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1 инвазия посевов сельскохозяйственных культур
инвазия посевов сельскохозяйственных культур
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
infestation of crops
Invasion of crop by parasites. Among vertebrate animals, many crop pests are mammals, especially in the order of rodents and birds. Among invertebrates, certain species of gastropods and a large number of roundworms from the class of nematodes harm crops. The most varied and numerous species of crop pests are arthropods-insects, arachnids and some species of millipedes and crustaceans. Diseases vary from viral, bacterial, and nutritional to fungal, environmental and non-specific. The FAO has estimated that annual worldwide losses done by plant pests and diseases amount to approximately 20-25% of the potential worldwide yield of food crops. (Source: RRDA / WPR)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > инвазия посевов сельскохозяйственных культур
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2 защита посевов
защита посевов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
crop protection
The problem of crop protection has changed dramatically since 1945. There is now a whole arsenal of chemicals with which to combat agricultural pests and diseases, but this development has itself many drawbacks. Such sophisticated techniques are available only to a minority of farmers; in most parts of the world the standard of crop protection remains abysmally low. In addition, modern crop protection methods have been criticized for relying too heavily on chemical control. Biological controls, both natural and contrived, have been neglected. In some cases involving misuse of agricultural chemicals, crops must be protected from the very measures intended for their protection. Meanwhile previously localized pests and diseases continue to spread worldwide. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > защита посевов
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3 таракан
таракан
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cockroach
The most primitive of the living winged insects. It is thought they have been unchanged for more than 300 million years, and are among the oldest fossil insects. Cockroaches are usually found in tropical climates, but a few species, out of the total 3.500 known species, have become pests. They are common household pests in many countries, imported by ship and carried home in grocery bags. Cockroaches eat plant and animal products, including food, paper, clothing and soiled hospital waste, fouling everything they touch with their droppings and unpleasant odour, to which many people are allergic. They are a major health hazard and carry harmful bacteria, protozoan parasites and faunal pathogens, including those that cause typhoid, leprosy and salmonella. Conventional insecticides make little or no impact on the cockroaches population. (Source: WRIGHT / WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > таракан
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4 агрохимикат
агрохимикат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
agrochemical
Any substance or mixture of substances used or intended to be used for preventing, destroying, repelling, attracting, inhibiting, or controlling any insects, rodents, birds, nematodes, bacteria, fungi, weeds or other forms of plant, animal or microbial life regarded as pests. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > агрохимикат
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5 борьба с вредителями химическими методами
борьба с вредителями химическими методами
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
chemical pest control
Control of plants and animals classified as pests by means of chemical compounds. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > борьба с вредителями химическими методами
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6 воздействие сельскохозяйственной деятельности на окружающую среду
воздействие сельскохозяйственной деятельности на окружающую среду
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
environmental impact of agriculture
Agricultural activities have significant impacts on water quality, including increases in stream sedimentation from erosion, and increases in nutrients, pesticides, and salt concentrations in runoff. In certain regions, the misuse of pesticides has led to the development of pesticide-resistant strains of pests, destroyed natural predators, killed local wildlife, and contaminated human water supplies. Improper application of fertilizers has changed the types of vegetation and fish types inhabiting nearby waterways and rivers. (Source: RAU / WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздействие сельскохозяйственной деятельности на окружающую среду
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7 защита лесов
защита лесов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest protection
Branch of forestry concerned with the prevention and control of damage to forests arising from the action of people or livestock, of pests and abiotic agents. (Source: DUNSTE)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > защита лесов
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8 иммунитет растения к вредителям
иммунитет растения к вредителям
Невосприимчивость растения к повреждению его вредителями.
[ ГОСТ 21507-81]Тематики
Обобщающие термины
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > иммунитет растения к вредителям
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9 истощение лесных ресурсов
истощение лесных ресурсов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest deterioration
Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > истощение лесных ресурсов
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10 клещ
клещ
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
mite
An order of small Arachnida with rounded bodies. Mites are very abundant in the soil, feeding on plant material and invertebrate animals. Some parasitic mites (e.g. red spider) damage crops and can be serious pests. Others cause diseases in animals. Ticks are blood-suckers, some being vectors of diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever in humans and fowls, and louping ill in cattle and sheep. (Source: ALL)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > клещ
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11 контроль за вредителями
контроль за вредителями
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
pest control
Keeping down the number of pests by killing them or preventing them from attacking. (Source: PHC)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > контроль за вредителями
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12 метаболизм пестицидов
метаболизм пестицидов
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
metabolism of pesticides
The sum of chemical reactions, including both synthesis and breakdown, that occurs in substances or mixtures intended to prevent, destroy or mitigate pests that are directly or indirectly detrimental to harvest crops and other humans interests. (Source: SOI / TOE / IPC / DOE)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > метаболизм пестицидов
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13 облучение продуктов питания
облучение продуктов питания
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
food irradiation
The most recent addition to food preservation technologies is the use of ionizing radiation, which has some distinct advantages over conventional methods. With irradiation, foods can be treated after packaging, thus eliminating post-processing contamination. In addition, foods are preserved in a fresh state and can be kept longer without noticeable loss of quality. Food irradiation leaves no residues, and changes in nutritional value due to irradiation are comparable with those produced by other processes. Irradiation is the process of applying high energy to a material, such as food, to sterilize or extend its shelf-life by killing microorganisms, insects and other pests residing on it. Sources of ionizing radiation that have been used include gamma rays, electron beams and X-rays. Gamma rays are produced by radioactive isotopes such as Cobalt-60. Electron beams are produced by linear accelerators, which themselves are powered by electricity. The dose applied to a product is the most important factor of the process. At high doses, food is essentially sterilized, just as occurs in canning. Products so treated can be stored at room temperature almost indefinitely. Controversial and banned in some countries. (Source: IFSE / VCN)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > облучение продуктов питания
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14 ущерб, нанесенный лесам
ущерб, нанесенный лесам
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
forest damage
Reduction of tree population in forests caused by acidic precipitation, forest fires, air pollution, deforestation, pests and diseases of trees, wildlife, etc. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ущерб, нанесенный лесам
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15 ущерб, нанесенный полям
ущерб, нанесенный полям
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
field damage
A decline in the productivity of an area of land or in its ability to support natural ecosystems or types of agriculture. Degradation may be caused by a variety of factors, including inappropriate land management techniques, soil erosion, salinity, flooding, clearing, pests, pollution, climatic factors, or progressive urbanization. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ущерб, нанесенный полям
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grains damaged by pests — kenkėjų pažeisti grūdai statusas Aprobuotas sritis grūdinių augalų auginimas apibrėžtis Grūdai, turintys matomų vabzdžių, graužikų, erkių ir (ar) kitų kenkėjų pažaidų. nuoroda http://www3.lrs.lt/pls/inter3/dokpaieska.dok priedas?p id=7392… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
consignment free from pests (place of production) — kenksmingaisiais organizmais neužkrėstas krovinys, laukas ar gamybos vieta statusas Aprobuotas sritis augalų apsauga ir karantino priemonės apibrėžtis Krovinys, laukas ar gamybos vieta, kur fitosanitarinių procedūrų metu nebuvo aptikta… … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)
forest pests — miško kenkėjai statusas Aprobuotas sritis miškų ūkis apibrėžtis Organizmai (mikroorganizmai, bestuburiai arba stuburiniai gyvūnai), kenkiantys miško medžiams, mažinantys jų prieaugį, bloginantys jų kokybę ir darantys nuostolius. atitikmenys: angl … Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)