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1 revščina
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2 bě̄dìti
bě̄dìti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: cPage in Trubačev: II 56-57Old Church Slavic:běditi `force, persuade' [verb], běždǫ [1sg]Russian:bedít' (dial.) `spoil, vex' [verb]Czech:bíditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty, (se) torment oneself, suffer' [verb];běditi (Jungmann, Kott) `reduce to poverty' [verb];bídit se (dial.) `live in poverty' [verb]Slovak:biedit́ `live in poverty' [verb]Old Polish:biedzić `struggle' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:bijèditi `slander' [verb], bȉjedīm [1sg]Bulgarian:bedjá `accuse' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰoidʰ-eie-IE meaning: forceCertainty: +Page in Pokorny: 117Comments: It is very unlikely that Slavic *běditi `force' and Go. baidjan `id.' belong to different roots. Stang even includes these words in his "Sonderübereinstimmungen" (1972: 14). The meaning `persuade' is another indication that we are dealing with PIE *bʰoidʰ-. The question is whether denominative *běditi `reduce to poverty, live in poverty' ultimately continues a different root (see *bē̌dà).Other cognates: -
3 nùdja
nùdja; nǫ̀dja Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `need'Page in Trubačev: XXVI 37-39Old Church Slavic:nǫžda `force, necessity, suffering' [f jā];Russian:núža (dial., arch.) `need, necessity' [f ā]Czech:Old Czech:núže `difficult situation, torment, need' [f jā]Slovak:núdza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]Polish:nędza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]Serbo-Croatian:nȕžda `poverty' [f jā]Slovene:núja `necessity, need' [f jā]Bulgarian:núžda `need, poverty' [f jā]Lithuanian:naudà `use' [f ā] 3Old Prussian:nautin `need'Indo-European reconstruction: nouH-dʰ-i-eh₂Page in Pokorny: 756Other cognates:Notes: -
4 nǫ̀dja
nùdja; nǫ̀dja Grammatical information: f. jā Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `need'Page in Trubačev: XXVI 37-39Old Church Slavic:nǫžda `force, necessity, suffering' [f jā];Russian:núža (dial., arch.) `need, necessity' [f ā]Czech:Old Czech:núže `difficult situation, torment, need' [f jā]Slovak:núdza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]Polish:nędza `poverty, need, torment' [f jā]Serbo-Croatian:nȕžda `poverty' [f jā]Slovene:núja `necessity, need' [f jā]Bulgarian:núžda `need, poverty' [f jā]Lithuanian:naudà `use' [f ā] 3Old Prussian:nautin `need'Indo-European reconstruction: nouH-dʰ-i-eh₂Page in Pokorny: 756Other cognates:Notes: -
5 bě̄dà
bě̄dà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `need, poverty, misery'Page in Trubačev: II 54-56Old Church Slavic:běda `distress, need, necessity' [f ā]Russian:bedá `misfortune, trouble' [f ā]Czech:bída `poverty, misery' [f ā];běda `woe!' [interj]Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Upper Sorbian:běda `grief, woe, misery' [f ā]Lower Sorbian:běda `grief, pain' [f ā]Serbo-Croatian:bijèda `grief, misfortune' [f ā]Slovene:bẹ́da `misery' [f ā]Bulgarian:bedá `misfortune, misery' [f ā]IE meaning: forceCertainty: +Page in Pokorny: 117Comments: According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds.Other cognates:Alb. be `oath' [f] \{2\}Notes:\{1\} The vocalism of Modern Polish bieda `id.' is of Mazowian origin, cf. biada `woe!'. \{2\} According to Būga (RR I: 345-346), Lith. bėdà 4 `misfortune, trouble, guilt' is probably not a borrowing from Slavic because it has ė instead of the expected ie (cf. biẽdnas `poor'). Indeed, there seems to be no obvious reason why bėdà and Latv. bę̀da `sorrow, grief, distress' should not be old. These words could be connected with bãdas `hunger' and Skt. bā́dhate `oppress' (Būga l.c., Derksen 1996: 258). However, a dilemma arises if we consider that Slavic běditi `force, persuade' cannot be separated from Go. baidjan `force'. We must either declare the Baltic forms borrowings or assume that in Slavic *běd- < *bhoidh- and *běd- < *bʰēdʰ- were contaminated (cf. Anikin 1998: 39). In the latter case OCS běda `distress' and `necessity' would continue different roots. This is a possibility which cannot be excluded. The hypothesis that Lith. baidýti `to scare' < *bʰiH- `to fear' is cognate with *bē̌dà and *běditi (cf. Trubačëv II: 55-56) must be rejected, if only on formal grounds. \{3\} Demiraj prefers *bʰeidʰ-i-s to an ā-stem (1997: 94). -
6 nìščь
nìščь Grammatical information: adj. jo Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `poor, destitute'Page in Trubačev: XXV 123Old Church Slavic:Russian:níščij `destitute, poverty-stricken, (dial.) thin, ill' [adj jo]Old Russian:Ukrainian:nýščyj `destitute, poverty-stricken' [adj jo]Serbo-Croatian:nȉšt `poor, destitute' [adj jo];Slovene:nȉšt `poor, destitute' [adj jo];Bulgarian: -
7 golota
golota Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `nakedness'Page in Trubačev: VI 213-214Russian:golotá (dial.) `the poor' [f ā]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:golòta `nakedness' [f ā]Slovene:golọ̑ta `nakedness' [f ā]Bulgarian:golotá `nakedness' [f ā]Indo-European reconstruction: golH- -
8 nebogъ
nebogъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `poor, unfortunate'Page in Trubačev: XXIV 104-105Old Church Slavic:Czech:nebohý `poor, late (deceased)' [adj o]Slovak:nebohý (dial.) `poor, dead, late (deceased)' [adj o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:nèbōg `poor, unfortunate' [adj o]Slovene:nebọ̑g `poor, miserable' [adj o]
См. также в других словарях:
Poverty — • Discusses poverty as a concept and canonical discipline Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Poverty Poverty † … Catholic encyclopedia
Poverty — Pov er*ty (p[o^]v [ e]r*t[y^]), n. [OE. poverte, OF. povert[ e], F. pauvret[ e], fr. L. paupertas, fr. pauper poor. See {Poor}.] 1. The quality or state of being poor or indigent; want or scarcity of means of subsistence; indigence; need. Swathed … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
poverty — pov‧er‧ty [ˈpɒvəti ǁ ˈpɑːvərti] noun [uncountable] 1. the situation or experience of being poor: • 86% of the population lives in poverty. • a major anti poverty initiative 2. the poverty line the income below which people are officially… … Financial and business terms
poverty — poverty, indigence, penury, want, destitution, privation all denote the state of one who is poor or without enough to live upon. Poverty, the most comprehensive of these terms, typically implies such deficiency of resources that one is deprived… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
poverty — [päv′ər tē] n. [ME poverte < OFr povreté < L paupertas < pauper, POOR] 1. the condition or quality of being poor; indigence; need 2. deficiency in necessary properties or desirable qualities, or in a specific quality, etc.; inadequacy… … English World dictionary
poverty — late 12c., from O.Fr. poverte, from L. paupertatem (nom. paupertas) poverty, from pauper (see POOR (Cf. poor)). Seeing so much poverty everywhere makes me think that God is not rich. He gives the appearance of it, but I suspect some financial… … Etymology dictionary
poverty — poverty, poorness Poverty is the usual noun corresponding to poor in its meanings to do with lack of wealth or lack of things regarded like wealth (e.g. poverty of inspiration). Poorness is not often used and is more usual in meanings to do with… … Modern English usage
poverty — I noun absence, bare subsistence, beggarliness, beggary, dearth, deficiency, deficit, depletion, destitution, difficulty, distress, embarrassed circumstances, exigency, famine, humbleness, impecuniosity, impecuniousness, impoverishment, indigence … Law dictionary
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poverty — ► NOUN 1) the state of being extremely poor. 2) the state of being insufficient in amount. ORIGIN Old French poverte, from Latin pauper poor … English terms dictionary
Poverty — Street children sleeping in Mulberry Street – Jacob Riis photo New York, United States (1890) Poverty is the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money.[1] Absolute poverty or destitution is inability to afford … Wikipedia