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1 sanctorius
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2 Sanctorius, Santorio
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 29 March 1561 Capodistria, Italy (now Koper, Slovenia)d. 22 February 1636 Venice, Italy[br]Italian physician, founder of quantitative measurement in medicine.[br]Sanctorius graduated in Padua in 1582 and became Professor of Theoretical Medicine there in 1611. In 1629 he moved to Venice and devoted himself to scientific study. The first to use a thermometer to measure body temperature, he also invented a pulsimeter, a hygrometer, a water-bed and numerous other instruments. By constructing scales in which he was able to live, he was able to make measurements of changes in weight in daily living (see Floyer), including what he described as "insensible perspiration", or basal metabolism.[br]Bibliography1614, Ars de station medicina.1625, Commentaria in primam fen primi libri canonis, Avicenna.Further ReadingA.Castiglioni, 1947, History of Medicine, London.MG -
3 Floyer, Sir John
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 3 March 1649 Hints, Warwickshire, Englandd. 1734 Lichfield, Staffordshire, England[br]English physician, pioneer in the measurement of pulse and respiration rate.[br]The younger son of a landed Midlands family, Floyer embarked on medical studies at Oxford at the age of 15 and graduated in 1674. He returned to Lichfield where he resided and practised, as well as being acquainted with the family of Samuel Johnson, for the remainder of a long life. Described by a later biographer as "fantastic, whimsical, pretentious, research-minded and nebulous", he none the less, as his various medical writings testify, became a pioneer in several fields of medical endeavour. It seems likely that he was well aware of the teachings of Sanctorius in relation to measurement in medicine and he probably had a copy of Sanctorius's weighing-machine made and put to use in Lichfield.He also embarked on extensive studies relating to pulse, respiration rate, temperature, barometric readings and even latitude. Initially he used the minute hand of a pendulum clock or a navigational minute glass. He then commissioned from Samuel Watson, a London watch-and clockmaker, a physicians' pulse watch incorporating a second-hand and a stop mechanism. In 1707 and 1710 he published a massive work, dedicated to Queen Anne, that emphasized the value of the accurate measurement of pulse rates in health and disease.His other interests included studies of blood pressure, asthma, and the medical value of cold bathing. It is of interest that it was at his suggestion that the young Samuel Johnson was taken to London to receive the Royal Touch, from Queen Anne, for scrofula.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1686.Bibliography1707–10, The Physicians Pulse Watch, 2 vols, London.Further ReadingD.D.Gibb, 1969, 'Sir John Floyer, M.D. (1649–1734), British Medical Journal.MG -
4 Medical technology
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Chamberlen, Peter (the elder)Fabricius, HieronymusLister, JosephMarton, Ladislaus -
5 Wunderlich, Karl August Reinhold
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 4 August 1815 Sulz am Neckar, BadenWürttemberg, Germanyd. 25 September 1877 Leipzig, Saxony, Germany[br]German physician who developed the clinical thermometer and studied variations of body temperature in health and disease.[br]Although Sanctorius had taken measurements of body temperature and indeed advocated detailed quantitative bio-measurement, the concept of fever as a disease sui generis still held sway during the early eighteenth century. Wunderlich, in his practice at Leipzig, demonstrated that fever was merely a symptom, however variable its presentation. It has been said that "he found fever a disease and left it a symptom".[br]Bibliography1848, Das Verhalten des Eigenw arme in Krankheiten, Leipzig; translated and expanded as On the Temperature in Disease: A Manual of Medical Thermometry, London, 1871.MGBiographical history of technology > Wunderlich, Karl August Reinhold
См. также в других словарях:
Sanctorĭus — Sanctorĭus, s. Santorio … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Sanctorius — Infobox Scientist name = Sanctorius box width = image width =150px caption = Engraving of Sanctorius of Padua birth date = March 29 1561 birth place = Koper death date = February 22 1636 death place = Venice residence = citizenship = nationality … Wikipedia
Sanctorius — Santorio Santorio Santorio Santorio (latinisiert Sanctorius; * 29. März 1561 Capodistria, Istrien; † 22. Februar 1636 in Venedig) war italienischer Mediziner, der als erster systematische Stoffwechselforschungen durchführte. Santorio war… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Sanctorius — Sanc·to·ri·us (sank toґre əs) [It. Santorio Santorio, 1561–1636] an Italian physician, professor of medicine at Padua, who devised several instruments of precision (e.g., a clinical thermometer and a pulse clock), and made quantitative… … Medical dictionary
Santorio Santorio — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Santorio Santorio Nacimiento … Wikipedia Español
Santorio Santorio — Portrait de Santorio Santorio. Santorio Santorio (Capodistria 1561 Venise 1636), également appelé Santorio Santorii, Sanctorius de Padoue, Santorre Santario ou une combinaison de ces dénominations, est un médecin italien, célèbre pour ses… … Wikipédia en Français
Santorre Santario — Santorio Santorio Portrait de Santorio Santorio. Santorio Santorio (1561 1636), également appelé Santorio Santorii, Sanctorius de Padoue, Santorre Santario ou une combinaison de ces dénominations, est un médecin italien, célèbre pour ses… … Wikipédia en Français
PHYSIOLOGIE — Aristote avait nommé «physiologues» les philosophes grecs présocratiques qui avaient proposé une explication générale de la nature des choses par le recours à quelque élément fondamental (eau, air, feu) ou à quelque composition d’éléments. De là … Encyclopédie Universelle
Санторио Санторио — (Santorio) (латинизир. Санкториус, Sanctorius) (1561 1636), итальянский врач, физиолог и анатом, представитель ятрофизики. Одним из первых применил экспериментальный метод исследования и математическую обработку данных. Изобрёл ряд приборов.… … Энциклопедический словарь
Historia de la medicina — La historia de la medicina es la rama de la historia dedicada al estudio de los conocimientos y prácticas médicas a lo largo del tiempo. Desde sus orígenes, el ser humano ha tratado de explicarse la realidad y los acontecimientos trascendentales… … Wikipedia Español
САНТОРИО (Santorio) Санторио — (латинизированное Санкториус Sanctorius) (1561 1636), итальянский врач, физиолог и анатом, представитель ятрофизики (ятромеханики). Одним из первых применил экспериментальный метод исследования и математическую обработку данных. Изобрел ряд… … Большой Энциклопедический словарь