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1 contrast
1. ['kɔntrɑːst] nkontrast m2. [kən'trɑːst] vtzestawiać (zestawić perf), porównywać (porównać perf)to contrast sth with sth — przeciwstawiać (przeciwstawić perf) coś czemuś
in contrast to/with — w przeciwieństwie do +gen
* * *1. verb1) (to show marked difference from: His words contrast with his actions.) być w sprzeczności2) (to compare so as to show differences: Contrast fresh and frozen vegetables and you'll find the fresh ones taste better.) porównywać2. noun1) (difference(s) in things or people that are compared: The contrast between their attitudes is very marked.) kontrast2) (a thing or person that shows a marked difference (to another): She's a complete contrast to her sister.) przeciwieństwo -
2 tell
[tɛl] 1. pt, pp told, vt2. vito tell sth from sth — odróżniać (odróżnić perf) coś od czegoś
to tell on — ( affect) odbijać się (odbić się perf) na +loc
to tell sb to do sth — kazać (kazać perf) komuś coś zrobić
to tell sb of/about sth — ( inform) mówić (powiedzieć perf) komuś o czymś; ( at length) opowiadać (opowiedzieć perf) komuś o czymś
I couldn't tell what they were thinking — nie miałem pojęcia, co myślą
can you tell me the time? — czy może mi Pan/Pani powiedzieć, która (jest) godzina?
(I) tell you what … — wiesz co, …
Phrasal Verbs:- tell off- tell on* * *[tel]1) (to inform or give information to (a person) about (something): He told the whole story to John; He told John about it.) powiedzieć2) (to order or command; to suggest or warn: I told him to go away.) kazać3) (to say or express in words: to tell lies / the truth / a story.) mówić, opowiadać4) (to distinguish; to see (a difference); to know or decide: Can you tell the difference between them?; I can't tell one from the other; You can tell if the meat is cooked by/from the colour.) zauważyć, odróżnić5) (to give away a secret: You mustn't tell or we'll get into trouble.) wygadać6) (to be effective; to be seen to give (good) results: Good teaching will always tell.) sprawdzać się•- teller- telling
- tellingly
- telltale
- I told you so
- tell off
- tell on
- tell tales
- tell the time
- there's no telling
- you never can tell -
3 change
[tʃeɪndʒ] 1. vtzmieniać (zmienić perf); ( replace) zamieniać (zamienić perf), wymieniać (wymienić perf); (substitute, exchange) wymieniać (wymienić perf); ( transform)2. vizmieniać się (zmienić się perf); ( on bus etc) przesiadać się (przesiąść się perf); ( be transformed)3. nto change into — zamieniać się (zamienić się perf) or przemieniać się (przemienić się perf) w +acc
( alteration) zmiana f; ( difference) odmiana f; ( coins) drobne pl; ( money returned) reszta fto change trains/buses — przesiadać się (przesiąść się perf)
to change hands — person zmieniać (zmienić perf) rękę; money, house etc zmieniać (zmienić perf) właściciela
to change a baby — przewijać (przewinąć perf) niemowlę
to change one's mind — zmieniać (zmienić perf) zdanie, rozmyślić się ( perf)
to change gear ( AUT) — zmieniać (zmienić perf) bieg
to give sb change for/of ten pounds — rozmieniać (rozmienić perf) komuś dziesięć funtów
* * *[ ein‹] 1. verb1) (to make or become different: They have changed the time of the train; He has changed since I saw him last.) zmieniać się2) (to give or leave (one thing etc for another): She changed my library books for me.) wymieniać3) ((sometimes with into) to remove (clothes etc) and replace them by clean or different ones: I'm just going to change (my shirt); I'll change into an old pair of trousers.) przebierać (się)4) ((with into) to make into or become (something different): The prince was changed into a frog.) zamieniać5) (to give or receive (one kind of money for another): Could you change this bank-note for cash?) zmieniać2. noun1) (the process of becoming or making different: The town is undergoing change.) zmiana2) (an instance of this: a change in the programme.) zmiana3) (a substitution of one thing for another: a change of clothes.) zmiana4) (coins rather than paper money: I'll have to give you a note - I have no change.) drobne5) (money left over or given back from the amount given in payment: He paid with a dollar and got 20 cents change.) reszta6) (a holiday, rest etc: He has been ill - the change will do him good.) zmiana•- change hands
- a change of heart
- the change of life
- change one's mind
- for a change -
4 clash
[klæʃ] 1. n(fight, disagreement) starcie nt; (of beliefs, cultures, styles) zderzenie nt; (of events, appointments) nałożenie się nt; ( of weapons) szczęk m; ( of cymbals) brzęk m2. vigangs, political opponents ścierać się (zetrzeć się perf); beliefs kolidować (ze sobą); colours, styles kłócić się (ze sobą); two events, appointments kolidować, nakładać się (nałożyć się perf) (na siebie); weapons szczękać (zaszczękać perf); cymbals brzękać (brzęknąć perf)* * *[klæʃ] 1. noun1) (a loud noise, like eg swords striking together: the clash of metal on metal.) szczęk2) (a serious disagreement or difference: a clash of personalities.) konflikt3) (a battle: a clash between opposing armies.) starcie4) ((of two or more things) an act of interfering with each other because of happening at the same time: a clash between classes.) kolizja2. verb1) (to strike together noisily: The cymbals clashed.) dźwięczeć2) (to fight (in battle): The two armies clashed at the mouth of the valley.) ścierać się3) (to disagree violently: They clashed over wages.) kłócić się4) (to interfere (with something or each other) because of happening at the same time: The two lectures clash.) kolidować5) ((of colours) to appear unpleasant when placed together: The (colour of the) jacket clashes with the (colour of the) skirt.) gryźć się, kłócić się -
5 close
I 1. [kləus] adj( near)2. advclose to — blisko +gen; friend, relative, ties bliski; writing, print drobny; texture gęsty, ścisły; examination, look dokładny; contest wyrównany; weather parny; room duszny
close to/up — z bliska
II 1. [kləuz] vtclose at hand —
door, window zamykać (zamknąć perf); sale, deal finalizować (sfinalizować perf); conversation, speech zakańczać (zakończyć perf)Phrasal Verbs:- close in2. vi3. nto close (with) — kończyć się (zakończyć się perf) ( +instr)
koniec mthe shops/libraries close on Saturdays at one p.m. — sklepy/biblioteki zamyka się w soboty o trzynastej
* * *I 1. [kləus] adverb1) (near in time, place etc: He stood close to his mother; Follow close behind.) blisko2) (tightly; neatly: a close-fitting dress.) ciasno2. adjective1) (near in relationship: a close friend.) bliski2) (having a narrow difference between winner and loser: a close contest; The result was close.) wyrównany3) (thorough: a close examination of the facts; Keep a close watch on him.) dokładny4) (tight: a close fit.) ciasny5) (without fresh air: a close atmosphere; The weather was close and thundery.) duszny6) (mean: He's very close (with his money).) skąpy7) (secretive: They're keeping very close about the business.) tajemniczy•- closely- closeness
- close call/shave
- close-set
- close-up
- close at hand
- close on
- close to II 1. [kləuz] verb1) (to make or become shut, often by bringing together two parts so as to cover an opening: The baby closed his eyes; Close the door; The shops close on Sundays.) zamykać2) (to finish; to come or bring to an end: The meeting closed with everyone in agreement.) zamykać (się)3) (to complete or settle (a business deal).) zawierać2. noun(a stop, end or finish: the close of day; towards the close of the nineteenth century.) koniec- close up -
6 differentiate
[dɪfə'rɛnʃɪeɪt] 1. vi2. vtto differentiate between — rozróżniać (rozróżnić perf) pomiędzy +instr
to differentiate sth from — odróżniać (odróżnić perf) coś od +gen
* * *[-'renʃieit]1) (to see or be able to tell a difference (between): I cannot even differentiate a blackbird and a starling.) odróżniać2) ((with between) to treat differently: She does not differentiate between her two children although one is adopted.) traktować inaczej -
7 discriminate
[dɪs'krɪmɪneɪt]vito discriminate between sth and sth — odróżniać (odróżnić perf) coś od czegoś
* * *[di'skrimineit]1) ((with between) to make or see a difference between: It is difficult to discriminate between real and pretended cases of poverty.) rozróżniać2) ((often with against) to treat a certain kind of people differently: He was accused of discriminating against women employees.) dyskryminować• -
8 distinguish
[dɪs'tɪŋgwɪʃ]vtto distinguish between — rozróżniać (rozróżnić perf) pomiędzy +instr
to distinguish o.s. — ( in battle etc) odznaczać się (odznaczyć się perf)
* * *[di'stiŋɡwiʃ]1) ((often with from) to mark as different: What distinguishes this café from all the others?) wyróżniać2) (to identify or make out: He could just distinguish the figure of a man running away.) rozpoznać, dostrzegać3) ((sometimes with between) to recognize a difference: I can't distinguish (between) the two types - they both look the same to me.) rozróżnić4) (to make (oneself) noticed through one's achievements: He distinguished himself at school by winning a prize in every subject.) wyróżniać się•- distinguished -
9 exchange
[ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ] 1. n(of prisoners, infomation, students) wymiana f; ( conversation) wymiana f zdań; (also: telephone exchange) centrala f (telefoniczna)2. vtto exchange (for) — wymieniać (wymienić perf) (na +acc)
in exchange for — w zamian za +acc
foreign exchange — waluta obca, dewizy
* * *[iks' ein‹] 1. verb1) (to give, or give up, in return for something else: Can you exchange a dollar note for two 50-cent pieces?) wymieniać, zmieniać2) (to give and receive in return: They exchanged amused glances.) wymieniać2. noun1) (the giving and taking of one thing for another: He gave me a pencil in exchange for the marble; An exchange of opinions is helpful.) wymiana2) (a conversation or dispute: An angry exchange took place between the two brothers when their father's will was read.) wymiana zdań3) (the act of exchanging the money of one country for that of another.) wymiana4) (the difference between the value of money in different countries: What is the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the yen?) kurs5) (a place where business shares are bought and sold or international financial dealings carried on.) giełda6) ((also telephone exchange) a central telephone system where lines are connected.) centrala telefoniczna• -
10 matter
['mætə(r)] 1. nno matter what — bez względu na to, co się stanie
reading matter ( BRIT) — lektura
- matters2. viliczyć się, mieć znaczenieit doesn't matter — (is not important, makes no difference) to nie ma znaczenia; ( never mind) (nic) nie szkodzi
* * *['mætə] 1. noun1) (solids, liquids and/or gases in any form, from which everything physical is made: The entire universe is made up of different kinds of matter.) materia, substancja2) (a subject or topic (of discussion etc): a private matter; money matters.) sprawa3) (pus: The wound was infected and full of matter.) ropa2. verb(to be important: That car matters a great deal to him; It doesn't matter.) mieć znaczenie- be the matter
- a matter of course
- a matter of opinion
- no matter
- no matter who
- what
- where -
11 perceive
[pə'siːv]vtsound, light postrzegać; difference dostrzegać (dostrzec perf); (view, understand) widzieć, postrzegać* * *[pə'si:v](to be or become aware of (something); to understand; to realize: She perceived that he was tired.) (s)postrzegać -
12 shade
[ʃeɪd] 1. n( shelter) cień m; ( for lamp) abażur m, klosz m; ( of colour) odcień m; (US) (also: window shade) roleta fa shade (too large/more) — odrobinę (za duży/więcej)
- shades2. vt* * *[ʃeid] 1. noun1) (slight darkness caused by the blocking of some light: I prefer to sit in the shade rather than the sun.) cień2) (the dark parts of a picture: light and shade in a portrait.) cień3) (something that screens or shelters from light or heat: a large sunshade; a shade for a light.) zasłona, abażur4) (a variety of a colour; a slight difference: a pretty shade of green; shades of meaning.) odcień5) (a slight amount: The weather is a shade better today.) odrobina2. verb1) ((sometimes with from) to shelter from light or heat: He put up his hand to shade his eyes.) osłonić2) (to make darker: You should shade the foreground of that drawing.) cieniować3) ((with into) to change very gradually eg from one colour to another.) stopniowo przechodzić•- shaded- shades
- shading
- shady
- shadiness
- put in the shade -
13 split
[splɪt] 1. n 2. vt; pt, pp split( divide) dzielić (podzielić perf); party powodować (spowodować perf) podział or rozłam w +loc; work, profits dzielić (podzielić perf)3. vi; pt, pp split( divide) dzielić się (podzielić się perf); ( crack) pękać (pęknąć perf); ( tear) rozdzierać się (rozedrzeć się perf)let's split the difference — ( with money) podzielmy resztę na połowę; ( fig) ( in argument) pójdźmy na kompromis
to do the splits — robić (zrobić perf) szpagat
Phrasal Verbs:- split up* * *[split] 1. verbpresent participle splitting: past tense, past participle split)1) (to cut or (cause to) break lengthwise: to split firewood; The skirt split all the way down the back seam.) rozłupywać (się), rozdzierać (się)2) (to divide or (cause to) disagree: The dispute split the workers into two opposing groups.) dzielić (się)2. noun(a crack or break: There was a split in one of the sides of the box.) pęknięcie, szczelina- split second
- splitting headache
- the splits
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