aerarius

aerārĭus, a, um, adj. [aes].

That pertains to or is made of copper, bronze, etc.:

aerarium metallum,

a copper-mine, Vitr. 7, 9; Plin. 33, 5, 26, § 86;

fornaces,

smelting-furnaces, id. 11, 36, 42, § 119:

fabrica,

the preparation of copper, id. 7, 56, 57, § 197 faber, a coppersmith, id. 34, 8, 19, 6, § 61 (also aerarius alone; v. below).—

Of or pertaining to money:

propter aerariam rationem non satis erat in tabulis inspexisse quantum deberetur,

on account of the standard of coin, Cic. Quint. 4:

hinc dicuntur milites aerarii, ab aere quod stipendia facerent,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 181 Müll.: tribunus, who superintended disbursements of the public treasury: aerarii tribuni a tribuendo aere sunt appellati, Paul. ex Fest. p. 2 Müll.;

or, acc. to Varr.: ab eo, quibus attributa erat pecunia, ut militi reddant, tribuni aerarii dicti,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 181 Müll.; v. tribunus.—Hence, subst.: aerārĭus, i, m.

(Sc. faber.) One who works in copper, etc., a coppersmith:

in aerariorum officinis,

Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 23:

aerariorum marculi,

Mart. 12, 57, 6; so Inscr. Orell. 4140.—

(Sc. civis.) A citizen of the lowest class, who paid only a poll-tax (aera pendebat), and had no right of voting. Other citizens, upon the commission of great crimes, were degraded by the censors into this class, and deprived of all previous dignities. (Cf. Gell. 4, 12 and 29; Drak. ad Liv. 24, 18, 6;

Smith's Dict. Antiq., and Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 2, 63 and 452.) Referre aliquem in aerarios,

Cic. Clu. 43. eximere aliquem ex aerariis, id. de Or. 2, 66 ext.; Liv. 24, 18:

omnes, quos senatu moverunt, quibusque equos ademerunt (censores) aerarios fecerunt et tribu moverunt,

id. 42, 10 al. —

aerārĭa, ae, f.

(Sc. fodina, like argentaria and ferraria, Liv. 34, 21:

auraria,

Tac. A. 6, 19 al.) A mine:

multis locis apud eos (sc. Aquitanos) aerariae structuraeque sunt,

Caes. B. G. 3, 21 Herz. —

(Sc. officina.) A smelting or refining house, Varr. L. L. 8, 33.—

(Sc. fornax.) A smelting-furnace, Plin. 34, 13, 33, § 128.—

aerārĭum, i, n. (sc. stabulum), the place in the temple of Saturn at Rome, where the public treasure was kept, the treasury: to tamieion, to koinon: Aerarium sane populus Romanus in aede Saturni habuit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 2 Müll.; cf. Plin. Pan. 92:

referre pecuniam in aerarium,

Cic. Agr. 2, 27 (for which deferre is often used in Liv. q.v.):

dare alicui pecuniam ex aerario,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 70.—Also for the public treasure or finances:

C. Gracchus, cum largitiones maximas fecisset et effudisset aerarium,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 20, 48, Nep. Arist. 3, 1; id. Att. 8.—In the time of the emperors the aerarium (public treasure) was distinguished from fiscus (the wealth of the emperor):

bona Sejani ablata aerario, ut in fisco cogerentur,

Tac. A. 6, 2; Plin. Pan. 36, Suet. Vesp. 16;

v. fiscus. In the treasury the public archives were kept: factum senatus consultum, ne decreta patrum ante diem decimum ad aerarium deferrentur,

Tac. A. 3, 51; cf. id. ib. 13, 28; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Caes. 28;

and also the standards: signa ex aerario prompta,

Liv. 4, 22.—The Quaestores aerarii (under Augustus and his immediate successors the Praetores) presided over the aerarium, with whom the Tribuni aerarii were associated as assistants; cf.

Quaestor and Tribunus.—The aerarium contained also a fund, established after the invasion of Gaul, and augmented by the immense booty acquired in the wars with Carthage, Macedonia, Corinth, etc., as well as by the tribute of the manumissi, which could be used only in cases of extreme public necessity, hence with the epithet sanctius,

Caes. B. C. 1, 24:

aurum vicesimarium, quod in sanctiore aerario ad ultimos casus servaretur, promi placuit,

Liv. 27, 10; cf. Cic. Att. 7, 21; id. Verr. 2, 4, 63 (of the Syracusans). Hence trop., Quint. 10, 3, 3:

aerarium militare, destined by Aug. for defraying the expenses of war,

Tac. A. 1, 78; Suet. Aug. 49; Plin. Pan. 92, 1.

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argentārĭus, a, um, adj. [argentum].

Of or pertaining to silver (cf. argentum, I. A.):

metalla,

silver-mines, Plin. 33, 5, 26, § 86:

plumbum,

a mixture of tin and lead, id. 34, 9, 20, § 95, and 34, 17, 48, §

160: creta,

for polishing silver, tripoli, rottenstone, id. 35, 17, 58, § 199:

faber,

a worker in silver, silver-smith, Dig. 34, 2, 39.—

Of or pertaining to money (cf. argentum, I. B. 2.):

amore pereo et inopiā argentariā,

am dying of love and want of money, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 65; so,

opes,

possessions in money, id. Ep. 5, 2, 7:

auxilium,

pecuniary assistance, id. Ps. 1, 1, 103:

sunt meretrices omnes elecebrae argentariae,

enticers away of money, id. Men. 2, 3, 26:

cura,

care of money, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 3:

taberna,

a banker's stall, bank, Liv. 26, 11; so,

mensa,

a banking-table, Dig. 2, 13, 4 al. —Hence subst. in all genders, like aerarius, harenarius, etc. (only thus in Cic., never as an adj.).

argentārĭus, ii, m.

A money-changer, banker (by whom much business was transacted, since all business transactions were committed to writing by them; cf. Dig. 2, 13, 10), Plaut. As. 1, 1, 103; so id. ib. 1, 1, 113; id. Aul. 3, 5, 53; id. Pers. 3, 3, 29 al.; Cic. Caecin. 6:

argentarii tabulae,

id. ib. 6; Suet. Aug. 2; id. Ner. 5.—

(Sc. faber.) A silver-smith, Vulg. Jud. 17, 4; ib. Sap. 15, 9; ib. Isa. 40, 19:

Demetrius, argentarius faciens aedes argenteas Dianae,

ib. Act. 19, 24; Inscr. Orell. 913; 995; 4146.—

argentārĭa, ae, f. (sc. taberna).

A banking-house, a bank, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 47; so id. ib. 1, 1, 51; id. Ep. 2, 2, 15; Liv. 9, 40; 26, 27; 40, 51.—

(sc. ars.) The vocation or employment of a bank [p. 158] er or broker:

M. Fulcinius, qui Romae argentariam non ignobilem fecit,

Cic. Caecin. 4:

argentariā dissolutā,

after the dissolution, closing up, of the bank, id. ib. 4:

exercere,

Dig. 2, 13, 4:

administrare,

ib. 2, 13, 4.—

(Sc. fodina; cf.: aeraria, harenaria, ferraria, etc.) A silver-mine, Liv. 34, 21; Tac. A. 6, 19 (conj. of Weissenb.).—

argentārĭum, ii, n., a place for keeping silver, a cupboard or safe for plate, Dig. 34, 2, 19, § 8.

Argentārĭus mons.

A promontory on the coast of Etruria, now Monte Argentaro, Rutil. Itin. I. pp. 315-324.—

The part of Mons Orospeda, in which the Bœtis took its rise, so called from its silvermines, Avien. Or. Marit. 291.

argentārĭus, a, um, adj. [argentum].

Of or pertaining to silver (cf. argentum, I. A.):

metalla,

silver-mines, Plin. 33, 5, 26, § 86:

plumbum,

a mixture of tin and lead, id. 34, 9, 20, § 95, and 34, 17, 48, §

160: creta,

for polishing silver, tripoli, rottenstone, id. 35, 17, 58, § 199:

faber,

a worker in silver, silver-smith, Dig. 34, 2, 39.—

Of or pertaining to money (cf. argentum, I. B. 2.):

amore pereo et inopiā argentariā,

am dying of love and want of money, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 65; so,

opes,

possessions in money, id. Ep. 5, 2, 7:

auxilium,

pecuniary assistance, id. Ps. 1, 1, 103:

sunt meretrices omnes elecebrae argentariae,

enticers away of money, id. Men. 2, 3, 26:

cura,

care of money, Ter. Phorm. 5, 7, 3:

taberna,

a banker's stall, bank, Liv. 26, 11; so,

mensa,

a banking-table, Dig. 2, 13, 4 al. —Hence subst. in all genders, like aerarius, harenarius, etc. (only thus in Cic., never as an adj.).

argentārĭus, ii, m.

A money-changer, banker (by whom much business was transacted, since all business transactions were committed to writing by them; cf. Dig. 2, 13, 10), Plaut. As. 1, 1, 103; so id. ib. 1, 1, 113; id. Aul. 3, 5, 53; id. Pers. 3, 3, 29 al.; Cic. Caecin. 6:

argentarii tabulae,

id. ib. 6; Suet. Aug. 2; id. Ner. 5.—

(Sc. faber.) A silver-smith, Vulg. Jud. 17, 4; ib. Sap. 15, 9; ib. Isa. 40, 19:

Demetrius, argentarius faciens aedes argenteas Dianae,

ib. Act. 19, 24; Inscr. Orell. 913; 995; 4146.—

argentārĭa, ae, f. (sc. taberna).

A banking-house, a bank, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 47; so id. ib. 1, 1, 51; id. Ep. 2, 2, 15; Liv. 9, 40; 26, 27; 40, 51.—

(sc. ars.) The vocation or employment of a bank [p. 158] er or broker:

M. Fulcinius, qui Romae argentariam non ignobilem fecit,

Cic. Caecin. 4:

argentariā dissolutā,

after the dissolution, closing up, of the bank, id. ib. 4:

exercere,

Dig. 2, 13, 4:

administrare,

ib. 2, 13, 4.—

(Sc. fodina; cf.: aeraria, harenaria, ferraria, etc.) A silver-mine, Liv. 34, 21; Tac. A. 6, 19 (conj. of Weissenb.).—

argentārĭum, ii, n., a place for keeping silver, a cupboard or safe for plate, Dig. 34, 2, 19, § 8.

Argentārĭus mons.

A promontory on the coast of Etruria, now Monte Argentaro, Rutil. Itin. I. pp. 315-324.—

The part of Mons Orospeda, in which the Bœtis took its rise, so called from its silvermines, Avien. Or. Marit. 291.

artĭfex, fĭcis, m. [ars-facio].

Subst.

1.. One that is master in the liberal arts (while opifex is a master in the artes sordidae; cf. ars, I. B. 1.), an artist, artificer:

illi artifices corporis simulacra ignotis nota faciebant,

Cic. Fam. 5, 12:

reponendarum (tegularum) nemo artifex (i. e. architectus) inire rationem potuit,

Liv. 42, 3:

in armamentario multis talium operum (sc. tormentorum) artificibus de industriā inclusis,

id. 29, 35:

ut aiunt in Graecis artificibus eos auloedos esse, qui citharoedi fieri non potuerint, sic, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 13, 29; cf. Ov. M. 11, 169 al.:

artifices scaenici,

Cic. Arch. 5, 10; id. Quinct. 25; Suet. Caes. 84:

artifex lignorum,

a carpenter, Vulg. 2 Reg. 5, 11; so,

artifex lignarius,

ib. Isa. 44, 13:

artifices lapidum,

masons, ib. 2 Reg. 5, 11:

artifex aerarius,

a worker in bronze, ib. 3 Reg. 7, 14 (often thus used in Vulg. for opifex).—Also absol.:

artifex,

Plaut. Am. prol. 70:

multi artifices ex Graeciā venerunt,

Liv. 39, 22; so id. 5, 1; 5, 7; 5, 2; 41, 20; so Vulg. Exod. 36, 4; ib. Isa. 40, 20; ib. Act. 19, 24 et saep.—So of a charioteer, as in Gr. technitês:

ne hoc gloriae artificis daretur (auriga standing just before),

Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186.—Of a physician, Liv. 5, 3. —Of an orator or writer:

Graeci dicendi artifices et doctores,

Cic. de Or. 1, 6, 23:

cum contra talem artificem (sc. Hortensium oratorem) dicturus essem,

id. Quinct. 24 fin.:

politus scriptor atque artifex,

id. Or. 51, 172. —

Trop., a master in any thing, in doing any thing, etc.:

artifices ad corrumpendum judicium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 71:

artifex callidus comparandarum voluptatum,

id. Fin. 2, 35, 116:

Cotta in ambitione artifex,

Q. Cic. Petit. Cons. 12, 47:

serendae in alios invidiae artifex,

Tac. H. 2, 86 al. —

A maker, originator, author, contriver:

si pulcher est hic mundus, si probus ejus artifex, etc.,

Cic. Tim. 2:

cujus (civitatis) artifex et conditor (est) Deus,

Vulg. Heb. 11, 10:

artifex omnium natura,

Plin. 2, 1, 1, § 3:

si indocta consuetudo tam est artifex suavitatis,

id. Or. 48, 161:

artificem (sc. malorum) mediis immittam Terea flammis,

Ov. M. 6, 615:

vadit ad artificem dirae Polymestora caedis,

id. ib. 13, 551:

sceleris infandi artifex,

Sen. Agam. 975.—Ironic.:

O artificem probum!

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 29.—Also for a sly, cunning contriver, inventor of a thing (cf. ars, II. fin.):

et mihi jam multi crudele canebant Artificis scelus,

Verg. A. 2, 125; 11, 407. —

Adj.

Act., skilled in a thing; skilful, practised, ingenious, dexterous:

Bomilcar et per homines talis negotii artifices itinera explorat,

Sall. J. 35, 5:

miles decollandi artifex,

Suet. Calig. 32:

artifex faber de silvā,

Vulg. Sap. 13, 11:

tam artifices saltationis,

Suet. Tit. 7.—Also of inanimate things:

artifices Natura manus admovit,

Ov. M. 15, 218:

Tellus artifices ne terat Osca manus,

Prop. 5, 2, 62:

artifex, ut ita dicam, stilus,

Cic. Brut. 25, 95:

mobilitas ignea artifex ad formanda corpora,

Plin. 6, 30, 35, § 187:

vir tam artificis ingenii,

id. 8, 16, 21, § 55 al. — Poet. with inf.:

venter, negatas artifex sequi voces,

Pers. prol. 11.—

Pass., skilfully prepared or made, artistic, artificial, ingenious:

quattuor artifices vivida signa boves,

Prop. 3, 29, 8:

tantae tamque artifices argutiae,

Plin. 10, 29, 4, § 85:

artifex dimicatio,

id. 8, 40, 61, § 150:

motus,

Quint. 9, 4, 8:

manus libratur artifici temperamento,

Plin. 12, 25, 54, §

115: artifex vultus,

Pers. 5, 40:

plaga,

Sol. 35 al. — Poet. of a horse, broken, trained, Ov. A. A. 3, 556.

censor, ōris, m. [1. censeo; cf. also Umbr. censtur; Sanscr. canster, leader, governor], a censor, a Roman magistrate, of whom there were two, chosen orig. every five, and afterwards every one and a half years, who at first only had the charge of the Roman people and their property, in respect to their division according to rank or circumstances; but gradually came to the exercise of the office of censor of morals and conduct, and punished the moral or political crimes of those of higher rank by consigning them to a lower order (senatu movebant, equiti equum adimebant, civem tribu movebant, in aerarios referebant, aerarium faciebant, etc.; cf aerarius, A. b., which punishment of the censor, whether inflicted in consequence of a judicium turpe, acc. to a tribunal authorized therefor, or in accordance with the decision of the censors themselves, was called animadversio censoria or ignominia = atimia). They also, even from the most ancient times, let out the tolls, public saltworks, the building and repairing of public works, the procuring of victims for public sacrifice, etc.; cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7; Liv. 4, 8, 7; Nieb. Röm. Gesch. 2, p. 446 sq.;

Dict. of Antiq., art. censor.—Also in the Roman colonies and provinces there were censors,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131; and id. ib. 2, 2, 56, §

138 sq.: censor,

id. Clu. 14, 41; Liv. 29, 15, 10; 29, 37, 7 (in later Lat. called censitor, q. v.).—

Trop., a rigid judge of morals, a censurer, critic:

pertristis quidam patruus, censor, magister,

Cic. Cael. 11, 25:

castigator censorque minorum,

Hor. A. P. 174:

cum tabulis animum censoris sumet honesti,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 110; Ov. P. 4, 12, 25:

factorum dictorumque,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 20, 4:

servis erilis imperii non censor est, sed minister,

id. Exc. Contr. 3, 9, 4:

Sallustius gravissimus alienae luxuriae objurgator et censor,

Macr. S. 2, 9, 9.—As fem.:

ita fides prompta dura sui censor est,

Ambros. Ep. 10, 83.