contain

circus, i, m., = kirkos [kindr. with krikos; Dor. kirkos, and korônê; cf.: kulindeô, kullos, cirrus, curvus].

A circular line, circle, in astronomy (less freq. than circulus): quot luna circos annuo in cursu institit, Att. ap. Non. p. 20, 28:

circus lacteus,

the Milky Way, Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 15, 2; cf.:

candens circus, Lacteus hic notatur,

Cic. Arat. 248 (492):

illum incolunt locum... erat autem is splendidissimo candore inter flammas circus elucens,

id. Rep. 6, 16, 16 B. and K.:

globus et circi zonaeque ac fulgida signa,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 583.—

Circus Maximus, and more freq. kat exochên Circus, the oval circus built by Tarquinius Priscus between the Palatine and Aventine hills, which could contain more than one hundred thousand spectators. It was surrounded by galleries three stories high, and a canal called Euripus. Through its whole length, in the middle, a wall four feet high and about twelve broad was built, called spina, at the ends of which there were three columns upon one base (meta), around which the combatants were required to pass seven times before the prize was awarded. In the middle of the spina, Cæsar erected the obelisk, 132 feet high, brought from Egypt; cf. Dion. Hal. 3, 68; Dict. Antiq. p. 252 sqq.;

Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 467 sq.—Passages with Circus Maximus,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 153 Müll.; id. R. R. 3, 13, 3; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Vitr. 3, 3, 5; Liv. 1, 35, 8 sqq.; Ov. F. 2, 392; Plin. 30, 15, 24, § 102; Suet. Ner. 25; 27; Gell. 5, 14, 5 al.—

Circus Magnus,

Ov. F. 6, 477; Plin. 36, 9, 14, § 71.—Most freq. only Circus, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Cic. Leg. 2, 15, 38; id. Mur. 34, 72 sq.; id. Phil. 2, 43, 110; Liv. 1, 36, 2; 42, 10, 5; Tac. H. 1, 4; Quint. 1, 6, 45; Suet. Caes. 39; id. Aug. 43; 74; id. Calig. 18 et saep.—In or around the Circus many jugglers and soothsayers, etc., stationed themselves;

hence, Circus fallax,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 113; Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132; Suet. Aug. 74:

Circus clamosus,

Mart. 10, 53, 1; cf. Juv. 3, 65. —Besides the Circus Maximus, there were at Rome still other Circi, among which the most celebrated was the Circus Flaminius in the ninth region, Varr. L. L. 5, § 154; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Planc. 23, 55; id. Sest. 14, 33; Liv. 27, 21, 1; 28, 11, 4; Plin. 34, 3, 7, § 13;

called only Circus,

Ov. F. 6, 205; 6, 209; cf. Becker, Antiq. 1, p. 598;

and the Circus Vaticanus, begun by Caligula and finished by Nero,

Plin. 16, 40, 76, § 201:

in Vaticani Gai et Neronis principuus circo,

id. 36, 11, 15, § 74.—Also, without the walls of Rome, Circus maritimus, Liv. 9, 42, 11.—

Hence, Circensis, e, adj., pertaining to the Circus: ludi, the contesls in the Circus Maximus, also called ludi magni (Liv. 4, 27, 2; 5, 19, 6; 22, 9, 10 al.; cf. Baumg.Crus. [p. 344] ad Suet. Aug. 23), Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33; Suet. Ner. 7; 11:

ludicrum, the same,

Liv. 44, 9, 3.—Hence, Circensis pompa, Suet. Claud. 11.—Also absol.: Circenses, ium, m. (sc. ludi; cf.

Neue, Formenl. 1, p. 458): edere,

Suet. Caes. 39; id. Calig. 18:

committere,

id. Claud. 21:

spectare,

id. Aug. 45:

Circensium die,

id. Dom. 4:

plebeii, prepared by the ediles annually in November,

id. Tib. 26.—

Transf., any race-course, Verg. A. 5, 109; 5, 289; 5, 551; Sil. 16, 313; 16, 323; Stat. Th. 6, 247.—

Meton., the spectators in the circus, Sil. 16, 535.

cŏ-hĭbĕo, ui ( perf. subj. cohibessit, Lucr. 3, 444 Lachm.), ĭtum, 2, v. a. [habeo].

To hold together, to hold, contain, confine, embrace, comprise (class.;

syn. contineo): omnes naturas ipsa (universa natura) cohibet et continet,

Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35; Lucr. 3, 441 sq.; 1, 517; 1, 536:

(nubes) ut fumus constare nequirent, Nec cohibere nives gelidas et grandinis imbres,

id. 6, 107:

aliquid in se,

id. 2, 1031; cf. Cic. Fat. 9, 19:

at Scyllam caecis cohibet spelunca latebris,

Verg. A. 3, 424:

semen occaecatum,

Cic. de Sen. 15, 51:

nodo crinem,

Hor. C. 3, 14, 22:

namque marem cohibent callosa (ova) vitellum,

id. S. 2, 4, 14:

auro lacertos,

to encircle, Ov. H. 9, 59:

bracchium togā,

Cic. Cael. 5, 11:

deos parietibus,

Tac. G. 9.—

Trop. (very rare): sed interest inter causas fortuito antegressas, et inter causas cohibentis in se efficientiam naturalem, Cic. Fat. 9, 19.—

With the access. idea of hindering free motion, to hold, keep, keep back, hinder, stay, restrain, stop, etc. (in a lit. sense in prose rare, but trop. very freq.).

Prop.:

cohibete intra limen etiam vos parumper,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 1:

nec muris cohibet patriis media Ardea Turnum,

Verg. A. 9, 738:

carcere ventos,

Ov. M. 14, 224:

ventos in antris,

id. ib. 15, 346: cervos arcu, to stop, poet. for to kill, Hor. C. 4, 6, 34:

nec Stygiā cohibebor undā,

id. ib. 2, 20, 8:

tempestatibus in portibus cohiberi, Auct. B. Afr. 98: cohiberi in vinculis,

Curt. 6, 2, 11:

Pirithoum cohibent catenae,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 80:

claustra cohibentia Janum,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 255:

ab aliquā re,

Liv. 22, 3, 9; Tac. A. 1, 56:

sanguis spongiā in aceto tinctā cohibendus est,

Cels. 8, 4; cf. Plin. 27, 11, 69, § 93:

alvum,

id. 29, 3, 11, § 49:

milites intra castra,

Curt. 10, 3, 6:

aquilones jugis montium,

id. 8, 9, 12.—

Trop.

Cohibere aliquid or cohibere se, to stop something (or one ' s self), to hold in check, to restrain, limit, confine, keep back, repress, tame, subdue (syn.:

contineo, refreno, arceo, coerceo): motus animi perturbatos,

Cic. Off. 2, 5, 18:

furentis impetus crudelissimosque conatus,

id. Phil. 3, 2, 5; cf.:

furorem alicujus,

id. ib. 5, 13, 37:

temeritatem,

id. Ac. 1, 12, 45:

gaudia clausa in sinu tacito,

Prop. 2 (3), 25, 30:

iras,

Verg. A. 12, 314:

pravas aliorum spes,

Tac. A. 3, 56:

ac premeret sensus suos,

id. ib. 3, 11:

bellum,

Liv. 9, 29, 5:

malum,

Tac. A. 6, 16:

sumptus,

Arn. 2, p. 91:

violentias effrenati doloris,

Gell. 12, 5, 3:

altitudinem aedificiorum,

Tac. A. 15, 43:

(provinciae) quae procuratoribus cohibentur,

i. e. are ruled, id. H. 1, 11: non tu te cohibes? be moderate in grief, * Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 46; so Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 4; Gell. 4, 9, 3.—

With quominus:

vix cohibuere amici, quominus eodem mari oppeteret,

Tac. A. 2, 24.— Pass.:

ne flumine quidem interjecto, cohiberi quominus, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 10.—

With inf., Calp. Ecl. 4, 20 (but in Cic. Tusc. 3, 25, 60; id. Caecin. 23, 66; Auct. B. G. 8, 23, prohibere is the true reading).—

Aliquid ab aliquā re or aliquo, to keep something from something (or somebody), to ward off:

manus ab alieno,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 12:

manus, oculos, animum ab auro gazāque regiā,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 23, 66:

effrenatas suas libidines a liberis et a conjugibus vestris,

id. Mil. 28, 76:

adsensionem a rebus incertis,

id. N. D. 1, 1, 1.—Hence, cŏhĭbĭtus, a, um, P. a., confined, limited, moderate:

dicendi genus,

Gell. 7, 14, 7.— Comp.:

habitudo cohibitior,

Aus. Grat. Act. 27, 2.

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.

In gen.:

quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,

Cels. 4, 1 fin.:

cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,

id. 7, 12, 1:

mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),

Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:

morsu guttura,

Luc. 4, 727:

nuces modio,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

naves,

to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:

oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,

Cels. 7, 4, 3:

comprehendunt utrumque et orant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31:

ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,

Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.

aures,

Tib. 2, 5, 92:

nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,

let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:

naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,

assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:

ignem,

to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;

and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,

Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:

opera flammā comprehensa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:

avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,

Ov. M. 9, 234:

loca vallo,

Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:

comprehensa aedificia,

Liv. 26, 27, 3.—

In partic.

To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:

aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:

tam capitalem hostem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

hominem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:

nefarios duces,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

Virginium,

Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:

praesidium Punicum,

id. 26, 14, 7:

hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:

in fugā,

id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:

comprehensus morbo,

Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:

comprehensi pestiferā lue,

id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:

aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —

Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—

To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:

fures,

Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,

Transf. to the crime:

nefandum adulterium,

to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:

res ejus indicio,

id. Clu. 16, 47.—

Of plants, to take root; of a graft:

cum comprehendit (surculus),

Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,

in gen.,

Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—

Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:

si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,

Cels. 5, 21 fin. —

Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:

ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,

Curt. 6, 6, 24. —

In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:

aliquid melle,

Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—

Of the range of a missile:

quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,

Sil. 4, 102.—

Of the reach of a surgical instrument:

si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,

Cels. 8, 3 init. —

Trop.

To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):

aliquid visu,

Sil. 3, 408;

and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,

Gell. 13, 30, 10.—

To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

omnes animo virtutes,

id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:

omnia animis et cogitatione,

id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:

aliquid mente,

id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:

aliquid memoriā,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,

id. ib. 1, 22, 50:

aliquid certis signis,

Col. 6, 24, 3:

aliquid experimentis assiduis,

Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:

esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,

Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:

virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,

id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—

To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:

breviter paucis comprendere multa,

Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:

breviter comprehensa sententia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:

comprehendam brevi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:

perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,

id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,

id. Att. 12, 21, 1:

ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,

id. Brut. 8, 34:

in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,

Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:

emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,

Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:

ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,

Cic. Brut. 5, 19:

aliquid dictis,

Ov. M. 13, 160:

quae si comprendere coner,

id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —

Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:

neque enim numero comprendere refert,

Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:

numerum quorum comprendere non est,

id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—

To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;

mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,

to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

adulescentem humanitate tuā,

id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:

quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,

id. Planc. 19. 47.—

To shut in, include (late Lat.):

spiritum in effigiem,

Lact. 4, 8, 9:

elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,

id. 2, 6, 1.

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.

In gen.:

quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,

Cels. 4, 1 fin.:

cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,

id. 7, 12, 1:

mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),

Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:

morsu guttura,

Luc. 4, 727:

nuces modio,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

naves,

to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:

oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,

Cels. 7, 4, 3:

comprehendunt utrumque et orant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31:

ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,

Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.

aures,

Tib. 2, 5, 92:

nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,

let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:

naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,

assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:

ignem,

to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;

and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,

Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:

opera flammā comprehensa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:

avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,

Ov. M. 9, 234:

loca vallo,

Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:

comprehensa aedificia,

Liv. 26, 27, 3.—

In partic.

To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:

aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:

tam capitalem hostem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

hominem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:

nefarios duces,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

Virginium,

Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:

praesidium Punicum,

id. 26, 14, 7:

hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:

in fugā,

id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:

comprehensus morbo,

Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:

comprehensi pestiferā lue,

id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:

aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —

Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—

To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:

fures,

Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,

Transf. to the crime:

nefandum adulterium,

to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:

res ejus indicio,

id. Clu. 16, 47.—

Of plants, to take root; of a graft:

cum comprehendit (surculus),

Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,

in gen.,

Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—

Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:

si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,

Cels. 5, 21 fin. —

Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:

ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,

Curt. 6, 6, 24. —

In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:

aliquid melle,

Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—

Of the range of a missile:

quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,

Sil. 4, 102.—

Of the reach of a surgical instrument:

si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,

Cels. 8, 3 init. —

Trop.

To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):

aliquid visu,

Sil. 3, 408;

and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,

Gell. 13, 30, 10.—

To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

omnes animo virtutes,

id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:

omnia animis et cogitatione,

id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:

aliquid mente,

id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:

aliquid memoriā,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,

id. ib. 1, 22, 50:

aliquid certis signis,

Col. 6, 24, 3:

aliquid experimentis assiduis,

Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:

esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,

Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:

virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,

id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—

To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:

breviter paucis comprendere multa,

Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:

breviter comprehensa sententia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:

comprehendam brevi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:

perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,

id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,

id. Att. 12, 21, 1:

ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,

id. Brut. 8, 34:

in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,

Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:

emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,

Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:

ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,

Cic. Brut. 5, 19:

aliquid dictis,

Ov. M. 13, 160:

quae si comprendere coner,

id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —

Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:

neque enim numero comprendere refert,

Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:

numerum quorum comprendere non est,

id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—

To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;

mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,

to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

adulescentem humanitate tuā,

id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:

quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,

id. Planc. 19. 47.—

To shut in, include (late Lat.):

spiritum in effigiem,

Lact. 4, 8, 9:

elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,

id. 2, 6, 1.

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.

In gen.:

quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,

Cels. 4, 1 fin.:

cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,

id. 7, 12, 1:

mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),

Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:

morsu guttura,

Luc. 4, 727:

nuces modio,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

naves,

to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:

oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,

Cels. 7, 4, 3:

comprehendunt utrumque et orant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31:

ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,

Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.

aures,

Tib. 2, 5, 92:

nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,

let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:

naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,

assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:

ignem,

to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;

and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,

Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:

opera flammā comprehensa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:

avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,

Ov. M. 9, 234:

loca vallo,

Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:

comprehensa aedificia,

Liv. 26, 27, 3.—

In partic.

To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:

aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:

tam capitalem hostem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

hominem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:

nefarios duces,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

Virginium,

Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:

praesidium Punicum,

id. 26, 14, 7:

hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:

in fugā,

id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:

comprehensus morbo,

Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:

comprehensi pestiferā lue,

id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:

aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —

Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—

To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:

fures,

Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,

Transf. to the crime:

nefandum adulterium,

to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:

res ejus indicio,

id. Clu. 16, 47.—

Of plants, to take root; of a graft:

cum comprehendit (surculus),

Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,

in gen.,

Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—

Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:

si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,

Cels. 5, 21 fin. —

Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:

ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,

Curt. 6, 6, 24. —

In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:

aliquid melle,

Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—

Of the range of a missile:

quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,

Sil. 4, 102.—

Of the reach of a surgical instrument:

si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,

Cels. 8, 3 init. —

Trop.

To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):

aliquid visu,

Sil. 3, 408;

and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,

Gell. 13, 30, 10.—

To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

omnes animo virtutes,

id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:

omnia animis et cogitatione,

id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:

aliquid mente,

id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:

aliquid memoriā,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,

id. ib. 1, 22, 50:

aliquid certis signis,

Col. 6, 24, 3:

aliquid experimentis assiduis,

Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:

esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,

Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:

virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,

id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—

To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:

breviter paucis comprendere multa,

Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:

breviter comprehensa sententia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:

comprehendam brevi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:

perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,

id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,

id. Att. 12, 21, 1:

ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,

id. Brut. 8, 34:

in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,

Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:

emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,

Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:

ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,

Cic. Brut. 5, 19:

aliquid dictis,

Ov. M. 13, 160:

quae si comprendere coner,

id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —

Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:

neque enim numero comprendere refert,

Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:

numerum quorum comprendere non est,

id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—

To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;

mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,

to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

adulescentem humanitate tuā,

id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:

quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,

id. Planc. 19. 47.—

To shut in, include (late Lat.):

spiritum in effigiem,

Lact. 4, 8, 9:

elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,

id. 2, 6, 1.

com-prĕhendo ( conp-; also com-prendo, very freq. in MSS. and edd.; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 21. In MSS. also comprae-hendo and compraendo, v. prehendo), di, sum, 3, v. a., to lay hold of something on all sides; to take or catch hold of, seize, grasp, apprehend; to comprehend, comprise (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.

In gen.:

quid (opus est) manibus, si nihil comprehendendum est?

Cic. N. D. 1, 33, 92:

(vulva) non multo major quam ut manu comprehendatur,

Cels. 4, 1 fin.:

cum (forfex) dentem comprehendere non possit,

id. 7, 12, 1:

mordicus manum eorum (elephantorum),

Plin. 9, 15, 17, § 46:

morsu guttura,

Luc. 4, 727:

nuces modio,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

naves,

to join one to another, fasten together, Liv. 30, 10, 5; cf.:

oras vulneris suturae comprehendunt,

Cels. 7, 4, 3:

comprehendunt utrumque et orant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31:

ter frustra comprensa manus effugit imago,

Verg. A. 2, 794; cf.

aures,

Tib. 2, 5, 92:

nisi quae validissima (ovis), non comprehendatur (sc. stabulis) hieme,

let none but the strongest be kept in the winter, Col. 7, 3, 15 Schneid.:

naves in flumine Vulturno comprehensae,

assembled together, put under an embargo, Liv. 26, 7, 9; so id. 29, 24, 9; Suet. Tib. 38; id. Calig. 39:

ignem,

to take, catch, Caes. B. G. 5, 43;

and in a reverse constr.: ignis robora comprendit,

Verg. G. 2, 305; cf.:

opera flammā comprehensa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 43; and:

avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,

Ov. M. 9, 234:

loca vallo,

Front. 2, 11, 7; and absol.:

comprehensa aedificia,

Liv. 26, 27, 3.—

In partic.

To attack, seize upon in a hostile manner, to seize, lay hold of, arrest, catch, apprehend:

aliquem pro moecho Comprehendere et constringere,

Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 23; 5, 1, 20:

tam capitalem hostem,

Cic. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

hominem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 4, § 14:

nefarios duces,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

Virginium,

Liv. 3, 48, 6; cf. id. 1, 41, 1:

praesidium Punicum,

id. 26, 14, 7:

hunc comprehenderant atque in vincula conjecerant,

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 5, 25:

in fugā,

id. ib. 5, 21.—Rarely of disease:

comprehensus morbo,

Just. 23, 2, 4; cf.:

comprehensi pestiferā lue,

id. 32, 3, 9.—Of places, to occupy, seize upon:

aliis comprehensis collibus munitiones perfecerunt,

Caes. B. C. 3, 46 fin. —

Of things, to intercept' -epistulas, Just. 20, 5, 12.—

To seize upon one, to apprehend him in any crime:

fures,

Cat. 62, 35.—With inf.: qui interesse concentibus interdictis fuerint comprehensi, Cod. Th. 16, 4, 5.—Hence,

Transf. to the crime:

nefandum adulterium,

to discover, detect it, Cic. Mil. 27, 72:

res ejus indicio,

id. Clu. 16, 47.—

Of plants, to take root; of a graft:

cum comprehendit (surculus),

Varr. R. R. 1, 40 fin.; so,

in gen.,

Col. 3, 5, 1; 5, 6, 18; Pall. Jan. 13, 5.—

Of women, to conceive, become pregnant, = concipere:

si mulier non comprehendit, etc.,

Cels. 5, 21 fin. —

Of a space, to contain, comprise, comprehend, include:

ut nuces integras, quas uno modio comprehendere possis,

Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 3:

circuitus ejus triginta et duo stadia comprehendit,

Curt. 6, 6, 24. —

In late medic. lang., of medicines, to combine:

aliquid melle,

Veg. Art. Vet. 6, 27, 1; Scrib. Comp. 88; 227 al.—

Of the range of a missile:

quantum impulsa valet comprehendere lancea nodo,

Sil. 4, 102.—

Of the reach of a surgical instrument:

si vitium in angusto est, quod comprehendere modiolus possit,

Cels. 8, 3 init. —

Trop.

To comprehend by the sense of sight, to perceive, observe, see (very rare):

aliquid visu,

Sil. 3, 408;

and without visu: comprehendere vix litterarum apices,

Gell. 13, 30, 10.—

To comprehend something intellectually, to receive into one's mind, to grasp, perceive, comprehend; with abl.: si quam opinionem jam mentibus vestris comprehendistis: si eam ratio convellet, si oratio labefactabit, etc., if any opinion has already taken root in your mind (the figure taken from the rooting of plants; v. supra, I. B. 3.), Cic. Clu. 2, 6:

omnes animo virtutes,

id. Balb. 1, 3; id. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

animo haec tenemus comprehensa, non sensibus,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 21 sq.:

omnia animis et cogitatione,

id. Fl. 27, 66; cf. id. de Or. 2, 31, 136:

aliquid mente,

id. N. D. 3, 8, 21:

aliquid memoriā,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

qualis animus sit vacans corpore, intellegere et cogitatione comprehendere,

id. ib. 1, 22, 50:

aliquid certis signis,

Col. 6, 24, 3:

aliquid experimentis assiduis,

Pall. 2, 13, 8.—Without abl.:

esse aliquid, quod conprehendi et percipi posset,

Cic. Ac. 2, 6, 17; 2, 6, 18:

virtutum cognitio confirmat percipi et conprehendi multa posse,

id. ib. 2, 8, 23; 1, 11, 42.—

To comprehend or include in words; to comprise in discourse or in writing, to express, describe, recount, narrate, etc.:

breviter paucis comprendere multa,

Lucr. 6, 1082; cf.:

breviter comprehensa sententia,

Cic. Fin. 2, 7, 20; Quint. 9, 3, 91:

comprehendam brevi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 34:

perinde ac si in hanc formulam omnia judicia conclusa et comprehensa sint,

id. Rosc. Com. 5, 15:

(Cato) verbis luculentioribus et pluribus rem eandem comprehenderat,

id. Att. 12, 21, 1:

ipsa natura circumscriptione quādam verborum comprehendit concluditque sententiam,

id. Brut. 8, 34:

in eā (terrā) enim et lapis et harena et cetera ejus generis sunt in nominando comprehensa,

Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 1:

emplastra quoque, quae supra comprehensa sunt,

Cels. 5, 27, 3; so absol.:

ad veterum rerum nostrarum memoriam comprehendendam impulsi sumus,

Cic. Brut. 5, 19:

aliquid dictis,

Ov. M. 13, 160:

quae si comprendere coner,

id. Tr. 5, 2, 27. —

Poet.: aliquid numero, to number, enumerate:

neque enim numero comprendere refert,

Verg. G. 2, 104; Ov. A. A. 2, 447; cf.:

numerum quorum comprendere non est,

id. Tr. 5, 11, 19.—

To comprehend any one in affection, to bind to one's self, to put under obligation, to embrace with kindness (rare;

mostly in Cic.): multos amicitiā, tueri obsequio, etc.,

to have many friends, Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

adulescentem humanitate tuā,

id. Fam. 13, 15, 3:

quod omnibus officiis per se, per patrem, per majores suos totam Atinatem praefecturam comprehenderit,

id. Planc. 19. 47.—

To shut in, include (late Lat.):

spiritum in effigiem,

Lact. 4, 8, 9:

elementorum figurae humanā specie comprehensae,

id. 2, 6, 1.

con-tĭnĕo, tĭnŭi, tentum, 2, v. a. and n. [teneo].

Act., to hold or keep together.

In gen. (rare).

Lit. (syn.:

coërceo, conjungo): contine quaeso caput,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 26:

quod omnem continet amplexu terram,

Lucr. 5, 319; cf.:

mundus omnia conplexu suo coërcet et continet,

Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

vitem levi nodo,

Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187:

magni refert primordia saepe cum quibus... contineantur,

Lucr. 1, 818; 1, 908; 2, 761;

2, 1008: pars oppidi, mari dijuncta angusto, ponte adjungitur et continetur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117.—

Of places, to bound, limit, enclose (very rare in act.):

reliquum spatium mons continet,

Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

Oceanus ponto qua continet orbem,

Tib. 4, 1, 147; but more freq. in pass., to be comprised, enclosed, surrounded, encompassed, environed by:

qui vicus altissimis montibus undique continetur,

Caes. B. G. 3, 1; so,

undique loci naturā Helvetii,

id. ib. 1, 2:

mare montibus angustis,

id. ib. 4, 23:

una pars Galliae Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum,

id. ib. 1, 1.—

Trop.:

omnes artes quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,

hang together, Cic. Arch. 1, 2.—Far more freq. in all periods and species of composition.,

With partic. access. ideas.

With the access. idea of firmness, quiet, permanence, etc., to hold or keep together, to keep, hold fast, preserve, retain (syn. servo).

Lit.:

(alvus) arcet et continet... quod recepit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

merces (opp. partiri),

id. Vatin. 5, 12; cf.

exercitum (opp. dividere),

Liv. 28, 2, 16:

arida continent odorem diutius,

Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—

Trop.:

nec ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides,

Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

Remos reliquosque Belgas in officio,

Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

in officio Dumnorigem,

id. ib. 5, 7:

te in exercitatione,

Cic. Fam. 7, 19 fin.:

te in tuis perenuibus studiis,

id. Brut. 97, 332:

ceteros in armis (plaga),

Liv. 9, 41, 15:

alicujus hospitio,

Nep. Lys. 1, 5.—

With the access. idea of hindering, preventing motion, to keep, keep still, detain, restrain, repress, enclose.

Lit.: milites [p. 449] sub pellibus, Caes. B. G. 3, 29; cf.:

pecudem sub tecto,

Col. 7, 10, 3:

exercitum castris,

Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 11; Liv. 31, 26, 6; 28, 9, 14 al.; cf.:

nostros in castris (tempestates),

Caes. B. G. 4, 34; 6, 36; and:

copias in castris,

id. B. C. 1, 66; 3, 30; Auct. B. Afr. 1; 7; Liv. 36, 17, 9:

Pompeium quam angustissime,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

aliquem limine,

Liv. 34, 1, 5:

ora frenis,

Phaedr. 3, 6, 7:

ventos carcere,

Ov. M. 11, 432:

animam in dicendo,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261 et saep.:

se ruri,

to stay, remain, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 17; cf.:

se domi,

Suet. Caes. 81:

suo se loco,

Caes. B. G. 4, 34:

oppido sese,

id. ib. 2, 30:

castris se continere,

id. B. C. 3, 37:

se vallo,

id. B. G. 5, 44:

se finibus Romanis,

Liv. 39, 17, 4; 34, 58, 3:

moenibus sese,

id. 42, 7, 4:

agrorum suorum terminis se,

id. 38, 40, 2:

se moenibus,

Ov. M. 13, 208:

sese intra silvas,

Caes. B. G. 2, 18:

suos intra munitionem,

id. ib. 5, 57;

5, 58: milites intra castrorum vallum,

id. B. C. 3, 76; Liv. 31, 34, 9;

Auct. B. Afr. 24: intra castra militem,

Tac. H. 4, 19:

praesidibus provinciarum propagavit imperium, ut a peritis et assuetis socii continerentur,

Suet. Aug. 23 et saep.:

an te auspicium commoratum est? an tempestas continet?

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 67.—

Trop., to hold back, detain, repress, hold in check, curb, check, stay, stop, tame, subdue, etc. (syn. cohibeo):

adpetitiones animi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22:

omnis cupiditates,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32:

modeste insolentiam suam,

id. Agr. 1, 6, 18:

risum,

id. Fin. 4, 25, 71 et saep.:

formido mortales omnes,

Lucr. 1, 151:

Etruriam non tam armis quam judiciorum terrore,

Liv. 29, 36, 10:

oppida magis metu quam fide,

id. 30, 20, 5; cf.:

quosdam continet metus,

Quint. 1, 3, 6:

solo metu,

id. 12, 7, 2 et saep.:

animum a consuetā libidine,

Sall. J. 15, 3:

temeritatem ab omni lapsu (with cohibere),

Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 45:

suos a proelio,

Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

manum juventus Metu deorum,

Hor. C. 1, 35, 37 al.:

se ab adsentiendo,

Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104; so,

se ab exemplis,

id. Fin. 2, 19, 62:

temperans, qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit,

id. Par. 3, 1, 21:

se male continet amens,

Ov. M. 4, 351:

male me, quin vera faterer, Continui,

id. ib. 7, 729:

nequeo continere quin loquar,

Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 28.—

Mid.: contineri, quin complectar, non queo,

restrain myself, refrain, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 128; cf.:

vix me contineo, quin, etc.,

Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20:

jam nequeo contineri,

Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 60; cf.:

vix contineor,

Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 9:

quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo optime,

keep it to myself, conceal it, id. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

ea quae continet, neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 47, 206:

dicta,

id. ib. 2, 55, 222.—

With the access. idea of containing, to comprise, contain, involve, comprehend something in itself (syn. complector):

(aqua gelum) quod continet in se, mittit,

Lucr. 6, 877; cf.:

ut omnia, quae aluntur et crescunt, contineant in se vim caloris,

Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23; so,

in se,

Quint. 1, 6, 31; 2, 10, 2:

Quattuor aeternus genitalia corpora mundus Continet,

Ov. M. 15, 240:

rem militarem,

Liv. 5, 52, 16:

panis innumeras paene continet medicinas,

Plin. 22, 25, 68, § 138:

(linea) centum continet (pedes),

Quint. 1, 10, 44:

Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent,

Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2:

paucas species (vox),

Quint. 11, 3, 18:

tales res, quales hic liber continet,

Cic. Or. 43, 148; Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 1:

narrationes, quae summam criminis contineant,

Quint. 4, 2, 10:

fabula stultorum regum et populorum continet aestus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

liber primus ea continebit, quae, etc., Quint. prooem. § 21: tertia epistula continebat, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 5.—With subj.-clause:

quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet,

Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Esp. freq.,

In pass.: contineri aliquā re, to be contained in something, be composed of, consist of or in, to rest upon, to be supported by, etc.:

terreno corpore,

Lucr. 1, 1085:

non venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (dii),

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis penitusque perspectis... rebus contineretur,

id. de Or. 1, 20, 92:

forma honestatis, quae tota quattuor his virtutibus... continetur,

id. Fin. 2, 15, 48:

versus paucis (pedibus) continetur,

Quint. 9, 4, 60: quae philosophorum libris continentur, id. prooem. § 11; cf. id. 5, 10, 111 et saep.: artes, quae conjecturā continentur et sunt opinabiles, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

foedere,

Liv. 41, 23, 9:

actu,

Quint. 2, 18, 5; 12, 9, 1; 3, 7, 28.—Rarely with in and abl.:

forum, in quo omnis aequitas continetur,

Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2; cf.:

quibus (legibus) in singulis civitatibus res publica continetur,

id. Off. 3, 5, 23.—

Neutr., to hold together in itself, to hang together (in the verb. finit. very rare; but freq. as P. a.; cf. also the deriv. continuus):

per hortum utroque commeatus continet,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 43.—Hence,

contĭnens, entis, P. a.

(Acc. to II.) Holding or hanging together (freq. and class.).

Bordering upon, neighboring, contiguous, lying near, adjacent (syn.: junctus, adjunctus, contiguus); constr. with dat., cum, or absol.

Prop.:

aër mari,

Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 117:

continentia atque adjuncta praedia huic fundo,

id. Caecin. 4, 11:

(mare) dissimile est proximo ei continenti,

id. Ac. 2, 33, 105 al.:

Cappadociae pars ea, quae cum Cilicià continens est,

id. Fam. 15, 2, 2:

(Morini) continentes silvas ac paludes habebant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 28; cf. so absol.:

parum locuples continente ripā,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 22; cf.:

pars eorum, qui propiores erant continenti litori,

Liv. 44, 28, 12.— Subst.: contĭnentĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. loca), adjoining places, the neighborhood:

Cherronesum et continentia usque Atho montem,

Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 215 al.:

urbis,

the suburbs, Dig. 50, 16, 147.—

Trop., in time, following, next:

continentibus diebus,

Caes. B. C. 3, 84;

and of other abstract things: motus sensui junctus et continens,

Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 26:

timori perpetuo ipsum malum continens fuit,

followed at its heels, Liv. 5, 39, 8.—

Holding together, cohering in itself, connected, continuous, uninterrupted.

Prop.:

continens agmen migrantium,

Liv. 1, 29, 4:

agmen,

id. 2, 50, 7; 8, 8, 13 al.:

ruinae,

id. 21, 8, 5; terra, the mainland, continent, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 100 P.; Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 274, 6; Nep. Them. 3, 2; and in the same sense far more freq. subst.: contĭnens, entis, f. (rarely masc., Curt. 4, 2, 1 Zumpt, dub.; abl. in e and i equally used;

v. the 4th and 5th books of Caes. B. G.),

Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 4, 28; 4, 31; 4, 36 bis et saep.; Nep. Milt. 7, 3; Liv. 35, 43, 4; Plin. 5, 31, 34, § 128; Suet Aug. 65; id. Tib. 40 et saep.—

Trop., in time, continual, consecutive, uninterrupted:

labor omnium dierum,

Caes. B. C. 3, 63; Liv. 42, 54, 3:

bella,

Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

imperium usque ad nos,

Liv. 7, 30, 8:

imber per noctem totam,

id. 23, 44, 6:

biduo,

Suet. Calig. 19:

febres sine intermissione,

Cels. 3, 5 fin.:

e continenti genere,

in continuous descent, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

spiritus,

id. de Or. 3, 57, 216 et saep.: ex continenti (sc. tempore), instantly, immediately, = continuo, statim, Just. 1, 9; so,

in continenti,

Dig. 44, 5, 1.—

(Acc. to I. B. 2. b.) That restrains his passions, continent, moderate, temperate, enkratês (rare, but in good prose):

continentior in vitā hominum quam in pecuniā,

Caes. B. C. 1, 23:

cum reges tam sint continentes, multo magis consularis esse oportere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1:

puer,

id. Att. 6, 6, 3:

Epaminondas,

Nep. Epam. 3, 2 al. — Sup., Cic. Par. 1, 1, 7; Suet. Aug. 71.—

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) In rhet., subst.: contĭnens, entis, n., that on which something rests or depends, the chief point, hinge:

causae,

Cic. Part. Or. 29, 103; id. Top. 25, 95:

intuendum videtur, quid sit quaestio, ratio, judicatio, continens, vel ut alii vocant, firmamentum,

Quint. 3, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. § 18 sqq.— Adv.: contĭnen-ter.

(Acc. to A. 2.)

In space, in unbroken succession, in a row. continenter sedetis, Cat. 37, 6.—More freq. and class.,

In time, continuously, without interruption:

totā nocte ierunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

jam amplius horis sex pugnaretur,

id. ib. 3, 5:

biduum lapidibus pluit,

Liv. 25, 7, 7:

usque ad ipsum negotium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 37:

ferri imagines,

id. N. D. 1, 39, 109.—

(Acc. to B.) Temperately, moderately (rare):

vivere,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106; in sup.:

vivere,

Aug. Ep. 199; id. Conf. 6, 12.—Hence also,

contentus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2. b.); medial., satisfying one's self with, contented, satisfied, content (freq. in all periods and species of composition); constr. in gen. with the abl.; more rarely absol.; after the Aug. per. very freq. with the inf.

With abl.: his versibus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 264, 3:

suis rebus,

Cic. Par. 6, 3, 51:

paucis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 16:

illā (sorte),

id. ib. 1, 1, 3:

viverem uti contentus eo quod mī ipse parasset,

id. ib. 1, 4, 108; cf. Suet. Aug. 82:

solā Dianā,

Verg. A. 11, 582.—

Absol.:

cum ipsum audires sine comparatione, non modo contentus esses, sed melius non quaereres,

Cic. Brut. 35, 134; so comp., Plaut. Poen. 2, 15.—

With inf.:

indagare,

Ov. M. 1, 461:

edidicisse,

id. ib. 2, 638:

retinere titulum provinciae,

Vell. 2, 49:

hostes sustinuisse,

id. 2, 112:

indicare,

Quint. 4, 2, 128:

ostendere,

id. 5, 10, 31:

id consequi, quod imiteris,

id. 10, 2, 7 et saep.— Adv.: contentē (ante-and post-class., and rare), in a restrained manner, closely:

arte contenteque habere aliquem,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63:

parce contenteque vivere,

Pacat. Pan. Theod. 13.

futtĭlis (less correctly fūtĭlis, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 204), e, adj. [fundo; cf. futis], that easily pours out.

Lit., only subst.: futtĭle, is, n., a water-vessel, broad above and pointed below, used at sacrifices to Vesta and Ceres, Don. Ter. And. 3, 5, 3; Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 19; Schol. Stat. Th. 8, 297; Schol. Hor. A. P. 231; Serv. Verg. A. 11, 339.—

Transf., in gen., that can not contain (very rare):

canes,

that void their excrement through fear, Phaedr. 4, 18, 33:

glacies,

brittle, Verg. A. 12, 740.—

Trop., untrustworthy, vain, worthless, futile (class.;

syn.: frivolus, vanus, levis): servon fortunas meas me commisisse futtili!

Ter. And. 3, 5, 3; cf.:

irrideamus haruspices: vanos, futtiles esse dicamus,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 36; and:

quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?

id. Fin. 3, 11, 38:

locutores (with leves et importuni),

Gell. 1, 15, 1:

auctor,

Verg. A. 11, 339:

competitores,

Gell. 4, 8, 4; Enn. ap. Non. 511, 6 (Trag. v. 349 Vahl.):

futtiles commenticiaeque sententiae,

Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18; cf.:

dicit quaedam futtilia et frivola,

Gell. 16, 12, 1:

opes ejus, quae futiles et conruptae sunt,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 41, 20 Dietsch:

alacritas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37:

laetitiae,

id. ib. 5, 6, 16:

et caducum tempus,

Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 14:

lingua,

Phaedr. 5, 2, 10:

de causa,

Plin. 33, 2, 8, § 32:

nec futilis ictus,

Sil. 15, 797.— Hence, adv., in vain, idly, uselessly (anteand post-class.).

Form futtĭle: factum futtile, Enn. ap. Non. 514, 14 (Trag. v. 350 Vahl.):

provenisti,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 73 Ritschl.—

Form futtĭlĭter:

blaterata,

App. Mag. p. 275:

futile futtiliter,

Non. 514, 13.

futtĭlis (less correctly fūtĭlis, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 204), e, adj. [fundo; cf. futis], that easily pours out.

Lit., only subst.: futtĭle, is, n., a water-vessel, broad above and pointed below, used at sacrifices to Vesta and Ceres, Don. Ter. And. 3, 5, 3; Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 19; Schol. Stat. Th. 8, 297; Schol. Hor. A. P. 231; Serv. Verg. A. 11, 339.—

Transf., in gen., that can not contain (very rare):

canes,

that void their excrement through fear, Phaedr. 4, 18, 33:

glacies,

brittle, Verg. A. 12, 740.—

Trop., untrustworthy, vain, worthless, futile (class.;

syn.: frivolus, vanus, levis): servon fortunas meas me commisisse futtili!

Ter. And. 3, 5, 3; cf.:

irrideamus haruspices: vanos, futtiles esse dicamus,

Cic. Div. 1, 19, 36; and:

quis non odit sordidos, vanos, leves, futtiles?

id. Fin. 3, 11, 38:

locutores (with leves et importuni),

Gell. 1, 15, 1:

auctor,

Verg. A. 11, 339:

competitores,

Gell. 4, 8, 4; Enn. ap. Non. 511, 6 (Trag. v. 349 Vahl.):

futtiles commenticiaeque sententiae,

Cic. N. D. 1, 8, 18; cf.:

dicit quaedam futtilia et frivola,

Gell. 16, 12, 1:

opes ejus, quae futiles et conruptae sunt,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 41, 20 Dietsch:

alacritas,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 17, 37:

laetitiae,

id. ib. 5, 6, 16:

et caducum tempus,

Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 14:

lingua,

Phaedr. 5, 2, 10:

de causa,

Plin. 33, 2, 8, § 32:

nec futilis ictus,

Sil. 15, 797.— Hence, adv., in vain, idly, uselessly (anteand post-class.).

Form futtĭle: factum futtile, Enn. ap. Non. 514, 14 (Trag. v. 350 Vahl.):

provenisti,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 73 Ritschl.—

Form futtĭlĭter:

blaterata,

App. Mag. p. 275:

futile futtiliter,

Non. 514, 13.

Gāĭus (less correctly Cāĭus;

trisyl.,

Cat. 10, 30; Mart. 9, 22, 12; 11, 36, 8); gen. Gāi (voc. Gāi, Mart. 10, 16, 1), m., and Gāĭa, ae, f. [for Gavius; from gaudeo], a Roman prœnomen, usu. written C.; v. the letter G. Gaia was written O, Quint. 1, 7, 28; Vel. Long. p. 2218; P. prol. p. 1502.— At marriage festivals it was customary to call the bridegroom and bride Gaius and Gaia, Fest. s. v. Gaia, p. 71; Quint. l. l.; Cic. Mur. 12 fin. —

In partic.

An eminent jurist who lived about A.D. 110-180, author of the Institutionum Commentarii IV., which contain a systematic summary of the Roman law of family relations, of private property, and of actions; and which for generations was a standard educational work on the subject. This work was known, however, to modern scholars only by the fragments preserved in the Pandects, etc., until in 1816 Niebuhr discovered in the Chapter House of Verona a nearly complete MS. of the original work of Gaius, over which works of St. Jerome had been written. Teuffel, Gesch. d. Röm. Lit. p. 812 sqq.—

In post-Aug. historians, esp., the emperor Gaius Caligula; hence, Gāiānus or Cāiānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Caligula:

custodia,

Sen. Tranq. 11:

clades,

id. ib. 14 fin.:

expeditiones,

Tac. 4, 15:

nex,

Suet. Tit. 1:

as (because lowered in value by him),

Stat. Sil. 4, 9, 22.

Gāĭus (less correctly Cāĭus;

trisyl.,

Cat. 10, 30; Mart. 9, 22, 12; 11, 36, 8); gen. Gāi (voc. Gāi, Mart. 10, 16, 1), m., and Gāĭa, ae, f. [for Gavius; from gaudeo], a Roman prœnomen, usu. written C.; v. the letter G. Gaia was written O, Quint. 1, 7, 28; Vel. Long. p. 2218; P. prol. p. 1502.— At marriage festivals it was customary to call the bridegroom and bride Gaius and Gaia, Fest. s. v. Gaia, p. 71; Quint. l. l.; Cic. Mur. 12 fin. —

In partic.

An eminent jurist who lived about A.D. 110-180, author of the Institutionum Commentarii IV., which contain a systematic summary of the Roman law of family relations, of private property, and of actions; and which for generations was a standard educational work on the subject. This work was known, however, to modern scholars only by the fragments preserved in the Pandects, etc., until in 1816 Niebuhr discovered in the Chapter House of Verona a nearly complete MS. of the original work of Gaius, over which works of St. Jerome had been written. Teuffel, Gesch. d. Röm. Lit. p. 812 sqq.—

In post-Aug. historians, esp., the emperor Gaius Caligula; hence, Gāiānus or Cāiānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Caligula:

custodia,

Sen. Tranq. 11:

clades,

id. ib. 14 fin.:

expeditiones,

Tac. 4, 15:

nex,

Suet. Tit. 1:

as (because lowered in value by him),

Stat. Sil. 4, 9, 22.

Gāĭus (less correctly Cāĭus;

trisyl.,

Cat. 10, 30; Mart. 9, 22, 12; 11, 36, 8); gen. Gāi (voc. Gāi, Mart. 10, 16, 1), m., and Gāĭa, ae, f. [for Gavius; from gaudeo], a Roman prœnomen, usu. written C.; v. the letter G. Gaia was written O, Quint. 1, 7, 28; Vel. Long. p. 2218; P. prol. p. 1502.— At marriage festivals it was customary to call the bridegroom and bride Gaius and Gaia, Fest. s. v. Gaia, p. 71; Quint. l. l.; Cic. Mur. 12 fin. —

In partic.

An eminent jurist who lived about A.D. 110-180, author of the Institutionum Commentarii IV., which contain a systematic summary of the Roman law of family relations, of private property, and of actions; and which for generations was a standard educational work on the subject. This work was known, however, to modern scholars only by the fragments preserved in the Pandects, etc., until in 1816 Niebuhr discovered in the Chapter House of Verona a nearly complete MS. of the original work of Gaius, over which works of St. Jerome had been written. Teuffel, Gesch. d. Röm. Lit. p. 812 sqq.—

In post-Aug. historians, esp., the emperor Gaius Caligula; hence, Gāiānus or Cāiānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Caligula:

custodia,

Sen. Tranq. 11:

clades,

id. ib. 14 fin.:

expeditiones,

Tac. 4, 15:

nex,

Suet. Tit. 1:

as (because lowered in value by him),

Stat. Sil. 4, 9, 22.

hăbĕo, ui, itum, 2 (archaic perf. subj. habessit, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; inf. haberier, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 111), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. Gr. kôpê, handle; Lat. capio; Germ. haben, Haft; Engl. have], to have, in the widest sense of the word, to hold, keep, possess, cherish, entertain, occupy, enclose, contain (cf.: teneo, possideo, etc.).

In gen.

Of personal subjects.

With persons or things as objects: SI INTESTATO MORITVR, CVI SVVS HERES NEC SIT, AGNATVS PROXIMVS FAMILIAM HABETO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Ulp. Fragm. 26, 1: ex tui animi sententia tu uxorem habes? Cato ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 260; cf.:

aliquam habere in matrimonio, Cic. Scaur. § 8: ipsum ex Helvetiis uxorem habere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 6:

si et prudentes homines et non veteres reges habere voluerunt,

Cic. Rep. 1, 37 fin.:

quae cum patrem clarissimum, amplissimos patruos, ornatissimum fratrem haberet,

id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:

cum ille haberet filium delicatiorem,

id. de Or. 2, 64, 257:

quod non ingenuous habeat clarosque parentes,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 91:

habebat saepe ducentos, saepe decem servos,

id. ib. 1, 3, 11:

fundum habere, Cic. Tull. § 14: cur pecuniam non habeat mulier?

id. Rep. 3, 10:

tantas divitias habet,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 99; so,

aurum,

id. ib. 2, 3, 35; and:

vectigalia magna Divitiasque,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 101:

tantum opum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 48:

classes,

id. Phil. 9, 2, 4:

naves,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 104:

denique sit finis quaerendi, cumque habeas plus, Pauperiem metuas minus,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 92:

tacitus pasci si posset corvus, haberet Plus dapis,

id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:

Dionysii equus quid attulit admirationis, quod habuit apes in juba?

Cic. Div. 2, 31, 67: faenum habet in cornu;

longe fuge,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 34:

leges in monumentis habere,

Cic. Rep. 2, 14:

hostis habet muros,

Verg. A. 2, 290:

hostis habet portus,

Val. Fl. 3, 45 al.:

quam vellem Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 10:

Ciceronem secum,

id. Att. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

ea legione, quam secum habebat,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 1:

secum senatorem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 77; cf.

also: magnum numerum equitatus circum se,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 5:

haec si habeat aurum, quod illi renumeret, faciat lubens,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12; cf.:

quid non habuisti quod dares? Habuisse se dicet, Cic. Scaur. § 19: quod non desit, habentem,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 52:

qui in foro turbaque, quicum colloqui libeat, non habeant,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17.—

With abstr. objects: quid illos, bono genere gnatos, opinanimi animi habuisse atque habituros dum vivent? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:

quod uno et eodem temporis puncto nati dissimiles et naturas et vitas et casus habent,

Cic. Div. 2, 45, 95:

febrim,

id. Fam. 7, 26, 1:

instrumenta animi,

id. Rep. 3, 3:

nec vero habere virtutem satis est, quasi artem aliquam, nisi utare,

id. ib. 1, 2:

in populos perpetuam potestatem,

id. ib. 2, 27; cf.:

in populum vitae necisque potestatem,

id. ib. 3, 14; so,

potestatem,

id. ib. 2, 29; 32;

36: eo plus auctoritatis,

id. ib. 3, 16:

ornamenta dicendi,

id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:

summam prudentiam summamque vim dicendi,

id. ib. 1, 20, 89:

Q. Lucilius Balbus tantos progressus habebat in Stoicis, ut, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 6, 15:

neque quem usum belli haberent aut quibus institutis uterentur, reperiri poterat,

Caes. B. G. 4, 20 fin.:

nonnullam invidiam ex eo, quod, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 283: nimiam spem, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:

spem in fide alicujus,

Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 71; cf.:

tantum spei ad vivendum,

id. Att. 15, 20, 2; id. N. D. 3, 6, 14; cf.

also: summam spem de aliquo,

id. Lael. 3, 11:

odium in equestrem ordinem,

id. Clu. 55, 151:

metum,

Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 6: consolationem [p. 834] semper in ore atque in animo, Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 56 Mull.:

rogavi, ut diceret, quid haberet in animo,

Cic. Att. 8, 10:

neque modum neque modestiam victores habere,

observe no bounds, Sall. C. 11, 4;

v. modus: haec habebam fere, quae te scire vellem,

Cic. Att. 1, 6; cf.:

haec habui de amicitia quae dicerem,

this is what I had to say, id. Lael. 27 fin.: fidem, gratiam, honorem, rationem; v. these nouns.—In a play on the word lumen: Arge, jaces; quodque in tot lumina lumen habebas Exstinctum est, the light for so many lights ( eyes), Ov. M. 1, 720.—

With inf. (analog. to the Gr. echô), to have something to do, be able to do something:

habeo etiam dicere quem contra morem majorum dejecerit, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,

id. Att. 2, 22, 6.—So with inf. or with the part. fut. pass. (ante-class. and post-Aug.), to have or be obliged to do something, I must do something:

rogas, ut id mihi habeam curare,

Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:

filius hominis, quod carne indui haberet in terra,

Lact. 4, 12, 15:

habemus humiliare eum in signo,

id. 4, 18, 22:

quod plurimae haereses haberent existere,

id. 4, 30, 2:

etiam Filius Dei mori habuit,

Tert. Hab. Mul. 1:

si inimicos jubemur diligere, quem habemus odisse?

id. Apol. 37:

de spatiis ordinum eatenus praecipiendum habemus, ut intelligant agricolae, etc.,

Col. 5, 5, 3:

praesertim cum enitendum haberemus, ut, etc.,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 12:

si nunc primum statuendum haberemus,

Tac. A. 14, 44:

cum respondendum haberent,

id. Or. 36.—

Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:

prima classis LXXXVIII. centurias habeat,

Cic. Rep. 2, 22:

locus ille nihil habet religionis,

id. Leg. 2, 22, 57:

humani animi eam partem, quae sensum habeat,

id. Div. 1, 32, 70:

animus incorruptus agit atque habet cuncta, neque ipse habetur,

Sall. J. 2, 3:

divinus animus mortale nihil habuit, Cic. Scaur. § 50: habet statum res publica de tribus secundarium,

id. Rep. 1, 42; cf.:

nullum est genus illarum rerum publicarum, quod non habeat iter ad finitimum quoddam malum,

id. ib. 1, 28:

ipsa aequabilitas est iniqua, cum habeat nullos gradus dignitatis,

id. ib. 1, 27:

nulla alia in civitate...ullum domicilium libertas habet,

id. ib. 1, 31:

nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,

id. ib. 1, 4; cf.:

viri excellentis ancipites variique casus habent admirationem,

id. Fam. 5, 12, 5:

habet etiam amoenitas ipsa illecebras multas cupiditatum,

id. Rep. 2, 4:

quid habet illius carminis simile haec oratio?

id. ib. 1, 36:

magnam habet vim disciplina verecundiae,

id. ib. 4, 6 et saep.:

quomodo habere dicimur febrem, cum illa nos habeat,

Sen. Ep. 119 med.; cf.:

animalia somnus habebat,

Verg. A. 3, 147; Ov. M. 7, 329:

me somno gravatum Infelix habuit thalamus,

Verg. A. 6, 521; cf.:

non me impia namque Tartara habent,

id. ib. 5, 734:

habentque Tartara Panthoiden,

Hor. C. 1, 28, 9:

qui (metus) major absentes habet,

id. Epod. 1, 18; Sen. Const. Sap. 7:

et habet mortalia casus,

Luc. 2, 13:

terror habet vates,

Stat. Th. 3, 549.

In partic.

Pregn., to have or possess property (mostly absol.):

miserum istuc verbum et pessumum'st, habuisse et nihil habere,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 34; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 10: qui habet, ultro appetitur: qui est pauper, aspernatur, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.:

habet idem in nummis, habet idem in urbanis praediis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 199; so,

in nummis,

id. Att. 8, 10:

in Salentinis aut in Brutiis,

i. e. to have possessions, id. Rosc. Am. 46, 132; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45: nos quod simus, quod habeamus, etc., Curius ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 1:

et belli rabies et amor successit habendi,

Verg. A. 8, 327; cf.:

amore senescit habendi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 85; Phaedr. 3 prol. 21; Juv. 14, 207: quid habentibus auri nunquam exstincta sitis? Sil. 5, 264; so, habentes = hoi echontes, the wealthy, Lact. 5, 8, 7. —

With an object - or relative-clause, to have the means, ability, or knowledge, i. e. to be in a condition, to be able, to know how to do or say any thing.

With an objectclause:

de Alexandrina re tantum habeo polliceri, me tibi cumulate satisfacturum,

Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 3:

de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,

id. Att. 2, 22, 6:

haec fere dicere habui de natura deorum,

this is the substance of what I had to say, id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; cf.:

quid habes igitur dicere de Gaditano foedere?

id. Balb. 14, 33:

habeo etiam dicere, quem de ponte in Tiberim dejecerit,

id. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:

illud affirmare pro certo habeo, etc.,

Liv. 44, 22, 4:

sic placet, an melius quis habet suadere?

Hor. Epod. 16, 23.—

With a relat.-clause (usually with a negative: non habeo, quid faciam;

or: nihil habeo, quod faciam, dicam, etc.): de quibus habeo ipse, quid sentiam: non habeo autem, quid tibi assentiar,

Cic. N. D. 3, 25, 64:

de pueris quid agam, non habeo,

id. Att. 7, 19:

usque eo quid arguas non habes,

id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45:

quid huic responderet, non habebat,

id. Mur. 12, 26:

nec quid faceret habebat,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

qui, quo se reciperent, non haberent,

Caes. B. G. 4, 38, 2:

nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam,

Cic. Att. 7, 19:

nil habeo, quod agam,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 19; and:

nihil habeo, quod cum amicitia Scipionis possim comparare,

Cic. Lael. 27, 103.—

To have in use, make use of, use (very rare, for the usual uti, opp. abuti):

anulus in digito subter tenuatur habendo,

i. e. by use, by wearing, Lucr. 1, 312; cf.:

aera nitent usu: vestis bona quaerit haberi,

Ov. Am. 1, 8, 51:

quippe quas (divitias) honeste habere licebat, abuti per turpitudinem properabant,

Sall. C. 13, 2 Kritz; cf.:

magnae opes innocenter paratae et modeste habitae,

Tac. A. 4, 44.—Hence,

To hold, use, wield, handle, manage:

nec inmensa barbarorum scuta, enormis hastas, inter truncos arborum perinde haberi quam pila,

Tac. A. 2, 14.— Trop.:

quo modo rem publicam habuerint (majores), disserere,

Sall. C. 5, 9; cf.:

reipublicae partes,

Tac. A. 4, 6 init. —

To hold or keep a person or thing in any condition; to have, hold, or regard in any light:

aliquem in obsidione,

Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 3:

aliquem in liberis custodiis,

Sall. C. 47, 3; so,

aliquem in custodiis,

id. ib. 52, 14:

aliquem in vinculis,

id. ib. 51 fin.;

for which also: in custodiam habitus,

i. e. put into prison and kept there, Liv. 22, 25; Tac. H. 1, 87; cf.:

quo facilius omne Hadriaticum mare in potestatem haberet,

Caes. B. C. 1, 25 Oud. N. cr. (al. in potestate):

cum talem virum in potestatem habuisset,

Sall. J. 112 fin. Kritz N. cr.:

quae res eos in magno diuturnoque bello inter se habuit,

id. ib. 79, 3:

alios in ea fortuna haberent, ut socii esse quam cives mallent,

Liv. 26, 24:

aegros in tenebris,

Cels. 3, 18:

aquam caelestem sub dio in sole,

Col. 12, 12, 1:

in otio militem,

Liv. 39, 2, 6; cf.:

legiones habebantur per otium,

Tac. H. 1, 31:

externa sine cura habebantur,

id. A. 1, 79 init.:

exercitus sine imperio et modestia habitus,

Sall. J. 44, 1:

quos ille postea magno in honore habuit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 77, 2;

for which: quos praecipuo semper honore Caesar habuit,

id. B. G. 5, 54, 4:

habeo Junium (mensem) et Quintilem in metu,

i. e. I fear, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14.— So with an adj. or a perf. part., to denote a lasting condition:

ita me mea forma habet sollicitum,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 95 Lorenz; id. Men. 4, 2, 12; 21:

miserrimum ego hunc habebo amasium,

id. Cas. 3, 3, 27 al.:

laetum Germanicum,

Tac. A. 2, 57; 65:

sollicitum habebat cogitatio,

Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1; 2, 16, 2.—Hence,

With a double object, esp. freq. with the part. perf. pass., to have, hold, or possess a person or thing in any quality or capacity, as any thing; to have, hold, or possess an action as completed, finished (a pregn. circumlocution for the perf.):

cum haberet collegam in praetura Sophoclem,

Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93:

an heredem habuerit eum, a quo, etc.,

id. 7, 2, 37:

istaec illum perdidit assentatio, nam absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8:

cur ergo unus tu Apollonidenses miseriores habes quam pater tuus habuit umquam?

Cic. Fl. 29, 71:

obvium habuerunt patrem,

Quint. 7, 1, 29:

reliquas civitates stipendiarias,

Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3:

quod (cognomen) habes hereditarium,

Cic. Rep. 6, 11:

quae habuit venalia,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 1:

qui auro habeat soccis suppactum solum,

Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 98:

me segregatum habuisse, uxorem ut duxit, a me Pamphilum,

have kept him away, aloof, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 25; cf.:

inclusum in curia senatum habuerunt,

Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8:

(Romulus) habuit plebem in clientelas principum descriptam,

id. Rep. 2, 9: satis mihi videbar habere cognitum Scaevolam ex iis rebus, quas, etc., id. Brut. 40, 147; cf.:

si nondum eum satis habes cognitum,

id. Fam. 13, 17, 3; ib. 15, 20 fin.: fidem spectatam jam et diu cognitam, id. Div. ap. Caecil. 4, 11:

decumas ad aquam deportatas,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36:

domitas habere libidines,

id. de Or. 1, 43, 194:

omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,

id. Or. 33, 118; id. Rep. 2, 6:

innumerabilia, quae collecta habent Stoici,

id. Div. 2, 70, 145: quantum in acie tironi sit committendum, nimium saepe expertum habemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 3:

quare velim ita statutum habeas, me, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1: habeo absolutum suave epos ad Caesarem, id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 6:

in adversariis scriptum habere (nomen),

id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:

de Caesare satis dictum habebo,

id. Phil. 5, 19, 52:

bellum habere susceptum,

id. Agr. 2, 6, 14:

quam (domum) tu iam dimensam et exaedificatam animo habebas,

id. Att. 1, 6, 1:

ut omnes labores, pericula consueta habeam,

Sall. J. 85, 7:

compertum ego habeo,

id. Cat. 58, 1; cf. Nep. Att. 17 fin.; 18, 1: neque ea res falsum ( part. perf. pass.) me habuit, Sall. J. 10, 1 al. From this use is derived the compound perf. of the Romance languages: ho veduto, j'ai vu, qs. habeo visum, I have seen).—

Also, with a double object, to make, render:

praecipit ut dent operam, uti eos quam maxime manifestos habeant,

Sall. C. 41, 5:

qui pascua publica infesta habuerant,

Liv. 39, 29, 9; 34, 36, 3:

necdum omnia edita facinora habent,

id. 39, 16, 3; 31, 42, 1:

anxium me et inquietum habet petitio Sexti,

Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 1:

sed Pompeium gratia impunitum habuit,

kept, Vell. 2, 1, 5.—

Hence:

in aliquo (aliqua re), aliquem (aliquid) habere (rare): ea si fecissem, in vestra amicitia exercitum, divitias, munimenta regni me habiturum,

Sall. J. 14, 1:

in vobis liberos, parentes, consanguineos habeo,

Curt. 6, 9, 12:

majora in eo obsequia habiturus,

Just. 8, 6, 6; cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 5.—

To have or hold a person in any manner, to treat, use:

is, uti tu me hic habueris, proinde illum illic curaverit,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 64:

equitatu agmen adversariorum male habere et carpere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 63, 2; cf. Cels. 3, 20; 3, 21:

exercitum luxuriose nimisque liberaliter habere,

Sall. C. 11, 5 Kritz; cf.:

eos ille non pro vanis hostibus, ut meriti erant, sed accurate et liberaliter habuit,

id. J. 103, 5; 113, 2:

Fabiis plurimi (saucii) dati, nec alibi majore cura habiti,

Liv. 2, 47, 12; 29, 8, 6; 37, 34, 5:

video quam molliter tuos habeas,

Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 1:

militant vobiscum, qui superbe habiti rebellassent,

Curt. 8, 8, 11:

virgines tam sancte habuit,

id. 3, 12, 21; 4, 10, 33:

male habere aliquem,

Nep. Eum. 12, 1:

neque conjugem et filium ejus hostiliter haberi,

Tac. A. 2, 10.—

With se, and sometimes mid. or neut., to hold or keep himself or itself in a certain manner, i. e. to be constituted or situated, to find one's self, to be, in any manner.

Habere se:

Tironem Patris aegrum reliqui...et quamquam videbatur se non graviter habere, tamen sum sollicitus, etc.,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3:

praeclare te habes, cum, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149:

ipsi se hoc melius habent quam nos, quod, etc.,

id. Att. 11, 7, 4:

Bene habemus nos,

id. ib. 2, 8, 1:

ego me bene habeo,

am well, Tac. A. 14, 51: praeclare se res habeat ( is well), si, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:

male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id tentatur pecunia,

id. Off. 2, 6, 22; cf. id. de Or. 2, 77, 313:

quae cum ita se res haberet, tamen, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 124; cf.:

ita se res habet, ut ego, etc.,

id. Quint. 1, 2:

sic profecto res se habet,

id. de Or. 2, 67, 271:

scire aveo, quomodo res se habeat,

id. Att. 13, 35, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 32, 140:

ut se tota res habeat,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 15; cf.:

ut meae res sese habent,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 1.—

Mid.:

virtus clara aeternaque habetur,

exhibits itself, is, continues, Sall. C. 1, 4:

sicuti pleraque mortalium habentur,

as for the most part happens in human affairs, id. ib. 6, 3.—

Neutr. (as also the Gr echô): Tullia nostra recte valet: Terentia minus belle habuit, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:

volui animum tandem confirmare hodie meum, Ut bene haberem filiae nuptiis,

I might enjoy myself, Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 2: qui bene habet suisque amicis est volup, id. [p. 835] Mil. 3, 1, 130:

bene habent tibi principia,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 82:

bene habet: jacta sunt fundamenta defensionis,

it is well, Cic. Mur. 6, 14; Liv. 8, 6:

magnum narras, vix credibile! atqui sic habet,

so it is, it is even so, Hor. S. 1, 9, 53: illasce sues sanas esse habereque recte licere spondesne? Formula emendi, ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 5; 2, 3, 5.—

To hold, account, esteem, consider, regard a person or thing in any manner or as any thing; to think or believe a person or thing to be so or so:

aliquem fidelem sibi habere,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 87:

deos aeternos et beatos,

Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45:

id habent hodie vile et semper habuerunt,

id. Balb. 22, 51:

maximam illam voluptatem habemus, quae, etc.,

id. Fin. 1, 11, 37:

eum nos ut perveterem habemus... nec vero habeo quemquam antiquiorem,

id. Brut. 15, 61:

Ut et rex et pater habereter omnium,

id. Rep. 1, 36; 2, 21:

parentem Asiae et dici et haberi,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10 fin.:

eos dicit esse habitos deos, a quibus, etc.,

id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:

cum esset habendus rex, quicumque genere regio natus esset,

id. Rep. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 12 fin.: non habeo nauci Marsum augurem, Poet. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132:

cujus auctoritas in iis regionibus magni habebatur,

Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 7:

nihil pensi habere,

Quint. 11, 1, 29; cf.

also: an perinde habenda sit haec atque illa,

id. 7, 3, 11:

sese illum non pro amico, sed pro hoste habiturum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19; so,

aliquem pro hoste,

Liv. 2, 20; Curt. 6, 2 al.:

nisi in provincia relictas rationes pro relatis haberem,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2:

licet omnia Italica pro Romanis habeam,

Quint. 1, 5, 56; 12, 10, 73:

istuc jam pro facto habeo,

Cic. Att. 13, 1, 2:

Pompeium pro certo habemus per Illyricum proficisci in Galliam,

to consider as certain, id. ib. 10, 6 fin.:

id obliviscendum, pro non dicto habendum,

Liv. 23, 22, 9:

hoc velim in maximis rebus et maxime necessariis habeas,

Cic. Att. 5, 5 fin.:

aliquem in deorum numero,

id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:

aliquem in hostium numero,

Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 1:

aliquem suorum In numero,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 41;

for which also: hostium numero haberi,

Cic. Att. 11, 6, 6:

numero impiorum ac sceleratorum haberi,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 7; cf. also Quint. 3, 7, 2:

quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare,

Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:

mutare nefas habent,

Quint. 12, 8, 6:

nec tamen est habendum religioni, nocentem aliquando defendere,

to scruple, make a conscience of, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51; cf.:

nec eam rem habuit religioni,

id. Div. 1, 35, 77:

quando tu me bene merentem tibi habes despicatui,

you despise, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 19:

non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,

Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11.—Hence: sic habeto, or sic habeas aliquid, or with an object-clause, hold or judge thus, be convinced or persuaded, believe, know:

sed hoc nihil ad te: illud velim sic habeas, uod intelliges, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2:

unum hoc sic habeto: si, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 6 fin.:

sic habeto: omnibus, etc.,

id. Rep. 6, 13:

enitere et sic habeto, non esse te mortalem, sed corpus hoc,

id. ib. 6, 24; so with an object-clause, id. Fam. 2, 10, 1; 16, 4, 4.—Without sic:

id primum ergo habeto, non sine magna causa, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 2:

tantum habeto, civem egregium esse Pompeium, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 8, 2.—

To take, accept, bear, submit to, endure:

neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur: multi eas gravius aequo habuere,

Sall. C. 51, 11:

egestas facile habetur sine damno,

id. ib. 6, 37:

quae in praesens Tiberius civiliter habuit, sed, etc.,

Tac. A. 4, 21:

neque tantum maleficium impune habendum,

id. ib. 3, 70;

12, 48: nec ita aegre habuit filium id pro parente ausum,

Liv. 7, 5, 7 Weissenb.—

To hold, have possession of, occupy, a place:

urbem Romam condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,

Sall. C. 6, 1:

qui mortales initio Africam habuerint,

id. J. 17, 7; 18, 1; cf.

Siciliam et Sardiniam per legatos habuit,

rule, administer, Flor. 4, 2, 22:

urbem Romanam a principio reges habuere,

Tac. A. 1, 1:

Hispaniae tribus legionibus habebantur,

id. ib. 4, 5; 12, 54.—

More freq. neutr., to dwell, live anywhere (perh. only ante-class.; in good prose habito is used instead): quae Corinthum arcem altam habetis, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.):

ille geminus qui Syracusis habet,

Plaut. Men. prol. 69: quis istic habet? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 6:

ubi nunc adulescens habet?

id. Trin. 1, 2, 156:

apud aedem Junonis Lucinae, ubi aeditumus habere solet,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 50 Mull.; cf.:

situm formamque et universorum castrorum et partium, qua Poeni, qua Numidae haberent...specularentur,

Liv. 30, 4, 2 (but v. Weissenb. ad loc.).—

To spend, pass (time, etc.):

aetatem procul a republica,

Sall. C. 4, 1:

vitam,

id. ib. 51, 12 al.—

To have in one's mind, to know, be acquainted with:

siquidem istius regis (Anci) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem,

Cic. Rep. 2, 18 fin.: habes consilia nostra;

nunc cognosce de Bruto,

there you have, such are, id. Att. 5, 21, 10:

habetis igitur primum ortum tyranni,

id. Rep. 2, 27:

habetis sermonem bene longum hominis,

id. de Or. 2, 88, 361; cf.

also: habes nostras sententias,

Suet. Claud. 4:

habes, quae fortissime de beata vita dici putem,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 28 fin.; cf. id. de Or. 2, 71, 291. —

To have as a habit, peculiarity, or characteristic:

habebat hoc omnino Caesar: quem plane perditum aere alieno egentemque cognorat, hunc in familiaritatem libentissime recipiebat,

Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 78; id. Pis. 32, 81.—

To hold, to make, do, perform, prepare, utter, pronounce, produce, cause:

alium quaerebam, iter hac habui,

made, directed, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 35; cf.:

ex urbe profectus iter ad legiones habebat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 3; so,

iter,

id. ib. 1, 51, 1; 3, 11, 2; 3, 106, 1; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2:

vias,

Luc. 2, 439:

C. Cato contionatus est, comitia haberi non siturum, si, etc.,

to be held, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 6:

senatum,

id. ib. 2, 13, 3; id. Fam. 1, 4, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 1:

concilia,

id. B. G. 5, 53, 4:

contionem,

Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6:

censum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:

delectum (militum),

id. Phil. 5, 12, 31; id. Fam. 15, 1 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 1;

v. delectus: ludos,

Suet. Rhet. 1:

sermonem,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; cf.:

orationem,

to deliver, id. Rep. 1, 46:

multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,

id. ib. 6, 9 fin.:

disputationem,

id. ib. 1, 7; Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 1:

dialogum,

Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1:

verba,

id. de Or. 2, 47, 190:

querelam de aliquo apud aliquem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 1, § 2:

controversiam de fundo cum aliquo,

id. Fam. 13, 69, 2 et saep.:

deinde adventus in Syriam primus equitatus habuit interitum,

caused, occasioned, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9; cf. id. Div. 2, 46, 96:

latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, quae extra fines cujusque civitatis fiunt,

Caes. B. G. 6, 23, 6.—

Habere in animo (or simply animo), with an objectclause, to have in mind, to intend, to be disposed, inclined to do any thing (=propositum habere, constituisse, decrevisse):

istum exheredare in animo habebat,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 52; id. Att. 1, 17, 11:

hoc (flumen) neque ipse transire in animo habebat neque hostes transituros existimabat,

Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 5:

neque bello eum invadere animo habuit,

Liv. 44, 25, 1 dub (al. in animo), v. Drak. ad h. l.—

Habere sibi or secum aliquid, to keep to one's self (lit. and trop.):

clamare coeperunt, sibi ut haberet hereditatem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 47:

per vindicationem his verbis legamus: DO LEGO, CAPITO, SUMITO, SIBI HABETO,

Ulp. Fragm. 24, 3; cf. ib. § 5; Gai. Inst. 2, 209.—So the formula used in divorces:

res tuas tibi habeas or habe,

Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 47; Sen. Suas. 1, § 7:

illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim tabulis,

Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69. —Comic. transf.:

apage sis amor: tuas tibi res habeto,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 32.— Trop.:

secreto hoc audi, tecum habeto, ne Apellae quidem liberto tuo dixeris,

Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:

verum haec tu tecum habeto,

id. Att. 4, 15, 6.—

Of a sweetheart, to have, to possess, enjoy:

postquam nos Amaryllis habet, Galatea reliquit,

Verg. E. 1, 31; Tib. 1, 2, 65; Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 22:

duxi, habui scortum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 6; Ter. And. 1, 1, 58: cum esset objectum, habere eum Laida;

habeo, inquit, non habeor a Laide,

Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2.—

Gladiatorial t. t., of a wounded combatant: hoc habet or habet, he has that (i. e. that stroke), he is hit:

desuper altus equo graviter ferit atque ita fatur: Hoc habet,

Verg. A. 12, 296; Prud. Psych. 53.—

Transf.:

hoc habet: reperi, qui senem ducerem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Rud. 4, 4, 99: egomet continuo mecum;

Certe captus est! Habet!

Ter. And. 1, 1, 56 (id est vulneratus est. Habet enim qui percussus est: et proprie de gladiatoribus dicitur, Don.).—Hence: hăbĭtus, a, um, P. a., held or kept in a certain condition, state, humor (ante-class.).

In gen.

Lit.: equus nimis strigosus et male habitus, Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11; v. in the foll.—

Trop.:

ut patrem tuum vidi esse habitum, diu etiam duras (lites) dabit,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22.—

In partic., physically, well kept, well conditioned, fleshy, corpulent:

corpulentior videre atque habitior,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 8:

si qua (virgo) est habitior paulo, pugilem esse aiunt, deducunt cibum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23: (censores) equum nimis strigosum et male habitum, sed equitem ejus uberrimum et habitissimum viderunt, etc., Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11.

hărēna (better than ărēna, Bramb. s. v. Rib. Prol. Verg. p. 422, and v. infra), ae, f. [Sabin. fas-ena; from Sanscr. root bhas-, to shine, gleam, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 102].

Prop., sand (syn.:

sabulum, glarea, suburra): harenae tria genera,

Plin. 36, 23, 54, § 175:

magnus congestus harenae,

Lucr. 6, 724; 726:

litoris incurvi bibulam pavit aequor harenam,

the thirsty sand of the curved shore, id. 2, 376; so,

bibula harena,

Verg. G. 1, 114 (Rib. and Forbig., but Conington arena):

sicca,

id. ib. 1, 389:

sterilis,

id. ib. 1, 70:

mollis,

Ov. M. 2, 577:

opaci omnis harena Tagi, i. e. the gold it was believed to contain,

Juv. 3, 55 (cf. Plin. 4, 21, 35, § 115):

nivis more incidens,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 30, 2.— Poet.:

harena nigra, = limus,

slime, mud, Verg. G. 4, 292.— Plur. (postAug.; its use is said by Gell. 19, 8, 3, to have been ridiculed by Cæsar as a verbi vitium):

arenae carae, of the golden sands of Pactolus,

Ov. M. 11, 88 Merk.:

quem (delphina) postquam bibulis inlisit fluctus harenis,

id. H. 18, 201:

summae cauda verruntur arenae,

id. M. 10, 701 Merk.; so id. ib. 2, 456; 865; 11, 231; 499; 15, 268; 279; Stat. S. 4, 3, 23 Queck; Col. 1 praef. 24;

but harenae,

Ov. Am. 2, 11, 47; Verg. G. 2, 106; 3, 350; Hor. C. 3, 4, 31 K. and H.:

arenarum inculta vastitas,

Sen. Q. N. 1 prol. 8;

of the bottom of the sea: furit aestus harenis,

Verg. A. 1, 107:

aestu miscentur harenae,

id. ib. 3, 557.—Prov.

Quid harenae semina mandas? Ov. H. 5, 115; cf. id. Tr. 5, 4, 48.—

Ex incomprehensibili pravitate arenae funis effici non potest, Col. 10 praef. § 4.—

Arena sine calce, said by Caligula of Seneca, because his sentences seem like independent maxims, without connection, Suet. Cal. 53.—

Of vast numbers:

sicut arena quae est in litore maris,

Vulg. Judic. 7, 12; id. Gen. 22, 17.—

Meton.

In gen., sand, sands, a sandy place:

ut cum urbis vendiderit, tum arenam aliquam emat,

Cic. Agr. 2, 27, 71 B. and K.—

Esp.

A sandy desert, waste (mostly post-Aug.):

cum super Libycas victor penderet arenas,

Ov. M. 4, 617; Luc. 2, 417:

nigras inter harenas,

Prop. 4 (5), 6, 83:

Memnonis effigies, disjectas inter et vix pervias arenas,

Tac. A. 2, 61.—

The shore of the sea, the beach, coast, strand:

cum mare permotum ventis ruit intus harenam,

Lucr. 6, 726: litoream arenam sulcare, Ov. M. 15, 725:

doque leves saltus udaeque inmittor arenae,

id. ib. 3, 599:

multaque perpessae (carinae) Phrygia potiuntur arena,

id. ib. 12, 38:

sub noctem potitur classis arena,

id. ib. 13, 729.—So sing., Verg. A. 1, 540; 5, 34; 6, 316; 11, 626 al.—

The place of combat in the amphitheatre (strewn with sand), the arena:

in amphitheatri arena,

Suet. Ner. 53; id. Tit. 8:

missus in arenam aper,

id. Tib. 72; id. Aug. 43:

comminus ursos figebat Numidas Albana nudus harena venator,

Juv. 4, 100; 2, 144; 8, 206:

juvenes in arenam luxuria projecit,

Sen. Ep. 99, 13.—

Transf.

A combat in the amphitheatre:

in harenam se dare,

Dig. 11, 4, 5 fin.:

operas arenae promittere,

Tac. A. 14, 14:

in opera scaenae arenaeque edenda,

Suet. Tib. 35:

scaenae arenaeque devotus,

id. Cal. 30.—

The combatants in the arena: cum et juris idem (i. e. testandi libertas) contingat harenae, the gladiators have the right, etc., Juv. 6, 217.—

Harena urens, volcanic fire, lava:

Aetna ingentem vim arenae urentis effudit,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 30, 1.—

Trop., the place of combat, scene or theatre of any contest (war, a single battle, a dispute, etc.):

civilis belli arena,

Flor. 4, 2, 18; 4, 7, 6; cf. id. 3, 21, 1; Luc. 6, 63:

in harena mea, hoc est apud centumviros,

Plin. Ep. 6, 12, 2.

lacto, āvi, ātum (used almost exclusively in the part. pres.), 1, v. a. and n. [lac].

To contain milk, to have milk, to give suck:

ubera lactantia,

Ov. M. 6, 342; 7, 321; Lucr. 5, 885:

ubera quae non lactaverunt,

Vulg. Luc. 23, 29: quaecunque (femina) id temporis lactans est, Gell. 12, 1, 17.—

To suck milk, to take the breast, to suck: puer lactans, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. 153, 26 (Trag. Rel. v. 38 Rib.); cf.:

infans lactavit,

Aus. Epit. 32: anni lactantes, the suckling years (of a child), id. Idyll. 4, 67.—

To be full of milk, to be milky:

metae,

cheeses, Mart. 1, 43, 7 (cf.:

meta lactis,

id. 3, 58, 35).—Part. as subst.: lactantia, ium, n., milky food, Cels. 2, 28, 2 al.—

Act., to give suck to:

lactaverunt catulos suos,

Vulg. Thren. 4, 2:

filium suum,

id. 1 Reg. 1, 23.— Pass.:

lactare ut nutriaris,

Aug. Enarr. in Psa. 130, 12:

mamilla regum lactaberis,

Vulg. Isa. 60, 16.

lacto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [lacio], to allure, wheedle, flatter, deceive with fair words, to dupe, cajole (mostly ante-class.): dictis lenibus lactare aliquem, Att. ap. Non. 16, 17:

frustrando lactans,

id. ib.:

ita me amor lapsum animi ludificat...retinet, lactat largitur,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 9:

animos,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 9; 4, 1, 24:

si te lactaverint peccatores,

Vulg. Prov. 1, 10:

nec lactes quemquam labiis tuis,

id. ib. 24, 28.

lactĕo, ēre (used almost exclusively in the part. pres.), v. a. [lac].

To suck milk, to be a suckling:

Romulus parvus atque lactens, uberibus lupinis inhians,

Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; so,

lactens Juppiter puer,

id. Div. 2, 41, 85:

vitulus,

Ov. M. 2, 624; 10, 227:

lactens hostia,

Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29; also absol.:

lactentibus rem divinam facere,

Liv. 37, 3.— Poet.:

viscera lactentia,

i. e. sucking children, sucklings, Ov. F. 6, 137.—Of the spring:

tener et lactens (sc. annus),

Ov. M. 15, 201. —

To contain milk or sap, to be milky, sappy, juicy:

verno tempore, cum lactent novella virentia,

Pall. 3, 26; cf.:

nam sata, vere novo, teneris lactentia sucis,

Ov. F. 1, 351:

frumenta in viridi stipula lactentia turgent,

Verg. G. 1, 315:

lactuca lactens,

Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 67.— Subst.: lactentĭa, ium, n., milk-food, milk-dishes, Cels. 2, 28.

lactĕo, ēre (used almost exclusively in the part. pres.), v. a. [lac].

To suck milk, to be a suckling:

Romulus parvus atque lactens, uberibus lupinis inhians,

Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; so,

lactens Juppiter puer,

id. Div. 2, 41, 85:

vitulus,

Ov. M. 2, 624; 10, 227:

lactens hostia,

Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29; also absol.:

lactentibus rem divinam facere,

Liv. 37, 3.— Poet.:

viscera lactentia,

i. e. sucking children, sucklings, Ov. F. 6, 137.—Of the spring:

tener et lactens (sc. annus),

Ov. M. 15, 201. —

To contain milk or sap, to be milky, sappy, juicy:

verno tempore, cum lactent novella virentia,

Pall. 3, 26; cf.:

nam sata, vere novo, teneris lactentia sucis,

Ov. F. 1, 351:

frumenta in viridi stipula lactentia turgent,

Verg. G. 1, 315:

lactuca lactens,

Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 67.— Subst.: lactentĭa, ium, n., milk-food, milk-dishes, Cels. 2, 28.

lacto, āvi, ātum (used almost exclusively in the part. pres.), 1, v. a. and n. [lac].

To contain milk, to have milk, to give suck:

ubera lactantia,

Ov. M. 6, 342; 7, 321; Lucr. 5, 885:

ubera quae non lactaverunt,

Vulg. Luc. 23, 29: quaecunque (femina) id temporis lactans est, Gell. 12, 1, 17.—

To suck milk, to take the breast, to suck: puer lactans, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. 153, 26 (Trag. Rel. v. 38 Rib.); cf.:

infans lactavit,

Aus. Epit. 32: anni lactantes, the suckling years (of a child), id. Idyll. 4, 67.—

To be full of milk, to be milky:

metae,

cheeses, Mart. 1, 43, 7 (cf.:

meta lactis,

id. 3, 58, 35).—Part. as subst.: lactantia, ium, n., milky food, Cels. 2, 28, 2 al.—

Act., to give suck to:

lactaverunt catulos suos,

Vulg. Thren. 4, 2:

filium suum,

id. 1 Reg. 1, 23.— Pass.:

lactare ut nutriaris,

Aug. Enarr. in Psa. 130, 12:

mamilla regum lactaberis,

Vulg. Isa. 60, 16.

lacto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. freq. a. [lacio], to allure, wheedle, flatter, deceive with fair words, to dupe, cajole (mostly ante-class.): dictis lenibus lactare aliquem, Att. ap. Non. 16, 17:

frustrando lactans,

id. ib.:

ita me amor lapsum animi ludificat...retinet, lactat largitur,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 9:

animos,

Ter. And. 5, 4, 9; 4, 1, 24:

si te lactaverint peccatores,

Vulg. Prov. 1, 10:

nec lactes quemquam labiis tuis,

id. ib. 24, 28.

ossŭārĭus, a, um, adj. [2. os], of or for bones, bone- (post-class.):

OLLA OSSVARIA,

a vase to contain the bones of a corpse, a bone-urn, Inscr. Orell. 2896.—

Subst.: ossŭārĭum (also written ossārĭum), ii, n., a receptacle for the bones of the dead, a bone-vault, charnel-house, Dig. 47, 12, 2; Inscr. Orell. 4511; 4556.