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1 Jews
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2 Jews Mallow Fibre
The fibres obtained from the stem of the Corchorus Olitorius, a native of India. They are obtained by retting and washing, and used for ropes and cords. Jews mallow is also called pot herb and is a member of the jute family. -
3 Jews Against The Occupation
Religion: JATOУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Jews Against The Occupation
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4 Jews For Judaism
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5 Jews For Judaism, Inc.
Non-profit-making organization: JFJIУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Jews For Judaism, Inc.
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6 Jews Harp Guild
Music: JHG -
7 International Fellowship of Christians and Jews
Non-profit-making organization: IFCJУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > International Fellowship of Christians and Jews
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8 National Conference of Christians and Jews
Abbreviation: NCCJУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > National Conference of Christians and Jews
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9 The Wandering Jews
Religion: TWJУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > The Wandering Jews
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10 Union of Councils for Jews in the Former Soviet Union
Non-profit-making organization: UCSJУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Union of Councils for Jews in the Former Soviet Union
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11 World Congress of the Jews From Egypt
Religion: WCJEУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > World Congress of the Jews From Egypt
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12 World Federation of Polish Jews
Religion: WFPJУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > World Federation of Polish Jews
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13 רחמנים בני רחמנים
Jews, merciful people -
14 евреи
Jews имя существительное: -
15 Judenverfolgung
f persecution of the Jews* * *Ju|den|ver|fol|gungfpersecution of( the) Jews* * *Ju·den·ver·fol·gungf HIST persecution of [the] Jews* * *die persecution of [the] Jews* * *Judenverfolgung f persecution of the Jews* * *die persecution of [the] Jews* * *f.persecution of the Jews n. -
16 Judentum
n; -s, kein Pl.1. das Judentum Judaism* * *das Judentumjewry; jewishness; Judaism* * *Ju|den|tum ['juːdntuːm]nt -s,no pl1) (= Judaismus) Judaism2) (= Gesamtheit der Juden) Jews pl, Jewry3) (= jüdisches Wesen) Jewishness* * *Ju·den·tum<-s>2. (jüdische Wesensart) Jewishness* * *das; Judentums1) (Volk) Jewry; Jews pl.das gesamte Judentum — the whole of Jewry
2) (Kultur u. Religion) Judaism* * *1.das Judentum Judaismdas moderne etcJudentum modern etc Jewry* * *das; Judentums1) (Volk) Jewry; Jews pl.2) (Kultur u. Religion) Judaism* * *n.Jewishness n.Jewry n.Judaism n.Zionism n. -
17 Ἰουδαῖος
Ἰουδαῖος, αία, αῖον (Clearchus, the pupil of Aristotle, Fgm. 6 [in Jos., C. Ap. 1, 179]; Theophr., Fgm. 151 W. [WJaeger, Diokles v. Karystos ’38, 134–53: Theophrastus and the earliest Gk. report concerning the Judeans or Jews]; Hecataeus of Abdera [300 B.C.]: 264 Fgm. 25, 28, 2a Jac. [in Diod S 1, 28, 2] al.; Polyb.; Diod S; Strabo; Plut.; Epict. 1, 11, 12f, al.; Appian, Syr. 50 §252f, Mithrid. 106 §498, Bell. Civ. 2, 90 §380; Artem. 4, 24 p. 217, 13; Diog. L. 1, 9; OGI 73, 4; 74, 3; 726, 8; CIG 3418; CB I/2, 538 no. 399b τ. νόμον τῶν Εἰουδέων [on Ἰ. in ins s. RKraemer, HTR 82, ’89, 35–53]; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 55; 56 [both III B.C.]; 57 [II B.C.]; BGU 1079, 25 [41 A.D.]; PFay 123, 16 [100 A.D.]; POxy 1189, 9; LXX; TestSol; AscIs 2:7; EpArist; SibOr; Philo, Joseph., Ar., Just., Tat. For a variety of synonyms s. Schürer III 87–91.). Gener. as description of ‘one who identifies with beliefs, rites, and customs of adherents of Israel’s Mosaic and prophetic tradition’ (the standard term in the Mishnah is ‘Israelite’). (Since the term ‘Judaism’ suggests a monolithic entity that fails to take account of the many varieties of thought and social expression associated with such adherents, the calque or loanword ‘Judean’ is used in this and other entries where Ἰ. is treated. Complicating the semantic problem is the existence side by side of persons who had genealogy on their side and those who became proselytes [on the latter cp. Cass. Dio 37, 17, 1; 67, 14, 2; 68, 1, 2]; also of adherents of Moses who recognized Jesus as Messiah [s. Gal 2:13 in 2d below; s. also 2eα] and those who did not do so. Incalculable harm has been caused by simply glossing Ἰ. with ‘Jew’, for many readers or auditors of Bible translations do not practice the historical judgment necessary to distinguish between circumstances and events of an ancient time and contemporary ethnic-religious-social realities, with the result that anti-Judaism in the modern sense of the term is needlessly fostered through biblical texts.)① pert. to being Judean (Jewish), with focus on adherence to Mosaic tradition, Judean, as a real adj. (Philo, In Flacc. 29; Jos., Ant. 10, 265) ἀνὴρ Ἰ. (1 Macc 2:23; 14:33) Judean Ac 10:28; 22:3. ἄνθρωπος 21:39. ἀρχιερεύς 19:14. ψευδοπροφήτης 13:6. ἐξορκισταί 19:13. γυνή (Jos., Ant. 11, 185) 16:1. χώρα Mk 1:5.—But γῆ J 3:22 is to be taken of Judea in the narrower sense (s. Ἰουδαία 1), and means the Judean countryside in contrast to the capital city. Of Drusilla, described as οὔσα Ἰουδαία being Judean or Jewish, but for the view that Ἰ. is here a noun s. 2b.② one who is Judean (Jewish), with focus on adherence to Mosaic tradition, a Judean, Ἰουδαῖος as noun (so predom.). Since Jerusalem sets the standard for fidelity to Israel’s tradition, and since Jerusalem is located in Judea, Ἰ. frequently suggests conformity to Israel’s ancestral belief and practice. In turn, the geographical name provided outsiders with a term that applied to all, including followers of Jesus, who practiced customs variously associated with Judea (note the Roman perception Ac 18:15 [‘Judeans’ at Corinth]; 23:28).ⓐ (ὁ) Ἰ. Judean (w. respect to birth, nationality, or cult) J 3:25; (Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 57, 5 [II B.C.] παρʼ Ἰουδαίου=from a Judean) 4:9; 18:35; Ac 18:2, 24; 19:34; Ro 1:16; 2:9f, 17, 28f (on the ‘genuine’ Judean cp. Epict. 2, 9, 20f τῷ ὄντι Ἰουδαῖος … λόγῳ μὲν Ἰουδαῖοι, ἔργῳ δʼ ἄλλο τι); 10:12; Gal 2:14; 3:28; Col 3:11.—Collective sing. (Thu. 6, 78, 1 ὁ Ἀθηναῖος, ὁ Συρακόσιος; EpArist 13 ὁ Πέρσης; B-D-F §139; Rob. 408) Ro 3:1.ⓑ of Drusilla οὔσα Ἰουδαία being a Judean Ac 24:24, but for the simple adjectival sense s. 1 end.ⓒ (οἱ) Ἰουδαῖοι (on the use of the art. B-D-F §262, 1; 3) the Judeans οἱ Φαρισαῖοι κ. πάντες οἱ Ἰ. Mk 7:3; τὸ πάσχα τῶν Ἰ. J 2:13; cp. 5:1; 6:4; 7:2; ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰ. (Appian, Mithrid. 117 §573 Ἰουδαίων βασιλεὺς Ἀριστόβουλος) Mt 2:2; 27:11, 29 (in these three last pass., Ἰ. is used by non-Israelites; Mt’s preferred term is Ἰσραήλ); Mk 15:2 and oft. πόλις τῶν Ἰ. Lk 23:51; ἔθνος τῶν Ἰ. Ac 10:22; λαὸς τῶν Ἰ. 12:11. χώρα τῶν Ἰ. 10:39 (Just., A I, 34, 2; cp. A I, 32, 4 ἡ γῆ Ἰουδαίων). ἄρχων τῶν Ἰ. J 3:1; συναγωγὴ τῶν Ἰ. Ac 14:1a. Cp. J 2:6; 4:22; 18:20. Ἰ. καὶ Ἕλληνες (on the combination of the two words s. B-D-F §444, 2: w. τε … καί) Judeans and Hellenes Ac 14:1b; 18:4; 19:10; 20:21; 1 Cor 1:24; 10:32; 12:13; PtK 2 p. 15, 7; ἔθνη τε καὶ Ἰ.= non-Judeans and Judeans Ac 14:5; cp. ISm 1:2. Ἰ. τε καὶ προσήλυτοι Judeans and proselytes Ac 2:11; cp. 13:43; οἱ κατὰ τὰ ἔθνη Ἰ. the Judeans who live among the nations (in the Diaspora) 21:21. Judeans and non-Judeans as persecutors of Christians MPol 12:2; cp. also 13:1; 17:2; 18:1; 1 Th 2:14 (Polytheists, Jews, and Christians Ar. 2, 1).—Dg 1.—Without the art. (cp. 19:3 φαρισαῖοι) Mt 28:15, suggesting that not all ‘Judeans’ are meant, and without ref. to Israel, or Jews, as an entity.ⓓ a Mosaic adherent who identifies with Jesus Christ Judean Gal 2:13; cp. Ac 21:20 and eα below. On Rv 2:9; 3:9 s. Mussies 195.ⓔ in J Ἰουδαῖοι or ‘Judeans’ for the most part (for exceptions s. a and c) constitute two groupsα. those who in various degrees identify with Jesus and his teaching J 8:52; 10:19–21; 11:45; 12:11 al.β. those who are in opposition to Jesus, with special focus on hostility emanating from leaders in Jerusalem, center of Israelite belief and cult; there is no indication that John uses the term in the general ethnic sense suggested in modern use of the word ‘Jew’, which covers diversities of belief and practice that were not envisaged by biblical writers, who concern themselves with intra-Judean (intra-Israelite) differences and conflicts: 1:19; 2:18, 20; 5:10, 15f; 6:41, 52 (a debate); 7:1, 11, 13; 9:18, 22; 10:24, 31, 33 (in contrast to the πολλοί from ‘beyond the Jordan’, 10:40–42, who are certainly Israelites) 11:8; 13:33; 18:14. S. Hdb. exc. on J 1:19 and, fr. another viewpoint, JBelser, TQ 84, 1902, 265ff; WLütgert, Heinrici Festschr. 1914, 147ff, Schlatter Festschr. 1922, 137–48; GBoccaccini, Multiple Judaisms: BRev XI/1 ’95, 38–41, 46.—J 18:20 affirms that Jesus did not engage in sectarian activity. Further on anti-Judean feeling in J, s. EGraesser, NTS 11, ’64, 74–90; DHare, RSR, July, ’76, 15–22 (lit.); Hdb. exc. on J 1:19; BHHW II 906–11, 901f, 905.—LFeldman, Jew and Gentile in the Ancient World ’93.—MLowe, Who Were the Ἰουδαῖοι?: NovT 18, ’76, 101–30; idem Ἰουδαῖοι of the Apocrypha [NT]: NovT 23, ’81, 56–90; UvonWahlde, The Johannine ‘Jews’—A Critical Survey: NTS 28, ’82, 33–60; JAshton, ibid. 27, ’85, 40–75 (J).—For impact of Ἰουδαῖοι on gentiles s. ESmallwood, The Jews under Roman Rule fr. Pompey to Diocletian ’81; SCohen, Crossing the Boundary and Becoming a Jew: HTR 82, ’89, 13–33; PvanderHorst, NedTTs 43, ’89, 106–21 (c. 200 A.D.); PSchäfer, Judeophobia, Attitudes toward the Jews in the Ancient World ’97.—On the whole word s. Ἱσραήλ end. For Ἰουδαῖοι in ins s. SEG XXXIX, 1839. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
18 aljama
1 (reunión - mora) Moorish assembly; (- judía) Jewish assembly2 (barrio - mora) Moorish quarter; (- judía) Jewish quarter3 (mezquita) mosque; (sinagoga) synagogue* * *SF( Hist)1) (=barrio) [de moros] Moorish quarter; [de judíos] Jewish quarter, ghetto2) (=mezquita) mosque; (=sinagoga) synagogue3) (=reunión) [de moros] gathering of Moors; [de judíos] gathering of Jews* * *a) ( barrio - de moros) Moorish quarter; (- de judíos) Jewish quarterc) ( reunión) gathering ( of Moors or Jews)* * *a) ( barrio - de moros) Moorish quarter; (- de judíos) Jewish quarterc) ( reunión) gathering ( of Moors or Jews)* * *2 (mezquita) mosque; (sinagoga) synagogue3 (reunión) gathering ( of Moors or Jews)* * *aljama nfHist1. [sinagoga] synagogue;[mezquita] mosque2. [barrio] [judío] Jewish quarter;[árabe] Moorish quarter3. [comunidad] = self-governing community of Moors or Jews under Christian rule -
19 New Christians
Term applied to Portuguese of Jewish descent who had been converted to Christianity after the 1496 expulsion of Jews law of King Manuel I. Jews had settled in Portugal since the early years of the monarchy, and by the late 15th century, a significant minority of Jews was dominant in agriculture, medicine, crafts, finance, and government. Part of King Manuel's marriage contract with a Spanish princess decreed the expulsion of Jews in Portugal, following what had occurred in Spain in 1492. Those persons who had converted to Christianity after the 1496 expulsion law in order to avoid having to leave Portugal were termed "New Christians" (Cristãos-Novos) to distinguish them from "Old Christians," the remainder of the Christian population. For centuries thereafter, New Christians suffered persecution and discrimination in Portugal, both at the hands of the Inquisition (after 1536) and from other sectors of society. It was not until the laws passed by the Marquis de Pombal regime in the 1770s that official discrimination in holding public office in Portugal was ended in the case of the New Christians. Some New Christians only formally adopted Catholicism and as "Crypto-Jews" practiced corrupted forms of Judaic belief in remote provincial towns such as Belmonte, in Beira Alta province. Such practices continued into the 20th century -
20 В-131
ВОТ ВИДИШЬ (-те)! coll indep. sent these forms only) used to emphasize the correctness of a statement, prediction etc made earlier by the speakerthere you arethere you have it there, you see (you) see! (in limited contexts) I told you so! what did I tell you! (when the statement, prediction etc is repeated after the idiom) I told you...«Ну что ж, - сказал Киров, - если есть необходимость, поеду (в Казахстан)». — «Необходимость есть, ты это сам хорошо понимаешь, да и потом, - Сталин показал на листки конспекта по истории, - эта работа, я вижу, тебя не слишком увлекает, так ведь?» - «Да, это так, - подтвердил Киров, -какой я историк...» - «Вот видишь!» (Рыбаков 2). "Well, if it's necessary," Kirov said, "I'll go (to Kazakhstan)." "It is necessary, as you well know. And anyway,"-Stalin nodded at the notes on the history project—"you don't seem terribly taken with this work. Am I right?" "Yes, you're right," Kirov confirmed. "I'm no historian...." "Well, there you are!" (2a).«...Друзья у тебя все были евреи». - «Как так все? Кто, например?» - «Тот же Тимофеев хотя бы. Или Москвин». - «Да не евреи же они!» - «Евреи», - неколебимо сказал Митишатьев. «Сдурел я, что ли! - вдруг спохватился Лёва. - А хоть бы и евреи, мне-то что?» - «Вот видишь...» - удовлетворённо сказал Митишатьев (Битов 2). "...All your friends were Jews." "What do you mean, all? Who, for example?" "Timofeev, for one. Or Moskvin." "But they're not Jews!" "They're Jews," Mitishatyev said unshakably. "How stupid can I be!" Lyova said, suddenly remembering. "Even if they are Jews, what do I care?" "There, you see," Mitishatyev said with satisfaction (2a).
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