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firmus

  • 41 Прочный

    - firmus; fortis (pons fortis); idoneus (paries; navis); valens (truncus); validus (abies); fidus; fidelis(lorica; navis; societas cum aliquo); stipulus; stabilis (regnum); solidus; perennis; tenax; vivax; diuturnus;

    Большой русско-латинский словарь Поляшева > Прочный

  • 42 fest

    fest, I) nicht wankend, feststehend, dauernd: firmus (was äußern Eindrücken, der Auflösung, Zerstörung widerstehen kann, z.B. valetudo). – stabilis (der feststehen kann od. auf dem man feststehen kann), verb. stabilis et firmus; firmus stabilisque. – constans (sich gleichb leibend, sich nicht verändernd, z.B. vultus et gradus: u. cursus stellarum; alle drei auch bildl. = unveränderlich, standhaft); verb. firmus constansque (z.B. Sinn, animus). – immobilis (unbeweglich, eig.). – ratus (fest bestimmt, feststehend, z.B. decretum); verb. ratus atque firmus; constans et ratus (z.B. motus stellarum). – status (der Zeit nach fest bestimmt, periodisch wiederkehrend, z.B. dies, tempus, sacra, cursus siderum). – certus (entschieden, z.B. consilium, animus; dah. auch bestimmt, z.B. pretium). – obstinatus (hartnäckig, steif und fest auf etwas bestehend, z.B. voluntas, animus). – invictus (unbeugsam, z.B. animus). – eine feste Hand, manus stabilis nec umquam intremiscens; manus constans (z.B. constanti dextrā ar- ripere poculum). – s. Besitz, agri fundique. – Adv.firme; firmiter; constanter. – ich bin s. überzeugt, persuasissimum mihi est m. folg. Akk. u. Inf.: sei s. überzeugt, daß ich, cave dubites, quin etc. – II) dicht, eng verbunden: solidus (aus fester Masse bestehend, gedrungen u. konsistent, kompakt, gediegen, massiv). – densus (aus nahe aneinander gedrängten Teilen bestehend, dicht). – spissus (undurchdringlich, undurchsichtig, z.B. solum,ager). – astrictus (fest angezogen, z.B. nodus). – magnus (groß, stark, z.B. vinculum). – s. Holz, robur: das s. Land, (terra) continens. – Adv.solide; dense; spisse. – III) befestigt: a) v. Örtl.: munitus (z.B. von Natur, naturā od. naturaliter, Ggstz. durch Kunst, opere od. manu). – tutus (vor Gefahr gesichert). – validus (stark durch Besatzung, z.B. oppidum). – ein fester Ort, Platz, s. Festung. – b) v. Pers.: tutus a ferro (gesichert gegen das Eisen, gegen Hieb u. Stich). – tutus ad omnes ictus (gesichert gegen alle Hiebe u. Stiche). – inviolabilis (unverletzlich). – fest gegen Gift, tutus adversus venenorum pericula (z.B. corpus).

    deutsch-lateinisches > fest

  • 43 beharrlich

    beharrlich, perseverans (der sich durch keinen Widerstand, durch kein Hindernis von dem, was er erreichen will, abschrecken läßt). – constans (der sich in seinem Benehmen konsequent bleibt, beständig). – firmus (fest bei etwas bleibend, standhaft). – offirmatus (das verstärkte firmus, steif u. fest). – tenax alcis rei (an etwas festhaltend). – assiduus (der nicht abläßt von etw. od. jmd., z. B. ein Feind, Ankläger). – pertinax (der bis zur Übertreibung fest an seiner Meinung, an seinem Vorsatze hängt, hartnäckig). – pervicax (der lebhaft darauf besteht, etwas durchzusetzen oder den Sieg zu gewinnen). – obstinatus (der trotz Bitten, Vorstellungen auf seinem Sinne beharrt; im üblen Sinne »starrköpfig, eigenwillig«). – b. in seinem Vorsatze, firmus proposito; tenax propositi. – Adv. (= mit Beharrlichkeit) perseveranter: constanter; firmiter; offirmato animo; pertinaciter; pervicacius; obstinate; obstinato animo. – in Gefahr b. sein, in periculo constanter agere: b. den Schmerz ertragen, constanter ferre [375] dolorem: halte b. aus, persta et obdura; perfer et obdura. – Beharrlichkeit, perseverantia. constantia. pertinacia. pervicacia. obstinatio. obstinatior voluntas. obstinatus animus (s. »beharrlich« die Adjj.) – assiduitas (beständige Ausdauer). – B. des Gemüts, animi firmitas: feste B. bei seiner Meinung, perpetua in sententia sua permansio; obstinatio sententiae: in der Treue, obstinatio fidei: mit B., s. beharrlich (Adv.).

    deutsch-lateinisches > beharrlich

  • 44 beständig

    beständig, I) von ununterbrochener Dauer, unaufhörlich: a) Adj.:perennis (in einem fort gehend, z. B. cursus stellarum). – perpetuus (fortwährend, z. B. risus). – continens. continuus (unmittelbar u. ohne Unterbrechung aufeinanderfolgend, z. B. incommoda, labor, imber), – sempiternus (immerwährend, z. B. ignis Vestae). – assiduus (immer-, beständig gegenwärtig; dah. v. Dingen, die immer da sind, also anhalten, z. B. imbres). – infinitus (endlos, z. B. occupationes). – b. fließendes Wasser, aqua perennis od. iugis. – b) Adv.:perpetuo (fortwährend). – continenter. sine intermissione. nullo temporis puncto intermisso (ohne Unterlaß). – assidue (anhaltend, ununterbrochen). – infinite (endlos). – usque (immer = immerfort, ohne Unterlaß). semper (immer = allezeit, von jeher u. dgl.). – b. seinen Vorsätzen getreu, firmus proposito: b. studieren, studia numquam intermittere; haerere in libris (b. überden Büchern sitzen): b. arbeiten, nullum tempus ad laborem intermittere: jmd. b. bitten, alqm precibus fatigare. – Oft umschr. durch non desino (ich höre nicht auf) od. non desisto (ich stehe nicht ab) od. non intermitto (ich setze nicht aus, ich lasse nicht unterbleiben) mit Infin., z. B. ich bitte den König b. in Briefen, non desino per litteras rogare regem: ich empfehle dich b., ego te commendare non desisto: er versicherte b., daß er unverzüglich komme, non intermisit ille affirmare se sine mora venire. – II) in einer bestimmten Eigenschaft fortdauernd, sich gleichbleibend, bes. v. Menschen: a) Adj.:constans (beharrlich, konsequent in Gesinnung u. Handlung, Ggstz. inconstans). – firmus (fest, unerschütterlich). – stabilis (unveränderlich, Ggstz. mobilis). – fidelis (jmdm. fest anhangend, treu, z. B. amicus, coniunx); verb. fidelis et firmus (z. B. amicus). – aequalis (sich gleichbleibend, gleichförmig, z. B. Witterung, tempestas). – die Witterung ist nicht b., caelum od. tempestas variat. – b) Adv.:constanter; firme. – b. in od. bei etwas sein od. bleiben, perstare, persistere, perseverare in alqa re (bei etwas beharren. s. d.).

    deutsch-lateinisches > beständig

  • 45 bündig

    bündig, I) verbindend, gültig etc.: ratus (gültig, rechtskräftig). – legitimus (gesetzmäßig). – firmus ad probandum, im Zshg. auch bl. firmus (sicher dartuend, überzeugend, z. B. argumentum). – gravis (gewichtig und dah. auch überzeugend, z. B. argumentum); verb. gravis et firmus (z. B. argumentum gravissimum et firmissimum). – II) kurz zusammengedrängt u. kräftig etc.: astrictus (gedrängt, von Rede, Redner, Schriftsteller, Ggstz. latus). – accuratus. subtilis (genau, gründlich). – concisus. circumcisus (kurz, z. B. Gedanken). – circumscriptus (gehörig abgegrenzt, z. B. brevis et circumscripta quaedam explicatio [Begriffsbestimmung]). – planus (deutlich, überzeugend). – im Ausdruck b. u. gedrängt, verbis aptus et pressus. – Adv.astricte (Ggstz. late; z. B. dicere, scribere: u. concludere). – accurate; subtiliter; plane (dah. »bündig genug«, planissime). – zu b., contortius (z. B. dicere).

    deutsch-lateinisches > bündig

  • 46 kräftig

    kräftig, valens. validus (im allg., stark u. kräftig, handfest und daher durch seine Kraft wirkend). – firmus (von Festigkeit und Halt); verb. firmus et validus (z.B. res publica); valens et firmus (z.B. civitas). – robustus (kernfest, stämmig und daher vermögend, etwas zu ertragen); verb. robustus et valens (z.B. homo). – lacertosus (muskulös, voll Muskelkraft). – corpore vigens. corpore validus. corpore robusto (ersteres von dem, der einen in Jugendfrische stehenden Körper, das zweite von dem, der große Leibeskraft, letzteres von dem, der einen von Natur derben Körper hat). – fortis (nachdrücklich wirkend, mit Kraft auftretend, mit Kraft und Nachdruck sprechend). – potens. efficax (mächtig, wirksam, von Arzneien). – gravis (mit Kraft auf die Gemüter einwirkend, von der Rede und dem Redner). – nervosus (voll Kraft im Ausdruck, vom Redner). – acer (feurig, energisch, v. Redner, Lehrer etc.). – ratus (gültig, als Gesetz angenommen, Ggstz. nicht kräftig od. gültig, irritus). – k. sein, corpore vigere. corpore robusto esse. corpore valere od. validum esse (körperlich rüstig, stark sein); bonis viribus esse (von guten Kräften sein). – k. werden, validum, firmum, robustum esse coepisse; vires od. (v. Menschen) corporis vires habere incipere (anfangen Kräfte, Körperkräfte zu haben). – kräftiger werden, validiorem, firmiorem, robustiorem fieri; validiorem, firmiorem, robustiorem esse coepisse. – k. Rede, k. Worte, nervi orationis; oratio gravis: ein k. Vortrag, actio plena spiritus (voll Geist u. Leben). – Adv.nervose. graviter (beide z.B. reden, dicere). – er sprach so k., so nachdrucksvoll, daß er etc., tantā vitantāque gravitate dixit, ut etc: jmd. (bei einem Antrage) aufs kräftigste unterstützen, alqm enixissime iuvare.

    deutsch-lateinisches > kräftig

  • 47 begründen

    begründen, I) mit einer festen Grundlage versehen: fundare. – firmare. confirmare (befestigen). [371] – stabilire (Dauer u. Halt geben). – constituere (fest hinstellen, feststehen machen, z. B. fortunas tenuiorum). – ad artem et ad praecepta revocare (auf Kunstregeln zurückführen, z. B. eloquentiam). – fest u. dauerhaft b., stabilem et aeternum facere (z. B. imperium). – auf das Recht begründet sein, iure niti. – fest, wohl begründet. firmus. firmissimus (fest, unerschütterlich, Ggstz. labans [wankend]); stabilis (unbeweglich feststehend, Ggstz. mobilis); verb. firmus et stabilis; solidus (reell. z. B. gloria, gratia). – II) mit Gründen beweisen: argumentis confirmare. – probare (übh. andern beifallswert machen, dartun).

    deutsch-lateinisches > begründen

  • 48 Charakter

    Charakter, I) Charaktere, d. i. geheime Schriftzeichen, notae. – II) der Inbegriff der Merkmale od. Eigentümlichkeiten eines Ggstds.: a) übh.: nota alcis rei (Kennzeichen, Gepräge, Stempel, der gleichs. einer Sache aufgedrückt ist u. woran etw. erkannt wird). – forma et quasi naturalis nota alcis rei (Gestalt u. gleichs. von der Natur aufgedrücktes Kennzeichen). – habitus (das Sich-Gehaben, das Wesen einer Sache, z. B. orationis virilis). – der Ch. eines Schriftstellers (in Hinsicht der Schreibart), stilus: einen drohenden Ch. haben, habere atrocitatis aliquid: den Ch. von etw. haben, an sich tragen, prae se ferre alqd (zeigen, beurkunden); habere mit Akk. od. habere aliquid mit Genet. (als eigentümlich haben); similem esse alcis rei (einer Sache ähnlich sein); esse m. Ablat. eines Subst. u. Adj. (von der u. der Eigenschaft sein, z. B. essesumma gravitate, v. der Rede): einen fremden Ch. annehmen, se externis oblinere moribus (z. B. von der Beredsamkeit). – b) die einer Person etc. eigentümliche Denk- u. Handlungsweise: habitus (das Sich-Gehaben, das ganze Wesen jmds.; dah. naturae ipsius habitus prope divinus). – natura. indoles. ingenium. animus (erstere drei die dem Menschen angeborene Richtung des Charakters [vgl. »Anlage« den genauern Untersch.]; animus, die ganze geistige Natur des Menschen übh.). – mos (Sitte, z. B. omnis mos Lacedaemoniorum). – mores (Sitten u. Betragen). – vita (Lebensweise). – persona (eig. die [537] Maske; dann meton. = die Rolle, die jmd. auf der Bühne od. im Leben spielt). – oft (zur Bezeichnung der verschiedenen Seiten des Charakters) verb. natura et mores; natura moresque; mores naturaque: ingenium ac mores; vita moresque; mos et natura (z. B. gentis). – mit einem Adjektiv im Latein. oft bl. durch das dem Adjektiv entsprechende Substantiv, z. B. liebenswürdiger Ch. jmds., iucunditas alcis. – von sanftem Ch., mitis ingenio: von festem Ch., s. charakterfest: von wetterwendischem, wankelmütigem Ch., varius ingenio. – seinen Ch. bilden, mores conformare. – Charakterähnlichkeit, similitudo morum, im Zshg. bl. similitudo (Ähnlichkeit der Sitten, Ggstz. morum dissimilitudo). – congruentia morum (Übereinstimmung der Sitten). – es besteht Ch. zwischen ihm u. mir, eius mores a meis non abhorrent. – Charaktereigentümlichkeit, proprietas. – Charakterfehler, morum vitium. – vitium insigne (ein auffallender Fehler). – ein tief eingewurzelter Ch., vitium moribus penitus insitum. – wenn ein Ch. tief eingewurzelt ist, si quid est penitus insitum moribus. – charakterfest, firmus (fest, zuverlässig, Ggstz. infirmus). – constans (beständig, konsequent im Denken und Handeln, Ggstz. inconstans, mobilis, varius). – gravis animo, gew. bl. gravis (in seinen Grundsätzen nicht schwankend, stark von Grundsätzen, Ggstz. levis). – sehr ch. sein, auch magnā esse constantiā. – Charakterfestigkeit, firmitas animi, auch bl. firmitas. animus firmus (Seelenfestigkeit, Zuverlässigkeit, Ggstz. infirmitas, animus infirmus). – constantia (Beständigkeit, Konsequenz im Denken u. Handeln, Ggstz. inconstantia). – gravitas (Stärke der Grundsätze, Ggstz. levitas). – große Ch. besitzen, magnā esse constantiā.

    deutsch-lateinisches > Charakter

  • 49 gewiß

    gewiß, I) Adj.: 1) fest, sicher, zuverlässig: certus (bestimmt, zuverlässig). – firmus (fest, zuverlässig). – stabilis (wer od. was nicht wankt [1118] od. weicht; dann – unwandelbar, standhaft; alle v. Dingen u. Pers.). – fidus (worauf man sich verlassen kann, zuverlässig, sicher, v. Pers. u. Dingen, z.B. Romanis pax fida cum Porsenna fuit). – praesens (schnell wirkend, schnell erfolgend, z.B. Arzneimittel, Tod etc.). – exploratus (ausgemacht, keinem Zweifel mehr unterworfen, z.B. Sieg). – status (festgesetzt, keiner Veränderung unterworfen, z.B. Einkommen, reditus). – ein g. Freund, amicus certus, fidus, firmus et stabilis: uns allen ist der Tod g., mors nos omnes manet: es ist bei mir g. (d. i. fest beschlossen), certum est mihi; certum est deliberatumque; stat od. est sententia: stat mihi; auch bl. stat: statutum habeo; alle mit folg. Infin.: seiner Sache g. sein, rem exploratam habere (etw. g. wissen): um seiner Sache gewiß zu sein (schickte er einen Kundschafter ab etc.), ut hac de re certior fieret etc.: ohne seiner Sache g. zu sein, sine certa re.

    2) irgend einer, wenn man im allgemeinen eine Bestimmung angeben will, die nicht näher bezeichnet wird: quidam (τίς steht überall da, wo man einen bestimmten Gegenstand im allgemeinen andeuten will, dessen Namen etc. man nicht angeben kann od. will). – certus (unser »namhaft«, steht da, wo der Redende oder Schreibende den bestimmten Gegenstand aus erheblichen Gründen nicht näher bezeichnen will). – nescio qui od. nescio quis (ein gewisser, ich weiß selbst nicht welcher, deutet an, daß der Redende den damit bezeichneten Gegenstand selbst nicht genau bestimmen kann, oft auch mit verächtlichem Nebenbegr.).

    II) Adv.: 1) bestimmt, ohne Zweifel: certo (mit Entschiedenheit, mit Bestimmtheit, gibt an, daß der Redende mit seinem Urteil völlig im reinen ist). – liquido (klar, bezeichnet, daß das, was man behauptet etc., als völlig ausgemacht gilt, vor Augen liegt, z.B. dicere [sagen, behaupten]: u. discere [erfahren] ab alqo). – haud dubie. sine ulla dubitatione (ohne Zweifel, ganz gewiß, um die Behauptung, das Urteil des Redenden als keinem Zweifel unterworfen zu bezeichnen). – profecto (fürwahr, in der Tat, dient zur Beteuerung einer Tatsache). – vero (in Wahrheit, bekräftigt den ausgesprochenen Gedanken). – sane (gewiß, weil es bei gesundem Verstande nicht anders gedacht werden kann; dah. sane non – gewiß keineswegs, z.B. res sane non recondita, gewiß sehr klare). – utique (schlechterdings, gewiß, um jede beliebige Aussage mit Zuversicht zu bekräftigen, z.B. res utique inexpertis horrenda). – nimirum (laß dich nicht wundern, natürlich, gewiß, um eine Aussage als offenbar keines Beweises bedürftig darzustellen, z.B. nimirum recte, d. i. gewiß richtig, nämlich: ist diese Behauptung). – saltem (wenigstens, wenn man von dem Höhern zu dem Geringern herabsteigt, zur Beschränkung eines einzelnen Begriffs). – ferme (gewiß, ich wollte wetten etc., bei Zahlen, wie wenn wir sagen: es waren gewiß dreißig). – credo (ich glaube) mit Akk. u. Infin. – wenn nicht... doch gewiß, si non... at saltem; si non... at certe. – etwas g. wissen, certo (pro certo) scire; pro explorato habere alqd; exploratum habeo [1119] alqd od. mihi est alqd: ganz g. wissen, satis pro certo scire: man weiß g., inter omnes constat od. bl. constat (es steht als ausgemachte Sache fest): das Gerücht meldete, daß etc.... niemand wußte es g., fama nuntiabat... auctor erat nemo. – man glaubt gewiß, pro certo creditur: ich glaube g., daß etc., persuasum est mihi od. persuasi mihi. 2) restringierend bekräftigend (= sicher, auf jeden Fall): a) übh. (auch als Antwort): certe. – ganz g., certe quidem od. quidem certe. – b) ironisch, um anzuzeigen, daß man an etw. zweifelt: certe; quidem certe, z.B. diesem gewiß vertraust du dein Leben an? huic quidem certe vitam tuam committis?

    deutsch-lateinisches > gewiß

  • 50 haltbar

    haltbar, satis munitus (gehörig befestigt). – praesidio satis valido firmatus (durch eine hinlänglich starke Besatzung gedeckt; beide von Städten etc.). – firmus (fest, dauerhaft, z.B. vinum; eig. und bildl., nicht leicht umzuwerfen od. zu verwerfen, z.B. Schanze, munimentum). – stabilis (feststehend; uneig. = unabänderlich, unumstößlich, z.B. sententia); verb. stabilis et firmus (z.B. Schiff, Grund). – diuturnus (langdauernd, z.B. v. Obst). – probabilis (annehmlich, wahrscheinlich, z.B. causa, ratio). – nicht sehr h., admodum exilis (z.B. argumentum). – h. machen, munire (eig., befestigen); firmare (eig., fest-, unnehmbar machen); z.B. durch Befestigungswerke, munitionibus).: h. sein, satis munitum esse (eig., von Städten etc.); diu servari (sich lange halten, v. Getreide, Obst etc., vgl. »halten no. I, 2, b, α«); aliquid stabilitatis habere (uneig., von Meinungen). – desto haltbarer werden, eo diuturniorem fieri (z.B. vom Obst).

    deutsch-lateinisches > haltbar

  • 51 standhaft

    standhaft, stabilis (unveränderlich). – constans (beständig, sich gleichbleibend). – firmus (fest; alle drei z.B. Freund). – ein st. Mut, animus firmus: st. sein, stare animo (v. einem); stare animis (v. mehreren): st. sein in etwas (im Schmerz etc.), aequo animo od. constanter ferre alqd: st. bleiben, verharren bei etw., stare in alqa re (z.B. in sententia). – Adv.stabili et firmo animo (mit unveränderlichem u. festem Sinn). – constanter (beständig, sich gleichbleibend, z.B. dolorem ferre). – aequo animo (mit Gleichmut, z.B. dolorem ferre). – firmissime (steif u. fest, z.B. alqd asseverare). – halte st. aus, perfer et obdura; persta et obdura.

    deutsch-lateinisches > standhaft

  • 52 zuverlässig

    zuverlässig, certus (sicher, auf den oder das man sich verlassen kann, z.B. testis, auctor, amicus: u. tempestas). – firmus (fest, unerschütterlich). – constans (immer sich gleichbleibend, standhaft, beharrlich); verb. certus et constans od. firmus et constans (z.B. amicus). – fidus (dem man trauen kann, treu, z.B. amicus: u. custodia canum). – fidelis (der Treue hält, getreu). – spectatae fidei (von erprobter Treue, z.B. servus). – verus (wahr). – ein z. Briefbote, qui cum fide litteras perfert: ein z. Geschichtschreiber, scriptor, qui ad historiae fidem narrat. – z. sein, constantem esse. constantiam servare oder retinere. magnā fide esse (von Pers.); constare (von Sachen, z.B. von der Treue): nichts Zuverlässiges darüber wissen, certum non scire. – Adv. certo (gewiß). – pro certo (für gewiß, z.B. affirmare, polliceri). – fideliter (getreulich, z.B. quo fidelius litterae ad [2850] te perferantur). – etwas z. wissen, alqd pro certo scire; alqd certis auctoribus comperisse: ich weiß z., certum scio; certo scio; certo comperi: certum oder pro certo habeo: ich hoffe z., certam spem habeo.

    deutsch-lateinisches > zuverlässig

  • 53 firme

    firmē, adv. [firmus] solidement, fermement, fortement. --- Cic. Fin. 1, 71.    - firmius --- Plin. 35, 165.    - firmissime --- Cic. Att. 10, 14, 3.
    * * *
    firmē, adv. [firmus] solidement, fermement, fortement. --- Cic. Fin. 1, 71.    - firmius --- Plin. 35, 165.    - firmissime --- Cic. Att. 10, 14, 3.
    * * *
        Firme, Aduerbium. Cic. Fermement, Soingneusement, Asseureement.
    \
        Firme respondere. Plin. iunior. Fermement, Asseureement et sans crainte.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > firme

  • 54 firmitudo

    firmĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [firmus} [st1]1 [-] solidité.    - Caes. BG. 3, 13, 8 ; 4, 17, 7. [st1]2 [-] fig. fermeté, constance, force de résistance.    - Cic. Att. 11, 14, 2 ; Fam. 5, 13, 3 ; 6, 6, 13.    - firmitudo animi: fermeté (de caractère).
    * * *
    firmĭtūdo, ĭnis, f. [firmus} [st1]1 [-] solidité.    - Caes. BG. 3, 13, 8 ; 4, 17, 7. [st1]2 [-] fig. fermeté, constance, force de résistance.    - Cic. Att. 11, 14, 2 ; Fam. 5, 13, 3 ; 6, 6, 13.    - firmitudo animi: fermeté (de caractère).
    * * *
        Firmitudo animi. Cic. Fermeté de cueur, Constance.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > firmitudo

  • 55 adversa

    ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., with in or dat.:

    illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

    in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

    Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

    malis numen,

    Verg. A. 4, 611:

    huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

    Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—
    B.
    Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

    classem in portum,

    Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

    terrae proras,

    Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

    Colchos puppim,

    Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

    profugi advertere coloni,

    landed, Sil. 1, 288;

    hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

    Verg. A. 7, 196:

    pedem ripae,

    id. ib. 6, 386:

    urbi agmen,

    id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

    Scythicas advertitur oras,

    Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

    si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

    nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

    advertunt animos ad religionem,

    Lucr. 3, 54:

    monitis animos advertite nostris,

    Ov. M. 15, 140:

    animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

    Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

    ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

    adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

    Liv. 4, 45.—
    B.
    Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

    et hoc animum advorte,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

    hanc edictionem,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    haec animum te advertere par est,

    Lucr. 2, 125:

    animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

    Postquam id animum advertit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

    quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

    Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

    ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

    as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

    postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

    animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

    quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

    Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

    qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

    attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

    donec advertit Tiberius,

    Tac. A. 4, 54:

    Zenobiam advertere pastores,

    id. ib. 12, 51:

    advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

    id. ib. 13, 54:

    quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

    id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

    hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

    ut multos adverto credidisse,

    id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

    animis advertite vestris,

    Verg. A. 2, 712:

    hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

    Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—
    C.
    To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

    gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

    Tac. A. 1, 41:

    octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

    id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—
    D.
    To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

    non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

    i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

    advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 48.—
    E.
    Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

    in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

    Tac. A. 2, 32:

    ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

    id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,
    1.
    adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
    A.
    In gen.:

    solem adversum intueri,

    Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

    Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

    Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

    antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

    quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

    L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

    in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

    adversis vulneribus,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

    judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

    cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

    id. Verr. 5, 3:

    impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

    ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

    adversa signa,

    Liv. 30, 8:

    legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

    i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

    armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

    Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

    qui timet his adversa,

    the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

    in adversum flumen contendere,

    Lucr. 4, 423:

    adverso feruntur flumine,

    id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

    adverso amne,

    Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

    adverso Tiberi subvehi,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

    rate in secundam aquam labente,

    Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

    navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

    portus ex adverso urbi positus,

    Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

    Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

    Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

    cum ex adverso starent classes,

    Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

    et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

    against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

    in adversum Romani subiere,

    Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—
    B.
    In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

    hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

    advorsus nemini,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

    mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

    Cic. Sull. 10:

    acclamatio,

    id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

    adversis auspiciis,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

    adversum omen,

    Suet. Vit. 8:

    adversissima auspicia,

    id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

    ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

    adversi casus,

    Nep. Dat. 5:

    adversae rerum undae,

    a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

    quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

    Liv. 6, 40:

    adversus annus frugibus,

    id. 4, 12:

    valetudo adversa,

    i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

    adversum proelium,

    an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

    8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

    to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

    adversa subsellia,

    on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

    quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

    Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

    neque est aliud adversius,

    Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—
    * Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

    advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

    nihil adversi,

    Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

    si quid adversi accidisset,

    Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

    secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

    Plin. Pan. 31;

    esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

    id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

    multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

    Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—
    C.
    In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.
    3.
    adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
    A.
    Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

    ibo advorsum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

    facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

    obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

    Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

    adversus resistere,

    Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

    nemo adversus ibat,

    Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

    solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

    ei advorsum venimus,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—
    B.
    Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
    1.
    In a friendly sense.
    (α).
    Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

    adversus advocatos,

    Liv. 45, 7, 5:

    medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

    opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

    adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

    Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

    Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

    id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—
    (β).
    In the presence of any one, before:

    egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

    immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

    what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

    mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

    Titin. ib. 232, 21:

    utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

    Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

    adversus ea consul... respondit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—
    (γ).
    In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

    repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

    will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

    quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

    id. 7, 32, 8.—
    (δ).
    Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

    quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

    te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

    i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

    lentae adversum imperia aures,

    Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

    Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

    adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

    id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

    sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

    adversus merita ingratissimus,

    Vell. 2, 69, 5:

    summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

    Liv. 3, 33, 8:

    ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

    id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

    beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

    Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely
    (ε).
    of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

    epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

    as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

    quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

    in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—
    2.
    In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

    advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

    advorsum te fabulare illud,

    against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

    stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

    adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

    respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

    69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

    id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

    gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

    adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

    Liv. 3, 66:

    bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

    copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

    Liv. 8, 2, 5:

    adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

    id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

    T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

    Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

    adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

    Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

    frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

    Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

    egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

    advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

    Sall. J. 43, 5:

    invictus adversum gratiam animus,

    Tac. A. 15, 21:

    adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

    Suet. Tib. 28:

    Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

    fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

    Curt. 4, 14:

    infirmus adversum pecuniam,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

    inferior adversus laborem,

    id. Epit. 40, 20.
    ► a.
    Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

    egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

    hunc adversus,

    Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

    quos advorsum ierat,

    Sall. J. 101, 8.—
    b.
    It sometimes suffers tmesis:

    Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

    animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

    Sall. J. 58:

    animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

    id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

    in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

    Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adversa

  • 56 adverto

    ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., with in or dat.:

    illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

    in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

    Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

    malis numen,

    Verg. A. 4, 611:

    huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

    Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—
    B.
    Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

    classem in portum,

    Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

    terrae proras,

    Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

    Colchos puppim,

    Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

    profugi advertere coloni,

    landed, Sil. 1, 288;

    hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

    Verg. A. 7, 196:

    pedem ripae,

    id. ib. 6, 386:

    urbi agmen,

    id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

    Scythicas advertitur oras,

    Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

    si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

    nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

    advertunt animos ad religionem,

    Lucr. 3, 54:

    monitis animos advertite nostris,

    Ov. M. 15, 140:

    animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

    Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

    ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

    adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

    Liv. 4, 45.—
    B.
    Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

    et hoc animum advorte,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

    hanc edictionem,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    haec animum te advertere par est,

    Lucr. 2, 125:

    animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

    Postquam id animum advertit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

    quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

    Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

    ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

    as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

    postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

    animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

    quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

    Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

    qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

    attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

    donec advertit Tiberius,

    Tac. A. 4, 54:

    Zenobiam advertere pastores,

    id. ib. 12, 51:

    advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

    id. ib. 13, 54:

    quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

    id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

    hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

    ut multos adverto credidisse,

    id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

    animis advertite vestris,

    Verg. A. 2, 712:

    hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

    Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—
    C.
    To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

    gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

    Tac. A. 1, 41:

    octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

    id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—
    D.
    To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

    non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

    i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

    advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 48.—
    E.
    Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

    in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

    Tac. A. 2, 32:

    ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

    id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,
    1.
    adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
    A.
    In gen.:

    solem adversum intueri,

    Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

    Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

    Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

    antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

    quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

    L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

    in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

    adversis vulneribus,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

    judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

    cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

    id. Verr. 5, 3:

    impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

    ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

    adversa signa,

    Liv. 30, 8:

    legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

    i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

    armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

    Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

    qui timet his adversa,

    the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

    in adversum flumen contendere,

    Lucr. 4, 423:

    adverso feruntur flumine,

    id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

    adverso amne,

    Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

    adverso Tiberi subvehi,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

    rate in secundam aquam labente,

    Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

    navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

    portus ex adverso urbi positus,

    Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

    Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

    Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

    cum ex adverso starent classes,

    Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

    et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

    against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

    in adversum Romani subiere,

    Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—
    B.
    In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

    hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

    advorsus nemini,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

    mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

    Cic. Sull. 10:

    acclamatio,

    id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

    adversis auspiciis,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

    adversum omen,

    Suet. Vit. 8:

    adversissima auspicia,

    id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

    ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

    adversi casus,

    Nep. Dat. 5:

    adversae rerum undae,

    a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

    quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

    Liv. 6, 40:

    adversus annus frugibus,

    id. 4, 12:

    valetudo adversa,

    i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

    adversum proelium,

    an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

    8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

    to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

    adversa subsellia,

    on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

    quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

    Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

    neque est aliud adversius,

    Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—
    * Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

    advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

    nihil adversi,

    Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

    si quid adversi accidisset,

    Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

    secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

    Plin. Pan. 31;

    esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

    id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

    multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

    Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—
    C.
    In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.
    3.
    adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
    A.
    Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

    ibo advorsum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

    facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

    obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

    Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

    adversus resistere,

    Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

    nemo adversus ibat,

    Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

    solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

    ei advorsum venimus,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—
    B.
    Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
    1.
    In a friendly sense.
    (α).
    Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

    adversus advocatos,

    Liv. 45, 7, 5:

    medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

    opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

    adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

    Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

    Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

    id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—
    (β).
    In the presence of any one, before:

    egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

    immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

    what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

    mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

    Titin. ib. 232, 21:

    utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

    Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

    adversus ea consul... respondit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—
    (γ).
    In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

    repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

    will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

    quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

    id. 7, 32, 8.—
    (δ).
    Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

    quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

    te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

    i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

    lentae adversum imperia aures,

    Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

    Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

    adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

    id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

    sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

    adversus merita ingratissimus,

    Vell. 2, 69, 5:

    summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

    Liv. 3, 33, 8:

    ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

    id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

    beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

    Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely
    (ε).
    of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

    epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

    as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

    quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

    in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—
    2.
    In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

    advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

    advorsum te fabulare illud,

    against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

    stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

    adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

    respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

    69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

    id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

    gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

    adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

    Liv. 3, 66:

    bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

    copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

    Liv. 8, 2, 5:

    adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

    id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

    T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

    Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

    adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

    Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

    frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

    Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

    egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

    advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

    Sall. J. 43, 5:

    invictus adversum gratiam animus,

    Tac. A. 15, 21:

    adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

    Suet. Tib. 28:

    Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

    fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

    Curt. 4, 14:

    infirmus adversum pecuniam,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

    inferior adversus laborem,

    id. Epit. 40, 20.
    ► a.
    Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

    egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

    hunc adversus,

    Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

    quos advorsum ierat,

    Sall. J. 101, 8.—
    b.
    It sometimes suffers tmesis:

    Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

    animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

    Sall. J. 58:

    animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

    id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

    in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

    Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adverto

  • 57 advorto

    ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., with in or dat.:

    illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:

    in quamcunque domus lumina partem,

    Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:

    malis numen,

    Verg. A. 4, 611:

    huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,

    Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—
    B.
    Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:

    classem in portum,

    Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:

    terrae proras,

    Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:

    Colchos puppim,

    Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:

    profugi advertere coloni,

    landed, Sil. 1, 288;

    hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,

    Verg. A. 7, 196:

    pedem ripae,

    id. ib. 6, 386:

    urbi agmen,

    id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:

    Scythicas advertitur oras,

    Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:

    si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:

    nunc huc animum advortite ambo,

    id. ib. 3, 1, 169:

    advertunt animos ad religionem,

    Lucr. 3, 54:

    monitis animos advertite nostris,

    Ov. M. 15, 140:

    animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,

    Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:

    ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:

    adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,

    Liv. 4, 45.—
    B.
    Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):

    et hoc animum advorte,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:

    hanc edictionem,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 10:

    haec animum te advertere par est,

    Lucr. 2, 125:

    animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:

    Postquam id animum advertit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:

    quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,

    Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:

    ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,

    as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:

    postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:

    animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:

    quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,

    Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:

    qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,

    attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:

    donec advertit Tiberius,

    Tac. A. 4, 54:

    Zenobiam advertere pastores,

    id. ib. 12, 51:

    advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,

    id. ib. 13, 54:

    quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,

    id. ib. 15, 30 al.:

    hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:

    ut multos adverto credidisse,

    id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:

    animis advertite vestris,

    Verg. A. 2, 712:

    hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,

    Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—
    C.
    To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):

    gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,

    Tac. A. 1, 41:

    octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,

    id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—
    D.
    To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):

    non docet admonitio, sed advertit,

    i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:

    advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,

    Tac. H. 3, 48.—
    E.
    Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):

    in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,

    Tac. A. 2, 32:

    ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,

    id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,
    1.
    adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
    A.
    In gen.:

    solem adversum intueri,

    Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:

    Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,

    Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:

    antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:

    quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:

    L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,

    in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:

    adversis vulneribus,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:

    judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 28:

    cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,

    id. Verr. 5, 3:

    impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,

    ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:

    adversa signa,

    Liv. 30, 8:

    legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,

    i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:

    armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,

    Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:

    qui timet his adversa,

    the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:

    in adversum flumen contendere,

    Lucr. 4, 423:

    adverso feruntur flumine,

    id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:

    adverso amne,

    Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;

    adverso Tiberi subvehi,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:

    rate in secundam aquam labente,

    Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:

    navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:

    portus ex adverso urbi positus,

    Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:

    Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,

    Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:

    cum ex adverso starent classes,

    Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:

    et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,

    against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;

    in adversum Romani subiere,

    Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—
    B.
    In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:

    hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:

    advorsus nemini,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:

    mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,

    Cic. Sull. 10:

    acclamatio,

    id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:

    adversis auspiciis,

    Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:

    adversum omen,

    Suet. Vit. 8:

    adversissima auspicia,

    id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:

    ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,

    Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:

    adversi casus,

    Nep. Dat. 5:

    adversae rerum undae,

    a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):

    quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?

    Liv. 6, 40:

    adversus annus frugibus,

    id. 4, 12:

    valetudo adversa,

    i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:

    adversum proelium,

    an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.

    8, 31: adverso rumore esse,

    to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:

    adversa subsellia,

    on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:

    quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,

    Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:

    neque est aliud adversius,

    Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—
    * Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:

    advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:

    nihil adversi,

    Cic. Brut. 1, 4:

    si quid adversi accidisset,

    Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:

    secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,

    Plin. Pan. 31;

    esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,

    id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):

    multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,

    Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—
    C.
    In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.
    3.
    adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
    A.
    Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:

    ibo advorsum,

    Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:

    facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,

    id. Men. 2, 3, 82:

    obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?

    Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:

    adversus resistere,

    Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:

    nemo adversus ibat,

    Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):

    solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:

    ei advorsum venimus,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—
    B.
    Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
    1.
    In a friendly sense.
    (α).
    Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:

    adversus advocatos,

    Liv. 45, 7, 5:

    medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,

    opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:

    adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,

    Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:

    Lerina, adversum Antipolim,

    id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—
    (β).
    In the presence of any one, before:

    egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):

    immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,

    what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:

    mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,

    Titin. ib. 232, 21:

    utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,

    Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):

    adversus ea consul... respondit,

    Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—
    (γ).
    In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:

    repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,

    will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:

    quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,

    id. 7, 32, 8.—
    (δ).
    Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:

    quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:

    te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,

    i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:

    lentae adversum imperia aures,

    Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;

    Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:

    adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,

    id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:

    sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

    adversus merita ingratissimus,

    Vell. 2, 69, 5:

    summa adversus alios aequitas erat,

    Liv. 3, 33, 8:

    ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,

    id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:

    beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,

    Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely
    (ε).
    of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:

    epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,

    as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:

    quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,

    in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—
    2.
    In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:

    advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:

    advorsum te fabulare illud,

    against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:

    stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:

    adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:

    respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,

    id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §

    69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,

    id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:

    gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

    adversus se non esse missos exercitus,

    Liv. 3, 66:

    bellum adversum Xerxem moret,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:

    copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,

    Liv. 8, 2, 5:

    adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,

    id. 26, 25, 10 al.:

    T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,

    Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):

    adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,

    Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:

    frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,

    Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:

    egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,

    Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:

    advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,

    Sall. J. 43, 5:

    invictus adversum gratiam animus,

    Tac. A. 15, 21:

    adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,

    Suet. Tib. 28:

    Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:

    fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,

    Curt. 4, 14:

    infirmus adversum pecuniam,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:

    inferior adversus laborem,

    id. Epit. 40, 20.
    ► a.
    Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:

    egone ut te advorsum mentiar,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:

    hunc adversus,

    Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:

    quos advorsum ierat,

    Sall. J. 101, 8.—
    b.
    It sometimes suffers tmesis:

    Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 33:

    animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,

    Sall. J. 58:

    animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,

    id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:

    in Galliam vorsus castra movere,

    Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > advorto

  • 58 fortis

    fortis (archaic form FORCTIS, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Fest. s. v. sanates, p. 348 Müll.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 84; and perh. also in the form FORCTUS; v. id. s. v. horctum, p. 102; cf. Müll. ad Fest. p. 320, b), e, adj. [Sanscr. dhar-; v. forma, firmus], strong, powerful.
    I.
    Physically (rare;

    syn.: firmus, strenuus, incolumis, animosus): ecquid fortis visa est (mulier),

    powerful, Plaut. Mil. 4, 3, 13:

    set Bacchis etiam fortis tibi vissast?

    id. Bacch. 2, 2, 38: sicut fortis equus, spatio qui saepe supremo Vicit Olympia, nunc senio confectus quiescit, a powerful horse, Enn. ap. Cic. de Sen. 5, 14 (Ann. v. 441 ed. Vahl.); so,

    equus,

    Lucr. 3, 8; 764; 4, 987; Verg. A. 11, 705.— Poet. transf.:

    aquarum,

    Lucr. 6, 530:

    terrae pingue solum... Fortes invortant tauri,

    Verg. G. 1, 65:

    contingat modo te filiamque tuam fortes invenire,

    i. e. hearty, well, Plin. Ep. 4, 1 fin.; 4, 21, 4; 6, 4, 3:

    antecedebat testudo pedum LX., facta item ex fortissimis lignis,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 2, 4; so,

    ligna fortissima,

    Veg. 1, 24 fin.:

    invalidissimum urso caput, quod leoni fortissimum,

    Plin. 8, 36, 54, § 130:

    fortiores stomachi,

    id. 32, 7, 26, § 80:

    plantae fortiores fient,

    Pall. Febr. 24, 7:

    fortiorem illum (pontem) tueri, Auct. B. Alex. 19, 2: castra,

    Cic. Div. 1, 33, 72:

    aratra,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 10:

    fortiora remedia,

    Tac. A. 1, 29:

    humeri,

    Val. Fl. 1, 434:

    vincula,

    Sen. Hippol. 34: sol (with medius), powerful, i. e. fierce, hot, id. Med. 588:

    fortiora ad hiemes frumenta, legumina in cibo,

    Plin. 18, 7, 10, § 60:

    (vites) contra pruinas fortissimae,

    id. 14, 2, 4, § 23.—
    II.
    Mentally, strong, powerful, vigorous, firm, steadfast, stout, courageous, brave, manly, etc., answering to the Gr. andreios (very freq. in all periods and sorts of composition).
    A.
    Of human beings: fortis et constantis est, non perturbari in rebus asperis nec tumultuantem de gradu deici, ut dicitur;

    sed praesenti animo uti et consilio, nec a ratione discedere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23, 80:

    temperantia libidinem (aspernatur), ignaviam fortitudo: itaque videas rebus injustis justos maxime dolere, imbellibus fortes,

    id. Lael. 13, 47:

    gladiatores fortes et animosos et se acriter ipsos morti offerentes servare cupimus,

    id. Mil. 34, 92:

    rebus angustis animosus atque Fortis appare,

    Hor. C. 2, 10, 22:

    viri fortes et magnanimi,

    Cic. Off. 1, 19, 63:

    vir fortis et acris animi magnique,

    id. Sest. 20, 45:

    boni et fortes et magno animo praediti,

    id. Rep. 1, 5; 1, 3:

    sapientissimi et fortissimi,

    id. ib. 2, 34:

    vir liber ac fortis,

    id. ib. 2, 19:

    horum omnium fortissimi sunt Belgae,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 3:

    fortissimus vir,

    id. ib. 2, 25, 1; 2, 33, 4;

    3, 20, 2: hunc liberta securi Divisit medium, fortissima Tyndaridarum,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 100:

    vis recte vivere? quis non? Si virtus hoc una potest dare, fortis omissis Hoc age deliciis,

    id. Ep 1, 6, 30:

    seu quis capit acria fortis Pocula,

    id. S. 2, 6, 69: cavit, ne umquam infamiae ea res sibi esset, ut virum fortem decet, an honorable or worthy man, Ter. And. 2, 6, 13; cf.: FORCTIS frugi et bonus, sive validus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.; and:

    HORCTUM et FORCTUM pro bono dicebant,

    id. p. 102:

    ego hoc nequeo mirari satis, Eum sororem despondisse suam in tam fortem familiam... Familiam optimam occupavit,

    so respectable, honorable a family, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 9;

    (cf. bonus): vir ad pericula fortis,

    Cic. Font. 15, 33:

    nondum erant tam fortes ad sanguinem civilem,

    Liv. 7, 40, 2:

    vir contra audaciam fortissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 30, 85: vidi in dolore podagrae hospitem meum fortiorem, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 527, 33:

    imperator in proeliis strenuus et fortis,

    Quint. 12, 3, 5:

    virum fortem ac strenuum scio dixisse, etc.,

    Sall. C. 51, 16:

    si fortes fueritis in eo, quem nemo sit ausus defendere,

    if you had proceeded with vigor, energy, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 3.— Poet., with dat.:

    fugacibus,

    Ov. M. 10, 543; and with inf.:

    fortis et asperas Tractare serpentes,

    Hor. C. 1, 37, 26:

    contemnere honores,

    id. S. 2, 7, 86:

    aurum spernere fortior Quam cogere,

    id. C. 3, 3, 50; Stat. Th. 10, 906.—Prov.:

    fortes fortuna adjuvat,

    fortune favors the brave, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 26; cf.:

    fortes enim non modo fortuna adjuvat, ut est in vetere proverbio, sed multo magis ratio,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 4, 11: audendum est;

    fortes adjuvat ipsa Venus,

    Tib. 1, 2, 16: fortibus est fortuna viris data, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 262 ed. Vahl.;

    for which: audentes fortuna iuvat,

    Verg. A. 10, 284; and:

    audentes deus ipse juvat,

    Ov. M. 10, 586); cf. also elliptically: sedulo, inquam, faciam: sed fortuna fortes;

    quare conare, quaeso,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 4, 16; id. Fam. 7, 25.—
    B.
    Of animals (rare):

    fortes ad opera boves,

    Col. 6, 1, 2:

    bestiae et fortiora animalia,

    Lact. 6, 10, 13.—
    C.
    Of inanim. and abstr. things:

    ex quo fit, ut animosior senectus sit quam adolescentia et fortior,

    Cic. de Sen. 22, 72:

    fortibus oculis,

    with eyes sparkling with courage, id. Att. 15, 11, 1:

    fortissimo et maximo animo ferre,

    id. Fam. 6, 13 fin.:

    animus,

    Hor. S. 2, 5, 20:

    pectus,

    id. Epod. 1, 14; id. S. 2, 2, 136:

    fortissimo quodam animi impetu,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 8, 31:

    acerrima et fortissima populi Romani libertatis recuperandae cupiditas,

    id. Phil. 12, 3, 7:

    in re publica forte factum,

    id. Att. 8, 14, 2:

    ut nullum paulo fortius factum latere posset,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 14, 8:

    fortia facta,

    Sall. C. 59, 6; id. J. 53, 8; Liv. 26, 39, 3; Curt. 7, 2, 38:

    opera,

    service, Liv. 40, 36, 11:

    consilia,

    id. 9, 11, 4; 25, 31, 6; Cic. Sest. 23, 57; Tac. H. 3, 67:

    solatia,

    id. A. 4, 8:

    nulla poterat esse fortior contra dolorem et mortem disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 41:

    acerrimae ac fortissimae sententiae,

    id. Cat. 3, 6, 13:

    oratio fortis et virilis,

    id. de Or. 1, 54, 231; cf.:

    genus dicendi forte, vehemens,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 32:

    non semper fortis oratio quaeritur, sed saepe placida, summissa, lenis,

    id. ib. 2, 43, 183:

    placidis miscentem fortia dictis,

    Ov. M. 4, 652:

    verba,

    Prop. 1, 5, 14.—Hence, adv.: fortĭter.
    1.
    (Acc. to I.) Strongly, powerfully, vigorously (rare):

    astringere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 25:

    verberare virgis uvas,

    Pall. Oct. 19.— Comp.:

    sublatis fortius manibus,

    Petr. 9:

    fortius attrahere lora,

    Ov. R. Am. 398:

    ardere,

    id. M. 6, 708.— Sup.:

    fortissime urgentes,

    Plin. 9, 8, 9, § 32:

    rigorem fortissime servat ulmus,

    id. 16, 40, 77, § 210. —
    2.
    (Acc. to II.) Strongly, powerfully, boldly, intrepidly, valiantly, bravely, manfully (very freq. in all periods and kinds of composition):

    quae (vincla, verbera, etc.) tulisse illum fortiter et patienter ferunt,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 3, 7; cf.:

    fortiter et sapienter ferre,

    id. Att. 14, 13, 3:

    fortiter excellenterque gesta,

    id. Off. 1, 18, 61:

    facere quippiam (with animose),

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 6:

    repudiare aliquid (with constanter),

    id. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:

    bellum gerere,

    id. Fl. 39, 98; cf.:

    sustinere impetum hostium,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 11, 4:

    perire,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 42:

    absumptis rebus maternis atque paternis,

    manfully made away with, id. Ep. 1, 15, 27.— Comp.:

    pugnare,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

    evellere spinas animo an agro,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 4:

    et melius secat res,

    id. S. 1, 10, 15.— Sup.:

    Dolabella injuriam facere fortissime perseverat,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 31:

    restitit hosti,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fortis

  • 59 stabilis

    stăbĭlis, e, adj. [sto, prop. where one can stand; hence, pregn.], that stands firm; firm, steadfast, steady, stable (class.; esp. in the trop. sense; syn.: firmus, constans).
    I.
    Lit.:

    via plana et stabilis (opp. praeceps et lubrica),

    Cic. Fl. 42, 105:

    locus ad insistendum,

    Liv. 44, 5, 10:

    solum,

    id. 44, 9, 7:

    stabulum,

    Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 56:

    domus,

    id. Merc. 3, 4, 68:

    medio sedet insula ponto,

    Ov. F. 4, 303:

    per stabilem ratem tamquam viam,

    Liv. 21, 28, 8:

    elephanti pondere ipso stabiles,

    id. 21, 28, 12:

    stabilior Romanus erat,

    was more firm, stood his ground better, id. 44, 35, 19; cf.:

    stabili gradu impetum hostium excipere,

    id. 6, 12, 8; Tac. H. 2, 35; cf.:

    Romani stabili pugnae assueti,

    Liv. 28, 2, 7:

    pugna,

    id. 31, 35, 6:

    acies,

    id. 30, 11, 9:

    proelium,

    Tac. A. 2, 21:

    quae domus tam stabilis, quae tam firma civitas est, quae? etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 7, 23:

    stabilis pulsus,

    a steady pulse, Plin. 11, 37, 89, § 219:

    venae aquarum,

    steadily flowing, id. 30, 3, 28, § 48.—
    II.
    Trop., firm, enduring, durable, stable; immutable, unwavering; steadfast, intrepid (syn.:

    firmus, constans, certus): fundamentum,

    Lucr. 5, 1121:

    amici firmi et stabiles et constantes,

    Cic. Lael. 17, 62:

    stabilem se in amicitiā praestare,

    id. ib. 17, 64:

    stabile et fixum et permanens bonum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 14, 40:

    decretum stabile, fixum, ratum,

    id. Ac. 2, 9, 27:

    stabilis certaque sententia (opp. errans et vaga),

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2: urbs sedem stabilem non habebit, id. Marcell. 9, 29:

    matrimonium stabile et certum,

    id. Phil. 2, 18, 44:

    stabilis et certa possessio,

    id. Lael. 15, 55:

    praecepta firma, stabilia,

    id. Off. 1, 2, 6:

    opinio,

    id. N. D. 2, 2, 5:

    oratio stabilis ac non mutata,

    id. Mil. 34, 92:

    nihil est tam ad diuturnitatem memoriae stabile quam, etc.,

    id. de Or. 1, 28, 129:

    animus stabilis amicis,

    id. Inv. 1, 30, 47:

    virtus, Quae maneat stabili cum fugit illa (Fortuna) pede,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 30.—Of springs:

    aquae certae, stabilesque et salubres,

    unfailing, perennial, Plin. 31, 3, 28, § 48: eam (summam voluptatem) tum adesse, cum dolor omnis absit: eam stabilem appellas (opp. in motu), i. e. a fixed state or condition, Cic. Fin. 2, 23, 75.—Of feet, syllables, etc., in verse:

    spondei,

    Hor. A. P. 256; so,

    pedes, dochmius, syllabae, etc.,

    Quint. 9, 4, 97 sq.: stabilia probant, i. e. consisting of such feet, etc., id. 9, 4, 116.— Comp.:

    imperium stabilius,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 41.— Sup.: quaestus stabilissimus, Cato, R. R. praef. fin. —
    * b.
    Stabile est, with subject - clause, like certum est, it is settled, it is decided:

    profecto stabile'st, me patri aurum reddere,

    Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 25.—Hence, adv.: stăbĭlĭter (acc. to I.), firmly, durably, permanently (very rare):

    includatur tympanum,

    Vitr. 10, 14.— Comp.:

    fundare molem,

    Suet. Claud. 20.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > stabilis

  • 60 θρόνος

    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `throne, seat', also `chair of state, judge's seat'.
    Dialectal forms: Myc. tono, toronowoko
    Compounds: Compp., e. g. χρυσό-θρονος `with golden throne' (Il.)
    Derivatives: Diminutives θρονίς f. (Them.), θρόνιον (EM, Ptol.); further θρονίτης (cod. - τις) πρώτιστος H. (cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 24); θρονιτικός `throne-like' (Sidyma); denomin. verb θρονίζομαι `be placed on the throne' (LXX) with θρονιστής `enthroner' (liter. pap.), θρονισμός `enthronisation' (D. Chr.); also θρόνωσις `id.' (Pl. Euthd. 277d; as Rite of the Corybantes) as if from *θρονόομαι; cf. Chantraine Formation 279; on the facts v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 187.
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Formation like κλ-όνος (from κέλομαι(?); cf. also χρόνος and Κρόνος), from a verb `hold, support, bear', seen e. g. in Skt. perf. dā̆dhā́ra (would be Gr. *τέ-θορ-α), in the athem. root aor. dhr̥-thās (2. sg.), perhaps also in ἐν-θρ-εῖν φυλάσσειν H. (s. θρησκεύω); θρόνος would then be prop. "supporter, bearer". Greek relatives are: θόρναξ ὑποποδιον. Κύπριοι. η ἱερὸν Άπόλλωνος ἐν τῃ̃ Λακωνικῃ̃ H., prob. for *θρόναξ through metathesis and so directly derived from θρόνος. Forms with θρᾱ- are too far away: θρή-σασθαι with θρᾶ-νος (s. v.), θρῆ-νυς; θρά̄-σκω with θρησκεύω (s. v.); there is no indication that they have enything to do with θρόνος. - Representatives in other languages, e. g. Lat. ferē, frētus, firmus, Skt. caus. dhāráyati, dhárma- `right, custom', dháraṇa- `holding', give nothing new for Greek. More forms Pok. 252f., W.-Hofmann s. firmus, ferē, Mayrhofer s. dhāráyati. - However, Greek has no forms in - ον-ος, only - ων, - ων-ος and - ων, - ον-ος (Chantr. Form. 159ff); there is no certain instance of IE - ον-ος (as opposed to roots with o-vocalism, like βρόμ-ος); on the other hand most Greek words in - ον-ος are suspected to be of Pre-Greek origin; also there is no word for `chair' derived from the root * dher- (Pok. 252f, nor is there any Greek substantive which is certainly derived from this root (Pok. 252). So we can be rather certain that this word is Pre-Greek.
    Page in Frisk: 1,686-687

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > θρόνος

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