dēlībĕrātĭo

crŭcĭo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [crux].

Orig., to put to death on the cross, to crucify (only in eccl. Lat.), Lact. Mort. Pers. 2, 1.—

In gen., to put to the rack, to torture, torment (freq. and class., esp. in the signif. B.).

Physically:

cum vigiliis et fame cruciaretur,

Cic. Fin. 2, 20, 65:

tribunos militum verberatos servilibusque omnibus suppliciis cruciatos trucidando occidit,

Liv. 29, 18, 14 Drak. N. cr.:

cum cruciabere dirae Sanguine serpentis,

Ov. M. 2, 651:

cruciataque diris Corpora tormentis,

id. ib. 3, 694 al.:

qui advehuntur quadrupedanti crucianti canterio,

i. e. torturing the rider by its uneasy motion, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 34.—

Transf. of inanimate things:

terra ferro, ligno, igni, lapide, fruge omnibus cruciatur horis,

Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 157; so,

aes cruciatur in primis accensumque restinguitur sale,

id. 33, 3, 20, § 65.—

Mentally.

Act.:

graviter adulescentulum,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 1; id. Eun. 2, 3, 93; Hor. S. 1, 10, 78 al.:

officii me deliberatio cruciat cruciavitque adhuc,

Cic. Att. 8, 15, 2:

ut ipsus sese cruciat aegritudine!

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 89:

ne crucia te, obsecro, anime mi,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 15; cf. Hor. S. 1, 2, 22:

quos major sollicitudo cruciat,

Just. 6, 3, 9:

illud me cruciat, quod, etc.,

Mart. 11, 94, 5. —So pass.:

tanto dolore cruciatus est,

Just. 12, 13, 9.—

Medial (only in Plaut. and Ter.), to afflict one's self, to grieve, be afflicted:

ut miserae matres cruciantur!

Plaut. Truc. 2, 5, 2; cf.:

crucior miser,

Ter. And. 5, 2, 10; with acc. and inf.:

crucior me lapidem non habere, ut, etc.,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 68; Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 6; and with acc. of neutr. pron.:

istuc crucior, a viro me tali abalienarier,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 11; id. Trin. 5, 2, 46.

incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.

With in and acc.:

in foveam,

Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

id. Fat. 3, 6:

e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

in segetem flamma,

falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

pestilentia in urbem,

Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

in oculos,

Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

Liv. 27, 13, 2:

in laqueos,

Juv. 10, 314.—

With other prepp.:

incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

Verg. A. 12, 926:

(turris) super agmina late incidit,

id. ib. 2, 467.—

With dat.:

incidere portis,

to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

lymphis putealibus,

Lucr. 6, 1174:

caput incidit arae,

Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

ultimis Romanis,

id. 28, 13, 9:

jacenti,

Stat. Th. 5, 233:

hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—

Absol.:

illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —

In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.

With in and acc.:

in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

cum hic in me incidit,

id. ib. 41, 99:

C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

in insidias,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

in manus alicujus,

id. Clu. 7, 21:

in vituperatores,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—

With inter:

inter catervas armatorum,

Liv. 25, 39.—

With dat.:

qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

Verg. A. 11, 699.—

With acc. alone (late Lat.):

bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

fatales laqueos,

Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—

Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

id. 28, 13, 9.

Trop.

In gen., to fall into any condition.

With in and acc.:

in morbum,

Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

in miserias,

id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

Liv. 41, 21, 5:

ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

Sall. C. 14, 4:

in honoris contentionem,

Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

in furorem et insaniam,

Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —

With acc. alone:

caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

amorem,

id. ib. 14, 1.—

To fall upon, befall:

eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

Liv. 27, 23, 6:

tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—

In partic.

To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

id. Lael. 1, 2:

in varios sermones,

id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

id. Brut. 2, 9:

iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—

To come or occur to one's mind:

sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

Liv. 1, 57, 6.—

To fall upon, happen in a certain time.

With in and acc.:

quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

id. Pis. 4, 8:

quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—

With acc. alone (late Lat.):

ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

Sol. 1, § 44.—

To fall out, happen, occur:

et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

si quid tibi durius inciderit,

Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

potest incidere quaestio,

Quint. 7, 1, 19:

verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

id. 2, 5, 4:

in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

si quando ita incidat,

Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

Liv. 26, 23, 2:

forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

id. 1, 46, 5.—

To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—

To stumble upon, undertake at random:

sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.

incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).

Lit.:

teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

arbores,

Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

palmes inciditur in medullam,

id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

venam,

to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

incisi nervi,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

circa vulnus scalpello,

Cels. 5, 27, 3:

pinnas,

to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

vites falce,

Verg. E. 3, 11:

pulmo incisus,

cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

nos linum incidimus, legimus,

cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

funem,

Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

nocentes homines vivos,

id. ib.:

quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

Stat. Th. 5, 517:

non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

Liv. 6, 29 fin. —

Transf.

To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.

With in and abl.:

id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

74: nomina in tabula incisa,

id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

incidens litteras in fago recenti,

Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

indicem in aeneis tabulis,

Suet. Aug. 101:

quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—

With in and acc.:

quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

leges in aes incisae,

Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

lege jam in aes incisā,

Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—

With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

verba ceris,

Ov. M. 9, 529:

amores arboribus,

Verg. E. 10, 53:

fastos marmoreo parieti,

Suet. Gramm. 17:

nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—

Absol.:

incidebantur jam domi leges,

Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

tabula his litteris incīsa,

Liv. 6, 29, 9:

sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—

To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

Ov. M. 8, 245:

novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.

Trop.

To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

Stat. Th. 9, 884:

novas lites,

Verg. E. 9, 14:

ludum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

vocis genus crebro incidens,

broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—

To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

media,

to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

id. 4, 2, 5:

Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

spe incisā,

id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

tantos actus,

Sil. 3, 78:

ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

Sen. Ep. 101:

testamentum,

to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—

In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut:

aequaliter particulas,

Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,

incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. komma, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci kommata et kôla nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which:

incisiones et membra,

id. 64, 261):

incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri,

Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—

incīsē, adv., in short clauses:

quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici,

Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.

incĭdo, cĭdi, cāsum, 3 ( fut. part. act. incasurus, Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97; perf. scanned incĭdĕrunt, Lucr. 6, 1174), v. n. [in-cado], to fall into or upon a thing, to fall, light upon (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen., constr. with in and acc.; less freq. with other prepp., with the dat., or absol.

With in and acc.:

in foveam,

Cic. Phil. 4, 5, 12:

ex spelunca saxum in crura ejus incidit,

id. Fat. 3, 6:

e nubi in nubem vis incidit ardens fulminis,

Lucr. 6, 145; cf. id. 296:

in segetem flamma,

falls, Verg. A. 2, 305:

pestilentia in urbem,

Liv. 27, 23 fin.:

ut incideret luna tum in eam metam, quae esset umbra terrae, etc.,

entered, Cic. Rep. 1, 14, 22:

in oculos,

Plin. 20, 17, 73, § 187:

incidentibus vobis in vallum portasque,

Liv. 27, 13, 2:

in laqueos,

Juv. 10, 314.—

With other prepp.:

incidit ictus Ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus,

Verg. A. 12, 926:

(turris) super agmina late incidit,

id. ib. 2, 467.—

With dat.:

incidere portis,

to rush into, Liv. 5, 11, 14; 5, 26, 8:

lymphis putealibus,

Lucr. 6, 1174:

caput incidit arae,

Ov. M. 5, 104: Sagunti ruinae nostris capitibus incident, Liv. 21, 10, 10:

ultimis Romanis,

id. 28, 13, 9:

jacenti,

Stat. Th. 5, 233:

hi duo amnes confluentes incidunt Oriundi flumini,

empty, fall into, Liv. 44, 31, 4:

modo serius incidis (sol) undis,

sink, Ov. M. 4, 198.—

Absol.:

illa (hasta) volans, umeri surgunt qua tegmina summa, incidit,

Verg. A. 10, 477: incidit Adriaci spatium admirabile rhombi, i. e. into the fisherman ' s net, Juv. 4, 39. —

In partic., to fall upon, meet, or come upon unexpectedly, fall in with a person or thing.

With in and acc.:

in aliquem incurrere atque incidere,

Cic. Planc. 7, 17:

cum hic in me incidit,

id. ib. 41, 99:

C. Valerius Procillus, cum in fuga catenis vinctus traheretur, in ipsum Caesarem incidit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 53, 5:

in insidias,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 3; cf.:

in quos (milites), si qui ex acie fugerint, de improviso incidant,

id. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:

in manus alicujus,

id. Clu. 7, 21:

in vituperatores,

id. Fam. 7, 3, 6; 6, 1, 25.—

With inter:

inter catervas armatorum,

Liv. 25, 39.—

With dat.:

qui (oculi) quocumque inciderunt,

Cic. Mil. 1, 1; Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 13; Quint. 11, 3, 50:

sane homini praeter opinionem improviso incidi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 74, § 182:

incidit huic Appennicolae bellator filius Anni,

Verg. A. 11, 699.—

With acc. alone (late Lat.):

bene quod meas potissimum manus incidisti,

App. M. 6, p. 176, 24; id. ib. p. 179, 4:

fatales laqueos,

Vulc. Gall. Avid. Caes. 2, § 2.—

Transf., to fall upon, attack, assault: triarii consurgentes... in hostem incidebant. Liv. 8, 8, 13:

postquam acrius ultimis incidebat Romanus,

id. 28, 13, 9.

Trop.

In gen., to fall into any condition.

With in and acc.:

in morbum,

Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 4: in febriculam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21 fin.:

in miserias,

id. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf.:

qui inciderant (sc. in morbum) haud facile septimum diem superabant,

Liv. 41, 21, 5:

ut si in hujusmodi amicitias ignari casu aliquo inciderint,

Cic. Lael. 12, 42:

quodsi quis etiam a culpa vacuus in amicitiam ejus inciderat,

Sall. C. 14, 4:

in honoris contentionem,

Cic. Lael. 10, 34:

in imperiorum, honorum, gloriae cupiditatem,

id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

in furorem et insaniam,

Cic. Pis. 20, 46. —

With acc. alone:

caecitatem, Ambros. de Tobia, 2: iram,

Lact. Plac. Narr. Fab. 1, 10:

amorem,

id. ib. 14, 1.—

To fall upon, befall:

eo anno pestilentia gravis incidit in urbem agrosque,

Liv. 27, 23, 6:

tantus terror incidit ejus exercitui,

fell upon, Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 2; cf.:

ut nihil incidisset postea civitati mali, quod, etc.,

happened, Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 26.—

In partic.

To fall upon accidentally; to light upon, in thought or conversation:

non consulto, sed casu in eorum mentionem incidi,

Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 50; id. Lael. 1, 3; cf.:

fortuito in sermonem alicujus incidere,

id. de Or. 1, 24, 111:

in eum sermonem incidere, qui, etc.,

id. Lael. 1, 2:

in varios sermones,

id. Att. 16, 2, 4:

cum in eam memoriam et recordationem nuper ex sermone quodam incidissemus,

id. Brut. 2, 9:

iterum in mentionem incidimus viri,

Tac. H. 4, 5; Plin. Ep. 9, 33, 1.—

To come or occur to one's mind:

sapiens appeteret aliquid, quodcumque in mentem incideret et quodcumque tamquam occurreret,

come into his mind, Cic. Fin. 4, 16, 43; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 5; id. Heaut. 3, 1, 75:

redeunti, ex ipsa re mihi incidit suspicio,

id. And. 2, 2, 22; 3, 2, 21:

tanta nunc suspicio de me incidit,

id. Ad. 4, 4, 5:

dicam, verum, ut aliud ex alio incidit,

id. Heaut. 3, 3, 37:

nihil te effugiet atque omne. quod erit in re occurret atque incidet,

Cic. de Or. 2, 34, 147:

potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium incidit de uxoribus mentio,

Liv. 1, 57, 6.—

To fall upon, happen in a certain time.

With in and acc.:

quod in id rei publicae tempus non incideris, sed veneris — judicio enim tuo, non casu in ipsum discrimen rerum contulisti tribunatum tuum—profecto vides, quanta vis, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2:

quorum aetas in eorum tempora, quos nominavi, incidit,

Cic. Or. 12, 39; cf. id. Fam. 5, 15, 3:

quoniam in eadem rei publicae tempora incidimus,

id. ib. 5, 8, 3 fin.:

facies me in quem diem Romana incidant mysteria certiorem,

id. Att. 6, 1, 26:

cum in Kalendas Januarias Compitaliorum dies incidisset,

id. Pis. 4, 8:

quae (bella) in ejus aetatem gravissima inciderunt,

Quint. 12, 11, 16: in eum annum quo erat Hortensius consul futurus, incidere, to fall into, i. e. to extend the case until, etc., id. 6, 5, 4; cf.:

quintus annus cum in te praetorem incidisset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 56, § 139.—

With acc. alone (late Lat.):

ut menses... autumnale tempus inciderent,

Sol. 1, § 44.—

To fall out, happen, occur:

et in nostra civitate et in ceteris, multis fortissimis atque optimis viris injustis judiciis tales casus incidisse,

Cic. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

si quid tibi durius inciderit,

Prop. 1, 15, 28; cf.: si casus inciderit, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 21, 6:

incidunt saepe tempora cum, etc.,

id. Off. 1, 10, 31:

eorum ipsorum, quae honesta sunt, potest incidere saepe contentio et comparatio,

id. ib. 1, 43, 152:

potest incidere quaestio,

Quint. 7, 1, 19:

verbum si quod minus usitatum incidat,

id. 2, 5, 4:

in magnis quoque auctoribus incidunt aliqua vitiosa,

id. 10, 2, 15; 11, 1, 70; Cels. 5, 27, 3: ea accidisse non quia haec facta sunt, arbitror;

verum haec ideo facta, quia incasura erant illa,

Plin. 2, 27, 27, § 97:

si quando ita incidat,

Quint. 2, 5, 5; cf.:

forte ita incidit, ut, etc.,

Liv. 26, 23, 2:

forte ita inciderat, ne, etc.,

id. 1, 46, 5.—

To fall in with, coincide, agree with, in opinion, etc.:

ne ipse incidat in Diodorum, etc.,

Cic. Fat. 8, 15.—

To stumble upon, undertake at random:

sic existumes non me fortuito ad tuam amplitudinem meis officiis amplectendam incidisse, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3.— Hence in part. pres.: incĭdentĭa, subst., occurrences, events, Amm. 14, 5, 4; 22, 9, 2 al.

incīdo, cīdi, cīsum, 3, v. a. [in-caedo], to cut into, cut through, cut open, cut up (class.).

Lit.:

teneris arboribus incisis atque inflexis,

Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4:

arbores,

Plin. 12, 14, 30, § 54; 32, § 58:

inciditur vitro, lapide, osseisve cultellis,

id. 12, 25, 54, § 115; cf.:

palmes inciditur in medullam,

id. 14, 9, 11, § 84:

venam,

to open, id. 29, 6, 58, § 126; Cels. 2, 8; Tac. A. 16, 19; cf.:

incisi nervi,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

circa vulnus scalpello,

Cels. 5, 27, 3:

pinnas,

to clip, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 5; so,

vites falce,

Verg. E. 3, 11:

pulmo incisus,

cut up, divided, Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85; cf.:

eupatoria foliis per extremitates incisis,

i. e. notched, indented, Plin. 5, 6, 29, § 65:

nos linum incidimus, legimus,

cut through, cut, Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 10:

funem,

Verg. A. 3, 667: corpora mortuorum, to dissect, Cels. praef.:

nocentes homines vivos,

id. ib.:

quid habet haruspex cur pulmo incisus etiam in bonis extis dirimat tempus?

Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

si rectum limitem rupti torrentibus pontes inciderint,

cut through, broken through, Quint. 2, 13, 16:

squamisque incisus adaestuat amnis,

Stat. Th. 5, 517:

non incisa notis marmcra publicis,

engraved, Hor. C. 4, 8, 13:

tabula... his ferme incisa litteris fuit,

Liv. 6, 29 fin. —

Transf.

To cut in, to carve, engrave, inscribe on any thing; usually constr. with in and abl.; less freq. with in and acc., the dat., or absol.

With in and abl.:

id non modo tum scripserunt, verum etiam in aere incisum nobis tradiderunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 65; cf.:

foedus in columna aenea incisum et perscriptum,

id. Balb. 23, 53; id. Verr. 2, 2, 63, § 154:

in qua basi grandibus litteris P. Africani nomen erat incisum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

74: nomina in tabula incisa,

id. Fam. 13, 36, 1:

notum est carmen incisum in sepulcro,

id. de Sen. 17, 61; id. Pis. 29, 72; id. Font. 14, 31:

incidens litteras in fago recenti,

Plin. 16, 9, 14, § 35:

indicem in aeneis tabulis,

Suet. Aug. 101:

quae vos incidenda in aere censuistis,

Plin. Pan. 75, 1.—

With in and acc.:

quae (acta) ille in aes incidit,

Plin. Pan. 1, 7, 16:

leges in aes incisae,

Liv. 3, 57 fin.:

lege jam in aes incisā,

Suet. Aug. 28 fin.:

quod ita erit gestum, lex erit, et in aes incidi jubebitis credo illa legitima: consules populum jure rogaverunt, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 1, 10, 26.—

With dat. ( poet. and post-Aug.):

verba ceris,

Ov. M. 9, 529:

amores arboribus,

Verg. E. 10, 53:

fastos marmoreo parieti,

Suet. Gramm. 17:

nomen non trabibus aut saxis,

Plin. Pan. 54, 7; cf.:

primum aliquid da, quod possim titulis incidere,

i. e. among your titles, Juv. 8, 69.—

Absol.:

incidebantur jam domi leges,

Cic. Mil. 32, 87; cf.:

tabula his litteris incīsa,

Liv. 6, 29, 9:

sine delectu morum quisquis incisus est,

inscribed, registered, Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

Victorem litteris incisis appellare,

Macr. S. 3, 6, 11.—

To make by [p. 921] cutting, to cut (rare):

ferroque incidit acuto Perpetuos dentes et serrae repperit usum,

Ov. M. 8, 245:

novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor,

Verg. E. 8, 29; Col. 2, 21, 3.

Trop.

To break off, interrupt, put an end to:

poëma ad Caesarem, quod institueram, incidi,

have broken off, stopped, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 11:

inciditur omnis jam deliberatio, si intellegitur non posse fieri,

id. de Or. 2, 82, 336; cf. Liv. 32, 37, 5:

tandem haec singultu verba incidente profatur,

Stat. Th. 9, 884:

novas lites,

Verg. E. 9, 14:

ludum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 36:

vocis genus crebro incidens,

broken, interrupted, Cic. de Or. 3, 58, 217.—

To cut off, cut short, take away, remove:

media,

to cut short, Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 47:

qui mihi pinnas inciderant nolunt easdem renasci,

id. 4, 2, 5:

Tarquinius spe omni reditus incisā exsulatum Tusculum abiit,

cut off, Liv. 2, 15, 7:

spe incisā,

id. 3, 58, 6; 35, 31, 7; cf. id. 44, 6, 13; 44, 13, 3:

tantos actus,

Sil. 3, 78:

ipsam, quam promimus horam casus incidit,

Sen. Ep. 101:

testamentum,

to annul, invalidate, Dig. 28, 4, 3.—

In rhet., to make by cutting, to cut:

aequaliter particulas,

Cic. Or. 61, 205.— Hence,

incī-sum, i, n., rhet. t. t. for the Gr. komma, a section or division of a sentence, a clause: quae nescio cur, cum Graeci kommata et kôla nominent, nos non recte incisa et membra dicamus, Cic. Or. 62, 211 (for which:

incisiones et membra,

id. 64, 261):

incisum erit sensus non expleto numero conclusus, plerisque pars membri,

Quint. 9, 4, 122; cf. id. ib. 22; 32; 44; 67; 123.—

incīsē, adv., in short clauses:

quo pacto deceat incise membratimve dici,

Cic. Or. 63, 212; cf. incisim.

per-pendo, pendi, pensum, 3, v. a., to weigh carefully or exactly.

Lit. (very rare):

in librili pendere,

Gell. 20, 1, 34.—

Trop., to weigh carefully, examine; to ponder, consider (class.; syn.: delibero, expendo, [p. 1351] reputo):

aliquid acri judicio,

Lucr. 2, 1042:

diligentissime perpendens momenta officiorum,

Cic. Mur. 2, 3:

aliquid ad disciplinae praecepta,

id. ib. 36, 77:

hoc non arte aliquā perpenditur,

id. de Or. 3, 37, 151:

judicare et perpendere, quantum quisque possit,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 6, 23: quid in amicitiā fieri oportet quae totā veritate perpenditur, which is considered or esteemed altogether according to its truth, Cic. Lael. 26, 97:

singulorum vires,

Just. 29, 3, 6:

perpendendum erit praetori, cui potius subveniat,

Dig. 4, 4, 13:

ut ante perpensum et exploratum habeamus, an, etc.,

Col. 3, 3:

homo judicii perpensi,

Arn. 2, 52:

deliberatio perpensa,

Amm. 22, 9.—Hence, per-pensē, adv., with deliberation, deliberately (post-class.); comp., Amm. 26, 5, 13; 25, 10, 15.