-
121 Women
A paradox exists regarding the equality of women in Portuguese society. Although the Constitution of 1976 gave women full equality in rights, and the right to vote had already been granted under Prime Minister Marcello Caetano during the Estado Novo, a gap existed between legal reality and social practice. In many respects, the last 30 years have brought important social and political changes with benefits for women. In addition to the franchise, women won—at least on paper—equal property-owning rights and the right of freedom of movement (getting passports, etc.). The workforce and the electorate afforded a much larger role for women, as more than 45 percent of the labor force and more than 50 percent of the electorate are women. More women than ever attend universities, and they play a larger role in university student bodies. Also, more than ever before, they are represented in the learned professions. In politics, a woman served briefly as prime minister in 1979-80: Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo. Women are members of government cabinets ("councils"); women are in the judicial system, and, in the late 1980s, some 25 women were elected members of parliament (Assembly of the Republic). Moreover, women are now members of the police and armed forces, and some women, like Olympic marathoner Rosa Mota, are top athletes.Portuguese feminists participated in a long struggle for equality in all phases of life. An early such feminist was Ana de Castro Osório (1872-1935), a writer and teacher. Another leader in Portugal's women's movement, in a later generation, was Maria Lamas (18931983). Despite the fact that Portugal lacked a strong women's movement, women did resist the Estado Novo, and some progress occurred during the final phase of the authoritarian regime. In the general elections of 1969, women were granted equal voting rights for the first time. Nevertheless, Portuguese women still lacked many of the rights of their counterparts in other Western European countries. A later generation of feminists, symbolized by the three women writers known as "The Three Marias," made symbolic protests through their sensational writings. In 1972, a book by the three women writers, all born in the late 1930s or early 1940s (Maria Isabel Barreno, Maria Teresa Horta, and Maria Velho da Costa), was seized by the government and the authors were arrested and put on trial for their writings and outspoken views, which included the assertion of women's rights to sexual and reproductive freedom.The Revolution of 25 April 1974 overthrew the Estado Novo and established in law, if not fully in actual practice in society, a full range of rights for women. The paradox in Portuguese society was that, despite the fact that sexual equality was legislated "from the top down," a gap remained between what the law said and what happened in society. Despite the relatively new laws and although women now played a larger role in the workforce, women continued to suffer discrimination and exclusion. Strong pressures remained for conformity to old ways, a hardy machismo culture continued, and there was elitism as well as inequality among classes. As the 21st century commenced, women played a more prominent role in society, government, and culture, but the practice of full equality was lacking, and the institutions of the polity, including the judicial and law enforcement systems, did not always carry out the law. -
122 flight
1) полёт, режим полёта, продолжительность полёта; дальность полёта || лётный, полётный2) рейс4) лестничный марш, пролёт лестницы7) пищ. гонок ( рассева)•to cancel the flight — отменять полёт;to carry out the flight — выполнять полёт;to commence the flight — начинать полёт;to complete the flight — завершать полёт;to decelerate in flight — гасить скорость в полёте;to jeopardize the flight — подвергать полёт опасности;to replan the flight — изменять план полёта;while in flight — во время полёта; в процессе полёта;whilst awaiting in flight — в ожидании ( очередной команды с земли) в полёте;-
accelerated flight
-
acceptance flight
-
accident-free flight
-
advertising flight
-
aerial survey flight
-
aerial work flight
-
aero-tow flight
-
altitude flight
-
around-the-world flight
-
asymmetric flight
-
back-to-back flight
-
blind flight
-
box-pattern flight
-
bumpy-air flight
-
business flight
-
calibration flight
-
cancelled flight
-
cargo flight
-
certification test flight
-
charter flight
-
checkout flight
-
climbing flight
-
closed-circuit flight
-
coast-to-coast flight
-
commercial flight
-
contact flight
-
controlled flight
-
conventional flight
-
conveyor flight
-
crop control flight
-
delayed flight
-
delivery flight
-
demonstration flight
-
direct flight
-
directed reference flight
-
emergency flight
-
endurance flight
-
en-route flight
-
experimental flight
-
familiarization flight
-
ferry flight
-
formation flight
-
fuelless flight
-
high altitude flight
-
horizontal flight
-
hovering flight
-
hover flight
-
instructional check flight
-
instructional dual flight
-
instructional solo flight
-
instrument flight
-
interstellar flight
-
laser-powered flight
-
level flight
-
local flight
-
lock flight
-
long-term manned space flight
-
low-level flight
-
manned space flight
-
meteorological reconnaissance flight
-
non-revenue flight
-
nonscheduled flight
-
non-stop flight
-
non-visual flight
-
off-airway flight
-
orbital flight
-
out-and-return flight
-
out-of-trim flight
-
pleasure flight
-
point-to-point flight
-
positioning flight
-
practice flight
-
production test flight
-
record-breaking flight
-
return flight
-
revenue earning flight
-
round-trip flight
-
scheduled flight
-
shakedown flight
-
short-haul flight
-
solar-powered flight
-
solar flight
-
steady flight
-
subsonic flight
-
supersonic flight
-
supervised flight
-
taxi-class flight
-
test flight
-
through flight
-
training dual flight
-
training flight
-
training solo flight
-
transit flight
-
turn-round flight
-
uncontrolled flight
-
unscheduled flight
-
visual flight
-
wings-level flight -
123 flight
1. полёт || полётный2. режим полёта3. рейс || рейсовыйflight over the high seas — полёт над открытым морем;
to be experienced in flight — иметь место [происходить] в полёте
to carry out the flight — выполнять полёт;
to monitor the flight — следить за полётом; контролировать полёт
to replan the flight — изменять маршрут полёта; изменять план полёта
— hovering flight— in flight— inclusive tour flight— instrument rules flight— low-altitude flight— visual rules flight -
124 a traduce în fapt / viaţă
to put into practiceto carry outto bring / to carry into effectto convey into real (actto translate into fact / lifeto make something a realityto materialize.Română-Engleză dicționar expresii > a traduce în fapt / viaţă
-
125 приведа
вж. привеждам* * *приведа̀,привѐждам гл.1. ( навеждам) bend;3. ( свеждам) reduce ( към to); \приведа към общ знаменател reduce to a common denominator; прен. treat/regard as equal, regard as one and the same thing;4. carry out; set; \приведа в движение set in motion; \приведа в изпълнение carry/put into effect; execute; put into practice; give effect to;\приведа се bend.* * *вж. привеждам -
126 проводить
I (кого-л./что-л.)
see (off), accompany; follow (глазами)
II несовер. - проводить; совер. - провести
1) (кого-л./что-л.)
lead, conduct
2) (что-л.; прокладывать)
lay
3) (что-л.; осуществлять)
carry out/through, realize, put (into practice), conduct; develop (идею); hold (выборы)
4) (чем-л. по кому-л./чему-л.) pass (over), run (over)
5) (что-л.) (время)
spend
6) (что-л.) (предложение и т.д.)
pass* * *1) spend; 2) lead* * *провожать; проводить (кого-л./что-л.) see (off)* * *carryconductholdleadpassprosecutereevespendtakewage -
127 pursue
•• Pursue 1. to follow in order to overtake or catch. 2. to strive to gain or accomplish. 3. to carry on or engage in. 4. to follow or carry out (The Random House Dictionary).
•• Замечательно многозначное, а скорее – широкое по своему значению слово. Если научиться им хорошо оперировать, то оно выручит вас много раз при переводе с русского на английский и, во всяком случае, сделает вашу английскую речь более идиоматичной. Вот несколько примеров, показывающих широту значения этого слова:
•• 1. Readers were skeptical of the Pentagon’s secret program that relied on psychics to pursue information (Time);
•• 2. He used to be a self-described yuppie, more interested in acquiring houses and cars than in pursuing causes (Time);
•• 3. The two rival groups that are likely to emerge within China’s Communist Party... will both pursue the claim to Taiwan (Economist);
•• 4. Scholarly historians pursue rigorous canons of scientific evidence.
•• От глагола to pursue образовано и существительное pursuit (вспомним знаменитое life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness в американской Декларации независимости).
•• Конечно, у слов pursue, pursuit есть, если можно так выразиться, агрессивное значение, более или менее соответствующее русскому преследовать. Отсюда, например, hot pursuit – погоня по горячим следам. Но чаще в этом значении употребляются глаголы to persecute (подвергать преследованиям) и to prosecute (преследовать в судебном порядке). Например, не менее знаменитое американское Violators will be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. – Нарушители будут строго/без всякого снисхождения преследоваться в судебном порядке.
•• Наиболее актуальное значение слова pursue в современном английском языке, как мне кажется, «неагрессивное» и очень широкое, при этом русских соответствий может быть множество – стремиться, добиваться, заниматься, намереваться, проявлять интерес. Интересны некоторые синонимы, которые можно найти в словаре The Synonym Finder by J.I. Rodale: attend; aspire to; be intent on; contend for; aim for; have in mind; address; proceed; practice; engage in; undertake. Как видим, здесь масса возможностей для подбора идиоматичного, «звучащего» перевода для таких часто встречающихся в русской официальной речи и довольно тяжеловесных слов и словосочетаний, как предпринимать, добиваться, направленный на..., уделять внимание, ставить задачи и даже сакраментальное решать вопросы. И все это вполне соответствует широкому значению этого слова по Хорнби: to go on with, work at; have an aim or purpose или по Oxford American Dictionary: to engage in; to strive for. Широкое значение to engage in, под которое можно подвести буквально все что угодно, хорошо просматривается в таком примере из Time:...a policy that would guarantee indigenous peoples the right to pursue their traditional lifestyles.
•• А теперь вернемся к примерам, помещенным в начале словарной статьи. В первом из них говорится о секретной программе Пентагона, направленной на получение информации при помощи экстрасенсов. Во втором – о человеке, которого больше интересовало приобретение домов и машин, чем любое проявление общественной активности. В третьем примере утверждается, что китайское руководство будет добиваться удовлетворения своих претензий на Тайвань. Наконец, четвертый пример: Серьезные историки придерживаются самых строгих научных критериев доказательности (проверки достоверности фактов).
-
128 ausführen
1. to accomplish2. to achieve3. to act out4. to administer [law]5. to carry out6. to do7. to effect8. to engineer9. to execute10. to expedite11. to export12. to implement13. to obey14. to perform15. to put into practice16. to realise Br.17. to realize18. to take out19. to use(= genauer darstellen)to explainto run
См. также в других словарях:
carry out — index administer (conduct), apply (put in practice), commit (perpetrate), complete, comply, con … Law dictionary
carry out — Synonyms and related words: abide by, adhere to, administer, administrate, apply, be responsible for, bring about, bring off, bring to effect, bring to pass, carry into effect, carry into execution, carry off, carry on, carry through, come… … Moby Thesaurus
carry out — Apply, execute, put in practice, carry into detail, complete … New dictionary of synonyms
carry out — put into practice, accomplish, perform … English contemporary dictionary
practice — I. verb also practise (practiced; also practised; practicing; also practising) Etymology: Middle English practisen, from Middle French practiser, from Medieval Latin practizare, alteration of practicare, from practica practice, noun, from Late… … New Collegiate Dictionary
practice — prac·tice n 1: the form and manner of conducting judicial and quasi judicial proceedings 2 a: the continuous exercise of a profession; also: the performance of services that are considered to require an appropriate license engaged in the… … Law dictionary
practice — [n1] routine, usual procedure convenance, convention, custom, fashion, form, habit, habitude, manner, method, mode, praxis, proceeding, process, rule, system, tradition, trick, usage, use, usefulness, utility, way, wont; concept 688 Ant.… … New thesaurus
practice — Ⅰ. practice [1] ► NOUN 1) the actual application of a plan or method, as opposed to the theories relating to it. 2) the customary way of doing something. 3) the practising of a profession. 4) the business or premises of a doctor or lawyer. 5) the … English terms dictionary
carry — [kar′ē] vt. carried, carrying [ME carien < Anglo Fr carier < NormFr carre, CAR1] 1. to hold or support while moving [to carry a package] 2. to take from one place to another; transport, as in a vehicle [to carry the mail] 3. to hold … English World dictionary
Practice — Prac tice, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Practiced}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Practicing}.] [Often written practise, practised, practising.] 1. To do or perform frequently, customarily, or habitually; to make a practice of; as, to practice gaming. Incline not my… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
carry through — Synonyms and related words: abide, abide by, adhere to, administer, be patient, be responsible for, bear with composure, bring about, bring off, bring to effect, bring to pass, carry into effect, carry into execution, carry off, carry on, carry… … Moby Thesaurus