrid. 9 §29 τὸν ἕκτον ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Μιθριδάτην; Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 4; Diog. L. 3, 1: Plato in the line of descent was ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος; Biogr. p. 31: Homer δέκατος ἀπὸ Μουσαίου). ἀ. διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω Mt 2:16 (cp. Num 1:20; 2 Esdr 3:8).
    β. w. both beg. and end given ἀπὸ … ἕως (Sir 18:26; 1 Macc 9:13) Mt 1:17; 23:35; Ac 8:10. Sim., ἀ. δόξης εἰς δόξαν fr. glory to glory 2 Cor 3:18.
    ③ to indicate origin or source, from
    ⓐ lit., with verbs of motion
    α. down from πίπτειν ἀ. τραπέζης Mt 15:27. καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀ. θρόνων God has dethroned rulers Lk 1:52.
    β. from ἔρχεσθαι ἀ. θεοῦ J 3:2; cp. 13:3; 16:30. παραγίνεται ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mt 3:13; ἀ. ἀνατολῶν ἥξουσιν 8:11 (Is 49:12; 59:19); ἀ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπορεύετο 24:1; ἀ. Παμφυλίας Ac 15:38. ἐγείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. νεκρῶν be raised from the dead Mt 14:2.
    ⓑ lit., to indicate someone’s local origin from (Hom. et al.; Soph., El. 701; Hdt. 8, 114; ins [RevArch 4 sér. IV 1904 p. 9 ἀπὸ Θεσσαλονίκης]; pap [HBraunert, Binnenwanderung ’64, 384, s.v.; PFlor 14, 2; 15, 5; 17, 4; 22, 13 al.]; Judg 12:8; 13:2; 17:1 [all three acc. to B]; 2 Km 23:20 al.; Jos., Bell. 3, 422, Vi. 217; Just., A I, 1 τῶν ἀπὸ Φλαουί̈ας Νέας πόλεως; s. B-D-F §209, 3; Rob. 578) ἦν ἀ. Βηθσαϊδά he was from B. J 1:44; cp. 12:21. ὄχλοι ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας crowds fr. Galilee Mt 4:25. ἄνδρες ἀ. παντὸς ἔθνους Ac 2:5. ἀνὴρ ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου a man fr. the crowd Lk 9:38. ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἀ. Ναζαρέθ Mt 21:11. οἱ ἀ. Κιλικίας the Cilicians Ac 6:9. οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ἀ. Ἰόππης 10:23 (Musaeus 153 παρθένος ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας; Just., A I, 58, 1 Μακρίωνα … τὸν ἀπὸ Πόντου). οἱ ἀ. Θεσσαλονίκης Ἰουδαῖοι 17:13. οἱ ἀ. τῆς Ἰταλίας the Italians Hb 13:24, who could be inside as well as outside Italy (cp. Dssm., Her. 33, 1898, 344, LO 167, 1 [LAE 200, 3]; Mlt. 237; B-D-F §437).—Rather denoting close association οἱ ἀ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας members of the church Ac 12:1; likew. 15:5 (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 4, 2 οἱ ἀπὸ τ. στοᾶς φιλόσοφοι; Ps.-Demetr. c. 68 οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ=his [Isocrates’] pupils; Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b; 66 p. 206c; PTebt 33, 3 [112 B.C.], Ῥωμαῖος τῶν ἀπὸ συγκλήτου; Ar. 15, 1 Χριστιανοὶ γενεαλογοῦνται ἀπὸ … Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ath.).—To indicate origin in the sense of material fr. which someth. is made (Hdt. 7, 65; Theocr. 15, 117; IPriene 117, 72 ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ; 1 Esdr 8:56; Sir 43:20 v.l.) ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου clothing made of camel’s hair Mt 3:4.
    ⓒ fig., w. verbs of asking, desiring, to denote the pers. of or from whom a thing is asked (Ar. 11, 3): δανίσασθαι ἀπό τινος borrow fr. someone Mt 5:42. ἐκζητεῖν ἀ. τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης Lk 11:51. ἀπαιτεῖν τι ἀπό τινος Lk 12:20. ζητεῖν τι ἀπό τινος 1 Th 2:6. λαμβάνειν τι ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25f; 3J 7.
    ⓓ fig., w. verbs of perceiving, to indicate source of the perception (Lysias, Andoc. 6; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 399b ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων θεωρεῖται ὁ θεός; Appian, Liby. 104 §493 ἀπὸ τῆς σφραγῖδος=[recognize a corpse] by the seal-ring; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 1 στοχάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὀνομάτων; Just., D. 60, 1 τοῦτο νοοῦμεν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων τῶν προλελεγμένων; 100, 2 ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν): ἀ. τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς by their fruits you will know them Mt 7:16, 20. μανθάνειν παραβολὴν ἀ. τῆς συκῆς learn a lesson from the fig tree 24:32; Mk 13:28. ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων μὴ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παραβολήν if we are not to derive our parable solely from reference to seeds (cp. 1 Cor 15:37) AcPlCor 2:28.—Also μανθάνειν τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someone Gal 3:2; Col 1:7.
    ⓔ γράψαι ἀφʼ ὧν ἠδυνήθην, lit., write from what I was able, i.e. as well as I could B 21:9 (cp. Tat. 12, 5 οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώττης οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰκότων οὐδὲ ἀπʼ ἐννοιῶν etc.).
    ④ to indicate distance fr. a point, away from, for μακρὰν ἀ. τινος far fr. someone, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν fr. a great distance s. μακράν, μακρόθεν. ἀπέχειν ἀπό τινος s. ἀπέχω 4. W. detailed measurements (corresp. to Lat. ‘a’, s. B-D-F §161, 1; Rob. 575; WSchulze, Graeca Latina 1901, 15ff; Hdb. on J 11:18; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 12 §42; CB I/2, 390 no. 248) ἦν Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκατέντε Bethany was near Jerusalem, about 15 stades (less than 3 km.) away J 11:18. ὡς ἀπὸ πηχῶν διακοσίων about 200 cubits (c. 90 meters) 21:8. ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων about 1600 stades (c. 320 km.) Rv 14:20; cp. Hv 4, 1, 5 (for other examples of this usage, s. Rydbeck 68).—Hebraistically ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός (Gen 16:6; Jer 4:26; Jdth 2:14; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34; En 103:4; Just., A I, 37, 1 ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἐλέχθησαν διὰ Ἠσαίου … οἵδε οἱ λόγοι ‘in the name of the father … through Isaiah’; 38, 1 al.)=מִפְּנֵי פ׳ ( away) from the presence of someone 2 Th 1:9 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); Rv 12:14 (B-D-F §140; 217, 1; Mlt-H. 466).
    ⑤ to indicate cause, means, or outcome
    ⓐ gener., to show the reason for someth. because of, as a result of, for (numerous ref. in FBleek on Hb 5:7; PFay 111, 4; POxy 3314, 7 [from falling off a horse]; Jdth 2:20; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; AscIs 3:13; Jos., Ant. 9, 56) οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου he could not because of the crowd Lk 19:3; cp. Mk 2:4 D. οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11. ἀ. τοῦ πλήθους τ. ἰχθύων J 21:6 (M-EBoismard, ad loc.: s. 1f end). ἀ. τοῦ ὕδατος for the water Hs 8, 2, 8. ἀ. τῆς θλίψεως because of the persecution Ac 11:19. οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀ. τ. σκανδάλων Mt 18:7 (s. B-D-F §176, 1; Mlt. 246). εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀ. τῆς εὐλαβείας heard because of his piety Hb 5:7 (but the text may be corrupt; at any rate it is obscure and variously interpr.; besides the comm. s. KRomaniuk, Die Gottesfürchtigen im NT: Aegyptus 44, ’64, 84; B-D-F §211; Rob. 580; s. on εὐλάβεια).
    ⓑ to indicate means with the help of, with (Hdt. et al.; Ael. Aristid. 37, 23 K.=2 p. 25 D.; PGM 4, 2128f σφράγιζε ἀπὸ ῥύπου=seal with dirt; En 97:8) γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν ἀ. τ. κερατίων fill one’s stomach w. the husks Lk 15:16 v.l. (s. ἐκ 4aζ; cp. Pr 18:20). οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπʼ αὐτῆς Rv 18:15 (cp. Sir 11:18).
    ⓒ to indicate motive or reason for, from, with (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 13 §52 ἀπʼ εὐνοίας=with goodwill; 1 Macc 6:10; pap exx. in Kuhring 35) κοιμᾶσθαι ἀ. τῆς λύπης sleep from sorrow Lk 22:45. ἀ. τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ Mt 13:44; cp. Lk 24:41; Ac 12:14. ἀ. τοῦ φόβου κράζειν Mt 14:26, ἀ. φόβου καὶ προσδοκίας with fear and expectation Lk 21:26. Hence verbs of fearing, etc., take ἀ. to show the cause of the fear (s. above 1c) μὴ φοβεῖσθαι ἀ. τ. ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα not be afraid of those who kill only the body Mt 10:28; Lk 12:4 (cp. Jdth 5:23; 1 Macc 2:62; 3:22; 8:12; En 106:4).
    ⓓ to indicate the originator of the action denoted by the verb from (Trag., Hdt. et al.) ἀ. σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν Mt 12:38. γινώσκειν ἀπό τινος learn fr. someone Mk 15:45. ἀκούειν ἀ. τοῦ στόματός τινος hear fr. someone’s mouth, i.e. fr. him personally Lk 22:71 (Dionys. Hal. 3, 8 ἀ. στόματος ἤκουσεν); cp. Ac 9:13; 1J 1:5. τὴν ἀ. σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν a promise given by you Ac 23:21 (cp. Ath. 2, 3 ταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν κατηγόρων αἰτίαις ‘the charges made by the accusers’). ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν Hb 11:12. Prob. παραλαμβάνειν ἀ. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 11:23 is to be understood in the same way: Paul is convinced that he is taught by the Lord himself (for direct teaching s. EBröse, Die Präp. ἀπό 1 Cor 11:23: StKr 71, 1898, 351–60; Dssm.; BWeiss; Ltzm.; H-DWendland. But for indirect communication: Zahn et al.). παραλαβὼν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Φιλίππου, ὅτι Papias (11:2); opp. παρειληφέναι ὑπὸ τῶν θ. Φ. (2:9).—Of the more remote cause ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων from human beings (as opposed to transcendent revelation; w. διʼ ἀνθρώπου; cp. Artem. 1, 73 p. 66, 11 ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἢ διὰ γυναικῶν; 2, 36 p. 135, 26) Gal 1:1. ἀ. κυρίου πνεύματος fr. the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Cor 3:18. ἔχειν τι ἀπό τινος have (received) someth. fr. someone 1 Cor 6:19; 1 Ti 3:7; 1J 2:20; 4:21.—In salutation formulas εἰρήνη ἀ. θεοῦ πατρός ἡμῶν peace that comes from God, our father Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; cp. 6:23; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1 v.l.; 2 Th 1:2; 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3. σοφία ἀ. θεοῦ wisdom that comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:30. ἔπαινος ἀ. θεοῦ praise fr. God 4:5. καὶ τοῦτο ἀ. θεοῦ and that brought about by God Phil 1:28. The expr. εἰρήνη ἀπὸ ‘ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος’ Rv 1:4 is quite extraordinary. It may be an interpretation of the name Yahweh already current, or an attempt to show reverence for the divine name by preserving it unchanged, or simply one more of the grammatical peculiarities so frequent in Rv (Meyer6-Bousset 1906, 159ff; Mlt. 9, note 1; cp. PParis 51, 33 ἀπὸ ἀπηλιότης; Mussies 93f, 328).
    ⓔ to indicate responsible agents for someth., from, of
    α. the self, st. Gk. usage (Thu. 5, 60, 1; X., Mem. 2, 10, 3; Andoc., Orat. 2, 4 οὗτοι οὐκ ἀφʼ αὑτῶν ταῦτα πράττουσιν; Diod S 17, 56; Num 16:28; 4 Macc 11:3; En 98:4; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 26 [Stone p. 38]; 18 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8) the expr. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (pl. ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν) of himself and ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ of myself are common Lk 12:57; 21:30; 2 Cor 3:5, esp. so in J: 5:19, 30; 8:28; 10:18; 15:4.—7:17f; 11:51; 14:10; 16:13; 18:34. So also ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλήλυθα I did not come of myself (opp. the Father sent me) 7:28; 8:42.
    β. fr. others. W. verbs in the pass. voice or pass. mng. ὑπό is somet. replaced by ἀπό (in isolated cases in older Gk. e.g. Thu. 1, 17 et al. [Kühner-G. II/1 p. 457f]; freq. in later Gk.: Polyb. 1, 79, 14; Hero I 152, 6; 388, 11; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 130 Jac.; IG XII/5, 29, 1; SIG 820, 9; PLond III, 1173, 12 p. 208; BGU 1185, 26; PFlor 150, 6 ἀ. τῶν μυῶν κατεσθιόμενα; PGM 4, 256; Kuhring 36f; 1 Macc 15:17; Sir 16:4; ParJer 1:1 ᾐχμαλωτεύθησαν … ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 62; Just., A I, 68, 6 ἐπιστολὴν … γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερήνου, D. 121, 3 ἀπὸ παντὸς [γένους] μετάνοιαν πεποιῆσθαι. See B-D-F §210; Rob. 820; GHatzidakis, Einl. in d. neugriech. Gramm. 1892, 211; AJannaris, An Histor. Gk. Grammar 1897, §1507). Yet just at this point the textual tradition varies considerably, and the choice of prep. is prob. at times influenced by the wish to express special nuances of mng. Lk 8:29b v.l. (ὑπό text); 43b (ὑπό v.l.); 10:22 D; ἀποδεδειγμένος ἀ. τ. θεοῦ attested by God Ac 2:22. ἐπικληθεὶς Βαρναβᾶς ἀ. (ὑπό v.l.) τ. ἀποστόλων named B. by the apostles 4:36. κατενεχθεὶς ἀ. τοῦ ὕπνου overcome by sleep 20:9. ἀθετούμενος ἀπὸ τῶν παραχαρασσόντων τὰ λόγια αὐτοῦ inasmuch as (Jesus) is being rejected by those who falsify his words AcPlCor 2:3. νεκροῦ βληθέντος ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπʼ αὐτά when a corpse was cast upon them (the bones of Elisha) 2:32. In such cases ἀπό freq. denotes the one who indirectly originates an action, and can be transl. at the hands of, by command of: πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀ. τ. πρεσβυτέρων suffer much at the hands of the elders Mt 16:21; cp. Lk 9:22; 17:25, where the emphasis is to be placed on παθεῖν, not on ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι. In ἀ. θεοῦ πειράζομαι the thought is that the temptation is caused by God, though not actually carried out by God Js 1:13. ἡτοιμασμένος ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ prepared by God’s command, not by God in person Rv 12:6.
    ⑥ In a few expr. ἀπό helps to take the place of an adverb. ἀπὸ μέρους, s. μέρος 1c.—ἡμέρᾳ ἀφʼ ἡμέρας day by day GJs 12:3.—ἀπὸ μιᾶς (acc. to Wlh., Einl.2 26, an Aramaism, min ḥădā˒=at once [s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 113]; but this does not explain the fem. gender, found also in the formulaic ἐπὶ μιᾶς Maxim. Tyr. 6, 3f En 99:9 [s. SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 3] and in Mod. Gk. μὲ μιᾶς at once [Thumb §162 note 2]. PSI 286, 22 uses ἀπὸ μιᾶς of a payment made ‘at once’; on the phrase s. New Docs 2, 189. Orig. γνώμης might have been a part of the expr. [Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 73], or ὁρμῆς [Thu. 7, 71, 6], or γλώσσης [Cass. Dio 44, 36, 2], or φωνῆς [Herodian 1, 4, 8]; cp. ἀπὸ μιᾶς φωνῆς Plut., Mor. 502d of an echo; s. B-D-F §241, 6) unanimously, alike, in concert Lk 14:18. Sim. ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν fr. (your) hearts, sincerely Mt 18:35.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 6 has as a formula διὰ μιᾶς, probably = continuously, uninterruptedly, Or. 44 [=Or. 8], 2 fuller διὰ μιᾶς τῆς σπουδῆς=with one and the same, or with quite similar zeal.—M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀπό

  • 68 פגם

    פָּגַם(cmp. פָּגַל) to cut, mutilate; to damage, lessen; trnsf. (cmp. פָּסַל) to disqualify, unfit. Num. R. s. 21 כל הפּוֹגֵם את עצמו פיגםוכ׳ he who tarnishes his reputation discredits his family at the same time; Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 2; Yalk. Num. 772. Y.Snh.II, 20b פְּגָמָהּ הכתוב the Bible text curtailed her name ( אביגל for אביגיל, 1 Sam. 25:32). Arakh.16b, v. אַכְסְנַאי. Gen. R. s. 6 חוזר ופוגם אותה (not אותם) the text reduces her (the moon) again (calling her ‘the small light). Pes.105b טעמו פְּגָמוֹ as soon as he tasted it (the wine in the cup), he rendered it unfit (for a cup of benediction); a. fr.Part. pass. פָּגוּם; f. פְּגוּמָה Sifré Deut. 320 בזוי ופ׳ contemptible and detested (Yeb.63b משוקץ ומתועב). Keth.40b בעל פ׳ if he had connection with an impaired woman (opp. שלימה). Y.Sabb.VI, 8a bot. כדי שלא … פ׳ (not פגימה) that it should not appear as if the right shoe were defective; a. e.Esp. (law) to impair the legal value of a document by admitting a receipt on account (cmp. שוֹבֵר). Keth.IX, 7 הפּוֹגֶמֶת כתובתה a woman that impairs her marriage contract. expl. ib. 8. Ib. 87b פוגמת כתובתה בעדים if she states that she has received partial payment in the presence of witnesses. Ib. פוחתת … היינו פוגמת if a woman lessens the amount in her marriage contract (declaring that it has been made out for a larger amount than had been agreed upon) …, is it the same as admitting partial payment or not? Y. ib. IX, 33b יורש שפ׳ אביו שטר חובו an heir whose father had admitted partial payment on a note of indebtedness in his possession; Tosef.Shebu.VI, 5. Gitt.18a עד שתִּפְגּוֹםוכ׳, v. זָקַף; Y.Shebi.IX, beg.39b; a. fr. Nif. נִפְגָּם, Nithpa. נִתְפַּגֵּם to be mutilated, diminished, impaired; to become defective, cracked, get out of order; to be discredited. Arakh.16b, v. אַכְסְנַאי. Bekh.VI, 1 נִפְגְּמָה אזנו if the ear of the first-born animal has become defective (lopped, bored through). Ib. 4 שנִפְגְּמוּ, v. גָּמַם. Arakh.10b והיה קולו ערב ונפ׳ and the sound of the flute was sweet, but it became impaired. Ib. אלו שני כלים … ונִתְפַּגְּמוּוכ׳ those were the two implements that had remained from the first Temple, but they became defective and could not he mended; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > פגם

  • 69 פָּגַם

    פָּגַם(cmp. פָּגַל) to cut, mutilate; to damage, lessen; trnsf. (cmp. פָּסַל) to disqualify, unfit. Num. R. s. 21 כל הפּוֹגֵם את עצמו פיגםוכ׳ he who tarnishes his reputation discredits his family at the same time; Tanḥ. Pinḥ. 2; Yalk. Num. 772. Y.Snh.II, 20b פְּגָמָהּ הכתוב the Bible text curtailed her name ( אביגל for אביגיל, 1 Sam. 25:32). Arakh.16b, v. אַכְסְנַאי. Gen. R. s. 6 חוזר ופוגם אותה (not אותם) the text reduces her (the moon) again (calling her ‘the small light). Pes.105b טעמו פְּגָמוֹ as soon as he tasted it (the wine in the cup), he rendered it unfit (for a cup of benediction); a. fr.Part. pass. פָּגוּם; f. פְּגוּמָה Sifré Deut. 320 בזוי ופ׳ contemptible and detested (Yeb.63b משוקץ ומתועב). Keth.40b בעל פ׳ if he had connection with an impaired woman (opp. שלימה). Y.Sabb.VI, 8a bot. כדי שלא … פ׳ (not פגימה) that it should not appear as if the right shoe were defective; a. e.Esp. (law) to impair the legal value of a document by admitting a receipt on account (cmp. שוֹבֵר). Keth.IX, 7 הפּוֹגֶמֶת כתובתה a woman that impairs her marriage contract. expl. ib. 8. Ib. 87b פוגמת כתובתה בעדים if she states that she has received partial payment in the presence of witnesses. Ib. פוחתת … היינו פוגמת if a woman lessens the amount in her marriage contract (declaring that it has been made out for a larger amount than had been agreed upon) …, is it the same as admitting partial payment or not? Y. ib. IX, 33b יורש שפ׳ אביו שטר חובו an heir whose father had admitted partial payment on a note of indebtedness in his possession; Tosef.Shebu.VI, 5. Gitt.18a עד שתִּפְגּוֹםוכ׳, v. זָקַף; Y.Shebi.IX, beg.39b; a. fr. Nif. נִפְגָּם, Nithpa. נִתְפַּגֵּם to be mutilated, diminished, impaired; to become defective, cracked, get out of order; to be discredited. Arakh.16b, v. אַכְסְנַאי. Bekh.VI, 1 נִפְגְּמָה אזנו if the ear of the first-born animal has become defective (lopped, bored through). Ib. 4 שנִפְגְּמוּ, v. גָּמַם. Arakh.10b והיה קולו ערב ונפ׳ and the sound of the flute was sweet, but it became impaired. Ib. אלו שני כלים … ונִתְפַּגְּמוּוכ׳ those were the two implements that had remained from the first Temple, but they became defective and could not he mended; a. fr.

    Jewish literature > פָּגַם

  • 70 קדש

    קְדַשch. sam(קדשto be, become pure, sacred, holy), to be sanctified, sacred (v. קְדוֹש). Shebu.15b שתי הלחם … דקַדְשֵׁי (Rashi דמִיקַּדְּשֵׁי Ithpa.) it is through the slaughtering of the sheep that the two loaves received their sacred character. Bekh.4b דקְרוּש קדושוכ׳ those firstborn that were consecrated, were consecrated Pa. קַדֵּיש as preced. Pi., to sanctify; to proclaim; to betroth Targ. Ex. 28:41. Ib. 29:1 לקַדָּשָׁא (Y. לקַדְשָׁא). Ib. 44; a. fr.Targ. Y. Deut. 20:7 (not דקָדֵיש; h. text ארש). Ib. 22:16 (h. text נתתי); a. e.Shebu.16a ועזרא קַדּרּשֵׁי ק׳וכ׳ and Ezra consecrated (the various places), although the Urim and Tummim were no longer extant. Pes.106a עיקר קידושא … דכי ק׳ תחלת יומא בעי לקַדּוּשֵׁי the actual sanctification of the Sabbath must take place in the evening, for when one sanctifies the Sabbath, one must sanctify the beginning of the day. Ib. ליקַדֵּיש לןוכ׳ please, sir, recite for us the great Ḳiddush, v. קִידּוּשָׁא. Ib. 101a לקדושי בביתא to recite the Ḳiddush in the house, Ib. 106b זימנין … מקדש אריפתא at times, when he cared more for bread, he recited the Ḳiddush over bread.R. Hash. 25a זיל … וקַדְּשֵׁיהוכ׳ go to ‘En-Ṭab and proclaim the New Moon Day. Ib. אמר … בעינן לקדושי בךוכ׳ he said (to the moon), to-night we desire to initiate the new month through thee, and thou standest here? Ibb ולִיקַדְּשֵׁיה בליליא Ms. M. and we may proclaim it at night. Shebu.15b דעד דקַדֵּיש יומאוכ׳ so that immediately after one has recited the blessing at the exit of the day (הַבְדָּלָה), one might finish the building and consecrate it.Kidd.50b באתרא דמְקַדְּשֵׁי והדר מסבלי where it is customary to send the gifts after betrothal, v. סְבַל. Ib. 59a לקדושי … לבריה to betroth a wife for his son (as his deputy); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקַדַּש; f. מְקַדְּשָׁא, Shebu. l. c. תרוייהו … מְקַדְּשֵׁי both of them are consecrated at the same time, Ib. חדא מי מק׳ how can even one of them be consecrated?Pes.101a ולא מק׳ לכו בבית אכילה (Ms. M. 2 מתקרש) and no Ḳiddush will be recited for you in your dining place; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְקַדֵּש, אִיקַּדֵּש; Ithpe. אִיקְּדִיש to sanctify ones self; to be sanctified; (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable; (of woman) to be betrothed. Targ. Ex. 29:37. Targ. Lev. 20:7. Targ. O. ib. 10:3; a. fr.Kidd.54a ירושלים מי מִיקַּדְּשָׁא is Jerusalem itself consecrated ground? Ned.31a כיון דאיק׳ אברהםוכ׳ when Abraham was consecrated (as the bearer of religion), they (the Israelites) were called after him (they are no longer included among ‘the sons of Noah).Keth.62b אי מִיקַּדַּשְׁנָא (some ed. מְקַדַּשְׁנָא) if I consent to be betrothed unto thee, wilt thou go to college? Ib. אִיקַּדְּשָׁא ליהוכ׳ she was betrothed to him in secret, and she sent him (Akiba) away (to study). Kidd.9a אי … מִיקַּדְּשַׁת לי if I give it thee, wilt thou be betrothed to me? Ib. 12a אשה … לא מִיקַּדְּשָׁא a woman cannot be betrothed with a Pruṭah; a. fr.Pes.105a זיל חזי אי מִקְּדִיש יומא (Ms. M. קדיש) go and see whether the sacred day has begun. Af. אַקְדֵּיש, אַקְדַּש 1) to sanctify, dedicate. Targ. Lev. 27:14 (Y. ed. Vien. יִקְדַּש). Ib. 15. Targ. Jud. 17:3; a. fr. 2) to betroth. Kidd.9b עד דמַקְדִּיש והדר בעיל (Rashi דמקדש) until he betroth her and consummates. Ib. 12a ההוא גברא רא׳וכ׳ a man betrothed a woman with a piece of, v. כּוֹחֲלָא. Ib. b; a. fr. (interch. with Pa.).

    Jewish literature > קדש

  • 71 קְדַש

    קְדַשch. sam(קדשto be, become pure, sacred, holy), to be sanctified, sacred (v. קְדוֹש). Shebu.15b שתי הלחם … דקַדְשֵׁי (Rashi דמִיקַּדְּשֵׁי Ithpa.) it is through the slaughtering of the sheep that the two loaves received their sacred character. Bekh.4b דקְרוּש קדושוכ׳ those firstborn that were consecrated, were consecrated Pa. קַדֵּיש as preced. Pi., to sanctify; to proclaim; to betroth Targ. Ex. 28:41. Ib. 29:1 לקַדָּשָׁא (Y. לקַדְשָׁא). Ib. 44; a. fr.Targ. Y. Deut. 20:7 (not דקָדֵיש; h. text ארש). Ib. 22:16 (h. text נתתי); a. e.Shebu.16a ועזרא קַדּרּשֵׁי ק׳וכ׳ and Ezra consecrated (the various places), although the Urim and Tummim were no longer extant. Pes.106a עיקר קידושא … דכי ק׳ תחלת יומא בעי לקַדּוּשֵׁי the actual sanctification of the Sabbath must take place in the evening, for when one sanctifies the Sabbath, one must sanctify the beginning of the day. Ib. ליקַדֵּיש לןוכ׳ please, sir, recite for us the great Ḳiddush, v. קִידּוּשָׁא. Ib. 101a לקדושי בביתא to recite the Ḳiddush in the house, Ib. 106b זימנין … מקדש אריפתא at times, when he cared more for bread, he recited the Ḳiddush over bread.R. Hash. 25a זיל … וקַדְּשֵׁיהוכ׳ go to ‘En-Ṭab and proclaim the New Moon Day. Ib. אמר … בעינן לקדושי בךוכ׳ he said (to the moon), to-night we desire to initiate the new month through thee, and thou standest here? Ibb ולִיקַדְּשֵׁיה בליליא Ms. M. and we may proclaim it at night. Shebu.15b דעד דקַדֵּיש יומאוכ׳ so that immediately after one has recited the blessing at the exit of the day (הַבְדָּלָה), one might finish the building and consecrate it.Kidd.50b באתרא דמְקַדְּשֵׁי והדר מסבלי where it is customary to send the gifts after betrothal, v. סְבַל. Ib. 59a לקדושי … לבריה to betroth a wife for his son (as his deputy); a. v. fr.Part. pass. מְקַדַּש; f. מְקַדְּשָׁא, Shebu. l. c. תרוייהו … מְקַדְּשֵׁי both of them are consecrated at the same time, Ib. חדא מי מק׳ how can even one of them be consecrated?Pes.101a ולא מק׳ לכו בבית אכילה (Ms. M. 2 מתקרש) and no Ḳiddush will be recited for you in your dining place; a. fr. Ithpa. אִתְקַדֵּש, אִיקַּדֵּש; Ithpe. אִיקְּדִיש to sanctify ones self; to be sanctified; (of mixed seeds) to be condemnable; (of woman) to be betrothed. Targ. Ex. 29:37. Targ. Lev. 20:7. Targ. O. ib. 10:3; a. fr.Kidd.54a ירושלים מי מִיקַּדְּשָׁא is Jerusalem itself consecrated ground? Ned.31a כיון דאיק׳ אברהםוכ׳ when Abraham was consecrated (as the bearer of religion), they (the Israelites) were called after him (they are no longer included among ‘the sons of Noah).Keth.62b אי מִיקַּדַּשְׁנָא (some ed. מְקַדַּשְׁנָא) if I consent to be betrothed unto thee, wilt thou go to college? Ib. אִיקַּדְּשָׁא ליהוכ׳ she was betrothed to him in secret, and she sent him (Akiba) away (to study). Kidd.9a אי … מִיקַּדְּשַׁת לי if I give it thee, wilt thou be betrothed to me? Ib. 12a אשה … לא מִיקַּדְּשָׁא a woman cannot be betrothed with a Pruṭah; a. fr.Pes.105a זיל חזי אי מִקְּדִיש יומא (Ms. M. קדיש) go and see whether the sacred day has begun. Af. אַקְדֵּיש, אַקְדַּש 1) to sanctify, dedicate. Targ. Lev. 27:14 (Y. ed. Vien. יִקְדַּש). Ib. 15. Targ. Jud. 17:3; a. fr. 2) to betroth. Kidd.9b עד דמַקְדִּיש והדר בעיל (Rashi דמקדש) until he betroth her and consummates. Ib. 12a ההוא גברא רא׳וכ׳ a man betrothed a woman with a piece of, v. כּוֹחֲלָא. Ib. b; a. fr. (interch. with Pa.).

    Jewish literature > קְדַש

  • 72 קרב

    קְרֵב, קְרֵיבch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְקָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְקָרֵב to be brought near, be received), 1) to be near, come near, touch. Targ. Num. 27:1. Targ. Ex. 36:2. Targ. 1 Kings 2:1; a. fr.Pesik. Zakhor, p. 24b> קריב לגביה, v. בָּלַם II. Eduy. VIII, 4 דיִקְרַב במיתא he who touches a corpse; a. e. 2) to intercede, protect. Y.Dem.I, 22a בני קרתי קוֹרְבִין לי (not קרתיה) fellow-citizens, protect me!; בני דודי קורבין לי (not דידי) children of my friend (the Lord), protect you me!; Y.Taan.III, 66c top בני דיליוכ׳ (corr. acc.). 3) to complain, sue. Y.B. Bath.IX, beg.16d אתון בנוי קַרְבוּןוכ׳ his sons came and complained before R. E. Ib. אתת וקְרֵיבָהוכ׳ she came and complained 4) to bring near; to offer, v. infra. Pa. קָרֵיב, קָרֵב 1) to bring near; to offer. Targ. Gen. 48:9, sq. Ib. 13 (Y. ed. Vien. קְריב; h. text ויַּגֵּש). Targ. Is. 58:3 (h. text תִּנְגּשֹׁוּ!). Targ. O. Lev. 1:2 יְקָרֵיב (Y. יִקְרַב). Ib. 3 (Y. יַקְרִיב Af.). Ib. 14 (Y. also יַקְרִיב); a. fr.Gitt.56a סבור רבנן לקָרוּבֵיה the rabbis were of the opinion that it should be offered. Y.Ber.IX, 13d top הוה … אתי למִיקָרְבָהוכ׳ (or למִיקְרְבָה) when a man came to offer, to the idol, an ox Y.Snh.X, 29b מְקָרְבָא לגיחזי to bring Gehazi near (befriend him again). Num. R. s. 3 אלהכון מאן הוא בעי מְקָרֵיב does your God bring near him (grace) whomever he chooses to? B. Bath. 168a אפי׳ צורבא … לְקָרוּבְיה even in the case of a young scholar whom it may be supposed his intended father-in-law likes to bring into his family; a. fr.Part. pass. מְקָרַב; f. מְקָרְבָא, מְקָרְבָה; pl. מְקָרְבִין; מְקָרְבָן near, friendly. Sabb.104a מ״ט שקר ק׳ מיליה אמתוכ׳ why are the letters of שקר (falsehood) near together (in the order of the alphabet), and those of אמת (truth) far apart? Snh.29a מק׳ דעתיה he is friendly, v. רְחַק. 3) to intercede, lead in prayer. Midr. Till. to Ps. 19 חזיוה לחזנא דקָרֵיבוכ׳ they noticed that the officer of the synagogue led in prayer and said Af. אַקְרֵיב to bring near; to offer. Targ. Mal. 2:12; a. fr.Gitt. l. c. אי מַקְרְבִין ליה (or מְקָרְבִין Pa.), v. קָרְבַּן. Ḥag.8b האי דלא אַקְרְבִינְהוּוכ׳ the reason why they did not offer them was ; a. fr.Yeb.39b איקרבת יתוכ׳ (read: אַקְרִיבַת) she brought before us (the court) such and such a person Ithpa. אִתְקָרֵיב, Ithpe. אִתְקְרִיב, אִיקְּרִיב 1) to approach, come near. Targ. Y. Deut. 20:3; O. ib. ed. Berl. (oth. ed. קריבין). Ib. 25:9; a. fr.Keth.56a משום אִיקָּרוּבֵי דעתא הוא והא אִיקָּרְבָא דעתא (when a man promises his bride an additional jointure,) it is in order that an attachment be formed; well, now, the attachment has been formed (and we have a right to assume that he wanted his bride to get that addition, even if he should die before the wedding). 2) to claim relationship, v. preced.

    Jewish literature > קרב

  • 73 קריב

    קְרֵב, קְרֵיבch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְקָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְקָרֵב to be brought near, be received), 1) to be near, come near, touch. Targ. Num. 27:1. Targ. Ex. 36:2. Targ. 1 Kings 2:1; a. fr.Pesik. Zakhor, p. 24b> קריב לגביה, v. בָּלַם II. Eduy. VIII, 4 דיִקְרַב במיתא he who touches a corpse; a. e. 2) to intercede, protect. Y.Dem.I, 22a בני קרתי קוֹרְבִין לי (not קרתיה) fellow-citizens, protect me!; בני דודי קורבין לי (not דידי) children of my friend (the Lord), protect you me!; Y.Taan.III, 66c top בני דיליוכ׳ (corr. acc.). 3) to complain, sue. Y.B. Bath.IX, beg.16d אתון בנוי קַרְבוּןוכ׳ his sons came and complained before R. E. Ib. אתת וקְרֵיבָהוכ׳ she came and complained 4) to bring near; to offer, v. infra. Pa. קָרֵיב, קָרֵב 1) to bring near; to offer. Targ. Gen. 48:9, sq. Ib. 13 (Y. ed. Vien. קְריב; h. text ויַּגֵּש). Targ. Is. 58:3 (h. text תִּנְגּשֹׁוּ!). Targ. O. Lev. 1:2 יְקָרֵיב (Y. יִקְרַב). Ib. 3 (Y. יַקְרִיב Af.). Ib. 14 (Y. also יַקְרִיב); a. fr.Gitt.56a סבור רבנן לקָרוּבֵיה the rabbis were of the opinion that it should be offered. Y.Ber.IX, 13d top הוה … אתי למִיקָרְבָהוכ׳ (or למִיקְרְבָה) when a man came to offer, to the idol, an ox Y.Snh.X, 29b מְקָרְבָא לגיחזי to bring Gehazi near (befriend him again). Num. R. s. 3 אלהכון מאן הוא בעי מְקָרֵיב does your God bring near him (grace) whomever he chooses to? B. Bath. 168a אפי׳ צורבא … לְקָרוּבְיה even in the case of a young scholar whom it may be supposed his intended father-in-law likes to bring into his family; a. fr.Part. pass. מְקָרַב; f. מְקָרְבָא, מְקָרְבָה; pl. מְקָרְבִין; מְקָרְבָן near, friendly. Sabb.104a מ״ט שקר ק׳ מיליה אמתוכ׳ why are the letters of שקר (falsehood) near together (in the order of the alphabet), and those of אמת (truth) far apart? Snh.29a מק׳ דעתיה he is friendly, v. רְחַק. 3) to intercede, lead in prayer. Midr. Till. to Ps. 19 חזיוה לחזנא דקָרֵיבוכ׳ they noticed that the officer of the synagogue led in prayer and said Af. אַקְרֵיב to bring near; to offer. Targ. Mal. 2:12; a. fr.Gitt. l. c. אי מַקְרְבִין ליה (or מְקָרְבִין Pa.), v. קָרְבַּן. Ḥag.8b האי דלא אַקְרְבִינְהוּוכ׳ the reason why they did not offer them was ; a. fr.Yeb.39b איקרבת יתוכ׳ (read: אַקְרִיבַת) she brought before us (the court) such and such a person Ithpa. אִתְקָרֵיב, Ithpe. אִתְקְרִיב, אִיקְּרִיב 1) to approach, come near. Targ. Y. Deut. 20:3; O. ib. ed. Berl. (oth. ed. קריבין). Ib. 25:9; a. fr.Keth.56a משום אִיקָּרוּבֵי דעתא הוא והא אִיקָּרְבָא דעתא (when a man promises his bride an additional jointure,) it is in order that an attachment be formed; well, now, the attachment has been formed (and we have a right to assume that he wanted his bride to get that addition, even if he should die before the wedding). 2) to claim relationship, v. preced.

    Jewish literature > קריב

  • 74 קְרֵב

    קְרֵב, קְרֵיבch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְקָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְקָרֵב to be brought near, be received), 1) to be near, come near, touch. Targ. Num. 27:1. Targ. Ex. 36:2. Targ. 1 Kings 2:1; a. fr.Pesik. Zakhor, p. 24b> קריב לגביה, v. בָּלַם II. Eduy. VIII, 4 דיִקְרַב במיתא he who touches a corpse; a. e. 2) to intercede, protect. Y.Dem.I, 22a בני קרתי קוֹרְבִין לי (not קרתיה) fellow-citizens, protect me!; בני דודי קורבין לי (not דידי) children of my friend (the Lord), protect you me!; Y.Taan.III, 66c top בני דיליוכ׳ (corr. acc.). 3) to complain, sue. Y.B. Bath.IX, beg.16d אתון בנוי קַרְבוּןוכ׳ his sons came and complained before R. E. Ib. אתת וקְרֵיבָהוכ׳ she came and complained 4) to bring near; to offer, v. infra. Pa. קָרֵיב, קָרֵב 1) to bring near; to offer. Targ. Gen. 48:9, sq. Ib. 13 (Y. ed. Vien. קְריב; h. text ויַּגֵּש). Targ. Is. 58:3 (h. text תִּנְגּשֹׁוּ!). Targ. O. Lev. 1:2 יְקָרֵיב (Y. יִקְרַב). Ib. 3 (Y. יַקְרִיב Af.). Ib. 14 (Y. also יַקְרִיב); a. fr.Gitt.56a סבור רבנן לקָרוּבֵיה the rabbis were of the opinion that it should be offered. Y.Ber.IX, 13d top הוה … אתי למִיקָרְבָהוכ׳ (or למִיקְרְבָה) when a man came to offer, to the idol, an ox Y.Snh.X, 29b מְקָרְבָא לגיחזי to bring Gehazi near (befriend him again). Num. R. s. 3 אלהכון מאן הוא בעי מְקָרֵיב does your God bring near him (grace) whomever he chooses to? B. Bath. 168a אפי׳ צורבא … לְקָרוּבְיה even in the case of a young scholar whom it may be supposed his intended father-in-law likes to bring into his family; a. fr.Part. pass. מְקָרַב; f. מְקָרְבָא, מְקָרְבָה; pl. מְקָרְבִין; מְקָרְבָן near, friendly. Sabb.104a מ״ט שקר ק׳ מיליה אמתוכ׳ why are the letters of שקר (falsehood) near together (in the order of the alphabet), and those of אמת (truth) far apart? Snh.29a מק׳ דעתיה he is friendly, v. רְחַק. 3) to intercede, lead in prayer. Midr. Till. to Ps. 19 חזיוה לחזנא דקָרֵיבוכ׳ they noticed that the officer of the synagogue led in prayer and said Af. אַקְרֵיב to bring near; to offer. Targ. Mal. 2:12; a. fr.Gitt. l. c. אי מַקְרְבִין ליה (or מְקָרְבִין Pa.), v. קָרְבַּן. Ḥag.8b האי דלא אַקְרְבִינְהוּוכ׳ the reason why they did not offer them was ; a. fr.Yeb.39b איקרבת יתוכ׳ (read: אַקְרִיבַת) she brought before us (the court) such and such a person Ithpa. אִתְקָרֵיב, Ithpe. אִתְקְרִיב, אִיקְּרִיב 1) to approach, come near. Targ. Y. Deut. 20:3; O. ib. ed. Berl. (oth. ed. קריבין). Ib. 25:9; a. fr.Keth.56a משום אִיקָּרוּבֵי דעתא הוא והא אִיקָּרְבָא דעתא (when a man promises his bride an additional jointure,) it is in order that an attachment be formed; well, now, the attachment has been formed (and we have a right to assume that he wanted his bride to get that addition, even if he should die before the wedding). 2) to claim relationship, v. preced.

    Jewish literature > קְרֵב

  • 75 קְרֵיב

    קְרֵב, קְרֵיבch. sam( Hithpa. הִתְקָרֵב, Nithpa. נִתְקָרֵב to be brought near, be received), 1) to be near, come near, touch. Targ. Num. 27:1. Targ. Ex. 36:2. Targ. 1 Kings 2:1; a. fr.Pesik. Zakhor, p. 24b> קריב לגביה, v. בָּלַם II. Eduy. VIII, 4 דיִקְרַב במיתא he who touches a corpse; a. e. 2) to intercede, protect. Y.Dem.I, 22a בני קרתי קוֹרְבִין לי (not קרתיה) fellow-citizens, protect me!; בני דודי קורבין לי (not דידי) children of my friend (the Lord), protect you me!; Y.Taan.III, 66c top בני דיליוכ׳ (corr. acc.). 3) to complain, sue. Y.B. Bath.IX, beg.16d אתון בנוי קַרְבוּןוכ׳ his sons came and complained before R. E. Ib. אתת וקְרֵיבָהוכ׳ she came and complained 4) to bring near; to offer, v. infra. Pa. קָרֵיב, קָרֵב 1) to bring near; to offer. Targ. Gen. 48:9, sq. Ib. 13 (Y. ed. Vien. קְריב; h. text ויַּגֵּש). Targ. Is. 58:3 (h. text תִּנְגּשֹׁוּ!). Targ. O. Lev. 1:2 יְקָרֵיב (Y. יִקְרַב). Ib. 3 (Y. יַקְרִיב Af.). Ib. 14 (Y. also יַקְרִיב); a. fr.Gitt.56a סבור רבנן לקָרוּבֵיה the rabbis were of the opinion that it should be offered. Y.Ber.IX, 13d top הוה … אתי למִיקָרְבָהוכ׳ (or למִיקְרְבָה) when a man came to offer, to the idol, an ox Y.Snh.X, 29b מְקָרְבָא לגיחזי to bring Gehazi near (befriend him again). Num. R. s. 3 אלהכון מאן הוא בעי מְקָרֵיב does your God bring near him (grace) whomever he chooses to? B. Bath. 168a אפי׳ צורבא … לְקָרוּבְיה even in the case of a young scholar whom it may be supposed his intended father-in-law likes to bring into his family; a. fr.Part. pass. מְקָרַב; f. מְקָרְבָא, מְקָרְבָה; pl. מְקָרְבִין; מְקָרְבָן near, friendly. Sabb.104a מ״ט שקר ק׳ מיליה אמתוכ׳ why are the letters of שקר (falsehood) near together (in the order of the alphabet), and those of אמת (truth) far apart? Snh.29a מק׳ דעתיה he is friendly, v. רְחַק. 3) to intercede, lead in prayer. Midr. Till. to Ps. 19 חזיוה לחזנא דקָרֵיבוכ׳ they noticed that the officer of the synagogue led in prayer and said Af. אַקְרֵיב to bring near; to offer. Targ. Mal. 2:12; a. fr.Gitt. l. c. אי מַקְרְבִין ליה (or מְקָרְבִין Pa.), v. קָרְבַּן. Ḥag.8b האי דלא אַקְרְבִינְהוּוכ׳ the reason why they did not offer them was ; a. fr.Yeb.39b איקרבת יתוכ׳ (read: אַקְרִיבַת) she brought before us (the court) such and such a person Ithpa. אִתְקָרֵיב, Ithpe. אִתְקְרִיב, אִיקְּרִיב 1) to approach, come near. Targ. Y. Deut. 20:3; O. ib. ed. Berl. (oth. ed. קריבין). Ib. 25:9; a. fr.Keth.56a משום אִיקָּרוּבֵי דעתא הוא והא אִיקָּרְבָא דעתא (when a man promises his bride an additional jointure,) it is in order that an attachment be formed; well, now, the attachment has been formed (and we have a right to assume that he wanted his bride to get that addition, even if he should die before the wedding). 2) to claim relationship, v. preced.

    Jewish literature > קְרֵיב

  • 76 value

    ˈvælju:
    1. сущ.
    1) а) ценность;
    справедливое возмещение, справедливая оценка Syn: merit б) мн. достоинства, ценности to cherish values, to foster values ≈ культивировать, пропагандировать какие-л. ценности enduring values ≈ стойкие принципы Victorian values ≈ устои викторианского общества cultural values ≈ культурные ценности moral values ≈ моральные ценности sense of values ≈ моральные критерии spiritual values ≈ духовные ценности
    2) а) стоимость, цена at a certain value ≈ по определенной цене contract value of the goods ≈ стоимость товаров по контракту to place, put, set a value on ≈ назначить цену They paid him the value of his lost property. ≈ Они возместили ему стоимость его пропавшего имущества. assessed value book value cash value face value fair value intrinsic value market value nominal value present value token value б) экон. стоимость surplus value ≈ прибавочная стоимость exchange value ≈ меновая стоимость
    3) а) значение, смысл( о слове) to acquire value, take on value ≈ приобретать значение, приобретать смысл a discovery of great value ≈ очень важное открытие;
    открытие, имеющее большое значение to attach value to ≈ придавать значение чему-л. б) мат., комп. величина, значение absolute value ≈ абсолютная величина, абсолютное значение numerical value ≈ численное значение в) муз. длительность (ноты) г) живоп. сочетание света и тени в картине
    2. гл.
    1) оценивать, производить оценку, устанавливать цену to value a painting at five thousand pounds ≈ оценить картину в пять тысяч фунтов
    2) дорожить, ценить, быть высокого мнения, отдавать должное to value highly, to value very much ≈ высоко ценить кого-л./что-л. to value smb. as a friend ≈ считать кого-л. другом He values himself on his genealogy. ≈ Он гордится своей родословной. ценность;
    важность;
    полезность - the * of exercise важное значение моциона - to set a high * on smth. высоко ценить что-л.;
    придавать большое значение чему-л.;
    дорожить чем-л. - to set a low * on smth. считать несущественным что-л., не придавать большого значения чему-л. - to set too high a * upon smth. переоценивать что-л. - to know the * of time ценить свое время - he had nothing of * to say он не сказал ничего интересного pl ценности - moral *s моральные ценности - sense of *s моральные критерии;
    этическое сознание;
    представление о добре и зле - to seek material *s instead of human стремиться к материальным, а не к общечеловеческим ценностям значение, смысл (слова) - to give full * to each word чеканить слова - the precise * of a word точный смысл слова - the word is used with all its poetic * слово используестя во всей его поэтической силе ценность, стоимость - to pay the * of lost property полностью возместить стоимость утраченного имущества - * journey путешествие, оправдывающее затраты - * for money ценность в сравнении с уплаченной суммой - he gives you * for your money за ваши деньги вы получаете от него хороший товар;
    сделка выгодна - he got good * for him money он удачно купил (что-л.) (экономика) цена;
    стоимость (в денежном выражении) - * letter ценное письмо - сommercial * рыночная стоимость;
    продажная цена - market * курсовая стоимость;
    рыночная стоимость - nominal * наричательная цена;
    номинальная стоимость, номинал - current *s существующие цены;
    текущие показатели - declared * объявленная стоимость( в таможенной декларации) - at * по цене - under * ниже стоимости - * of gold стоимость золота - in terms of * в стоимостном выражении - to lose in * упасть в цене - jewels to the * of four thousand dollars драгоценности стоимостью в 4 тысячи долларов - the * of a dollar fluctuates покупательная сила доллара колеблется (политика) (экономика) стоимость - exchange * меновая стоимость - surplus * прибавочная стоимость (финансовое) валюта;
    сумма векселя или тратты;
    эквивалент( суммы векселя) - * date срок векселя;
    дата зачисления денег на банковский счет - for * received эквивалент получен (фраза в тексте тратты) (специальное) величина, значение - absolute * абсолютная величина, абсолютное значение - initial * исходная величина;
    данное значение - iodine * йодное число - crest * амплитуда;
    амплитудное, пиковое значение - heating * теплотворная способность - numerical * (математика) численное значение - radiation * коэффициент излучения - geographical *s географические координаты - Greenwich * (география) долгота от Гринвичского меридиана - field *s полевые данные, даные полевого журнала - to throw away a * пренебречь какой-л. величиной( музыкальное) длительность ноты или паузы (искусство) валер;
    соотношение тонов - * of colour, colour * интенсивность цвета;
    насыщенность цветового тона - out of * слишком темно;
    слишком светло (фонетика) качество - acute accent has not always the same * острое ударение не всегда одного качества > to accept smth. at face * принимать что-л. за чистую монету;
    понимать буквально оценивать, давать оценку( в денежном выражении) - to * a house at оценить дом в 800 ф. ст. - I do not * that a brass farthing по-моему, это гроша ломаного не стоит оценивать, определять значение, полезность и т. п. дорожить, ценить - to * oneself on smth. гордиться чем-л. - to * smth. above rubies ценить что-л. дороже золота - I * your friendship я ценю вашу дружбу, я дорожу дружбой с вами( финансовое) трассировать, выставлять вексель или тратту - to * on a person трассировать на кого-л.;
    выставить вексель или тратту на кого-л. absolute ~ абсолютная величина access ~ вчт. ссылочное значение accounting par ~ учет по номинальной стоимости acquisition ~ стоимость покупки acquisition ~ цена покупки acquisition ~ ценность приобретения actual ~ действительная стоимость actual ~ действительная ценность actual ~ вчт. истинное значение actual ~ реализованная стоимость actual ~ реальная ценность actual ~ фактический показатель added ~ добавленная стоимость added ~ добавочная стоимость added ~ добавочная ценность added ~ стоимость, добавленная обработкой additional ~ дополнительная стоимость additional ~ дополнительная ценностть additive ~ аддитивная величина advertising ~ стоимость рекламы advertising ~ ценность рекламы aggregate ~ совокупная стоимость agreed ~ согласованная стоимость amortized book ~ остаточная стоимость списанного имущества annual current ~ годовая текущая стоимость appraised ~ оценочная стоимость appraised ~ стоимость по оценке appreciated ~ высокая ценность arbitrary ~ условная стоимость assessed cash ~ недв. денежная стоимость по оценке assessed cash ~ недв. оценочная стоимость в наличных деньгах assessed site ~ налог. оценка участка для застройки assessed ~ налог. оценка стоимости assessed ~ налог. оценочная стоимость assessed ~ налог. стоимость по оценке assessed ~ ценность assessment ~ налог. оценочная стоимость asymptotic ~ асимптотическое значение asymptotically optimum ~ асимптотически оптимальное значение at par ~ по номинальной стоимости at par ~ по паритету attribute ~ вчт. значение атрибута barter ~ стоимость бартерного обмена bona fide purchaser for ~ добросовестный покупатель на возмездных началах bona fide purchaser for ~ добросовестный покупатель при встречном удовлетворении book ~ балансовая стоимость активов book ~ нетто-активы book ~ нетто-капитал book ~ остаточная стоимость основного капитала book ~ полная стоимость капитала book ~ стоимость чистых активов компании в расчете на одну акцию booked ~ нетто-капитал boolean ~ вчт. логическое значение break-up ~ капитал компании break-up ~ разница между активами и текущими обязательствами break-up ~ разница между заемным капиталом и привилегированными акциями budgeted ~ сметная стоимость business ~ ценность бизнеса by ~ вчт. по значению calculated ~ вчт. расчетное значение capital ~ величина капитала capital ~ стоимость капитального имущества capital ~ стоимость основного капитала capitalized earnings ~ дисконтированная стоимость доходов capitalized ~ дисконтированная стоимость capitalized ~ of potential earnings дисконтированная стоимость потенциальных доходов carrying ~ балансовая стоимость активов carrying ~ нетто-активы carrying ~ остаточная стоимость основного капитала carrying ~ чистый капитал cash property ~ стоимость имущества в наличных деньгах cash surrender ~ выкупная стоимость cash ~ денежная стоимость cash ~ денежная ценность cash ~ стоимость в наличных деньгах certainty ~ вероятность certainty ~ значение показателя достоверности check ~ вчт. контрольное число clearance ~ стоимость реализации collateral ~ дополнительная ценность color ~ вчт. код цвета commercial ~ коммерческая ценность commercial ~ продажная цена commercial ~ рыночная стоимость commercial ~ стоимость по продажным ценам communication ~ стоимость передачи рекламы compulsory purchase ~ стоимость конфискованной собственности conditional expected ~ условное математическое ожидание conditionally optimal ~ условнооптимальное значение constant ~ постоянная стоимость control ~ вчт. контрольное значение conversion ~ конверсионная стоимость conversion ~ стоимость, созданная путем превращения одной формы собственности в другую cost ~ величина издержек cost ~ величина расходов cost ~ первоначальная стоимость cost ~ себестоимость cost ~ стоимость издержек credibility ~ степень доверия critical ~ критическое значение ~ pl ценности, достоинства;
    cultural values культурные ценности;
    sense of values моральные критерии current market ~ цен. бум. текущая курсовая стоимость current market ~ цен.бум. текущая рыночная стоимость current ~ действующая величина current ~ приведенная стоимость current ~ существующая цена current ~ существующая ценность current ~ текущая стоимость current ~ текущее значение customs ~ таможенная ценность customs ~ ценность ввозимых товаров, определенная таможней declared ~ заявленая ценность declared ~ объявленная ценность default ~ вчт. значение, присваиваемое по умолчанию default ~ значение по умолчанию depreciable ~ остаточная стоимость design ~ расчетное значение desired ~ ожидаемое значение distributional ~ распределенная стоимость domain ~ вчт. значение домена dutiable ~ ценность, подлежащая обложению пошлиной earned ~ прибавочная стоимость earning capacity ~ величина потенциального дохода индивидуумов effective ~ действительная ценность effective ~ эффективное значение empty ~ фиктивное значение end ~ конечное значение entered ~ сумма, внесенная в бухгалтерский отчет equity ~ стоимость акционерного капитала equity ~ стоимость обыкновенной акции equivalent ~ эквивалентная стоимость equivalent ~ эквивалентное значение esthetic ~ эстетическая ценность estimated ~ оценка стоимости estimated ~ рассчитанная ценность estimated ~ расчетная стоимость evidentiary ~ доказательное значение excess ~ чрезмерная величина exchange ~ меновая стоимость exchange ~ of goods supplied меновая стоимость поставленных товаров expectation ~ математическое ожидание expectation ~ стат. ожидаемое значение expected ~ математическое ожидание expected ~ ожидаемое значение external ~ интернациональная стоимость extreme ~ экстремальное значение fair ~ стоимость в текущих ценах fictitious ~ фиктивная величина fictitious ~ фиктивная стоимость final ~ окончательное значение final ~ результирующее значение financial reduction in ~ снижение финансовой стоимости finite ~ конечное значение fitted ~ подобранное значение fixed ~ фиксированная стоимость fixup ~ координаты местоположения free mortgageable ~ свободно закладываемая ценность to get good ~ for one's money получить сполна за свои деньги, выгодно купить;
    to go down in value понизиться в цене, подешеветь;
    обесцениться ~ значение, смысл (слова) ;
    to give full value to each word отчеканивать слова given ~ заданная величина to get good ~ for one's money получить сполна за свои деньги, выгодно купить;
    to go down in value понизиться в цене, подешеветь;
    обесцениться going concern ~ стоимость действующего предприятия good ~ стоимость товара gross book ~ валовая стоимость капитала gross book ~ первоначальная стоимость основного капитала gross book ~ полная стоимость капитала gross book ~ полная стоимость основных производственных фондов gross book ~ стоимость в ценах приобретения gross residual ~ валовая ликвидационная стоимость gross residual ~ валовая остаточная стоимость основного капитала hack ~ вчт. программистский трюк ~ дорожить, ценить;
    he values himself on his knowledge он гордится своими знаниями;
    I do not value that a brass farthing = помоему, это гроша ломаного не стоит heating ~ теплотворная способность high ~ верхнее значение human ~ человеческая ценность hypothetical ~ гипотетическое значение ~ дорожить, ценить;
    he values himself on his knowledge он гордится своими знаниями;
    I do not value that a brass farthing = помоему, это гроша ломаного не стоит improvement ~ стоимость усовершенствования imputed rent ~ оценочная стоимость ренты imputed rent ~ расчетная стоимость ренты increment ~ величина прироста informative ~ ценность информации initial ~ начальное значение input ~ вчт. входная величина insurable ~ страховая стоимость insurable ~ ценность, могущая быть застрахованной insured ~ застрахованная стоимость insured ~ застрахованная ценность insured ~ страховая оценка intangible ~ стоимость нематериальных активов integral ~ целое число integral ~ целочисленное значение internal ~ стоимость на внутреннем рынке interpolated ~ интерполированное значение intrinsic ~ внутренняя ценность intrinsic ~ действительная стоимость inventory ~ инвентарная ценность invoice ~ стоимость согласно счету-фактуре item ~ значение элемента данных junk ~ стоимость утиля land expectation ~ ожидаемая стоимость земли land ~ стоимость земельной собственности land ~ стоимость земли lending ~ стоимость ссуды letting ~ размер арендной платы limit ~ предельное значение liquidation ~ ликвидационная стоимость liquidation ~ стоимость реализации loan ~ максимальный размер кредита брокеру в форме процента от стоимости ценных бумаг loan ~ размер кредита loan ~ стоимость займа loan ~ стоимость кредита loan ~ сумма, которую кредитор готов предоставить под данное обеспечение loan ~ сумма, которая может быть получена страхователем loan ~ сумма займа lose ~ обесцениваться low ~ нижнее значение maintained ~ поддерживаемая стоимость market ~ биржевая стоимость market ~ курсовая стоимость market ~ меновая стоимость market ~ рыночная стоимость market-to-book ~ отношение рыночной цены акции к ее первоначальной стоимости marketable ~ курсовая стоимость marketable ~ рыночная стоимость material ~ материальная ценность mathematical ~ математическая величина maximum ~ максимальная стоимость maximum ~ максимальная ценность mean ~ математическое ожидание mean ~ среднее mean ~ среднее значение median ~ медиана minimum ~ минимальная стоимость modal ~ вчт. мода modal ~ наиболее вероятное значение monetary ~ денежная ценность money ~ денежная оценка money ~ денежная ценность money ~ оценка в денежном выражении money ~ оценка в ценностном выражении net asset ~ стоимость имущества за вычетом обязательств net asset ~ чистая номинальная стоимость активов net book ~ балансовая стоимость активов net book ~ нетто-активы net book ~ нетто-капитал net book ~ остаточная стоимость основного капитала net book ~ полная стоимость капитала net book ~ полная стоимость основных производственных фондов net book ~ чистая стоимость капитала net book ~ чистый капитал net capital ~ чистая стоимость реального основного капитала net realizable ~ чистая реализуемая стоимость net replacement ~ чистая восстановительная стоимость net replacement ~ чистая стоимость страхового возмещения net ~ стоимость нетто net ~ чистая стоимость no commercial ~ (NCV) не имеет коммерческой ценности no customs ~ таможенной пошлиной не облагается nominal ~ нарицательная цена nominal ~ номинал nominal ~ номинальная величина nominal ~ номинальная стоимость nominal ~ номинальная ценность nonguaranteed residual ~ негарантированная остаточная стоимость normal market ~ нормальная рыночная стоимость novelty ~ стоимость новинки numerical ~ численная величина numerical ~ численное значение numerical ~ числовое значение observed ~ наблюденная величина ~ ценность;
    of no value нестоящий, не имеющий ценности;
    to put much (little) value (upon smth.) высоко (низко) ценить (что-л.) of no ~ не имеющий ценности operating ~ стоимость основной деятельности original ~ первоначальная стоимость ostensible ~ мнимая ценность overall ~ полная стоимость paid-up policy ~ стоимость оплаченного страхового полиса par ~ номинал par ~ номинальная стоимость par ~ номинальная стоимость облигации par ~ номинальная стоимость ценной бумаги par ~ паритет par ~ паритет валюты permissible ~ допустимое значение portfolio ~ стоимость портфеля ценных бумаг possess the ~ принимать значение present utilization ~ текущая потребительская стоимость present ~ настоящая ценность present ~ текущая стоимость present ~ текущая цена price-to-book ~ остаточная стоимость основного капитала principal ~ номинальная стоимость probative ~ доказательная ценность production ~ стоимость продукции productive ~ производственная ценность property tax ~ оценка недвижимости для налогообложения property tax ~ стоимость имущества, облагаемая налогом property ~ стоимость недвижимости public assessment ~ стоимость при государственной оценке publicity ~ значение рекламы ~ ценность;
    of no value нестоящий, не имеющий ценности;
    to put much (little) value (upon smth.) высоко (низко) ценить (что-л.) quotation ~ бирж. котировочная стоимость quoted ~ объявленная ценность rateable ~ облагаемая стоимость real estate ~ стоимость недвижимости real property ~ стоимость недвижимости real ~ действительная стоимость, ценность real ~ реальная стоимость real ~ реальная ценность realizable ~ достижимая величина realizable ~ реализуемая стоимость realization ~ реализованная стоимость realization ~ цена фактической продажи realized ~ достигнутая величина reciprocal ~ обратная величина recovery ~ возможная стоимость при продаже объекта основного капитала recovery ~ ликвидационная стоимость redemption ~ выкупная стоимость reduction ~ величина скидки reduction ~ величина снижения reference ~ исходная стоимость reinstatement ~ восстановительная стоимость rental ~ величина арендной платы rental ~ расчетная арендная плата replacement ~ восстановительная стоимость replacement ~ оценка по восстановительной стоимости replacement ~ стоимость страхового возмещения repurchase ~ выкупная стоимость residual ~ ликвидационная стоимость residual ~ остаточная стоимость основного капитала reversion ~ стоимость возврата rounded ~ округленное значение saddle ~ седловое значение sales ~ общая стоимость продаж sales ~ общая стоимость проданных товаров salvage ~ стоимость спасенного имущества salvage ~ сумма, которую можно выручить за спасенное имущество в случае его немедленной реализации salvaged ~ стоимость спасенного имущества sample ~ выборочное значение scalar ~ скалярная величина scrap ~ стоимость изделия, сдаваемого в утиль scrap ~ стоимость лома scrap ~ стоимость металлического лома scrap ~ стоимость скрапа search ~ искомое значение selling ~ продажная цена ~ pl ценности, достоинства;
    cultural values культурные ценности;
    sense of values моральные критерии sentimental ~ чувствительность set ~ заданное значение shareholder ~ биржевая стоимость акции significance ~ уровень значимости significant ~ значимая величина site ~ стоимость строительной площадки smoothed ~ сглаженное значение soil expectation ~ ожидаемая ценность почвы stated ~ объявленная ценность steady-state ~ стационарное значение stepped-up ~ добавленная стоимость stock ~ стоимость акций stock ~ стоимость запасов street ~ внебиржевая стоимость table ~ табличное значение tabular ~ табличное значение tangible ~ стоимость реальных активов taxable ~ облагаемая налогом стоимость активов taxable ~ стоимость, подлежащая налогообложению text ~ вчт. текстовое значение theoretical ~ теоретическая стоимость ~ стоимость;
    цена;
    справедливое возмещение;
    they paid him the value of his lost property они возместили ему стоимость его пропавшего имущества threshold limit ~ нижнее пороговое значение threshold ~ пороговое значение today's ~ сегодняшняя стоимость total ~ общая величина trade ~ продажная цена trade ~ рыночная стоимость trade ~ торговая ценность tradeable ~ продажная цена tradeable ~ рыночная стоимость traffic ~ вчт. нагрузка линии связи transaction ~ рыночная стоимость transactions ~ рыночная стоимость trend ~ значение тренда trifling ~ незначительная стоимость true ~ истинная ценность true ~ истинное значение truth ~ истинностное значение unit ~ средняя цена единицы продукции unit ~ средняя цена товарной единицы unit ~ стоимость единичного изделия unmortgaged property ~ стоимость незаложенного имущества unsigned ~ вчт. величина без знака use ~ потребительская стоимость utility ~ стоимость использования utilization ~ стоимость использования valley ~ значение в низшей точке кривой value важность ~ валюта (векселя), сумма векселя ~ валюта ~ мат. величина, значение ~ величина ~ выставлять вексель, трассировать ~ выставлять вексель ~ выставлять тратту ~ муз. длительность (ноты) ~ дорожить, ценить;
    he values himself on his knowledge он гордится своими знаниями;
    I do not value that a brass farthing = помоему, это гроша ломаного не стоит ~ значение, смысл (слова) ;
    to give full value to each word отчеканивать слова ~ значение ~ оценивать ~ оценка ~ производить оценку ~ жив. сочетание света и тени в картине ~ эк. стоимость;
    surplus (exchange) value прибавочная (меновая) стоимость ~ стоимость;
    цена;
    справедливое возмещение;
    they paid him the value of his lost property они возместили ему стоимость его пропавшего имущества ~ стоимость ~ сумма векселя ~ сумма тратты ~ трассировать ~ цена ~ ценить ~ pl ценности, достоинства;
    cultural values культурные ценности;
    sense of values моральные критерии ~ ценность;
    of no value нестоящий, не имеющий ценности;
    to put much (little) value (upon smth.) высоко (низко) ценить (что-л.) ~ ценность, стоимость ~ ценность ~ эквивалент суммы векселя;
    встречное удовлетворение ~ эквивалент суммы векселя ~ at point of entry стоимость в момент поступления ~ at selling price стоимость по продажной цене ~ in use потребительная стоимость ~ of bond drawn стоимость облигации с фиксированной ставкой, которая по жребию предназначена к погашению ~ of building стоимость здания ~ of building стоимость сооружения ~ of collateral стоимость залога ~ of domestic sales стоимость внутреннего товарооборота ~ of exemption сумма вычета ~ of function значение функции ~ of game вчт. цена игры ~ of human life ценность человеческой жизни ~ of imports стоимость импорта ~ of material стоимость материала ~ of money стоимость денег ~ of note стоимость банкноты ~ of note стоимость простого векселя ~ of property in litigation стоимость имущества, оспариваемого в судебном порядке ~ of ship and freight стоимость судна и груза ~ of tax deduction сумма скидки с налога ~ of vessel and freight стоимость судна и груза ~ on balance sheet date стоимость на дату представления балансового отчета vector ~ векторная величина virtual ~ действующее значение weighted ~ стат. взвешенное значение weighted ~ взвешенное значение wild ~ аномальное значение wild ~ резко отклоняющееся значение winding up ~ стоимость активов при ликвидации компании write-down ~ величина списанной стоимости write-up ~ завышенная стоимость written down ~ остаточная стоимость имущества written-up ~ стоимость списанного имущества yield ~ выход (продукта) zero salvage ~ невозможность реализации объекта основного капитала при выбытии zero salvage ~ нулевая ликвидационная стоимость zero salvage ~ нулевая стоимость объекта основного капитала при выбытии zero ~ нулевое значение

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > value

  • 77 message

    I
    1. [ʹmesıdʒ] n
    1. сообщение, донесение; письмо, послание

    his terse message - его скупое /немногословное/ донесение

    plain-text message - воен. донесение, передаваемое открытым текстом, несекретное донесение

    message form - воен. бланк донесения

    message reference number - воен. исходящий номер (приказа)

    to send a message - посылать сообщение /донесение, письмо, записку/; извещать

    to send a message in clear [in code] - воен. посылать донесение открытым текстом [кодом]

    to code [to decipher, to intercept /to pick up/, to relay, to get through] a message - воен. шифровать [расшифровывать, перехватывать, передавать, доставлять] донесение

    to deliver a message - доставить сообщение /донесение, письмо, записку/; передать сообщение; передать то, что поручили

    I delivered to him your message yesterday - я вчера передал ему то, что вы просили

    to leave a message - просить /поручить/ передать

    did he leave any message? - он просил что-нибудь передать?

    did you get my message? - вам передали то, что я просил (сказать)?

    would you give him this message? - будьте любезны, передайте ему следующее /вот что/

    2. официальное правительственное послание

    final message - амер. прощальное послание президента конгрессу ( по истечении срока его полномочий)

    3. поручение, миссия

    to go on a message (for smb.) - идти /отправиться/ с (чьим-л.) поручением

    to run messages - исполнять поручения, быть на посылках

    4. 1) проповедь; предсказание; откровение
    2) идея ( книги); идейное содержание; мысли, взгляды ( писателя)

    the message of the book - идея /идейное содержание/ книги

    the writer's message to his age - идеи, которые писатель проповедует /передаёт/ своим современникам

    2. [ʹmesıdʒ] v редк.
    1. посылать сообщение, донесение
    2. передавать сигналами, сигнализировать
    3. телеграфировать
    II [ʹmesıdʒ] n биол.

    НБАРС > message

  • 78 to

    1. tə,tu preposition
    1) (towards; in the direction of: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.) til, mot, på
    2) (as far as: His story is a lie from beginning to end.) til
    3) (until: Did you stay to the end of the concert?) til
    4) (sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.) til, med
    5) (used in expressing various relations: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.) på, til
    6) (into a particular state or condition: She tore the letter to pieces.) i
    7) (used in expressing comparison or proportion: He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2.) sammenliknet med; til, mot
    8) (showing the purpose or result of an action etc: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.) til
    9) (tə used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions: I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him.) for å (kunne)
    10) (used instead of a complete infinitive: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.)
    2. tu: adverb
    1) (into a closed or almost closed position: He pulled/pushed the door to.) igjen
    2) (used in phrasal verbs and compounds: He came to (= regained consciousness).) til (bevissthet), (sette) i gang
    •
    for
    --------
    til
    --------
    å
    I
    adv. \/tuː\/
    1) igjen, lukket
    2) vendt fremover
    3) ( sjøfart) opp til vinden
    4) (hverdagslig, om hest) spent for
    II
    prep. tsterk: \/tuː\/, trykksva \/, foran vokal: \/tʊ\/, foran konsonant: \/tə, t\/
    1) (om bevegelse, overgang eller retning) til, mot
    2) ( om plassering) til
    • what happened to them?
    4) ( om den personen eller tingen som berøres) til, mot, for, på, hos
    • what did he say to you?
    • a toast to the President!
    • here's to you!
    5) ( om en mottaker) til, mot, for
    • to whom did you give it?
    • give the book to him!
    6) ( om forholdet mellom personer eller ting) til, med, for, ved, overfor
    han er sekretær ved\/for den britiske legasjonen
    • do you have a key to the door?
    • have you found the solution to the problem?
    8) ( om reaksjon) til, etter
    • to my surprise, she started to cry
    • to my thinking, the reaction was correct
    • what do you say to a nice beefsteak?
    9) ( i sammenligninger) mot, i forhold til, sammenlignet med, i, enn
    • ten to one he'll do it!
    10) ( i uttrykk med mengde) på, i, mot
    be equal to the situation være situasjonen voksen
    take somebody to witness ta noen til vitne
    tell somebody something to his\/her face si noen noe rett opp i ansiktet
    testify to vitne om bevitne, attestere, bekrefte bære vitnesbyrd om
    to a hair ( om likhet) på en prikk, på håret
    to a man eller all to a man eller to the last man alle, hver eneste en, til siste mann
    to it (again)! sett i gang (igjen), friskt mot!
    to one's heart's content av hjertens lyst så mye man vil
    to the day på dagen
    what is that to you? hva angår det deg?, hva betyr det for deg?
    would to God that... Gud gi at...
    III
    subjunksjon \/tuː\/
    1) å
    når man hører ham snakke, skulle man tro at han hadde problemer
    2) for å, til å
    3) for å, til å, etter å, over å
    • we didn't want to go, but we had to
    vi ville ikke gå, men vi måtte (gjøre det)
    • they asked me to come, but I haven't time to
    de bad meg om å komme, men det har jeg ikke tid til
    be to skulle, være bestemt til
    in order to for å
    so as to for (på den måten) å

    English-Norwegian dictionary > to

  • 79 abuso

    m.
    1 scandal, sin.
    2 abuse, bad use, misuse.
    3 abusive act, abuse.
    pres.indicat.
    1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: abusar.
    * * *
    1 abuse, misuse
    2 (injusticia) injustice
    \
    abuso de confianza betrayal of trust, breach of faith
    abusos deshonestos indecent assault sing
    * * *
    noun m.
    * * *
    SM
    1) (=extralimitación) [de privilegios, cargo, fondos] abuse

    cuando hay abuso de amistad — when unfair demands are made on friendship, when there are impositions made on friendship

    abuso de confianza — (Pol, Econ) breach of trust, betrayal of trust

    2) (=uso excesivo) [de tabaco, drogas] abuse; [de disolventes, pesticidas] overuse

    había un abuso de adjetivos en el texto — there was too much o excessive use of adjectives in the text

    3) (tb: abuso sexual) sexual abuse
    * * *
    a) ( uso excesivo) abuse
    b) (de hospitalidad, generosidad)
    c) ( injusticia) outrage
    * * *
    = abuse, encroachment, breach, indulgence, mistreatment, daylight robbery.
    Ex. I believe that the emphasis on abuse of title entry in the name of speeding up cataloging is not the question of a title entry versus other entries, it is the question of simplification.
    Ex. It is really up to us to decide whether or not we can sustain that entity against the challenges and the encroachments that threaten it.
    Ex. The key is through controls, which must be built in so that breaches are detected.
    Ex. This information method allows for the creation of mechanical systems that combine looseness with indulgence.
    Ex. Centuries of mistreatment and bad handling, together with the environmental conditions have contributed greatly to the poor condition of the manuscripts.
    Ex. Health-care price hike is daylight robbery.
    ----
    * abuso de confianza = betrayal of trust, breach of trust.
    * abuso de información confidencial = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * abuso de información privilegiada = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * abuso del alcohol = alcohol abuse.
    * abuso de las drogas = drug abuse.
    * abuso de menores = child abuse.
    * abuso de poder = abuse of power.
    * abuso de sustancias nocivas = substance abuse.
    * abuso emocional = emotional abuse.
    * abuso físico = personal abuse, physical abuse.
    * abusos = overindulgence.
    * abuso sexual = sexual abuse, molestation.
    * abuso sicológico = psychological abuse.
    * abuso verbal = verbal abuse.
    * * *
    a) ( uso excesivo) abuse
    b) (de hospitalidad, generosidad)
    c) ( injusticia) outrage
    * * *
    = abuse, encroachment, breach, indulgence, mistreatment, daylight robbery.

    Ex: I believe that the emphasis on abuse of title entry in the name of speeding up cataloging is not the question of a title entry versus other entries, it is the question of simplification.

    Ex: It is really up to us to decide whether or not we can sustain that entity against the challenges and the encroachments that threaten it.
    Ex: The key is through controls, which must be built in so that breaches are detected.
    Ex: This information method allows for the creation of mechanical systems that combine looseness with indulgence.
    Ex: Centuries of mistreatment and bad handling, together with the environmental conditions have contributed greatly to the poor condition of the manuscripts.
    Ex: Health-care price hike is daylight robbery.
    * abuso de confianza = betrayal of trust, breach of trust.
    * abuso de información confidencial = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * abuso de información privilegiada = insider trading, insider dealing.
    * abuso del alcohol = alcohol abuse.
    * abuso de las drogas = drug abuse.
    * abuso de menores = child abuse.
    * abuso de poder = abuse of power.
    * abuso de sustancias nocivas = substance abuse.
    * abuso emocional = emotional abuse.
    * abuso físico = personal abuse, physical abuse.
    * abusos = overindulgence.
    * abuso sexual = sexual abuse, molestation.
    * abuso sicológico = psychological abuse.
    * abuso verbal = verbal abuse.

    * * *
    el abuso en la bebida alcohol abuse
    se ha hecho uso y abuso de esta metáfora this metaphor has been used time and again
    2 (injusticia) outrage
    es un abuso que nos traten así it's outrageous o an outrage that we should be treated in this way
    Compuestos:
    masculine abuse of authority
    masculine ( Der) breach of trust o confidence
    ¡qué abuso de confianza! ( fam); what a nerve! ( colloq)
    mpl indecent assault
    sexual o sex abuse
    masculine child abuse
    para prevenir el abuso sexual infantil to prevent child abuse, to prevent children being sexually abused
    * * *

    Del verbo abusar: ( conjugate abusar)

    abuso es:

    1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

    abusó es:

    3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

    Multiple Entries:
    abusar    
    abuso
    abusar ( conjugate abusar) verbo intransitivo
    1


    abuso de algo ‹de autoridad/posición/generosidad› to abuse sth;
    no quisiera abuso de su amabilidad I don't want to impose (on you);
    abuso de algn ‹de padres/amigo› to take advantage of sb
    b) ( sexualmente) abuso de algn to sexually abuse sb

    2 ( usar en exceso):

    no se debe abuso del alcohol alcohol should be drunk in moderation
    abuso sustantivo masculino


    el abuso en la bebida excessive drinking;
    abusos deshonestos indecent assault;
    abuso sexual infantil child abuse
    b) (de hospitalidad, generosidad):


    ¡qué abuso de confianza! (fam) what a nerve! (colloq)

    ◊ ¡esto es un abuso! this is outrageous!;

    prestarse a abusos to lay itself open to abuse
    abusar verbo intransitivo
    1 (aprovecharse de) to take (unfair) advantage of: su familia abusa de su bondad, her family take advantage of her kindness
    (del poder, de la autoridad, etc) to abuse
    2 (consumir en exceso) abusar del alcohol, to drink too much o to excess
    3 Jur (de un menor, de una mujer) to abuse
    4 familiar ¡no abuses de mi paciencia!, don't try my patience
    abuso sustantivo masculino abuse
    abuso de confianza, abuse of trust
    abuso de poder, abuse of power
    abuso sexual, sexual abuse
    ' abuso' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    atropello
    - denunciar
    - levantarse
    - acabar
    - desmán
    - terminar
    English:
    abuse
    - breach
    - imposition
    - malpractice
    - mistreatment
    - misuse
    * * *
    abuso nm
    1. [uso excesivo] abuse (de of)
    abuso de autoridad abuse of authority;
    abuso de confianza breach of confidence;
    Der abusos deshonestos indecent assault;
    abuso de poder abuse of power;
    Com abuso de posición dominante abuse of a dominant position;
    abusos sexuales sexual abuse
    2. [atropello] scandal, outrage;
    ¡esto es un abuso! this is outrageous!
    * * *
    m abuse;
    estos precios son un abuso these prices are outrageous o an outrage
    * * *
    abuso nm
    1) : abuse
    2) : injustice, outrage
    * * *
    abuso n abuse

    Spanish-English dictionary > abuso

  • 80 calidad

    f.
    1 quality.
    la relación calidad-precio value (for money)
    calidad de imagen image quality
    calidad de vida quality of life
    2 class.
    3 nature.
    * * *
    1 quality
    2 (cualidad) kind, types
    3 (condición) rank, capacity
    \
    de primera calidad first-class
    calidad de vida quality of life
    * * *
    noun f.
    1) quality, grade
    2) position, status
    * * *
    SF
    1) [de objeto, material, producto] quality; [de servicio] quality, standard

    han mejorado la calidad de la enseñanza — they have improved the quality o standard of education, they have raised standards in education

    de (buena) calidad — good-quality, quality antes de s

    fruta de (buena) calidad — good-quality fruit, quality fruit

    de mala calidad — low-quality, poor-quality

    2) (=condición) position, status

    su calidad de presidente se lo prohíbe — his position o status as president prohibits him from doing so

    en calidad de: te lo digo en calidad de amigo — I'm telling you as a friend

    3) (Inform)

    calidad de borrador — draft quality, draft

    calidad de carta, calidad de correspondencia — letter quality

    * * *
    1) (de producto, servicio) quality

    productos de mala or baja calidad — poor-quality products

    2) ( condición) status

    en calidad de — (frml) as

    * * *
    = excellence, quality, calibre [caliber, -USA], standard.
    Ex. The limits are set by the graininess of the film, the excellence of the optical system, and the efficiency of the light sources employed.
    Ex. The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.
    Ex. The calibre of the librarian is a medical library's most important resource.
    Ex. The overall standard of the book stock in particular is causing considerable concern to customers.
    ----
    * bajar la calidad = lower + standards.
    * basado en la calidad = quality-oriented.
    * buena calidad = goodness.
    * buena relación calidad-precio = value for money.
    * calidad de la encuadernación = binding quality.
    * calidad de la imagen = picture quality.
    * calidad del aire = air quality.
    * calidad de los servicios = service quality.
    * calidad del papel = paper quality.
    * calidad del servicio = service quality.
    * calidad del sonido = sound quality.
    * calidad de vida = quality of life.
    * calidad en el servicio = quality performance, performance quality.
    * calidad y alcance de, la = quality and extent of, the.
    * condiciones laborales de calidad = quality of work life (QWL).
    * con garantías de calidad = quality assured.
    * controlador de calidad = tester.
    * control de calidad = quality assurance (QA), quality control.
    * dar calidad = deliver + value.
    * de alta calidad = high-quality.
    * de baja calidad = poor in detail, low-grade [lowgrade], low-quality, third rate [third-rate], low-end, trashy [trashier -comp., trashiest -sup.].
    * de bajísima calidad = shoddy.
    * de buena calidad = good-quality.
    * de calidad = authoritative, qualitative, quality, well-made, high-end, quality assured, value-added.
    * de calidad inferior = low-grade [lowgrade], substandard [sub-standard], low-end.
    * de calidad superior = best-quality, top quality.
    * de deficiente calidad = poor-quality, of poor quality.
    * de gran calidad = high-grade [high grade], high-calibre.
    * de inferior calidad = low-end, sub-par.
    * de mala calidad = shabby [shabbier -comp., shabbiest -sup.].
    * de mediana calidad = in the middle range, medium-quality.
    * de primera calidad = premium, premier.
    * de primerísima calidad = top of the line, top-of-the-range.
    * desde el punto de vista de la calidad = on quality grounds.
    * de segunda calidad = second-quality, second-best [2nd-best].
    * disminución de la calidad = lowering of standards.
    * escribir en calidad de negro = ghost.
    * evaluación de la calidad = quality assessment.
    * garantía de calidad = quality assurance (QA).
    * gestión de calidad total = total quality management (TQM).
    * gran calidad = high standard.
    * índice de calidad del aire = air quality index.
    * la calidad es nuestro lema = quality is our middle name.
    * mala calidad = badness.
    * mejorar la calidad = raise + standard, raise + quality.
    * mejorar la calidad de vida = improve + living standards, raise + living standards.
    * mejorar + Posesivo + calidad de vida = raise + Posesivo + quality of living.
    * mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.
    * que mejora la calidad de vida = life-enhancing.
    * relación calidad-precio = price-performance ratio.
    * sello de calidad = stamp of quality.
    * ser de calidad = be up to snuff, be up to scratch.
    * tiempo de calidad = quality time.
    * trabajo de calidad = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].
    * * *
    1) (de producto, servicio) quality

    productos de mala or baja calidad — poor-quality products

    2) ( condición) status

    en calidad de — (frml) as

    * * *
    = excellence, quality, calibre [caliber, -USA], standard.

    Ex: The limits are set by the graininess of the film, the excellence of the optical system, and the efficiency of the light sources employed.

    Ex: The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.
    Ex: The calibre of the librarian is a medical library's most important resource.
    Ex: The overall standard of the book stock in particular is causing considerable concern to customers.
    * bajar la calidad = lower + standards.
    * basado en la calidad = quality-oriented.
    * buena calidad = goodness.
    * buena relación calidad-precio = value for money.
    * calidad de la encuadernación = binding quality.
    * calidad de la imagen = picture quality.
    * calidad del aire = air quality.
    * calidad de los servicios = service quality.
    * calidad del papel = paper quality.
    * calidad del servicio = service quality.
    * calidad del sonido = sound quality.
    * calidad de vida = quality of life.
    * calidad en el servicio = quality performance, performance quality.
    * calidad y alcance de, la = quality and extent of, the.
    * condiciones laborales de calidad = quality of work life (QWL).
    * con garantías de calidad = quality assured.
    * controlador de calidad = tester.
    * control de calidad = quality assurance (QA), quality control.
    * dar calidad = deliver + value.
    * de alta calidad = high-quality.
    * de baja calidad = poor in detail, low-grade [lowgrade], low-quality, third rate [third-rate], low-end, trashy [trashier -comp., trashiest -sup.].
    * de bajísima calidad = shoddy.
    * de buena calidad = good-quality.
    * de calidad = authoritative, qualitative, quality, well-made, high-end, quality assured, value-added.
    * de calidad inferior = low-grade [lowgrade], substandard [sub-standard], low-end.
    * de calidad superior = best-quality, top quality.
    * de deficiente calidad = poor-quality, of poor quality.
    * de gran calidad = high-grade [high grade], high-calibre.
    * de inferior calidad = low-end, sub-par.
    * de mala calidad = shabby [shabbier -comp., shabbiest -sup.].
    * de mediana calidad = in the middle range, medium-quality.
    * de primera calidad = premium, premier.
    * de primerísima calidad = top of the line, top-of-the-range.
    * desde el punto de vista de la calidad = on quality grounds.
    * de segunda calidad = second-quality, second-best [2nd-best].
    * disminución de la calidad = lowering of standards.
    * escribir en calidad de negro = ghost.
    * evaluación de la calidad = quality assessment.
    * garantía de calidad = quality assurance (QA).
    * gestión de calidad total = total quality management (TQM).
    * gran calidad = high standard.
    * índice de calidad del aire = air quality index.
    * la calidad es nuestro lema = quality is our middle name.
    * mala calidad = badness.
    * mejorar la calidad = raise + standard, raise + quality.
    * mejorar la calidad de vida = improve + living standards, raise + living standards.
    * mejorar + Posesivo + calidad de vida = raise + Posesivo + quality of living.
    * mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.
    * que mejora la calidad de vida = life-enhancing.
    * relación calidad-precio = price-performance ratio.
    * sello de calidad = stamp of quality.
    * ser de calidad = be up to snuff, be up to scratch.
    * tiempo de calidad = quality time.
    * trabajo de calidad = best practices, lessons learned [lessons learnt].

    * * *
    A (de un producto, servicio) quality
    un artículo de primera calidad a top-quality product
    control de calidad quality control
    es una obra de calidad it is a work of high quality
    Compuesto:
    quality of life
    B (condición) status
    los documentos que certifiquen su calidad de estudiante the documents that prove you are a student o that prove your student status
    en calidad de ( frml): asistió a la reunión en calidad de observador he attended the meeting as an observer
    en su calidad de presidente electo in his capacity as president elect
    el dinero que recibió en calidad de préstamo the money he received as a loan
    * * *

     

    calidad sustantivo femenino
    1 (de producto, servicio) quality;

    productos de mala calidad poor-quality products;
    calidad de vida quality of life
    2 ( condición):

    en su calidad de presidente in his capacity as president
    calidad sustantivo femenino quality
    ♦ Locuciones: de calidad, high quality
    de mala calidad, poor quality
    de primera calidad, first-class
    en calidad de, as: asistió al juicio en calidad de testigo, he appeared at the trial as a witness
    ' calidad' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    categoría
    - como
    - concepto
    - condición
    - control
    - cutre
    - desastre
    - excepcional
    - extra
    - fina
    - fino
    - gratuidad
    - grosera
    - grosero
    - índice
    - inferior
    - ínfima
    - ínfimo
    - inigualable
    - lindeza
    - lisura
    - media
    - mediana
    - mediano
    - medio
    - primera
    - primero
    - proporción
    - santidad
    - singularidad
    - telebasura
    - test
    - timo
    - tintorro
    - voto
    - acreditar
    - alto
    - bajar
    - bajo
    - bien
    - competir
    - de
    - decaer
    - degradar
    - desigual
    - elevado
    - insuperable
    - intermedio
    - ir
    - loza
    English:
    absence
    - adequate
    - appalling
    - capacity
    - decline
    - dodgy
    - excellence
    - fine
    - grade
    - high-end
    - letter-quality
    - membership
    - money
    - order
    - par
    - passable
    - pathetic
    - poor
    - prime
    - produce
    - property
    - quality
    - quality control
    - raise
    - ropey
    - ropy
    - second-class
    - shoddiness
    - shoddy
    - slip
    - standard
    - substandard
    - superior
    - third-rate
    - top
    - touch
    - trashy
    - unbeatable
    - uneven
    - up to
    - value
    - variable
    - world-class
    - advisory
    - high-
    - high
    - inferior
    - low
    - second
    * * *
    1. [de producto, servicio] quality;
    una casa de calidad a luxury house;
    una edición de calidad a deluxe edition;
    un género de (buena) calidad a quality product;
    de primerísima calidad highest quality;
    una buena relación calidad-precio good value (for money)
    Informát calidad borrador draft quality;
    calidad de imagen image quality;
    calidad de vida quality of life
    2. [clase] class
    3. [condición]
    me lo dijo en calidad de amigo he told me as a friend;
    acudió en calidad de testigo he was present as a witness;
    fue contratado en calidad de experto jurídico he was employed as a legal expert;
    no le revisan el equipaje por su calidad de diplomático his luggage isn't searched due to his diplomatic status
    * * *
    f
    1 quality;
    de primera calidad top-quality atr ;
    de calidad inferior, de baja calidad poor-quality atr ;
    de calidad superior superior-quality atr, high-quality atr
    2
    :
    * * *
    1) : quality, grade
    2) : position, status
    3)
    en calidad de : as, in the capacity of
    * * *
    calidad n quality [pl. qualities]

    Spanish-English dictionary > calidad

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