at+the+urging+of

cĕler, ĕris, e ( masc. cĕleris, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 760 P.; fem. celer, Liv. Andron. ap. Prisc. l. l.; cf. acer; sup. celerissimus, Enn. and Manlius ap. Prisc. l. l.) [cello; cf. Doed. Syn. 2, pp. 123 and 93, urging, pressing forward; cf. also 1. cello], swift, fleet, quick, speedy (with the access. idea of energy, struggling, and even power; v. Doed. above cited; syn.: expeditus, promptus, velox, citatus; opp. tardus, segnis, lentus).

Of corporeal objects:

face te propere celerem,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 1:

hasta, Liv. Andron. ap. Prisc. l. l.: sagitta,

Hor. C. 3, 20, 9; Ov. M. 5, 367: configebat tardus celeres (sc. aves), Att. ap. Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 32:

pennae,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 53:

Mercurius,

id. ib. 2, 7, 13:

Cynthia,

id. ib. 3, 28, 12:

Diana,

Ov. M. 4, 304:

deae,

id. ib. 2, 119:

rivi,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 14:

curriculum,

Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 13:

flamma,

Lucr. 2, 192; cf. id. 5, 302:

ignis,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 76:

motus,

Lucr. 4, 177; cf.:

celer atque instabilis motus,

Caes. B. G. 4, 23, 5:

receptus,

id. B. C. 1, 59:

lapsus,

Lucr. 4, 324; Ov. M. 6, 216:

ictus,

Lucr. 3, 636:

impete,

id. 6, 334:

turbo,

Verg. A. 12, 855:

venti,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 10; 1, 15, 3; 1, 14, 5:

cerva,

Cat. 64, 341:

canis,

Tib. 4, 3, 14:

equus,

id. 1, 2, 70; 4, 1, 91:

lupi,

id. 2, 1, 20:

classis,

Cat. 64, 53:

ratis,

id. 63, 1:

navis,

id. 4, 2:

carina,

Ov. M. 9, 447:

lintres,

Prop. 1, 14, 3:

pedes,

id. 3 (4), 9, 18:

remedia,

quickly working, efficacious, Nep. Att. 21, 2.— Poet. with gen. gerund:

nandi,

Sil. 4, 587.—With inf.:

excipere aprum,

Hor. C. 3, 12, 11; so id. ib. 4, 6, 39; id. Ep. 1, 20, 25.— Poet., celer for celeriter, Ov. M. 2, 119; 2, 838; 9, 765.—

Of mental and abstract objects:

oderunt Sedatum celeres,

lively, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 90; cf. Vell. 2, 73:

mens, quā nihil est celerius,

Cic. Or. 59, 200; cf. Lucr. 3, 183:

oratio celeris et concitata,

rapid, hurried, Cic. de Or. 2, 21, 88; cf. Quint. 9, 4, 138; 9. 4, 83; 9, 4, 111;

9, 4, 135: consilium,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 1.—

Implying reproach, rash, hasty, precipitate:

consilia,

Liv. 9, 32, 3; so id. 22, 38, 13; cf. id. 2, 51, 7;

and so iambi (of the fire of youth),

rash, hasty, Hor. C. 1, 16, 24:

victoria,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 3:

desperatio rerum,

Liv. 21, 1, 5:

ratione,

Lucr. 4, 144; 4, 255; 4, 775:

fata celerrima,

Verg. A. 12, 507:

mors,

Tib. 4, 1, 205.— Adv., quickly, speedily (syn.: velociter, cito, continuo, confestim, festinanter).

cĕlĕrĕ, Enn. et Nov. ap. Non. p. 510, 9 sq.; Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 4.—

cĕlĕrĭter, Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 2; Cic. Att. 15, 27, 1; id. Fam. 3, 1, 2; 9, 11, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 18; 1, 52 et saep.— Comp. celerius, Cic. Verr 2, 3, 24, § 60; Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 3; Nep. Cim. 3, 2 al.— Sup. celerrime, Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 45; Caes. B. G. 1, 37 al.

Cĕler, ĕris, m., a Roman cognomen in the gens Caecilia, Domitia, Egnatia, etc., Cic. Brut. 89, 305; id. Att. 10, 1, 4; Sall. C. 30, 5 al.

Cĕler, v. Celeres.

curro, cŭcurri (old form cĕcurri, acc. to Gell. 7, 9, 14: curri, Varr. Imp. ap. Front. Ep. 2 Mai; Tert. Fug. in Pers. 12; Arn. 4, 4), cursum, 3, v. n. [kindr. with celer, coruscus], to run, to move quickly (on foot, on a horse, ship, etc.), to hasten, fly (very freq. in every period and species of composition).

Lit.

Of living beings:

si ingrederis curre, si curris advola,

Cic. Att. 2, 23, 3:

propere,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 56:

per vias,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 24:

per totum conclave pavidi,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 113:

circum loculos,

id. ib. 2, 3, 147:

subsidio,

Cic. Att. 12, 3, 2; Prop. 2 (3), 26, 17 al.:

in nostros toros,

id. 3, 20 (4, 19), 10 et saep.:

ad villam praecipitanter,

Lucr. 3, 1063:

per omne mare nautae,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 30:

trans mare,

id. Ep. 1, 11, 27:

extremos ad Indos mercator,

id. ib. 1, 1, 45; cf.:

injecto ter pulvere curras (nauta),

id. C. 1, 28, 36 al.:

sed neque currentem se nec cognoscit euntem,

his former strength, Verg. A. 12, 903:

ad vocem praeceps amensque cucurri,

Ov. M. 7, 844.—With acc. of distance:

uno die MCCCV. stadia,

Plin. 7, 20, 20, § 84; cf.

in a figure: eosdem cursus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44; cf. b infra.— Poet., of flight:

medio ut limite curras, Icare, moneo,

Ov. M. 8, 203.—With inf.:

quis illam (dextram) osculari non curreret?

Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 1.— Impers.:

ad me curritur,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 44:

curritur ad praetorium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 35, § 92:

quo curratur celeriter,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 1, 30 al. —

Rarely with the homogeneous objects iter, stadium, campus, etc.:

qui stadium currit,

who runs a race, Cic. Off. 3, 10, 42:

currimus aequor,

Verg. A. 3, 191; 5, 235 (cf. id. ib. 5, 862).—Hence pass.: unde et campus curritur et mare navigatur, Auct. ap. Quint. 1, 4, 28.—

Prov.: currentem incitare or instigare, etc., to spur a willing horse, i. e. to urge one who needs no urging, Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 19; id. Fam. 15, 15, 3; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 45:

facilius est currentem, ut aiunt, incitare quam commovere languentem,

id. de Or. 2, 44, 186; Plin. Ep. 3, 7, 15; cf.

ellipt.: quod me hortaris... currentem tu quidem,

Cic. Att. 13, 45, 2; so,

currentem hortari,

id. ib. 5, 9, 1;

6, 7, 1: currenti calcaria addere,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 1:

asellum currere doceas,

i. e. you labor to no purpose, Hor. S. 1, 1, 91:

per flammam,

to go through fire, Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62.—

Transf., of inanimate objects (mostly poet.):

sol currens,

Lucr. 5, 682;

of liquids: amnes in aequora currunt,

Verg. A. 12, 524; id. ib. 1, 607; Ov. M. 8, 597;

Auct. B. Hisp. 29 al.: currente rotā,

Hor. C. 3, 10, 10; id. A. P. 22; Ov. P. 4, 9, 10:

quam (chlamydem) circum Purpura cucurrit,

Verg. A. 5, 250; cf. Stat. Th. 2, 98:

rubor per ora,

Verg. A. 12, 66 et saep.:

linea per medium,

Plin. 18, 34, 77, § 331:

limes per agrum,

id. 18, 33, 76, § 326; 2, 108, 112, §§

243 and 245: vox currit conchato parietum spatio,

id. 11, 51, 112, § 270:

varius per ora cucurrit Ausonidum turbata fremor,

Verg. A. 11, 296:

carmina dulci modulatione currentia,

Lact. 5, 1, 10;

of the eyes: oculi currentes, huc illucque directi et furiose respicientes,

Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 7, 2, p. 281 Garet.—

Trop.:

non quo multa parum communis littera currat,

not but that they have many letters in common, Lucr. 2, 692:

proclivi currit oratio, venit ad extremum, haeret in salebrā,

runs, Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 84:

historia currere debet ac ferri,

Quint. 9, 4, 18:

cum debeant sublimia ingredi, acria currere,

id. 9, 4, 139:

numeri,

id. 9, 4, 31; cf.

rhythmi,

id. 9, 4, 50:

versus incomposito pede,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 1:

sententia,

id. ib. 1, 10, 9:

currit ferox Aetas,

flies away, passes, id. C. 2, 5, 13.—

With acc., to run, traverse (cf. I. b. supra):

eosdem cursus currere,

to adopt the same policy, Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44:

talia saecla, suis dixerunt, currite, fusis Concordes Parcae,

Verg. E. 4, 46 (al. regard saecla as voc.; al. take currite as transitive, produce such ages, cause them to be such, as ye run; cf. Forbig ad loc.).

आनुषूक a. (In the manner of the aftershoot of rice) Promoting, urging, driving forward; तस्मा एतमैन्द्रमानुषू- कम् Yāj. Ts.2.3.4.2.

चोदक a. [चुद्-ण्वुल्] Driving, urging.

-कः 1 Directing, invitation.

-2 (in gram.) परिग्रह q. v.

-3 The in- junctive text or the general rule which lays down that a विकृति shall be performed like its प्रकृति. चोदको हि प्रयोग- वचनाद् बलवत्तरः । स हि उत्पादयति प्रापयति च । प्रापितानभिसमीक्ष्य प्रयोगवचन उपसंहरति । ŚB. on MS.5.1.18; विकृतिः प्राकृतान् धर्मांश्चोदकेन गृह्णाति । ŚB. on MS.5.4.22.

प्रवर्तक a. (

-र्तिका f.)

1 Setting on foot, founding.

-2 Advancing, promoting, furthering.

-3 Producing, causing,...... कृतिसाध्यताज्ञानं वा प्रवर्तकमिति जरन्नैयायिकाः.

-4 Prompting, urging, inducing, instigating (in a bad sense).

-कः 1 An originator, founder, author.

-2 A prompter, instigator.

-3 An arbiter, umpire.

-कम् The entrance of a character on the stage.

प्रेरणम् णा 1 Driving or urging on, impelling, inciting, instigation.

-2 Impulse, passion.

-3 Throwing, casting; ह्रीमूढानां भवति विफलप्रेरणा चूर्णमुष्टिः Me.7.

-4 Sending, despatching.

-5 Order, direction.

-6 (In gram.) The sense of the causal form.

-7 Activity, exertion.

n. the act of tying orﾠ fastening (as to the sacrificial post) ṠBr. ;

n. driving out;

1) cl. 1. Ā. preshate, to go, move Dhātup. XVI, 18 (v.l. hresh)

2) ( pra-ish) P. Ā. prêshyati, - te (Ved. inf. prêshe Pāṇ. 3-4, 9 Sch. ;

3) f. pressing, pressure (with hemán, « urging pressure») RV. IX, 97, 1.

1) m. a harasser, tormentor Hariv. ;

2) m. (prob.) urging, impulse ( Naigh. II, 9 = bala Sāy. = bādhaka, bādhana) RV. VI, 11, 5; I, 61, 2; 132, 5 ;

in-cĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to set in rapid motion, to hasten, urge forwards; and with se, to put one ' s self in rapid motion, to hasten, rush (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

vehementius equos incitare,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41, 4:

saxa per pronum,

Sall. H. 3, 22 Dietsch:

hastas,

Val. Fl. 1, 409:

stellarum motus tum incitantur, tum retardantur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 40, 103:

naves longas remis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25, 1; cf.:

lintres magno sonitu remorum incitatae,

id. ib. 7, 60, 4:

navigio remis incitato,

id. ib. 3, 14, 6:

alii ex castris sese incitant,

sally out, id. B. C. 2, 14, 3; cf.:

cum ex alto se aestus incitavisset,

had rushed in, id. B. G. 3, 12, 1; and:

quo major vis aquae se incitavisset,

id. ib. 4, 17, 7: duabus ex partibus sese (naves) in eam (navem) incitaverant, id. B. C. 2, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 3, 24, 3.—Prov.: incitare currentem, to spur a willing horse, i. e. to urge a person who does not need urging, Cic. Phil. 3, 8, 19; cf. id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16; v. curro.—

In partic., to cause to grow larger, i. e. to augment, increase, to promote the growth of (not ante-Aug.; cf.

excito, I. B.): hibernis (Enipeus amnis) incitatus pluviis,

swollen, Liv. 44, 8, 6:

frequentibus fossuris terra permiscetur, ut incitari vitis possit,

Col. 4, 22, 3; 4, 33. fin.; 3, 21, 7.—

Trop., to incite, encourage, stimulate, rouse, excite, spur on.

In gen.:

aliquem imitandi cupiditate,

Cic. Brut. 92, 317:

quibus (causis) mentes aut incitantur aut reflectuntur,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 53:

animos, opp. sedare,

id. Or. 19, 63:

ipsum ingenium diligentia etiam ex tarditate incitat,

id. ib. 2, 35, 147:

quorum studio legendi meum scribendi studium in dies incitatur,

id. Div. 2, 2, 5:

quamquam ea incitatur in civitate ratio vivendi,

id. de Or. 3, 60, 226:

stultas cogitationes,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 10, 4:

quoniam ad hanc voluntatem ipsius naturae stimulis incitamur,

Cic. Rep. 1, 2 fin.; cf.:

juvenes ad studium et ad laborem,

id. de Or. 1, 61, 262:

aliquem ad servandum genus hominum,

id. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

multa Caesarem ad id bellum incitabant,

Caes. B. G. 3, 10, 1:

aliquem ad bellum atque arma,

Liv. 1, 27, 3:

aliquem ad amplissimam spem,

Suet. Caes. 7:

cujus voluptatis avidae libidines temere et effrenate ad potiundum incitarentur,

Cic. de Sen. 12, 39:

incitabant (animum ferocem) praeterea conrupti civitatis mores,

Sall. C. 5, 8:

cum tibia lumbos incitat,

Juv. 6, 315. —

In partic.

To inspire. nam terrae vis Pythiam Delphis incitabat, naturae Sibyllam, Cic. Div. 1, 36, 79:

mente incitati,

id. Ac. 2, 5, 14; id. Cat. 63, 93.—

In a bad sense, to excite, arouse, stir up:

neque enim desunt, qui istos in me atque in optimum quemque incitent,

Cic. Fl. 28, 66; cf. id. Fam. 12, 2, 1:

et consules senatum in tribunum et tribunus populum in consules incitabat,

Liv. 4, 2, 1:

his vocibus cum in se magis incitarent dictatorem,

id. 8, 33, 1:

opifices facile contra vos incitabuntur,

Cic. Ac. 2, 47, 144 (shortly before, concitentur); Hirt. B. G. 8, 35 fin.:

milites nostri pristini diei perfidiā incitati,

Caes. B. G. 4, 14, 3:

civitas ob eam rem incitata,

id. ib. 1, 4:

judices,

Quint. 6, 4, 10.—

(Acc. to I. B.) To augment, increase, enhance:

consuetudo exercitatioque et intellegendi prudentiam acuit et eloquendi celeritatem incitat,

Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90; so,

caelibum poenas,

Tac. A. 3, 25.—Hence, incĭtātus, a, um, P. a. (set in rapid motion; hence), swiftly running, flowing, sailing, flying, etc.; in gen., rapid, swift.

Lit.:

imperator equo incitato se in hostes immittens,

at full speed, Cic. N. D. 3, 6, 15:

equo incitato,

Caes. B. G. 4, 12 fin. (for which: citato equo;

v. cito): milites cursu incitato in summo colle ab hostibus conspiciebantur,

advancing rapidly, id. ib. 2, 26, 3; cf.

in the foll. B.: mundi incitatissima conversio,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18 (shortly before: conversio concitatior).—

Trop.:

cursus in oratione incitatior,

Cic. Or. 59, 201; cf.

so of speech: Herodotus sine ullis salebris quasi sedatus amnis fluit: Thucydides incitatior fertur,

id. ib. 12, 39.— Adv.: incĭtātē (acc. to B.), of speech, quickly, rapidly, violently:

fluit incitatius,

Cic. Or. 63, 212:

quod incitatius feratur (locutio),

id. ib. 20, 67.

Grammatical information: pl.

Meaning: `one after the other, as a group' (Il.);

Other forms: also sg. - ος

Compounds: as 1. member in ἐπασσυτερο-τριβής `following one another quickly' (A. Ch. 426 [lyr.]).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [538] * ki-eu- set in motion'

Etymology: Uncertain. Acc. to Sonne KZ 13, 422 and Brugmann RhM 53, 630ff. from an adv. *ἐπ-αν-(σ)σύ to *ἐπ-αν(α)-σσεύομαι `hurry after one another', cf. ἀνά-σσυτος `mounting the height' (Hp.), ἐπί-σσυτος `urging' (A., E.), παν-συ-δίῃ `with alle ardour'; perhaps with Ehrlich RhM 63, 109 haplologically shortened ἐπασσυ[τό]-τερος. - Following Risch 87 and Seiler Steigerungsformen 44 however a contamination of *ἀγχύτερος and ἀσσοτέρω; thus also Baunack Philol. 70, 387: from ἀσσοτέρω and ἐγγύτερος.

Page in Frisk: 1,532