inferior

fēlix, īcis (abl. felici, except Cic. Or. 48, 159; and as nom. prop., v. II. B. 2. infra), adj. [from root feo, fevo, to bear, produce, Gr. phuô; cf.: fio, femina; whence fetus, fecundus, femina, fenus], fruit-bearing, fruitful, fertile, productive.

Lit. (rare; not in Cic.): felices arbores Cato dixit, quae fructum ferunt, infelices quae non ferunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 10 Müll.; cf. Fronto Ep. ad Amic. 2, 6 ed. Mai.; so,

arbor,

Liv. 5, 24, 2:

arbusta,

Lucr. 5, 1378:

rami,

Verg. G. 2, 81; so,

rami feliciores,

Hor. Epod. 2, 14:

silvae,

i. e. of fruitful trees, Verg. G. 4, 329:

Massica Baccho,

fruitful in vines, id. A. 7, 725; cf.

Campania,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 60:

felicior regio,

Ov. P. 2, 10, 51; cf.:

felix oleae tractus,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 179:

venti,

Val. Fl. 6, 711.—

In partic.

In the old relig. lang.: felices arbores, all the nobler sorts of trees, whose fruits were offered to the superior deities, in contradistinction to the infelices, which were dedicated to the inferior deities, Macr. S. 2, 16, 2.—

Felix, as an adj. propr. in Arabia Felix, the fertile portion of Arabia, opp. Arabia Deserta and Petraea; v. Arabia.—

Transf.

Act., that brings good luck, of good omen, auspicious, favorable, propitious, fortunate, prosperous, felicitous (orig. belonging to the relig. lang.; in the class. per. almost confined to poets;

syn.: faustus, fortunatus, beatus, secundus): quae (omina) majores nostri quia valere censebant, idcirco omnibus rebus agendis: QVOD BONVM FAVSTVM FELIX FORTVNATVMQVE ESSET praefabantur,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102; so, QVOD BONVM FORTVNATVM FELIXQVE SALVTAREQVE SIET POPVLO ROMANO QVIRITIVM, etc., an old formula in Varr. L. L. 6, § 86; cf.

also: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix fortunataque eveniat,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3:

quod tibi mihique sit felix, sub imperium tuum redeo,

Liv. 22, 30, 4:

auspicia,

Verg. A. 11, 32; cf.

omen,

Ov. P. 2, 1, 35:

o dea... Sis felix, nostrum leves, quaecumque, laborem,

Verg. A. 1, 330; cf.:

sis bonus o felixque tuis!

id. E. 5, 65:

terque novas circum felix eat hostia fruges,

id. G. 1, 345:

Zephyri,

id. A. 3, 120:

sententia,

Ov. M. 13, 319:

industria (corresp. to fertilis cura),

Plin. H. N. 14 praef. § 3.—

Lucky, happy, fortunate (the predom. signif. in prose and poetry):

exitus ut classi felix faustusque daretur,

Lucr. 1, 100:

Polycratem Samium felicem appellabant,

Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92:

Caesar Alexandriam se recepit, felix, ut sibi quidem videbatur,

id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 59:

vir ad casum fortunamque felix,

id. Font. 15, 33:

ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

id. Brut. 16, 63:

Sulla felicissimus omnium ante civilem victoriam,

Sall. J. 95, 4:

in te retinendo fuit Asia felicior quam nos in deducendo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 30; cf.:

quin etiam si minus felices in diligendo fuissemus,

id. Lael. 16, 60:

vade, o felix nati pietate,

Verg. A. 3, 480; cf. id. ib. 6, 785:

Praxiteles quoque marmore fericior,

i. e. succeeded better as a sculptor, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 69:

felices ter et amplius, Quos irrupta tenet copula,

Hor. C. 1, 13, 17:

omnes composui. Felices! nunc ego resto,

id. S. 1, 9, 28:

Latium felix,

id. C. S. 66:

tempora,

Juv. 2, 38:

saecula,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 103; Juv. 3, 312; Quint. 8, 6, 24: cf.:

nulla sorte nascendi aetas felicior,

id. 12, 11, 22:

felicissima facilitas,

id. 10, 1, 111:

felicissimus sermo,

id. 9, 4, 27:

ita sim felix, a form of asseveration,

Prop. 1, 7, 3:

malum, i. q. salubre,

salubrious, wholesome, Verg. G. 2, 127 Serv.—Prov.: felicem scivi, non qui quod [p. 734] vellet haberet, sed qui per fatum non data non cuperet, Aus. Idyll. 319, 23 sq.—

With gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

Vergilius beatus felixque gratiae,

Plin. H. N. 14 praef. §

7: o te, Bolane, cerebri Felicem!

Hor. S. 1, 9, 12:

felices studiique locique,

Ov. M. 5, 267:

felix uteri,

Sil. 4, 359:

leti,

id. 4, 398:

famae,

id. 4, 731:

felices operum dies,

Verg. G. 1, 277.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quo non felicior alter Ungueretela manu ferrumque armare veneno,

happier, more successful in, Verg. A. 9, 772; id. G. 1, 284; Sil. 13, 126. —

With gerund. dat. (rare):

tam felix vobis corrumpendis fuit,

successful in, Liv. 3, 17, 2.— Adv.: fēlīcĭter.

(Acc. to I.) Fruitfully, abundantly:

hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,

Verg. G. 1, 54.—

(Acc. to II.)

Auspiciously, fortunately, favorably: quod mihi vobisque Quirites, Se fortunatim, feliciter ac bene vortat, Enn. ap. Non. 112, 3 (Ann. v. 112 ed. Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 58:

ut ea res mihi magistratuique meo, populo plebique Romanae bene atque feliciter eveniret,

Cic. Mur. 1, 1; Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 3.—In expressing a wish or in calling to a person, Good luck! faciam quod volunt. Feliciter velim, inquam, teque laudo, Cic. Att. 13, 42, 1:

feliciter, succlamant,

Phaedr. 5, 1, 4; Suet. Claud. 7; id. Dom. 13; Flor. 3, 3 fin.; Juv. 2, 119; Vulg. Gen. 30, 11 al.—

Luckily, happily, successfully (most freq.):

omnes sapientes semper feliciter, absolute, fortunate vivere,

Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

res publica et bene et feliciter gesta sit,

id. Phil. 5, 15, 40; id. Fam. 7, 28 fin.:

navigare,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 95; cf.:

qui te feliciter attulit Eurus,

Ov. M. 7, 659:

feliciter audet,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166:

ob ea feliciter acta,

Sall. J. 55, 2.—Prov.:

feliciter sapit qui alieno periculo sapit,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 40.— Comp., Ov. Ib. 305.— Sup.:

bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9:

re gesta,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 37, 1:

gerere rem publicam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 7, 6:

cessit imitatio,

Quint. 10, 2, 16: Horatius... verbis felicissime audax, 10, 1, 96.

Fēlix (with abl. Felice, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 67), a Roman surname of frequent occurrence, first applied to L. Sulla, Plin. 7, 44, 44, § 186.—

Claudius Felix, Suet. Claud. 28.—

Antonius Felix, procurator of Judea and Galilee under Claudius, Vulg. Act. 23, 26; 25, 14.—

Julia Felix, i. q. Berytus, Plin. 5, 20, 17, § 78.

fĕlix, ĭcis, v. filix init.

fēlix, īcis (abl. felici, except Cic. Or. 48, 159; and as nom. prop., v. II. B. 2. infra), adj. [from root feo, fevo, to bear, produce, Gr. phuô; cf.: fio, femina; whence fetus, fecundus, femina, fenus], fruit-bearing, fruitful, fertile, productive.

Lit. (rare; not in Cic.): felices arbores Cato dixit, quae fructum ferunt, infelices quae non ferunt, Paul. ex Fest. p. 92, 10 Müll.; cf. Fronto Ep. ad Amic. 2, 6 ed. Mai.; so,

arbor,

Liv. 5, 24, 2:

arbusta,

Lucr. 5, 1378:

rami,

Verg. G. 2, 81; so,

rami feliciores,

Hor. Epod. 2, 14:

silvae,

i. e. of fruitful trees, Verg. G. 4, 329:

Massica Baccho,

fruitful in vines, id. A. 7, 725; cf.

Campania,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 60:

felicior regio,

Ov. P. 2, 10, 51; cf.:

felix oleae tractus,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 179:

venti,

Val. Fl. 6, 711.—

In partic.

In the old relig. lang.: felices arbores, all the nobler sorts of trees, whose fruits were offered to the superior deities, in contradistinction to the infelices, which were dedicated to the inferior deities, Macr. S. 2, 16, 2.—

Felix, as an adj. propr. in Arabia Felix, the fertile portion of Arabia, opp. Arabia Deserta and Petraea; v. Arabia.—

Transf.

Act., that brings good luck, of good omen, auspicious, favorable, propitious, fortunate, prosperous, felicitous (orig. belonging to the relig. lang.; in the class. per. almost confined to poets;

syn.: faustus, fortunatus, beatus, secundus): quae (omina) majores nostri quia valere censebant, idcirco omnibus rebus agendis: QVOD BONVM FAVSTVM FELIX FORTVNATVMQVE ESSET praefabantur,

Cic. Div. 1, 45, 102; so, QVOD BONVM FORTVNATVM FELIXQVE SALVTAREQVE SIET POPVLO ROMANO QVIRITIVM, etc., an old formula in Varr. L. L. 6, § 86; cf.

also: ut nobis haec habitatio Bona, fausta, felix fortunataque eveniat,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 3:

quod tibi mihique sit felix, sub imperium tuum redeo,

Liv. 22, 30, 4:

auspicia,

Verg. A. 11, 32; cf.

omen,

Ov. P. 2, 1, 35:

o dea... Sis felix, nostrum leves, quaecumque, laborem,

Verg. A. 1, 330; cf.:

sis bonus o felixque tuis!

id. E. 5, 65:

terque novas circum felix eat hostia fruges,

id. G. 1, 345:

Zephyri,

id. A. 3, 120:

sententia,

Ov. M. 13, 319:

industria (corresp. to fertilis cura),

Plin. H. N. 14 praef. § 3.—

Lucky, happy, fortunate (the predom. signif. in prose and poetry):

exitus ut classi felix faustusque daretur,

Lucr. 1, 100:

Polycratem Samium felicem appellabant,

Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92:

Caesar Alexandriam se recepit, felix, ut sibi quidem videbatur,

id. Phil. 2, 26, 64; cf. id. ib. 2, 24, 59:

vir ad casum fortunamque felix,

id. Font. 15, 33:

ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

id. Brut. 16, 63:

Sulla felicissimus omnium ante civilem victoriam,

Sall. J. 95, 4:

in te retinendo fuit Asia felicior quam nos in deducendo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10, § 30; cf.:

quin etiam si minus felices in diligendo fuissemus,

id. Lael. 16, 60:

vade, o felix nati pietate,

Verg. A. 3, 480; cf. id. ib. 6, 785:

Praxiteles quoque marmore fericior,

i. e. succeeded better as a sculptor, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 69:

felices ter et amplius, Quos irrupta tenet copula,

Hor. C. 1, 13, 17:

omnes composui. Felices! nunc ego resto,

id. S. 1, 9, 28:

Latium felix,

id. C. S. 66:

tempora,

Juv. 2, 38:

saecula,

Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 103; Juv. 3, 312; Quint. 8, 6, 24: cf.:

nulla sorte nascendi aetas felicior,

id. 12, 11, 22:

felicissima facilitas,

id. 10, 1, 111:

felicissimus sermo,

id. 9, 4, 27:

ita sim felix, a form of asseveration,

Prop. 1, 7, 3:

malum, i. q. salubre,

salubrious, wholesome, Verg. G. 2, 127 Serv.—Prov.: felicem scivi, non qui quod [p. 734] vellet haberet, sed qui per fatum non data non cuperet, Aus. Idyll. 319, 23 sq.—

With gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

Vergilius beatus felixque gratiae,

Plin. H. N. 14 praef. §

7: o te, Bolane, cerebri Felicem!

Hor. S. 1, 9, 12:

felices studiique locique,

Ov. M. 5, 267:

felix uteri,

Sil. 4, 359:

leti,

id. 4, 398:

famae,

id. 4, 731:

felices operum dies,

Verg. G. 1, 277.—

With inf. ( poet.):

quo non felicior alter Ungueretela manu ferrumque armare veneno,

happier, more successful in, Verg. A. 9, 772; id. G. 1, 284; Sil. 13, 126. —

With gerund. dat. (rare):

tam felix vobis corrumpendis fuit,

successful in, Liv. 3, 17, 2.— Adv.: fēlīcĭter.

(Acc. to I.) Fruitfully, abundantly:

hic segetes, illic veniunt felicius uvae,

Verg. G. 1, 54.—

(Acc. to II.)

Auspiciously, fortunately, favorably: quod mihi vobisque Quirites, Se fortunatim, feliciter ac bene vortat, Enn. ap. Non. 112, 3 (Ann. v. 112 ed. Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 58:

ut ea res mihi magistratuique meo, populo plebique Romanae bene atque feliciter eveniret,

Cic. Mur. 1, 1; Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 3.—In expressing a wish or in calling to a person, Good luck! faciam quod volunt. Feliciter velim, inquam, teque laudo, Cic. Att. 13, 42, 1:

feliciter, succlamant,

Phaedr. 5, 1, 4; Suet. Claud. 7; id. Dom. 13; Flor. 3, 3 fin.; Juv. 2, 119; Vulg. Gen. 30, 11 al.—

Luckily, happily, successfully (most freq.):

omnes sapientes semper feliciter, absolute, fortunate vivere,

Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

res publica et bene et feliciter gesta sit,

id. Phil. 5, 15, 40; id. Fam. 7, 28 fin.:

navigare,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 95; cf.:

qui te feliciter attulit Eurus,

Ov. M. 7, 659:

feliciter audet,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 166:

ob ea feliciter acta,

Sall. J. 55, 2.—Prov.:

feliciter sapit qui alieno periculo sapit,

Plaut. Merc. 4, 4, 40.— Comp., Ov. Ib. 305.— Sup.:

bella cum finitimis felicissime multa gessit,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9:

re gesta,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 37, 1:

gerere rem publicam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 7, 6:

cessit imitatio,

Quint. 10, 2, 16: Horatius... verbis felicissime audax, 10, 1, 96.

Fēlix (with abl. Felice, v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 67), a Roman surname of frequent occurrence, first applied to L. Sulla, Plin. 7, 44, 44, § 186.—

Claudius Felix, Suet. Claud. 28.—

Antonius Felix, procurator of Judea and Galilee under Claudius, Vulg. Act. 23, 26; 25, 14.—

Julia Felix, i. q. Berytus, Plin. 5, 20, 17, § 78.

fĕlix, ĭcis, v. filix init.

galla, ae, f.

Oak-apple, gall-nut, Plin. 16, 6, 9, § 26; 24, 4, 5, § 9; Col. 9, 13, 7; Mart. Cap. 3, § 225.— Plur., Col. 6, 7, 2. —In a pun with Galla, a female Gaul; v. 1. Galli, I.—

A harsh, inferior kind of wine, Lucil. ap. Non. 445, 18; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.

Galla, ae, f., a female Gaul; v. 1. Galli, I.

Galla, ae, f., a priest of Cybele; v. 3. Gallus, II. A.

gĕna, ae, and more freq. gĕnae, ārum, f. [Sanscr. hanus, jaw; ganda, cheek; cf. Gr. genus; Germ. Kinn], lit., the upper part of the face, from the cheek-bones to the eyelids; hence, in gen., a cheek; plur., the cheeks (cf.: bucca, mala).

Lit.:

genae ab inferiore parte tutantur subjectae leniterque eminentes,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143; cf. Plin. 11, 37, 57, § 156 sqq.

Plur.:

ad haec omnia exprimenda in palpebris etiam et genis est quoddam deserviens iis ministerium,

Quint. 11, 3, 77; cf. Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 49:

ad genarum crassitudines et oculorum albugines,

id. 32, 9, 31, § 98: MVLIERES GENAS NE RADVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23 fin.; Plin. 11, 37, 58, § 157; Fest. s. v. radere, p. 273 Müll.: lacrimae peredere humore exsangues genas, Poët. (perh. Pacuv.) ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26; cf.:

manat rara meas lacrima per genas,

Hor. C, 4, 1, 34:

lacrimis humectent ora genasque,

Lucr. 1, 920; cf. id. 2, 977; 3, 469:

pulchrae,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 8: nunc primum opacat flore lanugo genas, Pac. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 94 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 103 Rib.):

pilosae,

Cic. Pis. 1, 1:

erasae,

Prop. 4 (5), 8, 26:

tum mihi prima genas vestibat flore juventa,

Verg. A. 8, 160:

leves,

Quint. 12, 10, 8:

confusa pudore sensi me totis erubuisse genis,

Ov. H. 21, 112; Vulg. Cant. 1, 9 al.—

Sing.: atque genua comprimit arta gena, i. e. presses (beseechingly) the cheek close to his knee, Enn. ap. Isid. Orig. 11, 1, 109 dub. (cf. Vahl. Enn. p. 176):

genam non leviter perstringere,

Suet. Claud. 15 fin.:

gena inferior, superior,

Plin. 11, 37, 57, § 156 (v. above).—

Transf.: genae (not in sing.).

In Ennius for palpebrae, the eyelids: genas Ennius palpebras putat, cum dicit hoc versu: Pandite sulti' genas et corde relinquite somnum, Paul. ex Fest. s. h. v. p. 94 Müll. (Ann. v. 521 Vahl.): imprimitque genae genam, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 686 (Trag. v. 436 Vahl.).—

The eye or eyes ( poet.):

exustaeque tuae mox, Polypheme, genae,

Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 26:

cornicum immeritas eruit ungue genas,

id. 4 (5), 5, 16; Ov. P. 2, 8, 66; id. H. 20, 206.—

The sockets of the eyes:

expilatque genis oculos,

Ov. M. 13, 562.

gĕna, ae, and more freq. gĕnae, ārum, f. [Sanscr. hanus, jaw; ganda, cheek; cf. Gr. genus; Germ. Kinn], lit., the upper part of the face, from the cheek-bones to the eyelids; hence, in gen., a cheek; plur., the cheeks (cf.: bucca, mala).

Lit.:

genae ab inferiore parte tutantur subjectae leniterque eminentes,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143; cf. Plin. 11, 37, 57, § 156 sqq.

Plur.:

ad haec omnia exprimenda in palpebris etiam et genis est quoddam deserviens iis ministerium,

Quint. 11, 3, 77; cf. Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 49:

ad genarum crassitudines et oculorum albugines,

id. 32, 9, 31, § 98: MVLIERES GENAS NE RADVNTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 23 fin.; Plin. 11, 37, 58, § 157; Fest. s. v. radere, p. 273 Müll.: lacrimae peredere humore exsangues genas, Poët. (perh. Pacuv.) ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 12, 26; cf.:

manat rara meas lacrima per genas,

Hor. C, 4, 1, 34:

lacrimis humectent ora genasque,

Lucr. 1, 920; cf. id. 2, 977; 3, 469:

pulchrae,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 8: nunc primum opacat flore lanugo genas, Pac. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 94 Müll. (Trag. Rel. p. 103 Rib.):

pilosae,

Cic. Pis. 1, 1:

erasae,

Prop. 4 (5), 8, 26:

tum mihi prima genas vestibat flore juventa,

Verg. A. 8, 160:

leves,

Quint. 12, 10, 8:

confusa pudore sensi me totis erubuisse genis,

Ov. H. 21, 112; Vulg. Cant. 1, 9 al.—

Sing.: atque genua comprimit arta gena, i. e. presses (beseechingly) the cheek close to his knee, Enn. ap. Isid. Orig. 11, 1, 109 dub. (cf. Vahl. Enn. p. 176):

genam non leviter perstringere,

Suet. Claud. 15 fin.:

gena inferior, superior,

Plin. 11, 37, 57, § 156 (v. above).—

Transf.: genae (not in sing.).

In Ennius for palpebrae, the eyelids: genas Ennius palpebras putat, cum dicit hoc versu: Pandite sulti' genas et corde relinquite somnum, Paul. ex Fest. s. h. v. p. 94 Müll. (Ann. v. 521 Vahl.): imprimitque genae genam, Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 6, 686 (Trag. v. 436 Vahl.).—

The eye or eyes ( poet.):

exustaeque tuae mox, Polypheme, genae,

Prop. 3, 12 (4, 11), 26:

cornicum immeritas eruit ungue genas,

id. 4 (5), 5, 16; Ov. P. 2, 8, 66; id. H. 20, 206.—

The sockets of the eyes:

expilatque genis oculos,

Ov. M. 13, 562.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

Germāni, ōrum, m., = Germanoi, the Germans, between the Rhine, the Danube, the Vistula, and the sea; the eastern neighbors of the Gauls, Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 4, 1; 6, 11; 21 sq.; Tac. G. passim; Cic. Att. 14, 9, 3; id. Prov. Cons. 13, 33; id. Balb. 14, 32; id. Pis. 33, 81 al.— Sing.: Germānus, i, m., a German, in a pun with germanus, own brother; v. 1. germanus, I. B.—

Derivv.

Germānus, a, um, adj., Germanic, German ( poet.):

herbae,

Ov. A. A. 3, 163:

pubes,

Pers. 6, 44.—

Germānĭa, ae, f., the country of the Germans, Germany, Caes. B. G. 4, 4; 5, 13; 6, 11; 24 sq.; id. B. C. 1, 7; 3, 87; Hor. C. 4, 5, 26; id. Epod. 16, 7 al. —Divided into Upper and Lower Germany:

superior,

Tac. A. 1, 31; 6, 30; 12, 27; id. H. 1, 12 al.:

inferior,

id. A. 1, 31; 4, 73; 11, 18; id. H. 1, 9; 52 sq.;

also called Germania prima and secunda,

Amm. 15, 11, 7 sq. — Transf., = Germani, Verg. G. 1, 509.— Hence, in plur.: Germānĭae, ārum, f., the whole of Germany, Tac. A. 1, 34; 46; 57; 2, 26, 73; 3, 46 et saep.—

Germānĭ-cus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to the Germans, Germanic, German.

Adj.:

saltus,

Liv. 9, 36:

mare,

the Baltic, Plin. 4, 16, 30, § 103:

gentes,

id. 4, 13, 28, § 98:

sermo,

Suet. Calig. 47:

bellum,

Caes. B. G. 4, 16; Suet. Aug. 20; id. Tib. 9 al.:

exercitus,

Tac. A. 1, 22; id. H. 1, 19; 26 al.:

expeditio (Caligulae),

Suet. Calig. 43:

victoria,

id. Vesp. 2: Calendae, i. e. the 1 st of September (named Germanicus on account of the victory obtained over the Germans), Mart. 9, 2, 4 (cf. Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 13; and Macr. S. 1, 12):

persona,

a clay figure of a German, as a bugbear for Roman children, Mart. 14, 176.—

Subst.: Germānĭcus, i, m.

A surname of several generals who gained victories over the Germans. —Esp.

Nero Claudius Drusus Germanicus, the son of Livia, Suet. Claud. 1 sq.; 27; id. Vit. 8; id. Dom. 13; Spart. Carac. 5.—

Germanicus Caesar, son of the preceding, and brother of the emperor Claudius, Suet. Cal. 1; Tac. A. 1, 35 al. He translated the Phaenomena of Aratus, Lact. 1, 21, 38.—

(sc. nummus), a gold coin struck by the emperor Domitian, Juv. 6, 205.—

Ger-mānĭcĭānus, a, um, adj., stationed or serving in Germany (post-Aug. and only milit.):

exercitus,

Suet. Oth. 8; id. Vesp. 6; Eutr. 7, 11.—Also absol.: Germānĭciā-ni, ōrum, m., Suet. Tib. 25; Galb. 20.—

Germānĭcĭensis, e, adj., German, Germanic, Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 12, 4.

guttur, ŭris, n. (ante-class.; also m. in acc. sing. gutturem, Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 22; id. Aul. 2, 4, 25; Nov. Com. Fragm. v. 118 Rib.), the gullet, throat (cf.:

faux, gula, jugulum): da meo gutturi gaudium,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 10; 49:

venter gutturque resident ferias,

id. Capt. 3, 1, 8:

guttur homini tantum et suibus intumescit,

Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:

quis tumidum guttur miratur in Alpibus?

Juv. 13, 162: (tamquam si in Alpibus gutturosos homines admireris, ubi tales sunt plurimi scilicet: nam lata et inflata colla habent, Vet. Schol. ad h. 1.): haud modicos tremulo fundens e gutture cantus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 8, 14: liquidum tenui gutture cantat avis. Ov. Am. 1, 13, 8:

parentis olim si quis impia manu Senile guttur fregerit,

Hor. Epod. 3, 1.—In plur.:

fodere guttura cultro,

Ov. M. 7, 314:

laqueo ligare guttura,

id. ib. 6, 135.—Hence,

Transf., gluttony:

memorabile magni Gutturis exemplum,

Juv. 2, 114.—Comically:

inferior, i. e. anus,

Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 25.

ignōbĭlĭtas, ātis, f. [ignobilis].

Want of fame, obscurity (rare but class.):

num igitur ignobilitas aut humilitas aut etiam popularis offensio sapientem beatum esse prohibebit?

Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 103:

virorum,

Ov. M. 6, 319:

artificis,

Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 69.—

Low birth, mean origin.

Lit. (rare but class.):

multis viris fortibus ne ignobilitas generis obiceretur,

Cic. Mur. 8, 17:

hoc propter ignobilitatem paternam minus suspecto, Platorem occidit,

Liv. 44, 30, 3.—

Transf., of things, inferior quality, badness:

vini,

Col. 3, 21, 10.

imprŏbus ( inpr-), a, um, adj. [2. inprobus], not according to the standard.

Lit.

Below the standard, i. e. of bad quality, bad, poor, inferior (rare;

mostly post-Aug.): merces,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 43:

opera araneorum et textura inproba,

id. Stich. 2, 2, 24:

panis,

Mart. 10, 5, 5:

improbiores postes,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

tua sum opera et propter te inprobior,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 84.—

Above or beyond the standard, i. e. enormous, monstrous, excessive:

genua,

Col. 6, 1, 3:

arva,

Val. Fl. 1, 510; 2, 631 (cf. Forbig. ad Verg. G. 1, 119; Orell. ad Hor. C. 3, 9, 22):

Chilones a labris improbioribus,

Charis. p. 78 P.:

mons,

Verg. A. 12, 687:

tegmina plantae,

Val. Fl. 6, 702:

improbo somno, quem nec tertia saepe rumpit hora,

Mart. 12, 18, 13:

villus barbarum in capris,

Plin. 12, 17, 37, § 73:

reptatus (vitium),

id. 14, 1, 3, § 13; Stat. Th. 6, 838:

imber improbior,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 4 fin. (in Sall. ap. Non. 366, 13; Hist. Fragm. 4, 40 Dietsch, the true read. is in prora).—

Transf., of mind and character.

Restless, indomitable, persistent (cf.:

pervicax, perstans, vehemens, acer): labor omnia vincit improbus,

Verg. G. 1, 146:

tum cornix plena pluviam vocat improba voce,

id. ib. 1, 388:

quatit improbus hastam,

id. A. 11, 767; cf. Hor. C. 3, 9, 23; Mart. 1, 105, 2; Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 41.—

Morally bad; wicked, reprobate, abandoned, vile, base, impious, ungodly, unjust, dishonest; bold, shameless, impudent; violent, fierce, outrageous (syn.: malus, malignus, pravus, depravatus, nequam).

Of living beings: NI TESTIMONIVM FARIATVR IMPROBVS INTESTABILISQVE ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 15, 13 fin.:

qui improbi essent et scelesti,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 137:

nequam et improbus,

Cic. Deiot. 7, 21:

illud vero improbi esse hominis et perfidiosi,

id. de Or. 2, 73, 297: Cresphontes, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 156 Vahl.):

populum aut inflammare in improbos aut incitatum in bonos mitigare,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

longe post natos homines improbisssimus,

id. Brut. 62, 224:

cum in me tam improbus fuit,

id. Att. 9, 15, 5:

ab ingenio est improbus,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

ut alias res est impense improbus,

id. Ep. 4, 1, 39:

negat improbus et te Neglegit, aut horret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 63:

anus,

id. S. 2, 5, 84:

cum eum, qui sit improbus, latronem dicimus,

Quint. 8, 4, 1; 1, 8, 21:

(anguis) piscibus atram inprobus ingluviem explet,

voracious, Verg. G. 3, 431:

lupus,

id. A. 9, 62:

Jovis ales,

id. ib. 12, 250:

annis,

by his youth, Juv. 3, 282:

Fortuna arridens infantibus,

mischievous, id. 6, 605. — Comp.:

inprobior satiram scribente cinaedo,

Juv. 4, 106. —

With gen.: conubii, Stat. Th. [p. 909] 7, 300. —

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

improbo Iracundior Hadria,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 22:

lavit improba taeter Ora (leonis) cruor,

Verg. A. 10, 727:

perfricare faciem et quasi improbam facere,

shameless, impudent, Quint. 11, 3, 160; cf.:

oris improbi homo,

Suet. Gramm. 15:

divitiae,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 62:

improba non fuerit si mea charta, dato,

Mart. 8, 24, 2:

satureia,

exciting lust, id. 3, 75, 4:

ingenio improbo,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 16:

facta,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 4:

dicta,

licentious, Ov. F. 5, 686:

verba,

id. A. A. 3, 796; cf.

carmina,

id. Tr. 2, 441:

legis improbissimae poena,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

testamentum,

illegal, id. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 107:

mala et improba defensio,

id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §

101: amor,

Verg. A. 4, 412; Hor. S. 1, 3, 24 (cf.:

improbus, turpis, Schol. Cruq. ad loc.): spes,

Quint. 12, 1, 13:

improba ventris rabies,

Verg. A. 2, 356:

quo apertior adulatio, quo improbior, hoc citius expugnat,

Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. med.:

improba quamvis gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,

Juv. 13, 3.— Adv., in two forms, imprŏbē (class.) and improbĭter (perh. only once in Petr. 66).

Beyond measure, immoderately, enormously (very rare):

ad eos, quibus intestinum improbe prominet,

Marc. Emp. 31 med.:

de quodam procerae staturae improbiusque nato,

i. e. uncommonly well furnished, Suet. Vesp. 23:

Chilones improbius labrati,

Charis. p. 78 P. —

(Acc. to II.) Badly, wrongly, improperly:

multa scelerate, multa audacter, multa improbe fecisti,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:

facere aliquid,

Quint. 1, 3, 13:

quibus improbe datum est,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 79:

quid ego miror, si quid ab improbis de me improbe dicitur?

id. Sull. 10, 30:

praeda improbe parta,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

aliquid petere,

Quint. 6, 3, 95:

non improbe litigabunt,

id. 12, 7, 5:

ignorantia et inscitia improbe dicentium, quae non intellegunt,

incorrectly, Gell. 15, 5, 1;

so with indocte,

id. 15, 9, 4.— Comp.:

estne aliquid, quod improbius fieri possit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 140:

decerpere oscula,

Cat. 68, 126. — Sup.:

quas (res) improbissime fecit,

Cic. Caecin. 9, 23:

respondere,

id. Pis. 6, 13.

infrā [infer, inferă, sc. parte], adv. and prep.

Adv., on the under side, below, underneath.

Lit.:

infra nihil est nisi mortale... supra Lunam sunt aeterna omnia,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17:

in occipitio et infra, qua summa vertebra, etc.,

Cels. 3, 23 fin. — With quam:

ipsius autem partes eae, quae sunt infra quam id quod devoratur, dilatantur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 135; Varr. R. R. 1, 41, 3:

si infra, quam rami fuere, praecidatur,

Plin. 16, 30, 53, § 123.— Absol., of the lower world:

non seges est infra,

there is no sowing down below, Tib. 1, 10, 35.—Of a following place in a writing, below:

earum exemplum infra scripsi,

Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Fam. 5, 10, 5; Quint. 8, 4, 9.— Comp.: inferius, lower, farther down:

altius egressus caelestia tecta cremabis. inferius terras,

Ov. M. 2, 137:

currere,

id. ib. 2, 208:

inferius, quam collo pectora subsunt,

id. ib. 12, 420.—

Trop.

Below, beneath, in value or esteem:

liberos ejus ut multum infra despectare,

Tac. A. 2, 43.— Comp., lower, farther down:

persequi,

Ov. Tr. 2, 263: virtutem non flamma, non ruina inferius adducet. Sen. Ep. 79:

quae praeterire, quam inferius exsequi tutius duximus,

Sol. 2 med. —

Farther along the coast:

onerariae duae... paulo infra delatae sunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 36.—

Later in time:

quid quod Ciceronis temporibus paulumque infra... geminabatur,

Quint. 1, 7, 20.

Prep. with acc., below, under.

Lit.:

ad mare infra oppidum exspectabat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51:

infra mortuos amandare,

id. Quint. 15, 49:

infra caelum et sidera nox cadit,

Tac. Agr. 12.—

Of time, later than:

Homerus non infra superiorem Lycurgum fuit,

Cic. Brut. 10, 40. —

Of size, smaller than:

uri sunt magnitudine paulo infra elephantos,

Caes. B. G. 6, 28.—

Of number, less than:

non infra novena (ova),

Plin. 18, 26, 62, § 231; id. 6, 6, 6, § 18.—

Trop., below, beneath in rank, honor, or esteem:

quem ego infra esse infimos omnis puto homines,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 36:

res humanas despicere atque infra se positas arbitrari,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

omnia infra se esse judicare,

id. Fin. 3, 7, 25:

e quo infra se et Caesarem videret et rempublicam,

he despised them, Vell. 2, 76, 4:

semper infra aliorum aestimationes se metientem,

id. 2, 127 fin.:

infra servos cliens,

id. 2, 83:

non infra speciem,

not inferior in beauty, Prop. 1, 20, 5:

conferant se Marii... infra Pallantis laudes jacebunt,

they will not come up to the glory of Pallas, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2:

id quidem infra grammatici officium est,

Quint. 1, 7, 1; cf. id. 2, 5, 4.

imprŏbus ( inpr-), a, um, adj. [2. inprobus], not according to the standard.

Lit.

Below the standard, i. e. of bad quality, bad, poor, inferior (rare;

mostly post-Aug.): merces,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 43:

opera araneorum et textura inproba,

id. Stich. 2, 2, 24:

panis,

Mart. 10, 5, 5:

improbiores postes,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 139:

tua sum opera et propter te inprobior,

id. Bacch. 5, 2, 84.—

Above or beyond the standard, i. e. enormous, monstrous, excessive:

genua,

Col. 6, 1, 3:

arva,

Val. Fl. 1, 510; 2, 631 (cf. Forbig. ad Verg. G. 1, 119; Orell. ad Hor. C. 3, 9, 22):

Chilones a labris improbioribus,

Charis. p. 78 P.:

mons,

Verg. A. 12, 687:

tegmina plantae,

Val. Fl. 6, 702:

improbo somno, quem nec tertia saepe rumpit hora,

Mart. 12, 18, 13:

villus barbarum in capris,

Plin. 12, 17, 37, § 73:

reptatus (vitium),

id. 14, 1, 3, § 13; Stat. Th. 6, 838:

imber improbior,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 4 fin. (in Sall. ap. Non. 366, 13; Hist. Fragm. 4, 40 Dietsch, the true read. is in prora).—

Transf., of mind and character.

Restless, indomitable, persistent (cf.:

pervicax, perstans, vehemens, acer): labor omnia vincit improbus,

Verg. G. 1, 146:

tum cornix plena pluviam vocat improba voce,

id. ib. 1, 388:

quatit improbus hastam,

id. A. 11, 767; cf. Hor. C. 3, 9, 23; Mart. 1, 105, 2; Ov. Tr. 1, 11, 41.—

Morally bad; wicked, reprobate, abandoned, vile, base, impious, ungodly, unjust, dishonest; bold, shameless, impudent; violent, fierce, outrageous (syn.: malus, malignus, pravus, depravatus, nequam).

Of living beings: NI TESTIMONIVM FARIATVR IMPROBVS INTESTABILISQVE ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 15, 13 fin.:

qui improbi essent et scelesti,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 137:

nequam et improbus,

Cic. Deiot. 7, 21:

illud vero improbi esse hominis et perfidiosi,

id. de Or. 2, 73, 297: Cresphontes, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38 (Trag. v. 156 Vahl.):

populum aut inflammare in improbos aut incitatum in bonos mitigare,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46, 202:

longe post natos homines improbisssimus,

id. Brut. 62, 224:

cum in me tam improbus fuit,

id. Att. 9, 15, 5:

ab ingenio est improbus,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

ut alias res est impense improbus,

id. Ep. 4, 1, 39:

negat improbus et te Neglegit, aut horret,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 63:

anus,

id. S. 2, 5, 84:

cum eum, qui sit improbus, latronem dicimus,

Quint. 8, 4, 1; 1, 8, 21:

(anguis) piscibus atram inprobus ingluviem explet,

voracious, Verg. G. 3, 431:

lupus,

id. A. 9, 62:

Jovis ales,

id. ib. 12, 250:

annis,

by his youth, Juv. 3, 282:

Fortuna arridens infantibus,

mischievous, id. 6, 605. — Comp.:

inprobior satiram scribente cinaedo,

Juv. 4, 106. —

With gen.: conubii, Stat. Th. [p. 909] 7, 300. —

Of inanim. and abstr. things:

improbo Iracundior Hadria,

Hor. C. 3, 9, 22:

lavit improba taeter Ora (leonis) cruor,

Verg. A. 10, 727:

perfricare faciem et quasi improbam facere,

shameless, impudent, Quint. 11, 3, 160; cf.:

oris improbi homo,

Suet. Gramm. 15:

divitiae,

Hor. C. 3, 24, 62:

improba non fuerit si mea charta, dato,

Mart. 8, 24, 2:

satureia,

exciting lust, id. 3, 75, 4:

ingenio improbo,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 16:

facta,

id. Truc. 2, 7, 4:

dicta,

licentious, Ov. F. 5, 686:

verba,

id. A. A. 3, 796; cf.

carmina,

id. Tr. 2, 441:

legis improbissimae poena,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 2:

testamentum,

illegal, id. Verr. 2, 1, 42, § 107:

mala et improba defensio,

id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §

101: amor,

Verg. A. 4, 412; Hor. S. 1, 3, 24 (cf.:

improbus, turpis, Schol. Cruq. ad loc.): spes,

Quint. 12, 1, 13:

improba ventris rabies,

Verg. A. 2, 356:

quo apertior adulatio, quo improbior, hoc citius expugnat,

Sen. Q. N. 4 praef. med.:

improba quamvis gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,

Juv. 13, 3.— Adv., in two forms, imprŏbē (class.) and improbĭter (perh. only once in Petr. 66).

Beyond measure, immoderately, enormously (very rare):

ad eos, quibus intestinum improbe prominet,

Marc. Emp. 31 med.:

de quodam procerae staturae improbiusque nato,

i. e. uncommonly well furnished, Suet. Vesp. 23:

Chilones improbius labrati,

Charis. p. 78 P. —

(Acc. to II.) Badly, wrongly, improperly:

multa scelerate, multa audacter, multa improbe fecisti,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 36, 104:

facere aliquid,

Quint. 1, 3, 13:

quibus improbe datum est,

Cic. Off. 2, 22, 79:

quid ego miror, si quid ab improbis de me improbe dicitur?

id. Sull. 10, 30:

praeda improbe parta,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:

aliquid petere,

Quint. 6, 3, 95:

non improbe litigabunt,

id. 12, 7, 5:

ignorantia et inscitia improbe dicentium, quae non intellegunt,

incorrectly, Gell. 15, 5, 1;

so with indocte,

id. 15, 9, 4.— Comp.:

estne aliquid, quod improbius fieri possit?

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 140:

decerpere oscula,

Cat. 68, 126. — Sup.:

quas (res) improbissime fecit,

Cic. Caecin. 9, 23:

respondere,

id. Pis. 6, 13.