exhibit

fĕro, tuli, latum, ferre (ante-class. redupl. form in the tempp. perff.:

tetuli,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 84; 168; id. Men. 4, 2, 25; 66; id. Rud. prol. 68: tetulisti, Att. and Caecil. ap. Non. 178, 17 sq.:

tetulit,

Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 30; Ter. And. 5, 1, 13:

tetulerunt,

Lucr. 6, § 672:

tetulissem,

Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

tetulisse,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 2:

tetulero,

id. Cist. 3, 19:

tetulerit,

id. Poen. 3, 1, 58; id. Rud. 4, 3, 101), v. a. and n. [a wide-spread root; Sanscr. bhar-, carry, bharas, burden; Gr. pherô; Goth. bar, bairo, bear, produce, whence barn, child; Anglo-Saxon beran, whence Engl. bear, birth; cf. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 300; Fick, Vergl. Wort. p. 135. The perf. forms, tuli, etc., from the root tul-, tol-; Sanscr. tol-jami, lift, weigh; Gr. tlênai, endure, cf. talas, talanton; Lat. tollo, tolerare, (t)latus, etc. Cf. Goth. thulan, Germ. dulden, Geduld; Anglo-Sax. tholian, suffer. Supine latum, i. e. tlatum; cf. supra; v. Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 220; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 73], to bear, carry, bring. (For syn. cf.: gero, porto, bajulo, veho; effero, infero; tolero, patior, sino, permitto, etc.)

Lit.

In gen.:

ferri proprie dicimus, quae quis suo corpore bajulat, portari ea, quae quis in jumento secum ducit, agi ea, quae animalia sunt,

Dig. 50, 16, 235: oneris quidvis feret, Ter. Ph. 3, 3, 29:

quin te in fundo conspicer fodere aut arare aut aliquid ferre,

id. Heaut. 1, 1, 17:

numerus eorum, qui arma ferre possent,

Caes. B. G. 1, 29, 1:

arma et vallum,

Hor. Epod. 9, 13:

sacra Junonis,

id. S. 1, 3, 11:

cadaver nudis humeris (heres),

id. ib. 2, 5, 86:

argentum ad aliquem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 142; cf.:

symbolum filio,

id. Bacch. 2, 3, 30:

olera et pisciculos minutos ferre obolo in cenam seni,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 32; cf.:

vina et unguenta et flores,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 14:

discerpta ferentes Memora gruis,

id. S. 2, 8, 86; cf.:

talos, nucesque sinu laxo,

id. ib. 2, 3, 172:

in Capitolium faces,

Cic. Lael. 11, 37:

iste operta lectica latus per oppidum est ut mortuus,

id. Phil. 2, 41, 106:

lectica in Capitolium latus est,

Suet. Claud. 2:

circa judices latus (puer),

Quint. 6, 1, 47:

prae se ferens (in essedo) Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19.— Poet. with inf.:

natum ad Stygios iterum fero mergere fontes,

Stat. Ach. 1, 134.—Prov.:

ferre aliquem in oculis, or simply oculis,

i. e. to hold dear, love exceedingly, Cic. Phil. 6, 4, 11; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; Q. Cic. Fam. 16, 27, 2.—

In partic.

With the idea of motion predominating, to set in motion, esp. to move onward quickly or rapidly, to bear, lead, conduct, or drive away; with se or mid. (so esp. freq.), to move or go swiftly, to haste, speed, betake one's self; and of things, to flow, mount, run down.

Act.:

ubi in rapidas amnis dispeximus undas: Stantis equi corpus transvorsum ferre videtur Vis, et in advorsum flumen contrudere raptim: Et, quocumque oculos trajecimus, omnia ferri Et fluere assimili nobis ratione videntur,

Lucr. 4, 422 sq.:

ubi cernimus alta Exhalare vapore altaria, ferreque fumum,

to send up, id. 3, 432; cf.:

vis ut vomat ignes, Ad caelumque ferat flammai fulgura rursum,

id. 1, 725; and:

caelo supinas si tuleris manus,

raisest, Hor. C. 3, 23, 1:

te rursus in bellum resorbens Unda fretis tulit aestuosis,

id. ib. 2, 7, 16; cf.:

ire, pedes quocumque ferent,

id. Epod. 16, 21; and:

me per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,

id. C. 3, 29, 64:

signa ferre,

to put the standards in motion, to break up, Caes. B. G. 1, 39 fin.; 1, 40, 12; Liv. 10, 5, 1 al.:

pol, si id scissem, numquam huc tetulissem pedem,

have stirred foot, have come, Ter. And. 4, 5, 13:

pedem,

Verg. A. 2, 756; Val. Fl. 7, 112:

gressum,

to walk, Lucr. 4, 681; cf.:

agiles gressus,

Sil. 3, 180:

vagos gradus,

Ov. M. 7, 185:

vestigia,

Sil. 9, 101:

vagos cursus,

id. 9, 243.— Absol.:

quo ventus ferebat,

bore, drove, Caes. B. G. 3, 15, 3:

interim, si feret flatus, danda sunt vela,

Quint. 10, 3, 7:

itinera duo, quae extra murum ad portum ferebant,

led, Caes. B. C. 1, 27, 4:

pergit ad speluncam, si forte eo vestigia ferrent,

Liv. 1, 7, 6.—Prov.:

in silvam ligna ferre,

to carry coals to Newcastle, Hor. S. 1, 10, 34.—

With se or mid., to move or go swiftly, to hasten, rush:

cum ipsa paene insula mihi sese obviam ferre vellet,

to meet, Cic. Planc. 40, 96; cf.:

non dubitaverim me gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

hinc ferro accingor rursus... meque extra tecta ferebam,

Verg. A. 2, 672; 11, 779:

grassatorum plurimi palam se ferebant,

Suet. Aug. 32.—Of things as subjects:

ubi forte ita se tetulerunt semina aquarum,

i. e. have collected themselves, Lucr. 6, 672.—Mid.:

ad eum omni celeritate et studio incitatus ferebatur,

proceeded, Caes. B. C. 3, 78, 2:

alii aliam in partem perterriti ferebantur,

betook themselves, fled, id. B. G. 2, 24, 3:

(fera) supra venabula fertur,

rushes, springs, Verg. A. 9, 553:

huc juvenis nota fertur regione viarum,

proceeds, id. ib. 11, 530:

densos fertur moribundus in hostes,

rushes, id. ib. 2, 511:

quocumque feremur, danda vela sunt,

Cic. Or. 23, 75; cf.:

non alto semper feremur,

Quint. 12, 10, 37:

ego, utrum Nave ferar magna an parva, ferar unus et idem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 200:

non tenui ferar Penna biformis per liquidum aethera Vates,

fly, id. C. 2, 20, 1.—Of inanimate subjects:

(corpuscula rerum) ubi tam volucri levitate ferantur,

move, Lucr. 4, 195; cf.:

quae cum mobiliter summa levitate feruntur,

id. 4, 745; cf.:

tellus neque movetur et infima est, et in eam feruntur omnia nutu suo pondera,

Cic. Rep. 6, 17 fin.:

Rhenus longo spatio per fines Nantuatium, etc.... citatus fertur,

flows, Caes. B. G. 4, 10, 3; cf. Hirt. B. [p. 738] G. 8, 40, 3:

ut (flamma) ad caelum usque ferretur,

ascended, arose, Suet. Aug. 94.—

Rarely ferre = se ferre: quem procul conspiciens ad se ferentem pertimescit,

Nep. Dat. 4 fin. —

To carry off, take away by force, as a robber, etc.: to plunder, spoil, ravage:

alii rapiunt incensa feruntque Pergama,

Verg. A. 2, 374:

postquam te (i. e. exstinctum Daphnin) fata tulerunt,

snatched away, id. E. 5, 34. So esp. in the phrase ferre et agere, of taking booty, plundering, where ferre applies to portable things, and agere to men and cattle; v. ago.—

To bear, produce, yield:

plurima tum tellus etiam majora ferebat, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 942 sq.; cf.:

quae autem terra fruges ferre, et, ut mater, cibos suppeditare possit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 27, 67:

quem (florem) ferunt terrae solutae,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 10:

quibus jugera fruges et Cererem ferunt,

id. ib. 3, 24, 13:

angulus iste feret piper et thus,

id. Ep. 1, 14, 23:

(olea) fructum ramis pluribus feret,

Quint. 8, 3, 10.— Absol.:

ferundo arbor peribit,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2.—

Of a woman or sheanimal, to bear offspring, be pregnant:

ignorans nurum ventrem ferre,

Liv. 1, 34, 3;

of animals: equa ventrem fert duodecim menses, vacca decem, ovis et capra quinque, sus quatuor,

Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 19; cf.:

cervi octonis mensibus ferunt partus,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 112:

nec te conceptam saeva leaena tulit,

Tib. 3, 4, 90.— Poet.:

quem tulerat mater claro Phoenissa Laconi,

i. e. had borne, Sil. 7, 666.—

To offer as an oblation:

liba et Mopsopio dulcia melle feram,

Tib. 1, 7, 54; so,

liba,

id. 1, 10, 23:

lancesque et liba Baccho,

Verg. G. 2, 394:

tura superis, altaribus,

Ov. M. 11, 577.—

To get, receive, acquire, obtain, as gain, a reward, a possession, etc.:

quod posces, feres,

Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 106; cf.: quodvis donum et praemium a me optato;

id optatum feres,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 27:

fructus ex sese (i. e. re publica) magna acerbitate permixtos tulissem,

Cic. Planc. 38, 92:

partem praedae,

id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:

ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,

Juv. 13, 105:

coram rege sua de paupertate tacentes Plus poscente ferent,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 44.

Trop.

In gen., to bear, carry, bring:

satis haec tellus morbi caelumque mali fert,

bears, contains, Lucr. 6, 663;

veterrima quaeque, ut ea vina, quae vetustatem ferunt, esse debent suavissima,

which carry age, are old, Cic. Lael. 19, 67:

scripta vetustatem si modo nostra ferent,

will have, will attain to, Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 8:

nomen alicujus,

to bear, have, Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; cf.:

insani sapiens nomen ferat, aequus iniqui,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 15:

nomen,

Suet. Aug. 101; id. Calig. 47:

cognomen,

id. Aug. 43; id. Galb. 3; cf.:

ille finis Appio alienae personae ferendae fuit,

of bearing an assumed character, Liv. 3, 36, 1:

Archimimus personam ejus ferens,

personating, Suet. Vesp. 19; cf.

also: (Garyophyllon) fert et in spinis piperis similitudinem,

Plin. 12, 7, 15, § 30: fer mi auxilium, bring assistance, aid, help, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 29 (Trag. v. 50 ed. Vahl.); cf.:

alicui opem auxiliumque ferre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 9:

auxilium alicui,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 115; Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 19; Caes. B. G. 1, 13, 5; 4, 12, 5; Hor. Epod. 1, 21 et saep.: opem, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 31, 66 (Trag. v. 86 ed. Vahl.):

opem alicui,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 23; Ter. And. 3, 1, 15; id. Ad. 3, 4, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 1, 3 (with succurrere saluti); id. Fin. 2, 35, 118 (with salutem); id. Fam. 5, 4, 2:

subsidium alicui,

Caes. B. G. 2, 26, 2:

condicionem,

to proffer, id. ib. 4, 11, 3; cf. Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

Coriolanus ab sede sua cum ferret matri obviae complexum,

offered, Liv. 2, 40, 5:

si qua fidem tanto est operi latura vetustas,

will bring, procure, Verg. A. 10, 792:

ea vox audita laborum Prima tulit finem,

id. ib. 7, 118: suspicionem falsam, to entertain suspicion, Enn. ap. Non. 511, 5 (Trag. v. 348 ed. Vahl.).—

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) To move, to bring, lead, conduct, drive, raise:

quem tulit ad scenam ventoso gloria curru,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 177; so,

animi quaedam ingenita natura... recta nos ad ea, quae conveniunt causae, ferant,

Quint. 5, 10, 123; cf. absol.:

nisi illud, quod eo, quo intendas, ferat deducatque, cognoris,

Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 135:

exstincti ad caelum gloria fertur,

Lucr. 6, 8; cf.:

laudibus aliquem in caelum ferre,

to extol, praise, Cic. Fam. 10, 26, 2; cf. id. Rep. 1, 43; Quint. 10, 1, 99; Suet. Otho, 12; id. Vesp. 6:

eam pugnam miris laudibus,

Liv. 7, 10, 14; cf.:

saepe rem dicendo subiciet oculis: saepe supra feret quam fieri possit,

wilt exalt, magnify, Cic. Or. 40, 139:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

Liv. 4, 5, 6:

ferre in majus vero incertas res fama solet,

id. 21, 32, 7:

crudelitate et scelere ferri,

to be impelled, carried away, Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

praeceps amentia ferebare,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121; cf.:

ferri avaritia,

id. Quint. 11, 38:

orator suo jam impetu fertur,

Quint. 12 praef. §

3: eloquentia, quae cursu magno sonituque ferretur,

Cic. Or. 28, 97; cf.:

(eloquentia) feratur non semitis sed campis,

Quint. 5, 14, 31:

oratio, quae ferri debet ac fluere,

id. 9, 4, 112; cf.:

quae (historia) currere debet ac ferri,

id. 9, 4, 18; so often: animus fert (aliquem aliquo), the mind moves one to any thing:

quo cujusque animus fert, eo discedunt,

Sall. J. 54, 4; cf.:

milites procurrentes consistentesque, quo loco ipsorum tulisset animus,

Liv. 25, 21, 5; and:

qua quemque animus fert, effugite superbiam regiam,

id. 40, 4, 14:

si maxime animus ferat,

Sall. C. 58, 6; cf. Ov. M. 1, 775.—With an object-clause, the mind moves one to do any thing, Ov. M. 1, 1; Luc. 1, 67; Suet. Otho, 6; cf.

also: mens tulit nos ferro exscindere Thebas,

Stat. Th. 4, 753.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To carry off, take away:

omnia fert aetas, animum quoque,

Verg. E. 9, 51:

postquam te fata tulerunt,

id. ib. 5, 34:

invida Domitium fata tulere sibi,

Anthol. Lat. 4, 123, 8;

like efferre,

to carry forth to burial, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 89.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To bear, bring forth, produce:

haec aetas prima Athenis oratorem prope perfectum tulit,

Cic. Brut. 12, 45:

aetas parentum, pejor avis, tulit Nos nequiores,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 46:

Curium tulit et Camillum Saeva paupertas,

id. ib. 1, 12, 42.—

(Acc. to I. B. 6.) To bear away, to get, obtain, receive:

Cotta et Sulpicius omnium judicio facile primas tulerunt,

Cic. Brut. 49, 183:

palmam,

to carry off, win, id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

victoriam ex inermi,

to gain, Liv. 39, 51, 10; 2, 50, 2; 8, 8, 18:

gratiam et gloriam annonae levatae,

id. 4, 12, 8:

maximam laudem inter suos,

Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 4:

centuriam, tribus,

i. e. to get their votes, Cic. Planc. 20, 49; 22, 53; id. Phil. 2, 2, 4:

suffragia,

Suet. Caes. 13 (diff. from 8. a.):

responsum ab aliquo,

to receive, Cic. Cat. 1, 8, 19; Caes. B. G. 6, 4 fin.:

repulsam a populo,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 19, 54:

repulsam,

id. de Or. 2, 69 fin.; id. Phil. 11, 8, 19; id. Att. 5, 19 al.: calumniam, i. e. to be convicted of a false accusation, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

ita ut filius partem dimidiam hereditatis ferat,

Gai. Inst. 3, 8:

singulas portiones,

id. ib. 3, 16; 61.—

To bear, support any thing unpleasant; or pregn., to suffer, tolerate, endure.

To bear in any manner.

With acc.: servi injurias nimias aegre ferunt, Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

(onus senectutis) modice ac sapienter sicut omnia ferre,

Cic. de Sen. 1, 2:

aegre ferre repulsam consulatus,

id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

hoc moderatiore animo ferre,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 6:

aliquid toleranter,

id. ib. 4, 6, 2:

clementer,

id. Att. 6, 1, 3:

quod eo magis ferre animo aequo videmur, quia, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 48, § 126:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te, Celse, feremus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 17.—

With an object-clause:

ut si quis aegre ferat, se pauperem esse,

take it ill, Cic. Tusc. 4, 27, 59:

hoc ereptum esse, graviter et acerbe ferre,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152:

quomodo ferant veterani, exercitum Brutum habere,

id. Phil. 10, 7, 15.—

With de:

de Lentulo scilicet sic fero, ut debeo,

Cic. Att. 4, 6, 1:

quomodo Caesar ferret de auctoritate perscripta,

id. ib. 5, 2, 3:

numquid moleste fers de illo, qui? etc.,

id. ib. 6, 8, 3.—

Absol.:

sin aliter acciderit, humaniter feremus,

Cic. Att. 1, 2, 1:

si mihi imposuisset aliquid, animo iniquo tulissem,

id. ib. 15, 26, 4.—

Pregn., to bear or put up with, to suffer, tolerate, endure, sustain, resist.

With acc.: quis hanc contumeliam, quis hoc imperium, quis hanc servitutem ferre potest? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

qui potentissimorum hominum contumaciam numquam tulerim, ferrem hujus asseclae?

Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:

cujus desiderium civitas ferre diutius non potest,

id. Phil. 10, 10, 21:

cogitandi non ferebat laborem,

id. Brut. 77, 268:

unum impetum nostrorum,

Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 3:

vultum atque aciem oculorum,

id. ib. 1, 39, 1:

cohortatio gravior quam aures Sulpicii ferre didicissent,

to hear unmoved, Cic. Phil. 9, 4, 9:

vultum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 121:

multa tulit fecitque puer, sudavit et alsit,

id. A. P. 413:

spectatoris fastidia,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 215:

fuisse (Epaminondam) patientem suorumque injurias ferentem civium,

Nep. Epam. 7.—Of personal objects:

quem ferret, si parentem non ferret suum?

brook, Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 28:

optimates quis ferat, qui, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33:

vereor, ut jam nos ferat quisquam,

Quint. 8, 3, 25:

an laturi sint Romani talem regem,

id. 7, 1, 24:

quis enim ferat puerum aut adolescentulum, si, etc.,

id. 8, 5, 8.—

With an object-clause:

ferunt aures hominum, illa... laudari,

Cic. de Or. 2, 84, 344:

non feret assiduas potiori te dare noctes,

Hor. Epod. 15, 13; Ov. M. 2, 628:

illa quidem in hoc opere praecipi quis ferat?

Quint. 11, 3, 27; 11, 1, 69:

servo nubere nympha tuli,

Ov. H. 5, 12; cf.:

alios vinci potuisse ferendum est,

id. M. 12, 555. —

With quod:

quod rapta, feremus, dummodo reddat eam,

Ov. M. 5, 520:

illud non ferendum, quod, etc.,

Quint. 11, 3, 131. —

With the access, notion of publicity, to make public, to disclose, show, exhibit:

eum ipsum dolorem hic tulit paulo apertius,

Cic. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

laetitiam apertissime tulimus omnes,

id. Att. 14, 13, 2:

neque id obscure ferebat nec dissimulare ullo modo poterat,

id. Clu. 19, 54:

haud clam tulit iram adversus praetorem,

Liv. 31, 47, 4; cf.:

tacite ejus verecundiam non tulit senatus, quin, etc.,

id. 5, 28, 1.—

Prae se ferre, to show, manifest, to let be seen, to declare:

cujus rei tantae facultatem consecutum esse me, non profiteor: secutum me esse, prae me fero,

Cic. N. D. 1, 5, 12:

noli, quaeso, prae te ferre, vos plane expertes esse doctrinae,

id. ib. 2, 18, 47:

non mediocres terrores... prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

hanc virtutem prae se ferunt,

Quint. 2, 13, 11:

liberalium disciplinarum prae se scientiam tulit,

id. 12, 11, 21:

magnum animum (verba),

id. 11, 1, 37.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

(comae) turbatae prae se ferre aliquid affectus videntur,

Quint. 11, 3, 148:

oratio prae se fert felicissimam facilitatem,

id. 10, 1, 11.—

Of speech, to report, relate, make known, assert, celebrate:

haec omnibus ferebat sermonibus,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17, 2:

alii alia sermonibus ferebant Romanos facturos,

Liv. 33, 32, 3:

ferte sermonibus et multiplicate fama bella,

id. 4, 5, 6:

patres ita fama ferebant, quod, etc.,

id. 23, 31, 13; cf. with acc.:

hascine propter res maledicas famas ferunt,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 149:

famam,

id. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

fama eadem tulit,

Tac. A. 1, 5; cf. id. ib. 15, 60:

nec aliud per illos dies populus credulitate, prudentes diversa fama, tulere,

talk about, id. ib. 16, 2:

inimici famam non ita, ut nata est, ferunt,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 23:

quod fers, cedo,

tell, say, Ter. Ph. 5, 6, 17:

nostra (laus) semper feretur et praedicabitur, etc.,

Cic. Arch. 9, 21.—With an object-clause:

cum ipse... acturum se id per populum aperte ferret,

Liv. 28, 40, 2; id. ib. §

1: saepe homines morbos magis esse timendos ferunt quam Tartara leti,

Lucr. 3, 42:

Prognen ita velle ferebat,

Ov. M. 6, 470; 14, 527:

ipsi territos se ferebant,

Tac. H. 4, 78; id. A. 4, 58; 6, 26 (32); cf.:

mihi fama tulit fessum te caede procubuisse, etc.,

Verg. A. 6, 503:

commentarii ad senatum missi ferebant, Macronem praesedisse, etc.,

Tac. A. 6, 47 (53).—

Ferunt, fertur, feruntur, etc., they relate, tell, say; it is said, it appears, etc.—With inf.:

quin etiam Xenocratem ferunt, cum quaereretur ex eo, etc... respondisse, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2:

fuisse quendam ferunt Demaratum, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 19:

quem ex Hyperboreis Delphos ferunt advenisse,

id. N. D. 3, 23, 57; Hor. C. 3, 17, 2:

homo omnium in dicendo, ut ferebant, accrrimus et copiosissimus,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 45:

Ceres fertur fruges... mortalibus instituisse,

Lucr. 5, 14:

in Syria quoque fertur item locus esse, etc.,

id. 6, 755:

is Amulium regem interemisse fertur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3:

qui in contione dixisse fertur,

id. ib. 2, 10 fin.:

quam (urbem) Juno fertur terris omnibus unam coluisse,

Verg. A. 1, 15:

non sat idoneus Pugnae ferebaris,

you were accounted, held, Hor. C. 2, 19, 27:

si ornate locutus est, sicut fertur et mihi videtur,

Cic. de Or. 1, 11, 49; cf.: cum quaestor ex Macedonia venissem Athenas florente [p. 739] Academia, ut temporibus illis ferebatur, id. ib. § 45.—

To give out, to pass off a person or thing by any name or for any thing; and, in the pass., to pass for any thing, to pass current:

hunc (Mercurium) omnium inventorem artium ferunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 17, 1:

ut Servium conditorem posteri fama ferrent,

Liv. 1, 42, 4:

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

set himself up for, boast, Vell. 1, 11, 1:

avum M. Antonium, avunculum Augustum ferens,

boasting of, Tac. A. 2, 43; cf.:

qui ingenuum se et Lachetem mutato nomine coeperat ferre,

Suet. Vesp. 23:

ante Periclem, cujus scripta quaedam feruntur,

Cic. Brut. 7, 27 (quoted paraphrastically, Quint. 3, 1, 12): sub nomine meo libri ferebantur artis rhetoricae, Quint. prooem. 7; cf.:

cetera, quae sub nomine meo feruntur,

id. 7, 2, 24; Suet. Caes. 55; id. Aug. 31; id. Caes. 20:

multa ejus (Catonis) vel provisa prudenter vel acta constanter vel responsa acute ferebantur,

Cic. Lael. 2, 6:

qua ex re in pueritia nobilis inter aequales ferebatur,

Nep. Att. 1, 3.—

Polit. and jurid. t. t.

Suffragium or sententiam, to give in one's vote, to vote, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 1; cf.:

ferunt suffragia,

Cic. Rep. 1, 31; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

de quo foedere populus Romanus sententiam non tulit,

id. Balb. 15, 34; cf.:

de quo vos (judices) sententiam per tabellam feretis,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 104;

so of the voting of judges,

id. Clu. 26, 72;

of senators: parcite, ut sit qui in senatu de bello et pace sententiam ferat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 76; cf. id. Fam. 11, 21, 2.—

Legem (privilegium, rogationem) ad populum, or absol., to bring forward or move a proposition, to propose a law, etc.:

perniciose Philippus in tribunatu, cum legem agrariam ferret, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73; cf. id. Sull. 23, 65:

quae lex paucis his annis lata esset,

id. Corn. 1, 3 (vol. xi. p. 10 B. and K.):

familiarissimus tuus de te privilegium tulit, ut, etc.,

id. Par. 4, 32:

Sullam illam rogationem de se nolle ferri (shortly before: Lex ferri coepta),

id. Sull. 23, 65:

rogationem de aliquo, contra or in aliquem, ad populum, ad plebem,

id. Balb. 14, 33; id. Clu. 51, 140; id. Brut. 23, 89; Caes. B. C. 3, 1, 4; Liv. 33, 25, 7:

nescis, te ipsum ad populum tulisse, ut, etc.,

proposed a bill, Cic. Phil. 2, 43, 100:

ut P. Scaevola tribunus plebis ferret ad plebem, vellentne, etc.,

id. Fin. 2, 16, 54; cf. Liv. 33, 25, 6:

quod Sulla ipse ita tulit de civitate, ut, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 35, 102:

nihil de judicio ferebat,

id. Sull. 22, 63:

cum, ut absentis ratio haberetur, ferebamus,

id. Att. 7, 6, 2.— Impers.:

lato ut solet ad populum, ut equum escendere liceret,

Liv. 23, 14, 2. —

Judicem, said of the plaintiff, to offer or propose to the defendant as judge:

quem ego si ferrem judicem, refugere non deberet,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 15, 45; id. de Or. 2, 70, 285.—Hence, judicem alicui, in gen., to propose a judge to, i. e. to bring a suit against, to sue a person:

se iterum ac saepius judicem illi ferre,

Liv. 3, 57, 5; 3, 24, 5; 8, 33, 8.—

Mercant. t. t., to enter, to set or note down a sum in a book:

quod minus Dolabella Verri acceptum rettulit, quam Verres illi expensum tulerit, etc.,

i. e. has set down as paid, has paid, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 100 sq., v. expendo.—

Absol., of abstr. subjects, to require, demand, render necessary; to allow, permit, suffer:

ita sui periculi rationes ferre ac postulare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 105; cf.:

gravioribus verbis uti, quam natura fert,

id. Quint. 18, 57: quid ferat Fors, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. 203 ed. Vahl.):

quamdiu voluntas Apronii tulit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

ut aetas illa fert,

as is usual at that time of life, id. Clu. 60, 168:

ad me, ut tempora nostra, non ut amor tuus fert, vere perscribe,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5:

quod ita existimabam tempora rei publicae ferre,

id. Pis. 2, 5:

si ita commodum vestrum fert,

id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83:

si vestra voluntas feret,

if such be your pleasure, id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

ut opinio et spes et conjectura nostra fert,

according to our opinion, hope, and belief, id. Att. 2, 25, 2:

ut mea fert opinio,

according to my opinion, id. Clu. 16, 46: si occasio tulerit, if occasion require, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

dum tempus ad eam rem tulit, sivi, animum ut expleret suum,

Ter. And. 1, 2, 17: in hac ratione quid res, quid causa, quid tempus ferat, tu perspicies, Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 6:

natura fert, ut extrema ex altera parte graviter, ex altera autem acute sonent,

id. Rep. 6, 18.— Impers.:

sociam se cujuscumque fortunae, et, si ita ferret, comitem exitii promittebat (sc. res or fortuna),

Tac. A. 3, 15; so,

si ita ferret,

id. H. 2, 44.

gaudĕo, gāvīsus, 2 (archaic perf. gavisi, Liv. Andron. and Cass. Hem. ap. Prisc. p. 868 P.), v. n. and a. [Gr. gaiô, rejoice, for gaWiô; cf. gavisus; root gau-; gêtheô, ganumai, etc.; cf. agauros, proud, agê, astonishment], to rejoice, be glad or joyful respecting any thing, to take pleasure in, be pleased with, delight in (of inward joy, opp. laetari, to show one's self glad, exhibit joy; cf.:

gaudere decet, laetari non decet, quoniam docendi causa a gaudio laetitiam distinguimus,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 66); usually constr. with an object-clause, quod, the abl., or absol.; less freq. with the acc., cum, quia, the gen., si, etc.

With acc. and inf. or the simple inf.:

quae perfecta esse gaudeo vehementerque laetor,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136; cf.:

quem tamen esse natum et nos gaudemus et haec civitas dum erit laetabitur,

id. Lael. 4, 14:

salvum te advenire gaudeo,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 52:

venire tu me gaudes?

id. ib. 2, 2, 7:

quos sibi Caesar oblatos gavisus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13 fin.:

animus aliquid magnum agere gaudet,

Quint. 1, 2, 30; 2, 1, 5; 9, 2, 78:

laudari in bonis gaudent,

id. 5, 12, 22:

in domo vires remansuras esse gaudebant,

Curt. 10, 7, 15; Sen. ap. Quint. 8, 5, 18:

iterare culpam,

Tac. H. 3, 11; Plin. Pan. 12, 4; cf.:

motus doceri gaudet Ionicos,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; 3, 18, 15:

laedere gaudes,

id. S. 1, 4, 78:

spargere gaudes argumenta viri,

Juv. 9, 84.—

With quod:

sane gaudeo, quod te interpellavi,

Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 1:

gaude, quod spectant oculi te mille loquentem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 19:

quod scribis te a Caesare cottidie plus diligi, immortaliter gaudeo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; cf.:

bonis viris quod ais probari quae adhuc fecerimus, valde gaudeo,

id. Att. 9, 7, 6.—

With abl.:

ipsa liberatione et vacuitate omnis molestiae gaudemus, omne autem id, quo gaudemus, voluptas est,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

correctione,

id. Lael. 24, 90:

illis,

id. ib. 6, 22:

aequitate justitiaque,

id. ib. 22, 82:

hoc scientiae genere,

id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

praeda ac populationibus, magis quam otio aut requie,

Liv. 22, 9, 5:

scaena gaudens miraculis,

id. 5, 21, 9:

equis,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 26:

equis canibusque,

id. A. P. 162: rure, [p. 803] id. S. 1, 10, 45:

pictis tabellis,

id. ib. 1, 1, 72:

carmine (with delectari iambis),

id. Ep. 2, 2, 59:

gaude sorte tua,

id. Epod. 14, 15; cf.:

ille cubans gaudet mutata sorte,

id. S. 2, 6, 110:

ero gaude,

i. e. at your master's return, Cat. 31, 12; Juv. 6, 74; 209; 379;

7, 105.—Prov.: gaudet patientia duris,

Luc. 9, 403.—

Absol.:

tristis sit (servus), si eri sint tristes: hilarus sit, si gaudeant,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 6; 3, 4, 10:

gaudebat, me laudabat,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 5:

gaudeat an doleat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 12:

et irasci nos et gaudere fingimus,

Quint. 9, 2, 26:

si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 6:

de Bursa, te gaudere certo scio,

id. Fam. 7, 2, 2:

admonebo, ut in sinu gaudeant, gloriose loqui desinant,

id. Tusc. 3, 21, 51.—

With acc. (usually with homogeneous or general objects):

hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia,

Ter. And. 5, 5, 8; cf.: ut suum gaudium gauderemus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 1; Cat. 61, 119:

jam id gaudeo,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 25; cf.:

gaudeo, etsi nil scio quod gaudeam,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 62:

hoc aliud est, quod gaudeamus,

id. Eun. 5, 9, 11; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 63:

quod gaudere posset, hoc fuit,

Ov. M. 12, 607: nunc furit tam gavisos homines suum dolorem, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

gaudent natorum fata parentes,

Stat. Th. 4, 231:

tu dulces lituos ululataque proelia gaudes,

id. ib. 9, 724.—In pass.:

ista pars gaudenda mihi potius quam, etc.,

Symm. Ep. 3, 29.—

With cum, quia, si, in, etc.:

quom gravidam et quom te pulcre plenam aspicio, gaudeo,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 49; id. Truc. 2, 4, 33; 2, 6, 35:

quom tu's liber, gaudeo,

id. Men. 5, 9, 87:

quia vos tranquillos video, gaudeo et volupe est mihi,

id. Am. 3, 3, 3: Er. Gaude. He. Quid ego gaudeam? Er. Quia ego impero. Age, gaude modo, id. Capt. 4, 2, 59:

gaudes, si cameram percusti forte,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 273:

mea Clotho et Lachesis gaudent, si pascitur inguine venter,

Juv. 9, 136:

crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratris,

Lucr. 3, 72:

in puero,

Prop. 2, 4, 18 (28):

tibi gratulor, mihi gaudeo, te amo,

I for my part, as for myself, Cic. Fam. 6, 15; v. in the foll. the passage Lucr. 3, 145.—

Like chairein of inanim. and abstr. things, to rejoice in, delight in any thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

nec tantum Phoebo gaudet Parnasia rupes,

Verg. E. 6, 29; 9, 48:

postquam oleo gavisa cutis,

Stat. Th. 6, 847:

umore omnia hortensia gaudent,

Plin. 19, 8, 39, § 131:

rastris atque ablaqueationibus (myrrha),

id. 12, 15, 33 §

66: addebantur et laudes, quibus haud minus quam praemio gaudent militum animi,

Liv. 2, 60, 3:

oratio gaudebit occasione laetius decurrendi,

Quint. 12, 9, 2:

(paeon) ante se brevibus gaudet pyrrhichio vel choreo,

id. 9, 4, 111; 10, 7, 16:

(vites) Amineae pingui arvo maxime gaudeant,

Col. 3, 2, 16:

id (sc. consilium, animus) sibi solum per se sapit: id sibi gaudet,

rejoices for itself, Lucr. 3, 145.—

In partic.

In sinu or in se, to rejoice within one's self or secretly, to feel a quiet joy:

ut in sinu gaudeant,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 51:

qui sapit, in tacito gaudeat ille sinu,

Tib. 4, 13, 8 (cf.:

in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30):

tam gaudet in se tamque se ipse miratur,

Cat. 22, 17.—

Like the Gr. chairein, as a word of salutation (pure Lat. salvere):

Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere Albinovano Musa rogata refer,

take my greetings to Celsus, Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 1; so ib. 15.—Hence, gaudens, entis, P. a., joyful, cheerful (very rare):

interea cum Musis nos delectabimus animo aequo, immo vero etiam gaudenti ac libenti,

Cic. Att. 2, 4, 2; Prop. 3, 14 (4, 13), 9; Stat. S. 4, 6, 55:

si quis Forte coheredum senior male tussiet, huic tu Dic... gaudentem nummo te addicere,

with pleasure, gladly, Hor. S. 2, 5, 109.— Adv.: gauden-ter, rejoicingly (late Lat. and rare), Pseud. August. ad Fratr. Erem. Serm. 10 al.

gaudĕo, gāvīsus, 2 (archaic perf. gavisi, Liv. Andron. and Cass. Hem. ap. Prisc. p. 868 P.), v. n. and a. [Gr. gaiô, rejoice, for gaWiô; cf. gavisus; root gau-; gêtheô, ganumai, etc.; cf. agauros, proud, agê, astonishment], to rejoice, be glad or joyful respecting any thing, to take pleasure in, be pleased with, delight in (of inward joy, opp. laetari, to show one's self glad, exhibit joy; cf.:

gaudere decet, laetari non decet, quoniam docendi causa a gaudio laetitiam distinguimus,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 66); usually constr. with an object-clause, quod, the abl., or absol.; less freq. with the acc., cum, quia, the gen., si, etc.

With acc. and inf. or the simple inf.:

quae perfecta esse gaudeo vehementerque laetor,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136; cf.:

quem tamen esse natum et nos gaudemus et haec civitas dum erit laetabitur,

id. Lael. 4, 14:

salvum te advenire gaudeo,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 52:

venire tu me gaudes?

id. ib. 2, 2, 7:

quos sibi Caesar oblatos gavisus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 13 fin.:

animus aliquid magnum agere gaudet,

Quint. 1, 2, 30; 2, 1, 5; 9, 2, 78:

laudari in bonis gaudent,

id. 5, 12, 22:

in domo vires remansuras esse gaudebant,

Curt. 10, 7, 15; Sen. ap. Quint. 8, 5, 18:

iterare culpam,

Tac. H. 3, 11; Plin. Pan. 12, 4; cf.:

motus doceri gaudet Ionicos,

Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; 3, 18, 15:

laedere gaudes,

id. S. 1, 4, 78:

spargere gaudes argumenta viri,

Juv. 9, 84.—

With quod:

sane gaudeo, quod te interpellavi,

Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 1:

gaude, quod spectant oculi te mille loquentem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 19:

quod scribis te a Caesare cottidie plus diligi, immortaliter gaudeo,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 9; cf.:

bonis viris quod ais probari quae adhuc fecerimus, valde gaudeo,

id. Att. 9, 7, 6.—

With abl.:

ipsa liberatione et vacuitate omnis molestiae gaudemus, omne autem id, quo gaudemus, voluptas est,

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

correctione,

id. Lael. 24, 90:

illis,

id. ib. 6, 22:

aequitate justitiaque,

id. ib. 22, 82:

hoc scientiae genere,

id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

praeda ac populationibus, magis quam otio aut requie,

Liv. 22, 9, 5:

scaena gaudens miraculis,

id. 5, 21, 9:

equis,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 26:

equis canibusque,

id. A. P. 162: rure, [p. 803] id. S. 1, 10, 45:

pictis tabellis,

id. ib. 1, 1, 72:

carmine (with delectari iambis),

id. Ep. 2, 2, 59:

gaude sorte tua,

id. Epod. 14, 15; cf.:

ille cubans gaudet mutata sorte,

id. S. 2, 6, 110:

ero gaude,

i. e. at your master's return, Cat. 31, 12; Juv. 6, 74; 209; 379;

7, 105.—Prov.: gaudet patientia duris,

Luc. 9, 403.—

Absol.:

tristis sit (servus), si eri sint tristes: hilarus sit, si gaudeant,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 6; 3, 4, 10:

gaudebat, me laudabat,

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 5:

gaudeat an doleat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 12:

et irasci nos et gaudere fingimus,

Quint. 9, 2, 26:

si est nunc ullus gaudendi locus,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 6:

de Bursa, te gaudere certo scio,

id. Fam. 7, 2, 2:

admonebo, ut in sinu gaudeant, gloriose loqui desinant,

id. Tusc. 3, 21, 51.—

With acc. (usually with homogeneous or general objects):

hunc scio mea solide gavisurum gaudia,

Ter. And. 5, 5, 8; cf.: ut suum gaudium gauderemus, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 2, 1; Cat. 61, 119:

jam id gaudeo,

Ter. And. 2, 2, 25; cf.:

gaudeo, etsi nil scio quod gaudeam,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 62:

hoc aliud est, quod gaudeamus,

id. Eun. 5, 9, 11; id. Phorm. 5, 8, 63:

quod gaudere posset, hoc fuit,

Ov. M. 12, 607: nunc furit tam gavisos homines suum dolorem, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 1:

gaudent natorum fata parentes,

Stat. Th. 4, 231:

tu dulces lituos ululataque proelia gaudes,

id. ib. 9, 724.—In pass.:

ista pars gaudenda mihi potius quam, etc.,

Symm. Ep. 3, 29.—

With cum, quia, si, in, etc.:

quom gravidam et quom te pulcre plenam aspicio, gaudeo,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 49; id. Truc. 2, 4, 33; 2, 6, 35:

quom tu's liber, gaudeo,

id. Men. 5, 9, 87:

quia vos tranquillos video, gaudeo et volupe est mihi,

id. Am. 3, 3, 3: Er. Gaude. He. Quid ego gaudeam? Er. Quia ego impero. Age, gaude modo, id. Capt. 4, 2, 59:

gaudes, si cameram percusti forte,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 273:

mea Clotho et Lachesis gaudent, si pascitur inguine venter,

Juv. 9, 136:

crudeles gaudent in tristi funere fratris,

Lucr. 3, 72:

in puero,

Prop. 2, 4, 18 (28):

tibi gratulor, mihi gaudeo, te amo,

I for my part, as for myself, Cic. Fam. 6, 15; v. in the foll. the passage Lucr. 3, 145.—

Like chairein of inanim. and abstr. things, to rejoice in, delight in any thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

nec tantum Phoebo gaudet Parnasia rupes,

Verg. E. 6, 29; 9, 48:

postquam oleo gavisa cutis,

Stat. Th. 6, 847:

umore omnia hortensia gaudent,

Plin. 19, 8, 39, § 131:

rastris atque ablaqueationibus (myrrha),

id. 12, 15, 33 §

66: addebantur et laudes, quibus haud minus quam praemio gaudent militum animi,

Liv. 2, 60, 3:

oratio gaudebit occasione laetius decurrendi,

Quint. 12, 9, 2:

(paeon) ante se brevibus gaudet pyrrhichio vel choreo,

id. 9, 4, 111; 10, 7, 16:

(vites) Amineae pingui arvo maxime gaudeant,

Col. 3, 2, 16:

id (sc. consilium, animus) sibi solum per se sapit: id sibi gaudet,

rejoices for itself, Lucr. 3, 145.—

In partic.

In sinu or in se, to rejoice within one's self or secretly, to feel a quiet joy:

ut in sinu gaudeant,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 51:

qui sapit, in tacito gaudeat ille sinu,

Tib. 4, 13, 8 (cf.:

in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30):

tam gaudet in se tamque se ipse miratur,

Cat. 22, 17.—

Like the Gr. chairein, as a word of salutation (pure Lat. salvere):

Celso gaudere et bene rem gerere Albinovano Musa rogata refer,

take my greetings to Celsus, Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 1; so ib. 15.—Hence, gaudens, entis, P. a., joyful, cheerful (very rare):

interea cum Musis nos delectabimus animo aequo, immo vero etiam gaudenti ac libenti,

Cic. Att. 2, 4, 2; Prop. 3, 14 (4, 13), 9; Stat. S. 4, 6, 55:

si quis Forte coheredum senior male tussiet, huic tu Dic... gaudentem nummo te addicere,

with pleasure, gladly, Hor. S. 2, 5, 109.— Adv.: gauden-ter, rejoicingly (late Lat. and rare), Pseud. August. ad Fratr. Erem. Serm. 10 al.

gĕro, gessi, gestum ( Part. gen. plur. sync. gerentum, Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 13; imper. ger, like dic, duc, fac, fer, Cat. 27, 2), 3, v. a. [root gas-, to come, go; Zend, jah, jahaiti, come; gero (for geso), in caus. sense, to cause to come; cf. Gr. bastazô, from bastos = gestus], to bear about with one, to bear, carry, to wear, have (in the lit. signif. mostly poet., not in Cic., Cæs., Sall., or Quint.; but instead of it ferre, portare, vehere, sustinere, etc.; but in the trop. signif. freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

(vestem ferinam) qui gessit primus,

Lucr. 5, 1420; so,

vestem,

Ov. M. 11, 276 (with induere vestes), Nep. Dat. 3; cf.:

coronam Olympiacam capite,

Suet. Ner. 25:

ornamenta,

id. Caes. 84:

angues immixtos crinibus,

Ov. M. 4, 792:

clipeum (laeva),

id. ib. 4, 782; cf.:

galeam venatoriam in capite, clavam dextra manu, copulam sinistra,

Nep. Dat. 3:

ramum, jaculum,

Ov. M. 12, 442:

spicea serta,

id. ib. 2, 28:

vincla,

id. ib. 4, 681:

venabula corpore fixa,

id. ib. 9, 206; cf.:

tela (in pectore fixus),

id. ib. 6, 228:

Vulcanum (i. e. ignem) in cornu conclusum,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 185:

spolia ducis hostium caesi suspensa fabricato ad id apte ferculo gerens,

Liv. 1, 10, 5; cf.:

Horatius trigemina spolia prae se gerens,

id. 1, 26, 2:

onera,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 77 Müll.: uterum or partum gerere, to be pregnant, be with young; so, gerere partum, Plin. 8, 47, 72, § 187:

uterum,

id. 8, 40, 62, § 151:

centum fronte oculos centum cervice gerebat Argus,

Ov. Am. 3, 4, 19:

lumen unum media fronte,

id. M. 13, 773:

cornua fronte,

id. ib. 15, 596:

virginis os habitumque gerens et virginis arma,

Verg. A. 1, 315:

virginis ora,

Ov. M. 5, 553; cf.:

quae modo bracchia gessit, Crura gerit,

id. ib. 5, 455 sq.:

Coae cornua matres Gesserunt tum,

i. e. were turned into cows, id. ib. 7, 364:

principio (morbi) caput incensum fervore gerebant,

Lucr. 6, 1145:

qui umbrata gerunt civili tempora quercu,

Verg. A. 6, 772:

tempora tecta pelle lupi,

Ov. M. 12, 380:

(Hector) squalentem barbam et concretos sanguine crines Vulneraque illa gerens, quae, etc.,

Verg. A. 2, 278:

capella gerat distentius uber,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 110.—

Of inanimate things:

semina rerum permixta gerit tellus discretaque tradit,

Lucr. 6, 790; cf.:

(terram) multosque lacus multasque lacunas In gremio gerere et rupes deruptaque saxa,

id. ib. 6, 539; Enn. ap. Non. 66, 26 (Sat. 23, p. 157 Vahl.); and:

quos Oceano propior gerit India lucos,

Verg. G. 2, 122:

speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,

Lucr. 4, 52.—

In partic. (very rare).

With respect to the term. ad quem, to bear, carry, bring to a place:

(feminae puerique) saxa in muros munientibus gerunt,

Liv. 28, 19, 13:

neque eam voraginem conjectu terrae, cum pro se quisque gereret, expleri potuisse,

id. 7, 6, 2; cf. id. 37, 5, 1. — Absol.:

si non habebis unde irriges, gerito inditoque leniter,

Cato, R. R. 151, 4; Liv. 7, 6, 2 Drak.—Prov.:

non pluris refert, quam si imbrem in cribrum geras,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 100.—

With the accessory idea of production, to bear, bring forth, produce:

quae (terra) quod gerit fruges, Ceres (appellata est),

Varr. L. L. 5, § 64 Müll.; cf. Tib. 2, 4, 56:

violam nullo terra serente gerit,

Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 6:

arbores (Oete),

id. M. 9, 230:

malos (platani),

Verg. G. 2, 70: frondes (silva), Ov. M. 11, 615:

terra viros urbesque gerit silvasque ferasque Fluminaque et Nymphas et cetera numina ruris,

Ov. M. 2, 16.

Trop.

In gen., to bear, have, entertain, cherish: vos etenim juvenes animum geritis muliebrem, illa virago viri, Poët. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf.:

fortem animum gerere,

Sall. J. 107, 1:

parem animum,

id. ib. 54, 1 Kritz.:

animum invictum advorsum divitias,

id. ib. 43, 5:

animum super fortunam,

id. ib. 64, 2:

mixtum gaudio ac metu animum,

Liv. 32, 11, 5; cf. also Verg. A. 9, 311; and v. infra B. 3.: aeque inimicitiam atque amicitiam in frontem promptam gero, Enn. ap. Gell. 19, 8, 6 (Trag. v. 8 Vahl.):

personam,

to support a character, play a part, Cic. Off. 1, 32, 115; cf.:

est igitur proprium munus magistratus, intelligere, se gerere personam civitatis debereque ejus dignitatem et decus sustinere,

id. ib. 1, 34, 132; Aug. Doctr. Christ. 4, 29 init.;

id. Civ. Dei, 1, 21 al.: mores, quos ante gerebant, Nunc quoque habent,

Ov. M. 7, 655:

et nos aliquod nomenque decusque Gessimus,

Verg. A. 2, 89:

seu tu querelas sive geris jocos Seu rixam et insanos amores Seu facilem, pia testa (i. e. amphora), somnum,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 2:

in dextris vestris jam libertatem, opem... geritis,

Curt. 4, 14 fin.:

plumbeas iras,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 18:

iras,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 30: M. Catonem illum Sapientem cum multis graves inimicitias gessisse accepimus propter Hispanorum injurias, Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 20, 66:

veteres inimicitias cum Caesare,

Caes. B. C. 1, 3, 4:

muliebres inimicitias cum aliqua,

Cic. Cael. 14, 32:

inimicitias hominum more,

id. Deiot. 11, 30: simultatem cum aliquo pro re publica, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13, A, 3; cf. Suet. Vesp. 6; and Verg. A. 12, 48:

de amicitia gerenda praeclarissime scripti libri,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:

amicitiam,

Nep. Dat. 10 fin.:

praecipuum in Romanos gerebant odium,

Liv. 28, 22, 2:

cum fortuna mutabilem gerentes fidem,

id. 8, 24, 6:

utrique imperii cupiditatem insatiabilem gerebant,

Just. 17, 1 fin. —Absol.:

ad ea rex, aliter atque animo gerebat, placide respondit,

Sall. J. 72, 1.—

In partic.

Gerere se aliquo modo, to bear, deport, behave, or conduct one's self, to act in any manner:

in maximis rebus quonam modo gererem me adversus Caesarem, usus tuo consilio sum,

Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 5; cf. id. Off. 1, 28, 98:

ut, quanto superiores sumus, tanto nos geramus summissius,

id. ib. 1, 26, 90; so,

se liberius (servi),

id. Rep. 1, 43:

se inconsultius,

Liv. 41, 10, 5:

se valde honeste,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 13:

se perdite,

id. ib. 9, 2, A, 2:

se turpissime (illa pars animi),

id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:

se turpiter in legatione,

Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 4:

sic in provincia nos gerimus, quod ad abstinentiam attinet, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 5, 17, 2:

sic me in hoc magistratu geram, ut, etc.,

id. Agr. 1, 8, 26; cf.:

nunc ita nos gerimus, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 22, 3:

uti sese victus gereret, exploratum misit,

Sall. J. 54, 2:

se medium gerere,

to remain neutral, Liv. 2, 27, 3.—

In a like sense also post-class.: gerere aliquem, to behave or conduct one's self as any one (like agere aliquem):

nec heredem regni sed regem gerebat,

Just. 32, 3, 1; Plin. Pan. 44, 2:

tu civem patremque geras,

Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 293:

aedilem,

App. M. 1, p. 113:

captivum,

Sen. Troad. 714.—

Gerere se et aliquem, to treat one's self and another in any manner:

interim Romae gaudium ingens ortum cognitis Metelli rebus, ut seque et exercitum more majorum gereret,

Sall. J. 55, 1:

meque vosque in omnibus rebus juxta geram,

id. ib. 85, 47.—

Pro aliquo se gerere, to assume to be:

querentes, quosdam non sui generis pro colonis se gerere,

Liv. 32, 2, 6:

eum, qui sit census, ita se jam tum gessisse pro cive,

Cic. Arch. 5, 11 dub.—

Gerere prae se aliquid (for the usual prae se ferre), to show, exhibit, manifest:

affectionis ratio perspicuam solet prae se gerere conjecturam, ut amor, iracundia, molestia, etc.,

Cic. Inv. 2, 9, 30; cf.:

prae se quandam gerere utilitatem,

id. ib. 2, 52, 157: animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10 fin.; Aug. de Lib. Arbit. 3, 21, 61 al.;

so gerere alone: ita tum mos erat, in adversis voltum secundae fortunae gerere, moderari animo in secundis,

to assume, Liv. 42, 63, 11.—

With the accessory idea of activity or exertion, to sustain the charge of any undertaking or business, to administer, manage, regulate, rule, govern, conduct, carry on, wage, transact, accomplish, perform (cf.: facio, ago).—In pass. also in gen., to happen, take place, be done (hence, res gesta, a deed, and res gestae, events, occurrences, acts, exploits; v. the foll.): tertium gradum agendi esse dicunt, ubi quid faciant;

in eo propter similitudinem agendi et faciundi et gerundi quidam error his, qui putant esse unum. Potest enim aliquid facere et non agere, ut poëta facit fabulam et non agit: contra actor agit et non facit.... Contra imperator quod dicitur res gerere, in eo neque facit neque agit, sed gerit, id est sustinet, translatum ab his qui onera gerunt, quod hi sustinent,

Varr. L. L. 6, § 77 Müll.:

omnia nostra, quoad eris Romae, ita gerito, regito, gubernato, ut nihil a me exspectes,

Cic. Att. 16, 2, 2:

gerere et administrare rem publicam,

id. Fin. 3, 20, 68; cf. id. Rep. 2, 1 and 12:

rem publicam,

id. ib. 1, 7; 1, 8; id. Fam. 2, 7, 3 et saep.:

magistratum,

id. Sest. 37, 79; cf.

potestatem,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

consulatum,

id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; id. Sest. 16, 37:

duumviratum,

id. ib. 8, 19:

tutelam alicujus,

Dig. 23, 2, 68; 27, 1, 22 al.: multi suam rem bene gessere et publicam patria procul, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 295 Vahl.); so,

rem, of private affairs,

Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 34; Cic. de Sen. 7, 22 al.:

aliquid per aes et libram gerere,

to transact by coin and balance, Gai. Inst. 3, 173; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 6, 14.—Of war: etsi res bene gesta est, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 168 (Ann. v. 512 Vahl.): vi geritur res, id. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 272 ib.); cf.:

gladiis geri res coepta est,

Liv. 28, 2, 6:

ubi res ferro geratur,

id. 10, 39, 12: qui rem cum Achivis gesserunt statim, Enn. ap. Non. 393, 14 (Trag. v. 39 Vahl.); cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 84:

Alexander... passurus gestis aequanda pericula rebus,

exploits, Juv. 14, 314:

miranda quidem, sed nuper gesta referemus,

id. 15, 28.—Of public affairs, affairs of government:

magnae res temporibus illis a fortissimis viris summo imperio praeditis, dictatoribus atque consulibus, belli domique gerebantur,

Cic. Rep. 2, 32 fin.; 2, 24:

a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit,

id. de Sen. 6, 15; cf. § 17: quid quod homines infima fortuna, nulla spe rerum gerendarum ( public business), opifices denique, delectantur historia? maximeque eos videre possumus res gestas ( public events or occurrences) audire et legere velle, qui a spe gerendi absunt, confecti senectute, id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:

sin per se populus interfecit aut ejecit tyrannum, est moderatior, quoad sentit et sapit et sua re gesta laetatur,

their deed, id. Rep. 1, 42:

ut pleraque senatus auctoritate gererentur,

id. ib. 2, 32; cf. id. ib. 1, 27:

haec dum Romae geruntur,

id. Quint. 6, 28:

ut iis, qui audiunt, tum geri illa fierique videantur,

id. de Or. 2, 59, 241:

susceptum negotium,

id. Fam. 13, 5, 1; cf.:

si ipse negotium meum gererem, nihil gererem, nisi consilio tuo,

id. Att. 13, 3, 1:

negotium bene, male, etc.,

id. Rosc. Com. 11, 32; id. Cat. 2, 10, 21; Caes. B. G. 3, 18, 5 et saep.; cf.:

quid negotii geritur?

Cic. Quint. 13, 42: annos multos bellum gerentes summum summā industriā, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 104 Vahl.); cf.:

bello illo maximo, quod Athenienses et Lacedaemonii summa inter se contentione gesserunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 16; so,

bella,

id. ib. 5, 2: pacem an bellum gerens, v. Andrews and Stoddard's Gram. § 323, 1 (2); Sall. J. 46 fin.:

bella multa felicissime,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9:

bellum cum aliquo,

id. Sest. 2, 4; id. Div. 1, 46, 103; Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 4 et saep.:

bello gesto,

Liv. 5, 43, 1: mea mater de ea re gessit morem morigerae mihi, performed my will, i. e. complied with my wishes, gratified, humored me, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 87; cf.:

geram tibi morem et ea quae vis, ut potero, explicabo,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 17: morem alicui (in aliqua re), Enn. ap. Non. 342, 24 (Trag. v. 241 Vahl.):

sine me in hac re gerere mihi morem,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 74; Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 44; id. Men. 5, 2, 37; id. Mil. 2, 1, 58; Cic. Rep. 3, 5; id. N. D. 2, 1, 3; Ov. Am. 2, 2, 13 et saep.; also without dat., Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 36; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 77.— Pass.:

ut utrique a me mos gestus esse videatur,

Cic. Att. 2, 16, 3; Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 69; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 108; id. Ad. 2, 2, 6; Nep. Them. 7, 3 al.—With a play upon this meaning and that in II. A.: magna, inquit, [p. 813] bella gessi:

magnis imperiis et provinciis praefui. Gere igitur animum laude dignum,

Cic. Par. 5, 2, 37.— Absol.:

cum superiores alii fuissent in disputationibus perpoliti, quorum res gestae nullae invenirentur, alii in gerendo probabiles, in disserendo rudes,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8; cf.

the passage,

id. Fin. 5, 19, 52 supra:

Armeniam deinde ingressus prima parte introitus prospere gessit,

Vell. 2, 102, 2 (where others unnecessarily insert rem), Liv. 25, 22, 1; cf.

also: sive caesi ab Romanis forent Bastarnae... sive prospere gessissent,

id. 40, 58 fin.:

cum Persis et Philippus qui cogitavit, et Alexander, qui gessit, hanc bellandi causam inferebat, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 3, 9.—

Of time, to pass, spend (mostly post-Aug.; not in Cic.): ut (Tullia) cum aliquo adolescente primario conjuncta aetatem gereret, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; cf.:

pubertatis ac primae adolescentiae tempus,

Suet. Dom. 1:

vitam,

Petr. 63; Val. Fl. 6, 695:

annum gerens aetatis sexagesimum et nonum,

Suet. Vesp. 24.—Hence, gĕrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 3.), managing, conducting, etc.; with gen.:

rei male gerentes,

Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 43:

sui negotii bene gerens,

Cic. Quint. 19, 62.

gĕro, ōnis, m. [1. gero], a carrier; connected per hyphen with foras:

ite, ite hac, simul eri damnigeruli, foras gerones, Bonorum hamaxagogae,

that carry off, ravishers, Plaut. Truc. 2, 7, 1.

in-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imp. induce for induc, Varr. R. R. 3, 2, 18;

induxti for induxisti,

Ter. And. 5, 3, 12;

induxis for induxeris,

Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 46), v. a. [in-duco], to lead, bring, or conduct into a place; to lead or bring in (class.); constr. with in and acc., dat., acc. only, or absol.

Lit.

With in and acc.:

oves et armenta in rura,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 12:

aliquem in viam,

id. ib. 3, 2, 18:

exercitum in Macedoniam,

Liv. 31, 28, 2:

cohortem praetoriam in medios hostes,

Sall. C. 60, 5:

principes in cornua inducit,

leads against, Liv. 30, 34, 11; so,

Hannibal elephantos in primam aciem induci jussit,

id. 27, 14, 6:

in dextrum cornu elephantos,

id. 44, 41, 3; Caes. B. C. 3, 112 al. —

With dat. (mostly poet. and rare):

age, moenibus induc,

Stat. Th. 12, 326:

fossā mare urbi,

Suet. Ner. 16. —

With acc. only:

princeps turmas inducit Asilas,

Verg. A. 11, 620:

inducunt venti nubilum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 7.—

Absol.:

eā (portā) secundae legionis principes hastatosque inducit (sc. in urbem),

Liv. 34, 15, 6.—

In partic.

To bring forward, exhibit, represent in the circus or on the stage:

a me autem gladiatorum par nobilissimum inducitur,

Cic. Opt. Gen. Or. 6, 17; so,

aliquem,

Suet. Calig. 27 fin.:

elephantos in circum,

Plin. 8, 6, 6, § 17:

inducta est et Afranii Togata, quae Incendium inscribitur,

Suet. Ner. 11; id. Claud. 34; 45; id. Tib. 42; cf.:

pater ille, Terenti fabula quem miserum vixisse Inducit,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 22.—

To bring into or before a court (post-Aug.):

inducta teste in senatu,

Suet. Claud. 40:

Firminus inductus in senatum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 12, 2:

majestatis reos in curiam,

Suet. Dom. 11.—

To bring home, take into one ' s family:

carasque toris inducere Thressas,

Val. Fl. 2, 132:

intra undecim dies quam illi novercam amore captus induxerat,

Plin. Ep. 6, 33, 2. —

Transf.

To put on articles of dress:

si sibi calceus perperam induceretur,

Suet. Aug. 92:

umeros albenti amictu,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 67:

togam super membra,

Luc. 2, 387. —With Gr. acc.:

tunicāque inducitur artus,

Verg. A. 8, 457. —

To draw over, spread over, to overlay, overspread:

postes pice,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 142; Vitr. 7, 3:

colorem picturae,

i. e. to varnish, Plin. 35, 10, 36, § 102:

parieti ceram liquefactam,

id. 33, 7, 40, § 122:

cuti nitorem,

id. 24, 8, 33, § 49:

varias plumas,

Hor. A. P. 2:

humanam membris formam,

Ov. M. 7, 642:

omnibus viris magnitudine sua inducturus caliginem,

to overspread with darkness, to darken, obscure, Vell. 2, 36, 1:

pontem,

to throw a bridge across, Curt. 5, 5:

scuta ex cortice facta pellibus,

to cover, Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

coria super lateres,

id. B. C. 2, 10:

pulvis velut nube inducta omnia inpleverat,

Liv. 1, 29, 4:

sed quae mutatis inducitur tot medicaminibus,

Juv. 6, 471.— With Gr. acc.:

(victima) inducta cornibus aurum,

Ov. M. 7, 161; 10, 271.—

To level the ground by filling up:

ita inducto solo, ut nulla vestigia exstent,

Plin. 2, 80, 82, § 194; hence, to strike out, erase, i. e. to level the wax in writing by drawing over it the broad end of the style:

nomina jam facta sunt: sed vel induci, vel mutari possunt,

Cic. Att. 13, 14, 2:

senatus consultum,

id. ib. 1, 20, 4.

Trop.

In gen., to bring into, introduce:

seditionem atque discordiam in civitatem,

Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85:

aliquid in nostros mores,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 121: set magna pars morem hunc induxerunt, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 34:

morem novorum judiciorum in rem publicam,

Cic. Rab. Post. 4, 9; Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 9; Lact. Mort. Pers. 38, 4:

novum verbum in linguam Latinam,

Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 43:

pecuniam in rationem,

to bring into, set down in an account, id. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 106: agrum alicui pecunia ingenti, to charge in an account, id. Agr. 2, 26, 70:

exemplum,

Plin. Pan. 6, 2.—

To establish:

sublato judicum nomine potestas regalis inducta est,

Lact. 4, 10, 15:

quia nondum haec consuetudo erat inducta,

Sen. Contr. 5 praef. §

4: vetus disciplina deserta, nova inducta,

Vell. 2, 1, 1.—

In partic.

To bring in, introduce in speaking or writing (an expression borrowed from the stage):

hinc ille Gyges inducitur a Platone,

Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38:

gravem personam,

id. Cael. 15, 35:

Tiresiam deplorantem caecitatem suam,

id. Tusc. 5, 39, 115.—Of conversation, to introduce:

puero me hic sermo inducitur,

Cic. Att. 13, 19, 4:

hanc rationem Epicurus induxit,

id. Fat. 10:

consuetudinem,

id. Cael. 23, 58:

dubitationem,

Tac. A. 1, 7.—

To lead to or into; to move, excite, persuade; to mislead, seduce; constr. with in, with acc. or ad, with ut or inf.:

amici jacentem animum excitare, et inducere in spem cogitationemque meliorem,

Cic. Lael. 15, 59; so,

aliquem in spem,

id. Off. 2, 15, 53:

in rem utilem,

id. Inv. 1, 2, 2; cf. id. Q. Fr. 3, 4:

in errorem,

id. Off. 3, 13, 55:

animum ad aliquid,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 67:

aliquem pretio, gratia, spe, promissis (ad parricidium),

to mislead, Cic. Rosc. Am. 28, 16:

multos in peccatum,

to seduce, Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29:

ad maleficium,

id. 2, 2, 3:

ad misericordiam, ad pudendum, ad pigendum,

to move, excite, Cic. Brut. 50, 188:

Carthaginienses ad bellum,

Nep. Hann. 8:

ad credendum,

id. Con. 3:

vide, quo me inducas,

Ter. And. 2, 3, 25:

in quos (affectus) inducendus est judex,

Quint. 11, 3, 58.—With ut:

aliquem, ut mentiatur,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 46.—With inf.:

consulem promissis, sententiam promere,

Tac. A. 12, 9.—

Animum or in animum, to bring one ' s mind to, to resolve, determine; to suppose, imagine:

id quod animum induxerat paulisper non tenuit,

Cic. Att. 7, 3, 8. — With inf. or object-clause:

animum inducere, contra ea quae a me disputantur de divinatione, dicere,

Cic. Div. 1, 13, 22:

opes contemnere,

id. Tusc. 5, 10, 30:

id me commissurum ne animum induxeris,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 78:

in animum inducunt suum, Jovem se placare posse,

id. Rud. prol. 22:

ne tute incommodam rem, ut quaequest, in animum induces pati?

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 27:

oro ut ne illis animum inducas credere,

id. And. 5, 1, 15:

qui huic animum assentari induxeris,

id. Eun. 3, 2, 37:

mea causa causam hanc justam esse animum inducite,

id. Heaut. prol. 41; cf. id. Ad. 1, 1, 43:

ut in animum induceret ad easdem venire epulas,

Liv. 28, 18, 4; 1, 17, 4; 2, 18, 11:

postremo Caesar in animum induxerat, laborare, vigilare,

had determined, Sall. C. 54, 4:

in animum, ejus vitam defendere,

Cic. Sull. 30, 83; Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 5.—With ut, ne, or quominus:

inducere animum possum, ne aegre patiar,

Plaut. As. 5, 1, 5:

inducere animum, ut patrem esse sese, oblivisceretur,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 19, 53:

in animum, quo minus illi indicarem,

Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 6:

quod consules in senatu ut pronuntiarent, in animum inducere non possent,

Liv. 27, 9, 9; 2, 5, 7; 39, 12, 3. —

To delude, cajole, deceive:

hic eos, quibus erat ignotus, decepit, fefellit, induxit,

Cic. Pis. 1, 1:

socios induxit, decepit, destituit,

id. Rosc. Am. 40, 117: semper, ut inducar, blandos offers mihi vultus Tib. 1, 6, 1.—

To do any thing to one (post-class.):

injuriam adversus liberos suos testamento,

Dig. 5, 2, 4.— Hence, in-ductus, a, um, P. a., introduced, foreign, strange (post-Aug. and rare):

insiticius et inductus sermo (opp. patrius),

Plin. Ep. 4, 3 fin.; so,

nihil inductum et quasi devium loquimur,

id. ib. 5, 6, 44:

arcessita et inducta,

id. ib. 3, 18, 10.

mănĭfestō, adv., v. manifestus fin.

mănĭfesto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [manifestus], to make public, discover, show clearly, exhibit, manifest ( poet. and postclass.):

aliquem latentem,

Ov. M. 13, 105:

gratam voluntatem,

Just. 24, 6, 10.—In pass.: quod vel ex eo manifestari, quod, was plain from the fact that, etc., Just. 11, 3, 10:

per se ipsa manifestata delectant,

revelations, Aug. Doctr. Chr. 4, 12 fin.

nāvālis, e, adj. [navis], of or belonging to ships, ship-, naval:

pedestres navalesve pugnae,

Cic. Sen. 5, 13; Liv. 26, 51, 6:

bellum,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

apparatus,

id. Att. 10, 8, 3:

disciplina et gloria navalis,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54:

fuga,

by sea, Plin. 7, 45, 46, § 148:

proelium,

Gell. 10, 6, 2:

castra,

to protect the ships drawn up on land, Caes. B. G. 5, 22:

in classe acieque navali esse,

Liv. 26, 51, 8 Weissenb.:

forma,

the shape of a ship, Ov. F. 1, 229: corona, a naval crown, as the reward of a naval victory, Verg. A. 8, 684; cf.: navali coronā solet donari, qui primus in hostium navem armatus transilierit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 163 Müll.; so,

navali cinctus honore caput,

Ov. A. A. 3, 392:

navali surgentes aere columnae,

made of the brass from the beaks of captured ships, Verg. G. 3, 29:

arbor,

fit for ship-building, Plin. 13, 9, 17, § 61:

stagnum,

a basin in which to exhibit mock sea-fights, Tac. A. 4, 15:

navalis Phoebus, so called because hegranted the victory at Actium,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 3; v. Actius and Actiacus: socii, sailors, seamen (chosen from the freedmen of the colonists and allies, and also from those of the colonists and allies themselves who had been in slavery; they were bound to a longer period of service and were of lower rank than the land troops; cf. Liv. 36, 2; 40, 18; 21, 50):

postero die militibus navalibusque sociis convocatis,

id. 26, 48; 26, 17; 32, 23; 26, 35;

24, 11.—Sometimes the socii navales are distinguished from the seamen,

Liv. 37, 10:

navales pedes, contemptuously,

galley-slaves, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 75. (Others understand by this expression ship-servants, cabin-boys. Non. 381, 393, calls the oars themselves navales pedes).—

Duumviri navales,

two commissaries who were charged with the repairing and fitting out of a fleet, Liv. 9, 30; 40, 18; 26: navalis scriba, a ship's scribe or secretary, Paul. ex Fest. p. 169 Müll.—

Subst.: nāvā-le, is, n. (in sing. only poet.), and nāvā-lĭa, ium, n. ( gen. plur. navaliorum, Vitr. 5, 127; Inscr. Orell. 3627).

A place where ships were built and repaired, a dock, dockyard (cf.:

statio, portus): navalia, portus, aquarum ductus, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:

de navalium opere,

id. de Or. 1, 14, 62:

deripientque rates alii navalibus,

Verg. A. 4, 593; Ov. M. 11, 455.—In sing., haud aliter quam si siccum navale teneret (puppis), Ov. M. 3, 661; id. H. 18, 207.—Esp. of the place in Rome, across the Tiber, where the dock-yards were situated, Liv. 3, 26; 8, 14, 12; 40, 51 et saep.—Near them was the Navalis porta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 178 Müll.—

The requisites for fitting out a ship, [p. 1192] tackling, rigging, Liv. 45, 23, 5; Verg. A. 11, 329; Plin. 16, 11, 21, § 52.

nāvālis, e, adj. [navis], of or belonging to ships, ship-, naval:

pedestres navalesve pugnae,

Cic. Sen. 5, 13; Liv. 26, 51, 6:

bellum,

id. Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

apparatus,

id. Att. 10, 8, 3:

disciplina et gloria navalis,

id. Imp. Pomp. 18, 54:

fuga,

by sea, Plin. 7, 45, 46, § 148:

proelium,

Gell. 10, 6, 2:

castra,

to protect the ships drawn up on land, Caes. B. G. 5, 22:

in classe acieque navali esse,

Liv. 26, 51, 8 Weissenb.:

forma,

the shape of a ship, Ov. F. 1, 229: corona, a naval crown, as the reward of a naval victory, Verg. A. 8, 684; cf.: navali coronā solet donari, qui primus in hostium navem armatus transilierit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 163 Müll.; so,

navali cinctus honore caput,

Ov. A. A. 3, 392:

navali surgentes aere columnae,

made of the brass from the beaks of captured ships, Verg. G. 3, 29:

arbor,

fit for ship-building, Plin. 13, 9, 17, § 61:

stagnum,

a basin in which to exhibit mock sea-fights, Tac. A. 4, 15:

navalis Phoebus, so called because hegranted the victory at Actium,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 3; v. Actius and Actiacus: socii, sailors, seamen (chosen from the freedmen of the colonists and allies, and also from those of the colonists and allies themselves who had been in slavery; they were bound to a longer period of service and were of lower rank than the land troops; cf. Liv. 36, 2; 40, 18; 21, 50):

postero die militibus navalibusque sociis convocatis,

id. 26, 48; 26, 17; 32, 23; 26, 35;

24, 11.—Sometimes the socii navales are distinguished from the seamen,

Liv. 37, 10:

navales pedes, contemptuously,

galley-slaves, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 75. (Others understand by this expression ship-servants, cabin-boys. Non. 381, 393, calls the oars themselves navales pedes).—

Duumviri navales,

two commissaries who were charged with the repairing and fitting out of a fleet, Liv. 9, 30; 40, 18; 26: navalis scriba, a ship's scribe or secretary, Paul. ex Fest. p. 169 Müll.—

Subst.: nāvā-le, is, n. (in sing. only poet.), and nāvā-lĭa, ium, n. ( gen. plur. navaliorum, Vitr. 5, 127; Inscr. Orell. 3627).

A place where ships were built and repaired, a dock, dockyard (cf.:

statio, portus): navalia, portus, aquarum ductus, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 17, 60:

de navalium opere,

id. de Or. 1, 14, 62:

deripientque rates alii navalibus,

Verg. A. 4, 593; Ov. M. 11, 455.—In sing., haud aliter quam si siccum navale teneret (puppis), Ov. M. 3, 661; id. H. 18, 207.—Esp. of the place in Rome, across the Tiber, where the dock-yards were situated, Liv. 3, 26; 8, 14, 12; 40, 51 et saep.—Near them was the Navalis porta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 178 Müll.—

The requisites for fitting out a ship, [p. 1192] tackling, rigging, Liv. 45, 23, 5; Verg. A. 11, 329; Plin. 16, 11, 21, § 52.

offĕro ( obf-), obtŭli, oblātum, v. a. [ob-fero], to bring before; to present, offer; to show, exhibit (class.; cf. obicio, ostendo).

In gen.:

incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10; cf.:

opportune te obtulisti mihi obviam,

id. Ad. 3, 2, 24; id. Hec. 5, 3, 10; Cic. Att. 3, 10, 2:

strictamque aciem venientibus offert,

presents, opposes, Verg. A. 6, 291:

speciem offerre,

to present a false appearance, Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81.—In pass.: offerri, mid., to show one's self, appear; to meet, encounter:

multis in difficillimis rebus praesens auxilium ejus (numinis) oblatum est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 108:

oblata religio est,

a religious scruple struck him, id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

metu oblato,

id. ib. 15, 1, 5:

lex quaedam videbatur oblata,

id. Phil. 1, 2, 4.—

In partic.

To offer, expose; to bring forward, adduce:

ne offeramus nos periculis sine causā,

Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83; so,

se morti,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

se ad mortem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 32:

obtulimus nos ad prima pericula,

Ov. M. 13, 42:

vitam in discrimen,

Cic. Sest. 28, 61:

moram offerre alicui,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 30:

nam tu nunc vides pro tuo caro capite carum offerre me meum caput vilitati,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 34:

sponte suā leto caput obvius optulit ipse,

Lucr. 3, 1041; cf. Cic. Sull. 30, 84; id. Sest. 1, 1; Liv. 3, 1; 31, 50:

criminibus oblatis,

brought forward, adduced, Cic. Lael. 18, 65.—

To offer, proffer; to bring, cause, occasion, confer, bestow; to inflict, etc. (cf. promitto, recipio, infero):

foedus,

Verg. A. 12, 109:

in omnia ultro suam offerens operam,

Liv. 40, 23:

di tibi semper omnia optata offerant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 21:

alicui optatissimum beneficium,

Caes. B. G. 6, 42:

hoc tantum boni, quod vobis ab dis immortalibus oblatum et datum est,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49:

datum atque oblatum,

id. Verr. 1, 1, 1; 2, 4, 49, § 103: ut nunc hac re mihi opem et auxilium offeras, bring me aid and assistance, help me, Lucil. ap. Non. 360, 25:

laetitiam,

to procure, Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 18:

alicui injuriam,

id. ib. 5, 1, 14:

vitium virgini,

id. ib. 3, 3, 23:

stuprum alicui,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

mortem alicui,

id. Sest. 21, 48: sibi molestiam atque aerumnam offerre, to bring, procure, occasion, Lucil. ap. Non. 360, 23: occasio ad occupandam Asiam oblata, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

seque offert suscepturum,

offers, Tac. A. 11, 33:

rusticus offerebat se intercessurum senatus consulto,

id. ib. 16, 26:

oblatā facultate in castra sese receperunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 72.—

In eccl. Lat.

To offer to God, to consecrate, dedicate, Prud. Cath. 5, 150; Vulg. Exod. 38, 24; 39, 32.—

To offer up, sacrifice, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 2, 2:

Domino,

Vulg. Gen. 4, 3:

pro filio,

id. ib. 22, 13:

ex scelere,

id. Prov. 21, 27:

semet ipsum Deo,

id. Heb. 9, 14 et saep.

offĕro ( obf-), obtŭli, oblātum, v. a. [ob-fero], to bring before; to present, offer; to show, exhibit (class.; cf. obicio, ostendo).

In gen.:

incommode illis fors obtulerat adventum meum,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 10; cf.:

opportune te obtulisti mihi obviam,

id. Ad. 3, 2, 24; id. Hec. 5, 3, 10; Cic. Att. 3, 10, 2:

strictamque aciem venientibus offert,

presents, opposes, Verg. A. 6, 291:

speciem offerre,

to present a false appearance, Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81.—In pass.: offerri, mid., to show one's self, appear; to meet, encounter:

multis in difficillimis rebus praesens auxilium ejus (numinis) oblatum est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 108:

oblata religio est,

a religious scruple struck him, id. Fam. 10, 12, 3:

metu oblato,

id. ib. 15, 1, 5:

lex quaedam videbatur oblata,

id. Phil. 1, 2, 4.—

In partic.

To offer, expose; to bring forward, adduce:

ne offeramus nos periculis sine causā,

Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83; so,

se morti,

Caes. B. G. 7, 77:

se ad mortem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 32:

obtulimus nos ad prima pericula,

Ov. M. 13, 42:

vitam in discrimen,

Cic. Sest. 28, 61:

moram offerre alicui,

Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 30:

nam tu nunc vides pro tuo caro capite carum offerre me meum caput vilitati,

id. Capt. 2, 2, 34:

sponte suā leto caput obvius optulit ipse,

Lucr. 3, 1041; cf. Cic. Sull. 30, 84; id. Sest. 1, 1; Liv. 3, 1; 31, 50:

criminibus oblatis,

brought forward, adduced, Cic. Lael. 18, 65.—

To offer, proffer; to bring, cause, occasion, confer, bestow; to inflict, etc. (cf. promitto, recipio, infero):

foedus,

Verg. A. 12, 109:

in omnia ultro suam offerens operam,

Liv. 40, 23:

di tibi semper omnia optata offerant,

Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 21:

alicui optatissimum beneficium,

Caes. B. G. 6, 42:

hoc tantum boni, quod vobis ab dis immortalibus oblatum et datum est,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 16, 49:

datum atque oblatum,

id. Verr. 1, 1, 1; 2, 4, 49, § 103: ut nunc hac re mihi opem et auxilium offeras, bring me aid and assistance, help me, Lucil. ap. Non. 360, 25:

laetitiam,

to procure, Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 18:

alicui injuriam,

id. ib. 5, 1, 14:

vitium virgini,

id. ib. 3, 3, 23:

stuprum alicui,

Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

mortem alicui,

id. Sest. 21, 48: sibi molestiam atque aerumnam offerre, to bring, procure, occasion, Lucil. ap. Non. 360, 23: occasio ad occupandam Asiam oblata, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2, 4:

seque offert suscepturum,

offers, Tac. A. 11, 33:

rusticus offerebat se intercessurum senatus consulto,

id. ib. 16, 26:

oblatā facultate in castra sese receperunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 72.—

In eccl. Lat.

To offer to God, to consecrate, dedicate, Prud. Cath. 5, 150; Vulg. Exod. 38, 24; 39, 32.—

To offer up, sacrifice, Sulp. Sev. Dial. 2, 2:

Domino,

Vulg. Gen. 4, 3:

pro filio,

id. ib. 22, 13:

ex scelere,

id. Prov. 21, 27:

semet ipsum Deo,

id. Heb. 9, 14 et saep.

prae, adv., and prep. with abl. [for prai, kindred with Sanscr. prefix pra-, before; Gr. pro, prin, prosô; cf.: pro, prior, porro, primus].

Adv., before, in front.

Lit. (ante-class.):

abi prae, Sosia, Jam ego sequar,

go before, go in advance, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 45:

i prae, sequar,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 144; id. Eun. 5, 2, 69: i tu prae, virgo;

non queo, quod pone me est, servare,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 1:

age, age nunc tu, i prae,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 56.—

Trop., as a particle of comparison, with ut, quam, or quod (also written in one word, praeut and praequam; cf. Wagner ad Plaut. Aul. 503), in comparison with, compared with (ante- and post-class. and colloq.):

parum etiam, praeut futurum est praedicas,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 218; id. Bacch. 4, 9, 5:

immo noster nunc quidem est de verbis, prae ut dudum fuit,

id. Men. 5, 5, 33; 2, 3, 25:

nihil hercle quidem hoc, Prae ut alia dicam,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 20; id. Merc. 2, 4, 2:

ludum dices fuisse, praeut hujus rabies quae dabit,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 9:

satin' parva res est voluptatum in vitā atque in aetate agundā, praequam quod molestum'st?

in comparison with the trouble, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 2:

nihil hoc est, triginta minae, prae quam alios dapsilis sumptus facit,

id. Most. 4, 2, 62 Lorenz ad loc.:

jam minoris omnia facio prae quam quibus modis Me ludificatus est,

id. ib. 5, 2, 25:

sed hoc etiam pulcrum'st praequam sumptus ubi petunt,

id. Aul. 3, 5, 33; id. Merc. prol. 23:

quae etsi longioribus verbis comprehensa est praequam illud Graecum, etc.,

Gell. 16, 1, 3:

immo res omnis relictas habeo prae quod tu velis,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 38.—

Prep. with abl. (with acc.:

prae cornua, prae litteras,

Petr. 39, 12; 46, 1), before, in front of, in advance of.

Lit.:

cavendum erit, ut (villa) a tergo potius quam prae se flumen habeat,

before it, Col. 1, 5, 4: limina alia prae aliis erant, App. de Mundo, p. 69, 22.—Esp. freq.: prae se ferre, agere, mittere, to bear, carry, drive, or send before one's self:

ille qui stillantem prae se pugionem tulit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 12, 30:

argenti prae se in aerarium tulit quattuordecim milia pondo,

Liv. 28, 38, 5:

prae se ferens Darium puerum,

Suet. Calig. 19:

prae se armentum agens,

Liv. 1, 7, 4:

singulos prae se inermes mittere,

Sall. J. 94, 2: prae manu, and, less freq., prae manibus, at hand, on hand (ante- and postclass.):

patri reddidi omne aurum, quod fuit prae manu,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 3, 9; Ter. Ad. 5, 9, 23:

cum prae manu debitor (pecuniam) non haberet,

Dig. 13, 7, 27:

si Caesaris liber prae manibus est, promi jubeas,

Gell. 19, 8, 6:

aes si forte prae manu non fuerit,

App. M. 6, p. 180, 30.—

Trop.

In gen.: prae se ferre, less freq., prae se gerere, declarare, etc., prop. to carry before one's self. as if to show it; hence, to show, exhibit, manifest, reveal, make known, betray, discover, indicate (freq. and class.), Cic. Agr. 2, 2, 4:

fortasse ceteri tectiores: ego semper me didicisse, prae me tuli,

id. Or. 42, 146:

nec vero cum venit, prae se fert, aut qui sit aut unde veniat,

id. Rep. 2, 3, 6:

scelus et facinus prae se ferens et confitens,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

ceteris prae se fert et ostentat,

id. Att. 2, 23, 3:

beata vita glorianda et praedicanda et prae se ferenda est: nihil est enim aliud quod praedicandum et prae se ferendum sit,

id. Tusc. 5, 17, 50: conjecturam prae se gerere. id. Inv. 2, 9, 30:

animum altum et erectum prae se gerebat, Auct. B. Afr. 10: prae se declarant gaudia vultu,

Cat. 64, 34:

prae se maximam speciem ostentare,

App. Flor. p. 342, 10.—

In partic., in comparisons, in comparison with, compared with (mostly in comparisons which imply a contrast of kind; while praeter refers to a contrast of degree only: dives prae ceteris, in contrast with the others, who are poor: dives praeter ceteros, richer than the other rich ones; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 894).

With positive adj. (class.; v. infra):

omnia prae meo commodo,

Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 9: omnium unguentum odor prae tuo nautea est, Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 5; id. Men. 1, 2, 67:

Gallis prae magnitudine corporum suorum brevitas nostra contemptui est,

Caes. B. G. 2, 30:

prae divitiis,

Liv. 3, 26:

videbant omnes prae illo parvi futuros,

Nep. Eum. 10, 4; Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

veros illos Atticos prae se paene agrestes putat,

id. Brut. 83, 286:

ab isto prae lucro praedāque nec vectigalium nec posteritatis habitam esse rationem,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 55, § 128:

non tu quidem vacuus molestiis, sed prae nobis beatus,

id. Fam. 4, 4, 2; Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 4:

(stultitia) prae ceteris parit immensas cupiditates,

Auct. Her. 2, 22, 34.—

So with comp. for quam (ante- and post-class.):

atque me minoris facio prae illo,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 85:

id prae illo, quod honestum nobis est, fit plenius,

Gell. 1, 3, 25; Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 1, 2; Hier. in Psa. 44, 3; Aug. c. Acad. 1, 22.—

In giving the cause, which, as it were, goes before, for, because of, by reason of, on account of (class. only of a hinderance; with an express or implied negation; or with vix, v. Zumpt, § 310): Ulixi cor frixit prae pavore, Liv. Andron. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 1, 92:

prae laetitiā lacrumae praesiliunt mihi,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 13:

prae lassitudine opus est ut lavem,

id. Truc. 2, 3, 7; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 71:

prae gaudio ubi sim nescio,

id. ib. 2, 3, 67:

vivere non quit Prae macie,

Lucr. 4, 1167:

nec loqui prae maerore potuit,

Cic. Planc. 41, 99:

quorum ille nomen prae metu ferre non poterat,

id. Phil. 13, 9, 20:

solem prae jaculorum multitudine non videbitis,

id. Tusc. 1, 42, 101:

prae irā,

Liv. 31, 24 fin.:

vix sibimet ipsi prae nec opinato gaudio credentes,

id. 39, 49.—In composition, prae usually denotes,

Before: praedico, praebibo, praecaveo, etc.; so too, praeceps, headforemost, headlong. —In time: praecanus, gray before one's time. —

Enhancing the main idea, qs. in advance of others: praealtus, extremely high: praeclarus, very celebrated; praevalidus, very strong, etc.

praebĕo, ŭi, ĭtum (old inf. praeberier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; id. Am. 4, 2, 7), 2, v. a. [contr. from praehibeo, q. v. from prae-habeo], to hold forth, reach out, proffer, offer (class., esp. in the trop. signif.; syn.: ministro, suppedito, suggero).

Lit.:

canis parvulo praebens ubera,

Just. 1, 4:

cibum de manu,

Col. 9, 1, 6: collum cultris, Juv [p. 1411] 10, 269:

praebenda gladio cervix,

id. 10, 345:

jugulum,

Sen. Agam. 973:

cervicem,

Petr. 97:

os ad contumeliam,

Liv. 4, 35:

verberibus manus,

Ov. A. A. 1, 16:

aures,

to give ear, listen, attend, Liv. 38, 52; Vulg.Sap. 6, 3: aurem, id. Job, 6, 28.—

Transf., in gen., to give, grant, furnish, supply:

aurum, vestem, purpuram Bene praebeo, nec quicquam eges,

Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 11:

panem,

Nep. Them. 10, 3:

sumptum,

Just. 31, 4, 1:

spectaculum,

Sall. J. 14, 23:

sponsalia,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 1: vicem, to supply the place of:

vicem postium,

to supply the place of posts, serve as posts, Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:

eundem usum,

id. 28, 11, 49, § 179.—

Trop., to give, grant, furnish, render, cause, make, occasion; to show, exhibit, represent; and with se, to show, approve, behave one's self in a certain manner:

operam reipublicae,

Liv. 5, 4:

materiam seditionis,

id. 3, 46:

honorem alicui,

Plin. 15, 4, 5, § 19 (al. perhibuit):

fidem alicui in periculis,

Nep. Att. 4, 4.—Esp. with se and acc. of adj.:

se talem alicui, qualem, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4, 11:

in re misericordem et in testimonio religiosum se praebuit,

id. Caecin. 10, 26:

Pompeius se auctorem meae salutis praebuit,

id. Sest. 50, 107:

in eo vehementer se moderatum praebere,

id. Off. 2, 21, 73:

se in malis hominem praebuit,

id. Fam. 15, 17, 3:

se dignum suis majoribus,

id. ib. 2, 18, 3:

in eos, qui ea perficere voluerunt, me severum vehementemque praebeo,

id. Cat. 4, 6, 12:

me similem in utroque praebui,

towards both, id. Sull. 8, 16.—With nom. of adj. (very rare):

ut vobis videtur, praebebit se periculis fortis,

Sen. Ep. 85, 26.—With abl.:

pari se virtute praebuit,

Nep. Dat. 2, 1:

in eo magistratu pari diligentiā se Hannibal praebuit,

id. Hann. 7, 5.—So, also, without se:

Phormio in hac re ut aliis strenuum hominem praebuit,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 12; so, too, in neutr. signif. of a woman, to surrender herself to her lover:

odi quae praebet, quia sit praebere necesse,

Ov. A. A. 2, 685:

praebere se legibus,

i. e. to resign one's self to, submit to, Sen. Ep. 70, 9:

praebere causam tollendi indutias,

to give, Liv. 30, 4:

suspicionem insidiarum,

Nep. Dat. 10, 3:

spem impunitatis aut locum peccandi,

Col. 11, 1:

gaudium et metum,

Liv. 25, 27:

tumultum,

id. 28, 1:

opinionem timoris,

Caes. B. G. 3, 17:

sonitum,

Liv. 7, 36:

caput argutae historiae,

matter for an entertaining story, Prop. 3 (4), 20, 28:

ludos,

to furnish sport, Ter. Eun. 5, 6, 9.—With an obj.-clause, to permit, allow, let a thing be done ( poet.):

quae toties rapta est, praebuit ipsa rapi,

suffered herself to be carried off, Ov. H. 5, 132.—Hence, praebĭta, ōrum, n., what is furnished for support, allowance (postAug.):

annua,

Col. 1, 8, 17:

praebitis annuis privavit,

Suet. Tib. 50.

prae-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre, v. a., to bear before, to carry in front, to hold forth.

Lit.

In gen. (class.):

dextrā ardentem facem praeferebat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74; cf.:

alicui facem ad libidinem,

id. Cat. 1, 6, 13:

in fascibus insignia laureae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 71:

fasces praetoribus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 9, § 22; Ov. F. 2, 336:

claram facem praeferre pudendis,

Juv. 8, 139.—

Pass. with mid. force: praelatus, riding by, hurrying past:

praelatus equo,

Tac. A. 6, 35:

praelatos hostes adoriri,

Liv. 2, 14 fin.:

praeter castra sua fugā praelati,

id. 7, 24; cf. id. 33, 27.—With acc.:

castra sua praelati,

hurrying past the camp, Liv. 5, 26.—

In partic., to carry in front, to bear along in public, and esp. in religious and triumphal processions:

signa militaria praelata,

Liv. 3, 29; 31, 49:

Pontico triumpho trium verborum praetulit titulum: veni, vidi, vici,

Suet. Caes. 37:

statuam Circensi pompā,

id. Tit. 2.—

Trop.

In gen., to carry before, to place or set before, to offer, present (very rare):

clarissimum lumen praetulistis menti meae,

Cic. Sull. 14, 40: suam vitam, ut legem, praefert suis legibus, to carry one's life before, let it shine before as a guiding law (the image is borrowed from the bearing of torches before a thing), id. Rep. 1, 34, 52 Mos.: apud consulem causam atque excusationem, to offer as a cause, as an excuse, Sisenn. ap. Non. 58, 17.—

In partic.

To place a person or thing before another in esteem, to prefer (very freq.):

quem cui nostrum non saepe praetulit?

Cic. Att. 9, 13, 8; so,

aliquem alicui,

id. Brut. 26, 101:

se alicui,

id. de Or. 2, 84, 342; Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 2; cf.:

virtute belli praeferri omnibus nationibus,

id. ib. 5, 54, 5:

pecuniam amicitiae,

Cic. Lael. 17, 63:

jus majestatis atque imperii ipsi naturae patrioque amori, id Fin. 1, 7, 23: vestram voluntatem meis omnibus commodis et rationibus,

id. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71:

ergo ille... ipsis est praeferendus doctoribus... Equidem quemadmodum urbes magnas viculis et castellis praeferendas puto, sic, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 2, 3:

Brutus cuilibet ducum praeferendus,

Vell. 2, 69, 3:

puellam puellis,

Ov. M. 4, 56; Plin. 15, 23, 25, § 94:

hoc pueris patriaeque,

Juv. 6, 111: animam praeferre [p. 1419] pudori, id. 8, 83.—With an object-clause, to choose rather, prefer:

cur alter fratrum cessare et ludere et ungi Praeferat Herodis palmetis pinguibus,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 184:

ut multi praetulerint carere Penatibus,

Col. 1, 3.—

With ref. to time, to take beforehand, to anticipate (very rare;

not in Cic.): diem triumphi,

Liv. 39, 5, 12:

nec bonus Eurytion praelato invidit honori,

Verg. A. 5, 541; cf.: praelato die, Form. Praet. ap. Dig. 2, 13, 1; 48, 10, 28; cf.

opem,

to bring beforehand, Stat. Th. 6, 476.—

To show, display, exhibit, discover, manifest, expose, reveal, betray, etc. (rare but class.): cum praeferremus sensus aperte, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 4:

avaritiam praefers,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 31, 87:

amorem,

Ov. H. 17, 36:

fons Calirrhoë aquarum gloriam ipso nomine praeferens,

Plin. 5, 16, 15, § 72:

aures in equis animi indicia praeferunt,

id. 11, 37, 50, § 137:

duae aquilae omen duplicis imperii praeferentes,

Just. 12, 16:

modestiam praeferre et lasciviā uti,

Tac. A. 13, 45 (but in id. H. 5, 1, praelatis is corrupted;

the correct read. is privatis): dolorem animi vultu,

Curt. 6, 9, 1:

sapientiae studium habitu corporis,

Plin. Ep. 1, 22, 6.

prō-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre ( inf. pass. parag. proferrier, Lucr. 1, 207;

proferis for profers,

Firm. Mat. 22, 3), v. a.

Lit.

To carry or bring out, to bring forth (class.; cf.: prodo, produco, adduco): Al. Vin' proferri pateram? Am. Proferri volo. Al. Fiat:

tu, Thessala, intus pateram proferto foras,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 137:

arma tormentaque ex oppido,

Caes. B. C. 2, 22:

(nummos) ex arcā,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 11, 29.—

To extend, stretch, or thrust out:

linguam in tussiendo,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 50:

manum,

id. Ps. 3, 2, 72:

digitum,

Cic. Caecin. 25, 71.—

Se proferre, to raise one's self, show one's self, appear (post-Aug.):

draco e pulvino se proferens,

Suet. Ner. 6.—

To offer, proffer:

alicui minas viginti argenti,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 60.—Esp.,

Proferre gradum or pedem, to go on, proceed:

gradum proferam, progredi properabo,

Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 2: gradum pedum proferre, Enn ap Fest. p. 249:

passus, Lucr 4, 874: longe pedem,

Quint. 11, 3, 160; cf.: pedem, Hor A. P 135. —

As milit. t. t.: signa proferre, to advance the standards, march on, Liv 4, 32, 10; so,

proferre inde castra,

id. 10, 33, 7:

quidquid ab urbe longius proferrent arma,

id. 7, 32, 6.—Also,

Nautical t t.:

pedibus profatis in contrarium navigare,

to sail close to the wind, Plin. 2, 47, 48; cf.:

prolato pede transversos captare notos,

Sen. Med. 321.—

Transf.

To bring forth, produce, cause to grow, of plants (postAug.):

caelum laurum patitur, atque etiam nitidissimam profert,

Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 4:

semen,

Plin. 17, 13, 20, § 95 (al. perfert). —

Of pronunciation, to utter, pronounce (post-Aug.):

extremas syllabas,

Quint. 11, 3, 33.—

To extend, enlarge (class.):

castra, Caes, B. C. 1, 81: et proferre libet fines,

Juv. 14, 142:

pomoerium,

Gell. 13, 14, 2.—

To put off, defer, adjourn, etc. (class.): rem aliquot dies, Cat. ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:

auctionis diem laxius proferre,

Cic. Att. 13, 14, 1:

aliquid in diem posterum,

Gell. 1, 23, 5; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 6.—

Of a painter, to bring out, to represent distinctly (post-Aug.);

venas protulit,

Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 56.—

Trop.

With se, to raise, elevate one's self (post-Aug.):

qui se ipsi protulerunt,

who have raised themselves from ignorance, Sen. Ep. 52, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 13, 1.—

To bring out, make known, produce in public, publish (class.):

ejus (orationis) proferendae arbitrium tuum,

Cic. Att. 15, 13, 1:

artem,

to exhibit publicly, Suet. Ner 25 —

To bring forth, produce, invent, discover, make known, reveal (class.):

artem,

Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

palam proferre aliquid, Ter Ad. 3, 2, 41: cum illa indicia communis exitii indagavi, patefeci, protuli,

Cic. Mil. 37, 102:

aliquid foras,

id. Cael. 23, 57:

rem in medium,

id. Fam. 15, 2, 6:

secreta animi,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 141:

Montanum, quia protulerit ingenium, extorrem agi,

displayed his genius, Tac. A. 16, 29 fin. —

To bring forward, quote, cite, mention (class.);

libros,

Cic. N. D. 1, 40, 113:

testes, legatos,

id. Balb. 18, 41:

auctores,

id. de Or 2, 71, 290:

nominatim multos,

id. Rosc. Am 16, 47;

paucos belli duces praestantissimos,

id. de Or 1, 2, 7:

vinolentiam alicujus,

id. Phil. 2, 39, 101:

vim, potentiam, factiones, divitias, clientelas, affinitates adversariorum,

Auct. Her. 1, 5, 8:

aliquid in medium,

Cic. Verr 2, 4, 52, § 115; id. Fin. 2, 23, 76; Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 41:

memoriter Progeniem suam usque ab avo atque atavo, Ter Phorm. 2, 3, 48: exempla omnium nota,

Cic. Div 1, 46, 103.—

To extend, enlarge:

fines officiorum,

Cic. Mur. 31, 65:

memoriam alicujus,

to prolong, Plin. Ep. 5, 12, 2:

ut vita ejus debuerit inmortalitate proferri,

id. ib. 2, 7, 4; 3, 7, 14.—

To impel:

si paulo longius pietas Caecilium protulisset,

Cic. Sull. 23, 64.—With se:

cum se ad clarissimorum civium strages caedesque proferret,

Plin. Pan. 48.—

To lengthen out, prolong (class.):

beatam vitam usque ad rogum proferre,

Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 76:

ut depositi proferret fata parentis,

Verg. A. 12, 395.