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electron-repelling

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  • acid–base reaction — ▪ chemistry Introduction       a type of chemical process typified by the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral (molecules, such as water, H2O; or acetic acid, CH3CO2H) or electrically charged (ions, such… …   Universalium

  • cell — cell1 cell like, adj. /sel/, n. 1. a small room, as in a convent or prison. 2. any of various small compartments or bounded areas forming part of a whole. 3. a small group acting as a unit within a larger organization: a local cell of the… …   Universalium

  • Nuclear binding energy — is the energy required to split a nucleus of an atom into its component parts. The component parts are neutrons and protons, which are collectively called nucleons. If the binding energy for the products is higher when light nuclei fuse, or when… …   Wikipedia

  • Effective atomic number — has two different meanings: one that is the effective nuclear charge of an atom, and one that calculates the average atomic number for a compound or mixture of materials. Both are abbreviated Zeff.For an atomThe effective atomic number Zeff,… …   Wikipedia

  • chemical bonding — ▪ chemistry Introduction       any of the interactions that account for the association of atoms into molecules, ions, crystals, and other stable species that make up the familiar substances of the everyday world. When atoms approach one another …   Universalium

  • electricity — /i lek tris i tee, ee lek /, n. 1. See electric charge. 2. See electric current. 3. the science dealing with electric charges and currents. 4. a state or feeling of excitement, anticipation, tension, etc. [1640 50; ELECTRIC + ITY] * * *… …   Universalium

  • Classical and quantum conductivity — Classical and quantum mechanical views of conductivity have both described the movements of electrons in a metallic solid. The free electron gas that is present in metallic solids is the reason for an important property of all metals:… …   Wikipedia

  • Effective nuclear charge — Diagram The effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge experienced by an electron in a multi electron atom. The term effective is used because the shielding effect of negatively charged electrons prevents higher orbital electrons from… …   Wikipedia

  • Particle beam weapon — A particle beam weapon uses an ultra high energy beam of atoms or electrons (i.e., a particle beam) to damage a material target by hitting it, and thus disrupting its atomic and molecular structure. A particle beam weapon is a type of directed… …   Wikipedia

  • Muon-catalyzed fusion — This article refers to the original use of the term cold fusion. For the controversial experiments known as cold fusion, see Cold fusion. For other uses, see Cold Fusion (disambiguation). Muon catalyzed fusion (μCF) is a process allowing nuclear… …   Wikipedia

  • nervous system — Anat., Zool. 1. the system of nerves and nerve centers in an animal or human, including the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia. 2. a particular part of this system. Cf. autonomic nervous system, central nervous system, peripheral nervous… …   Universalium

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