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1 forfaîir
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2 MÆRR
a. famous, glorious, illustrious (m. jöfurr; mærir tívar).* * *1.f. (i. e. mœrr), gen. mærar, dat. and acc. mæri:— a land, prop. border-land, only in poetry; mærar, Skálda 236 (in a verse); and in compds, blá-mœrr (q. v.), the blue land = the sea; borð-mœrr, máfa m., id.; dag-mærr, the day-land, i. e. the heaven; hauk-mœrr, the ‘hawk-land’ = the hand; Móins mær, serpent-land, i. e. gold. Lex. Poët.: the word remains in landa-mæri, border-land, andII. in the local name Mæri, f. a county in Norway; Sunn-mæri, Norð-mæri, Fms. passim; whence Mærir, m. pl. the men of M.: Mæra-jarl, the earl of M., a name of earl Rögnvald, the ancestor of the dukes of Normandy and the earls of Orkney: Mærskr, adj. from Mæri, Fms. Mæri or Mærini, a famed temple in Drontheim in Norway: hann lagði Mærina-helgi á allan fjörðinn ok lét engu tortýna þar nema kvikfé heimilu, i. e. he made the whole fjord a sanctuary, extended the sanctuary to the length of the whole fjord, Landn. l. c.2.adj., compar. mærri, mærstr; [Ulf. mers in waila-mers = εὔφημος; O. H. G. mâri]:—famous, glorious, great, Germ. herrlich, of persons; mjötuð mæran, Vsp. 2; mærir tívar, Hým. 4; mæran kon; inn mæri mögr Sigröðar, Kormak; ins mæra burar, Gm. 50; mærr jöfurr, Lex. Poët.: absol., báru mjöð mærar, Am. 8, 93; ena mæru Ingunni, Fms. viii. (in a verse); deyrat mildingr mæri (compar.), vi. 427: of things, í enum mæra Mímis-brunni, Vsp. 22; inn mæra fimbul-vetr, Vþm. 44; inn mæra mjöð, Skm. 16; mæran drykk mjaðar, Ls. 6; hrís þat et mæra, Akv. 5; inn mæri vöndr, Korm. 98 (in a verse): þjóð-mær, glorious. -
3 Rígr
m. the name of the hero of the poem Rígs-þula, in the Edd. erroneously called Rígs-mál, Edda ii. 496, a poem which traces the origin of royalty to king Ríg as the ancestor of all kings. This myth belonged to Heimdal, Vsp. 1; it is very likely that the Ríg of the poem is an invented name, a poetical disguise, borrowed from the Gaelic word Righ, which means a king; Rígs-þula would therefore literally mean Konungs-þula = the King’s Lay. -
4 SKJÖLDR
(gen. skjaldar, dat. skildi; pl. skildir, acc. skjöldu), m. shield;hafa e-n at skildi fyrir sér, to have another as a shield before one;bera efra (hærra) skjöld, to have the best of it, to gain the day;þjóna undir þann skjöld, to serve under that standard;leika tveim skjöldum, to play a double game;koma í opna skjöldu, to attack in flank (from the left);skjóta skildi yfir e-n, to protect one.* * *m., gen. skjaldar, dat. skildi; an old dat. in poets skjaldi,—hj aldrs á mínum skj aldi, Eb. 27 new Ed. (in a verse); h aldorð í bug skj aldi, Fms. vi. (in a verse); h aldir fast ok skj aldi, Kormak: plur. skildir; acc. skjöldu, mod. skildi: [Ulf. skildus = θυρεός, Ephes. vi. 16; Dan. skjold; Swed. sköld; common to all Teut. languages: it is commonly derived from skjól, shelter, although the short root vowel and the final d of skild speak against this: ‘skillingr’ or ‘skildingr’ ( a shilling) may be a derivative from ‘skildus,’ from the shape, and from the painted or scratched ‘ring’ on the shields; see below: in fact, an old poet (Bragi) calls the shield ‘the penny of the hall of Odin.’]A. A shield, the generic name; the special names are, rönd, rít, baugr, targa, lind; þeir höfðu ekki langa skjöldu, Fas. i. 379; góðan skjöld ok þjökkan á hálsi, Sks. 407; skjöld á hlið, Bjarn. 62, and so in countless instances.II. special phrases; halda skildi fyrir e-m (e-n), to hold one’s shield, as a second in a holmganga, Glúm. 332, Korm. 88; or, fyrir e-n, Ísl. ii. 257; era héra at borgnara þótt hæna beri skjöld, Fms. vii. 116: hafa e-n at skildi, to have another as one’s shield, i. e. seek shelter behind him, Nj. 8; bera efra skjöld, to carry the highest shield, gain the day, Fas. i. 383, Fms. x. 394: þjóna undir þann skjöld, to serve under that shield, that standard, vii. 293; þjóna undir sama skjöld, viii. 109: binda öllum jafnan skjöld, to tie the same shield to all, treat all in one fashion (metaphor from a withy-shield?), Clem. 44: leika tveim skjöldum, to play with two shields, play a double game (metaphor from the red and white shields, see B), Am. 70, Hkr. i. (in a verse): koma í opna skjöldu, to fall into the open (hollow) shield, to attack in flank ( from the left), Fms. vi. 408, Stj. 365, Eg. 295, Fb. ii. 123; rennir sá maðr í kirkjugarð, ok sækir þingat skjöld, and seeks protection there, N. G. L. i. 352; múrr ok skjöldr, Mar.III. of any shield-formed thing; tólgar-s., a round piece of tallow; also of shield-like spots on cattle or whales: of a white tablet in churches, Vm. 142, 162, 168, Ám. 55, Pm. 17: brjóst-skjöldr, a round brooch.IV. a pr. name, Nj., Hkr. (of the son of Odin, the ancestor of the Danish kings); Skjöldungar, Edda; Skjöldr Skánunga goð, Fb. iii. 246.COMPDS: skjaldarband, skjaldarbukl, skjaldarfetill, skjaldarjötunn, skjaldarrönd, skjaldarskirfl, skjaldarsporðr.B. Remarks on the shield.—A shield was raised as a signal in time of war; a red shield betokened war (rauðr skjöldr, her-skjöldr), a white shield peace (hvítr skjöldr, friðar-skjöldr, a peace-shield); in a battle the red shield was hoisted, Hkv. 1. 33; but, bregða upp friðar skildi, to hoist the (white) shield of peace, was a sign that the battle was to cease; hann lét skjóta upp skildi hvítum, Fagrsk. 6l, Fms. vii. 23; hence also the phrase, bera herskjöld, or, fara herskildi, to harry, overrun a land with the ‘war shield,’ see frið-skjöldr and her-skjöldr (s. v. herr). War ships were lined from stem to stern with a wall of shields,—skip skarat skjöldum, or skjaldat skip; hann kom í Bjarnar-fjörð með al-skjölduðu skipi, síðan var hann Skjaldar-Björn kallaðr, Landn. 156. The halls of the ancients were hung all round with a row of shields, Gm. 9, Edda 2, Eg. 43, see the curious story in Fas. iii. 42. For the shield-wall in battles see skjald-borg. Ancient sayings; nú er skarð fyrir skildi, now there is a gap for a shield, a breach in the fence, of a heavy loss, such as the death of a person, nú er skarð fyrir skildi, nú er svanrinn nár á Tjörn, Jón Þorl.; höggva skarð í skildi e-s, to cut a notch in one’s shield, inflict a severe blow, Orkn. (in a verse). Shields were furnished with a painted or carved ‘ring’ representing mythological or heroic subjects; these rings are the earliest works of Northern art on record, hence come the names rít, baugr, rönd, of which rít points to scratching (whereas Bragi used ‘fá’ = to paint); rauðum skildi, rönd var ór gulli, Hkv. 1. 33. Such shields were a lordly gift, and gave rise to several ancient poems treating of the subjects carved or painted on the shield, such as the famous Haust-löng by Thjodolf, the Ragnars-kviða by Bragi, the two Beru-drápur (Shield-songs) by Egill; these ‘shield-lays’ were afterwards the sources of the writer of the Edda, but only a few fragments are preserved; (cp. the Greek lay on ‘the shield of Heracles,’ and the lay on Achilles’ shield in the Iliad.) -
5 Yngvi-Freyr
m. the lord Yngvi, the ancestor of the Ynglingar, Yngl. S., Eyvind.
См. также в других словарях:
ancestor — an·ces·tor n 1 a: a person from whom an individual is descended: ascendant b: a person from whom an estate descends compare heir 2: one that precedes ancestor in title … Law dictionary
ancestor — ancestor, progenitor, forefather, forebear mean a person from whom one is descended. Ancestor, especially in genealogical and in historical use, implies lineal descent through one’s father or mother {he had three ancestors who were judges} but it … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Ancestor — An ces*tor, n. [OE. ancestre, auncestre, also ancessour; the first forms fr. OF. ancestre, F. anc[^e]tre, fr. the L. nom. antessor one who goes before; the last form fr. OF. ancessor, fr. L. acc. antecessorem, fr. antecedere to go before; ante… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
ancestor — [an′ses΄tər; ] also [, an′səstər, an′sistər] n. [ME & OFr ancestre < L antecessor, one who goes before < pp. of antecedere < ante , before + cedere, to go] 1. any person from whom one is descended, esp. one earlier in a family line than… … English World dictionary
ancestor — ancestor. См. предок. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) … Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.
ancestor — (n.) c.1300, ancestre, antecessour, from O.Fr. ancestre (12c., Mod.Fr. ancêtre), from L.L. antecessor predecessor, lit. foregoer, agent noun from pp. stem of L. antecedere to precede, from ante before (see ANTE (Cf. ante)) + ce … Etymology dictionary
ancestor — [n] predecessor in family antecedent, antecessor, ascendant, forebear, forefather, foregoer, foremother, forerunner, founder, precursor, primogenitor, progenitor; concept 414 Ant. descendant … New thesaurus
ancestor — ► NOUN 1) a person, typically one more remote than a grandparent, from whom one is descended. 2) something from which a later species or version has evolved. DERIVATIVES ancestral adjective ancestrally adverb ancestress noun. ORIGIN Latin… … English terms dictionary
Ancestor — An ancestor is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an ancestor (i.e., a grandparent, great grandparent, great great grandparent, great great great grandparent, great great great great grandparent, and so forth).Two individuals have a genetic… … Wikipedia
ancestor — 01. My [ancestors] came to this country from Asia thousands of years ago. 02. The sabre tooth tiger is an early [ancestor] of the domestic cat. 03. In my culture, we pray to our [ancestors] every day. 04. The native people have asked the museum… … Grammatical examples in English
ancestor — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ direct ▪ The builder of the house was a direct ancestor of the present owner. ▪ immediate ▪ ancient, distant, early, remote … Collocations dictionary
