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ἔσχατος

  • 1 ἔσχατος

    ἔσχατος, η, ον (Hom.+) gener. ‘last’
    ① pert. to being at the farthest boundary of an area, farthest, last ὁ ἔσχατος τόπος, perh. to be understood locally of the place in the farthest corner Lk 14:9f (but s. 2 below).—Subst. τὸ ἔσχατον the end (schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1515a p. 319, 19 εἰς τὸ ἔσχατον τῆς νήσου; PTebt 68, 54 [II B.C.] of a document) ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς to the end of the earth (Is 48:20; 62:11; 1 Macc 3:9; PsSol 1:4; εἰς τὸ ἔ. τῆς γῆς TestSol 7:6 D) Ac 1:8 (CBurchard, D. Dreizehnte Zeuge, ’70, 134 n. 309; EEllis, ‘The End of the Earth’, Acts 1:8: Bulletin for Biblical Research 1, ’91, 123–32, tr. of his text in: Der Treue Gottes Trauen, Beiträge … für Gerhard Schneider, ed. CBussmann and WRadl ’91, 277–86 [Luke wrote in mid-60’s and Paul reached Gades in Spain]; BBecking, 573–76); 13:47; B 14:8 (the two last Is 49:6). Pl. (Hes., Theog. 731 and an oracle in Hdt. 7, 140 ἔσχατα γαίης; X., Vect. 1, 6; Diod S 1, 60, 5; Ael. Aristid. 35, 14 K.=9 p. 103 D.: ἔσχ. γῆς; Crates, Ep. 31 and Demosth., Ep. 4, 7 ἐπʼ ἔσχατα γῆς) τὰ ἔ. τῆς γῆς the ends of the earth 1 Cl 28:3 (Theocr. 15, 8; schol. on Apollon. Rhod. 2, 413–18b. With εἰς before it Ps 138:9).
    ② pert. to being the final item in a series, least, last in time
    ⓐ coming last or the last of someth. that is left w. ref. to its relation with someth. preceding Mt 20:12, 14; Mk 12:6, 22; J 8:9 v.l. Opp. πρῶτος (2 Ch 9:29 al.; Sir 24:28; 41:3): ἀπὸ τῶν ἐ. ἕως τῶν πρώτων Mt 20:8; cp. 27:64; 1 Cor 15:45 (ἔ. also the later of two, as Dt 24:3f ἔ. … πρότερος; hence 1 Cor 15:47 replaced by δεύτερος). Cp. Mt 21:31 v.l. ὁ. ἔ. the latter. Of things τὰ ἔσχατα Rv 2:19; Hv 1, 4, 2. τὰ ἔσχατα (in contrast to τὰ πρῶτα as Job 8:7; TestSol 26:8) the last state Mt 12:45; Lk 11:26; 2 Pt 2:20. Of the creation in the last days ποιῶ τ. ἔσχατα ὡς τ. πρῶτα (apocryphal quot.; cp. Hippolytus, Comm. on Daniel 4:37) B 6:13.
    ⓑ w. ref. to a situation in which there is nothing to follow the ἔ. (Diod S 19, 59, 6 κρίσιν ἐσχάτην τῆς περὶ Δημήτριον βασιλείας=the last [final] crisis in the reign of Demetrius; TestAbr B 3 p. 108, 3 [Stone p. 64] ἐσχατός μού ἐστιν): ἡ ἐ. ἡμέρα τ. ἑορτῆς (cp. 2 Esdr 18:18) J 7:37. τὴν ἐ. ἡμέραν τῆς ζωῆς Hv 3, 12, 2; ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ αὐτοῦ ἡμέρᾳ in the last days of his life GJs 1:3 (cp. ApcEsd 7:10 ὥσπερ καὶ τὰ ἔσχατα τοῦ Ἰωσήφ). ὁ ἔ. κοδράντης (cp. 2 Esdr 15:15) Mt 5:26; Lk 12:59 v.l.; D 1:5; cp. 1 Cor 15:26, 52; Rv 15:1; 21:9. τὴν … ἐ. ῥάβδον GJs 9:1. τὰ ἔ. ῥήματα the last words (of a speech) Hv 1, 3, 3. As a self-designation of the Risen Lord ὁ πρῶτος καὶ ὁ ἒ. the first and the last Rv 1:17; 2:8; 22:13. Esp. of the last days, which are sometimes thought of as beginning w. the birth of Christ, somet. w. his second coming ἡ ἐ. ἡμέρα the last day (PViereck, Sermo Gr., quo senatus pop. Rom. magistratusque … usi sunt 1888 ins 29, 9 [116 B.C.] εἰς ἐσχάτην ἡμέραν=forever) J 6:39f, 44, 54; 11:24; 12:48 (ApcMos 41; BAebert, D. Eschatol. des J, diss. Bres. ’36); Hv 2, 2, 5. Pl. (Is 2:2) Ac 2:17; 2 Ti 3:1; Js 5:3; D 16:3; B 4:9. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τῶν ἡμερῶν τούτων (Num 24:14; Jer 23:20; 25:19) in these last days Hb 1:2. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων τ. ἡμερῶν (Hos 3:5; Jer 37:24; Ezk 38:16) 2 Pt 3:3 (cp. ἐπʼ ἐσχάτων χρόνων 1 Pt 1:20 v.l.); 2 Cl 14:2; B 12:9; 16:5; Hs 9, 12, 3; GJs 7:2.—ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τοῦ χρόνου Jd 18; ἐπʼ ἐσχάτου τ. χρόνων 1 Pt 1:20.—ἔ. καιρός vs. 5; D 16:2. Pl. (TestIss 6:1 ἐν ἐσχάτοις καιροῖς) IEph 11:1. ἐπʼ ἐ. [κα]ι̣ρ̣[ῶ]ν̣ AcPl Ha 8, 25 (Ox 1602, 39f reads ἐπʼ ἐ̣|σ̣χάτῳ τῶν καιρῶν, cp. BMM recto 33; ApcMos 13).—ἐ. ὥρα (Teles p. 17, 5) 1J 2:18.—The neut. ἔσχατον as adv. finally (SIG 1219, 11 [III B.C.]; POxy 886, 21; Num 31:2; Pr 29:21; Tat. 35, 1) ἔ. πάντων last of all Mk 12:22; 1 Cor 15:8 (PJones, TynBull 36, ’85, 3–34). S. lit. s.v. παρουσία.
    ③ pert. to furthest extremity in rank, value, or situation, last: last, least, most insignificant (opp. πρῶτος as Hierocles 23 p. 468: a human is ἔσχατος μὲν τῶν ἄνω, πρῶτος δὲ τῶν κάτω): (οἱ) πρῶτοι ἔσχατοι καὶ (οἱ) ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι Mt 19:30; 20:16; Mk 9:35 (πάντων ἔσχατος as Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 77 §322); 10:31; Lk 13:30; Ox 654, 25 (restored); 26 (=ASyn. 256, 55; GTh 4; Fitzmyer, Oxy. p. 523). τὸν ἔ. τόπον κατέχειν take the poorest place (in this sense the ἔ. τόπος would be contrasted with the ἐνδοξότερος, as Diog. L. 2, 73) Lk 14:9; cp. vs. 10 (but s. 1 above). Of the apostles, whom God has exhibited as the least among humans, by the misfortunes they have suffered (Diod S 8, 18, 3 the ἔσχατοι are the people living in the most extreme misery; Dio Chrys. 21 [38], 37 the tyrants treat you as ἐσχάτους; Cass. Dio 42, 5, 5 Πομπήιος … καθάπερ τις τῶν Αἰγυπτίων ἔσχατος) 1 Cor 4:9. ἔ. τῶν πιστῶν IEph 21:2; cp. ITr 13:1; IRo 9:2; ISm 11:1. Of a very hazardous situation extreme εἰ … ἔ. κίνδυνον in extreme danger AcPl Ha 4, 15f (cp. Just., D. 46, 7 ὑπομένομεν τὰ ἐ. τιμωρία).—In a positive sense, utmost, finest εὐλόγησον αὐτὴν ἐσχάτην εὐλογίαν bless her with the ultimate blessing GJs 6:2 (s. de Strycker ad loc.; cp. Just., D. 32, 1 τῇ ἐ. κατάρᾳ w. the worst curse).—B. 940. Cp. τελευταῖο Schmidt Syn. IV 524–34. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἔσχατος

  • 2 έσχατος

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc nom sg

    Morphologia Graeca > έσχατος

  • 3 ἔσχατος

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc nom sg

    Morphologia Graeca > ἔσχατος

  • 4 ἔσχατος

    Grammatical information: adj.
    Meaning: `the uttermost, last' (Il.).
    Compounds: Rarely in compp. like ἐσχατό-γηρως (- ος) `in the last age' (hell.), παρ-έσχατος `the last but one' (Ph.).
    Derivatives: ἐσχατιά, - ιή `uttermost part, frontier, extreme position' (Ion.Hes., Att.; cf. Scheller Oxytonierung 81f. (Tenos; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 9); poet. enlargement ἐσχάτιος (Nic.). Denomin. verbs. ἐσχατάω `be the uttermost, the last', only in ptc. ἐσχατάων, - όων (Il.; cf. Shipp Studies 62). ἐσχατεύω `id.' (Arist.). ἐσχατίζω `come too late' (LXX).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292] *h₁eǵʰs `out'
    Etymology: Adjectival deriv. of ἐξ, but in detail unclear. The opposite ἔγ-κατα, to ἐν, presupposes a formation *ἔξ-κατος; the tenuis aspirata χ then requires as protoform *ἔχσ-κατος, what seems to give for ἐξ an IE basis *eǵʰs; but note in older alphabets the notation χσ = ξ (Schwyzer 210), which suggests aspiration of a velar before σ. - The suffix - κατος would have a velar element (cf. πρό-κα, Lat. reci-pro-cus; *ἐχσ-κο- `what is outside') and a dental ( μέσ(σ)-ατος, τρίτ-ατος a. o.). Wackernagel KZ 33, 40f. = Kl. Schr. 1, 719f., Leumann Hom. Wörter 158 n. 1. On the phonetics also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 29ff.
    Page in Frisk: 1,578

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔσχατος

  • 5 ἔσχατος

    ἔσχᾰτος (-ον; -ων, -οις: -ας; -αις（ιν); - ον nom., acc.)
    a the end of, limit of

    ὅσαις δὲ βροτὸν ἔθνος ἀγλαίαις ἁπτόμεσθα, περαίνει πρὸς ἔσχατον πλόον P. 10.28

    κιόνων ὕπερ Ἡρακλέος ἥρως θεὸς ἃς ἔθηκε ναυτιλίας ἐσχάτας μάρτυρας κλυτούς N. 3.22

    Αἰγυπτίαν Μένδητα, πὰρ κρημνὸν θαλάσσας ἔσχατον Νείλου κέρας (join with κέρας) fr. 201. 2.
    b extreme, i. e. supreme

    ὅστις ἁμιλλᾶται πέρι ἐσχάτων ἀέθλων κορυφαῖς N. 10.32

    ἀνορέαις δ' ἐσχάταισιν οἴκοθεν στάλαισιν ἅπτονθ Ἡρακλείαις I. 4.11

    προμάχων ἀν' ὅμιλον, ἔνθ ἄριστοι ἔσχον πολέμοιο νεῖκος ἐσχάταις ἐπίσιν I. 7.36

    c final, at the last ἁ δ' Ψμέναιον (sc. ὕμνει), ὃν ἐν γάμοισι χροιζόμενον [Μοῖρα] σύμπρωτον λάβεν, ἐσχάτοις ὕμνοισιν (Hermann, Schneidewin: ἔσχατον ὕμνον cod.: i. e. at the end of his life, opp. to σύμπρωτον) Θρ. 3. 9.
    d subs., summit, crown

    τὸ δ' ἔσχατον κορυφοῦται βασιλεῦσι O. 1.113

    Lexicon to Pindar > ἔσχατος

  • 6 ἔσχατος

    ἔσχᾰτος, η, ον, also ος, ον Arat.625 (prob. fr. ἐκ, ἐξ, perh. eĝhz κατος (cf. ἐχθός)
    A like ἔγ-κατα):
    I of Space, as always in Hom., farthest, uttermost, extreme, θάλαμος ἔ. the hindmost chamber, Od.21.9 ;

    ἔσχατοι ἄλλων

     at the end of the lines,

    Il.10.434

    , cf.8.225 ; ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν, of the Aethiopians, Od.1.23 ;

    οἰκέομεν..ἔσχατοι 6.205

     ;

    ἐσχάτη τῶν οἰκεομένων ἡ Ἰνδική Hdt.3.106

    , cf. Th.2.96, etc.;

    τὸ ἔ. τῆς ἀγορᾶς X.HG3.3.5

     ;

    ὑπ'..ἐσχάτην στήλην S.El. 720

     ; τάξις ἐ. the farthest part of the army, Id.Aj.4 : pl.,

    ἔσχατα γαίης Hes.Th. 731

     ;

    τὰ ἔ. τῶν στρατοπέδων Th.4.96

     ;

    ἐπ' ἔσχατα χθονός S.Fr. 956

     ;

    αἱ ἐπ' ἔσχατα τοῦ ἄστεως οἰκίαι Th.8.95

     ; ἐξ ἐσχάτων ἐς ἔσχατα ἀπικέσθαι from end to end, Hdt.7.100, cf. X.Vect.1.6 ;

    παρ' ἔσχατα λίμνης Pl.Phd. 113b

    , cf. Th.3.106:—in various senses, uppermost,

    ἐ. πυρά S.El. 900

     ; lowest, deepest,

    ἀΐδας Theoc.16.52

     ;

    ἅλς AP13.27

     (Phal.) ; innermost,

    σάρκες S.Tr. 1053

     ; last, hindmost,

    ἤλαυνε δ' ἔ. Id.El. 734

     ; ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳ at the close of a document, PTeb.68.54 (ii B.C.), etc.
    2 of Degree, uttermost, highest,

    τὸ ἔ. κορυφοῦται βασιλεῦσι Pi.O.1.113

     ;

    ἀνορέαι ἔ. Id.I.4(3).11

     ;

    σοφία Lib.Or.59.88

     ; of misfortunes, sufferings, etc., utmost, last, worst, πόνος, ἀδικία, κίνδυνοι, Pl.Phdr. 247b, R. 361a, Grg. 511d ;

    ὀδύναι αἱ ἔ. Id.Prt. 354b

     ; δῆμος ἔ. extreme democracy, Arist.Pol. 1296a2.
    b Subst., τὸ ἔ., τὰ ἔ., the utmost,

    ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ ἀπιγμένοι Hdt.8.52

     ;

    τετρῦσθαι ἐς τὸ ἔ. κακοῦ Id.1.22

     ; without Art.,

    ἐπ' ἔσχατα βαίνεις S. OC 217

     (lyr.) ;

    προβᾶσ' ἐπ' ἔσχατον θράσους Id.Ant. 853

     (lyr.) ;

    ἐπ' ἔ. ἐλθεῖν ἀηδίας Pl.Phdr. 240d

    , cf. R. 361d, etc.;

    ὃ πάντων κακῶν ἔσχατόν ἐστι, τοῦτο πάσχει Id.Phd. 83c

     ;

    οἱ τὰ ἔ. πεποιηκότες X.Cyr.8.8.2

     ; ζημιοῦσθαι πᾶσι τοῖς ἐ., Lat. extremis suppliciis, Pl.Plt. 297e ; ἔσχατ' ἐσχάτων κακά worst of possible evils, S.Ph.65, cf. Philem.178 ;

    εἰς τὰ ἔ. ἐληλυθώς UPZ60.12

     (ii B.C.) : [comp] Comp.

    οὔτε γὰρ τοῦ ἐσχάτου -ώτερον εἴη ἄν τι Arist.Metaph. 1055a20

     : [comp] Sup. - ώτατος f.l. in X.HG2.3.49, cf. Phryn.51 ;

    τὰ -ώτατα Phld.Hom.p.320

    .
    3 of Persons, lowest, meanest, D.S.8.18, D.C.42.5, Alciphr.3.43 : prov., οὐδείς, οὐδ' ὁ Μυσῶν ἔ., i.e. the meanest of mankind, Magnes 5, cf. Philem.77 ; in Pl.Tht. 209b it seems to mean the remotest of mankind, cf. πρὸς ἐσχάτην Μυσῶν v.l. in App.Prov.2.85 (

    παρὰ τοῖς ἐ. τῆς Μυσίας Apostol.8.1

    ); similarly

    οὐδὲ τὸν ἔσχατον Καρῶν Plu.2.871b

    .
    4 of Time, last, ἐς τὸ ἔ. to the end, Hdt.7.107, Th.3.46; ἔ. πλόος, ναυτιλίαι, the end of it, Pi.P.10.28, N.3.22 ; ἐσχάτας ὑπὲρ ῥίζας over the last scion of the race, S.Ant. 599 (lyr.); ἔ. Ἑλλήνων, Ῥωμαίων, Plu.Phil.1, Brut.44 : neut. ἔσχατον, as Adv., for the last time, S.OC 1550 ; finally, best of all, 1 Ep.Cor.15.8; at the latest,

    ἔ. ἐν τρισὶ μησίν SIG1219.11

     (Gambreion, iii B. C.), cf. Inscr.Prien.4.45 (iv B. C.); εἰς τὴν ἐσχάτην at the last, LXXEc.1.11 ; ἐπ' ἐσχάτῳ ib.2 Ki.24.25, al.: Subst. ἐσχάτη, ἡ, end,

    οὐχ ἕξεις ἐ. καλήν Astramps.Orac.21.4

    , cf. 40.3.
    5 in the Logic of Arist., τὰ ἔ. are the last or lowest species, Metaph.1059b26, or individuals, ib.998b16, cf. AP0.96b12, al.;

    τὸ ἔ. ἄτομον Metaph.1058b10

    .
    b ὁ ἔ. ὅρος the minor term of a syllogism, EN1147b14.
    c last step in geom. analysis or ultimate condition of action,

    τὸ ἔ. ἀρχὴ τῆς πράξεως de An.433a16

    .
    II Adv. - τως to the uttermost, exceedingly,

    πῦρ ἐ. καίει Hp. de Arte8

    ;

    ἐ. διαμάχεσθαι Arist.HA 613a11

     ;

    ἐ. φιλοπόλεμος X.An.2.6.1

     ;

    φοβοῦμαί σ' ἐ. Men.912

    , cf. Epicur.Ep. 1p.31U.
    b - τως διακεῖσθαι to be at the last extremity, Plb.1.24.2, D.S.18.48 ;

    ἔχειν Ev.Marc.5.23

     ;

    ἀπορεῖν Phld.Oec.p.72J.

    2 so ἐς τὸ ἔ.,=ἐσχάτως, Hdt.7.229;

    εἰς τὰ ἔ. X.HG5.4.33

     ;

    εἰς τὰ ἔ. μάλα Id.Lac.1.2

     ;

    τὸ ἔ.

     finally, in the end,

    Pl.Grg. 473c

     ; but, τὸ ἔ. what is worst of all, ib. 508d.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἔσχατος

  • 7 ἔσχατος

    ἔσχατος (ἐξ): furthest, remotest, extremest, last, only of place; of the Aethiopians, ἔσχατοι ἀνδρῶν, Od. 1.23, cf. 24; ἔσχατοι ἄλλων, ‘outside of the others,’ Il. 10.434; neut. pl. as adv., ἔσχατα, at the outside, at the ends, Il. 8.225, Il. 11.8.

    A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἔσχατος

  • 8 ἔσχατος

    -η,-ον + A 21-22-37-42-32=154 Gn 33,2; 49,1; Ex 4,8; Lv 23,16; 27,18
    local sense: last Gn 33,2; farthest, uttermost, extreme Dt 34,2
    temporal sense: last 2 Chr 16,11; final (day) in the rendering of the stereotyped expression הימים באחרית
    Hos 3,5
    εἰς τὴν ἐσχάτην at the last (time) Eccl 1,11; ἀπ᾽ ἐσχάτου βορρᾶ from the furthest north Ez 38,6
    *1 Kgs 9,26 ἐσχάτης farthest (sea)-ףוֹס(ים־) for MT ףוּס(ים־) (sea) of reeds; *Jer
    9,1 ἔσχατον most remote (lodging)-אחרון for MT ארחים (a lodging of) travellers; *Jon 2,6 ἐσχάτη lowest (depth)-ףוֹס for MT ףוּס (sea)weed; *Jb 8,13 τὰ ἔσχατα the ends-אחרית for MT ארחות paths
    Cf. LARCHER 1983, 250; LE BOULLUEC 1989, 97-98; →NIDNTT; TWNT

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ἔσχατος

  • 9 έσχατος

    1) dire
    2) ultimate

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > έσχατος

  • 10 έσχατ'

    ἔσχατα, ἔσχατος
    farthest: neut nom /voc /acc pl
    ἔσχατε, ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc voc sg
    ἔσχαται, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem nom /voc pl
    ἔσχᾱτο, σχάω
    slit open so as to let something escape: plup ind mp 3rd sg (doric aeolic)
    ἔσχᾱται, σχάω
    slit open so as to let something escape: perf ind mp 3rd sg (doric aeolic)

    Morphologia Graeca > έσχατ'

  • 11 ἔσχατ'

    ἔσχατα, ἔσχατος
    farthest: neut nom /voc /acc pl
    ἔσχατε, ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc voc sg
    ἔσχαται, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem nom /voc pl
    ἔσχᾱτο, σχάω
    slit open so as to let something escape: plup ind mp 3rd sg (doric aeolic)
    ἔσχᾱται, σχάω
    slit open so as to let something escape: perf ind mp 3rd sg (doric aeolic)

    Morphologia Graeca > ἔσχατ'

  • 12 εσχατώτερον

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: adverbial comp
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc acc comp sg
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg

    Morphologia Graeca > εσχατώτερον

  • 13 ἐσχατώτερον

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: adverbial comp
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc acc comp sg
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg

    Morphologia Graeca > ἐσχατώτερον

  • 14 εσχάτω

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc /neut nom /voc /acc dual
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc /neut gen sg (doric aeolic)
    ——————
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc /neut dat sg

    Morphologia Graeca > εσχάτω

  • 15 πρῶτος

    πρῶτος, η, ον (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.).
    ① pert. to being first in a sequence, inclusive of time, set (number), or space, first of several, but also when only two persons or things are involved (=πρότερος; exx. in Hdb. on J 1:15; Rdm.2 71f; Thackeray 183; s. also Mlt. 79; 245; B-D-F §62; Rob. 516; 662; and s. Mt 21:31 v.l.).
    ⓐ of time first, earliest, earlier
    α. as adj. ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης ἡμέρας ἄχρι τοῦ νῦν Phil 1:5; cp. Ac 20:18 (on the absence of the art. [also Phil 1:5 v.l.] s. B-D-F §256; Rob. 793). ἡ πρώτη ἀπολογία 2 Ti 4:16 (MMeinertz, Worauf bezieht sich die πρώτη ἀπολογία 2 Ti 4:16?: Biblica 4, 1923, 390–94). ἡ πρ. διαθήκη Hb 9:15. τὰ πρῶτα ἔργα Rv 2:5. ἡ ἀνάστασις ἡ πρώτη 20:5f. ἡ πρώτη ὅρασις Hv 3, 10, 3; 3, 11, 2; 4. ἡ ἐκκλησία ἡ πρ. 2 Cl 14:1.—Subst. τὰ πρ. … τὰ ἔσχατα (Job 8:7): γίνεται τὰ ἔσχατα χείρονα τῶν πρώτων Mt 12:45; cp. Lk 11:26; 2 Pt 2:20; Hv 1, 4, 2. οἱ πρῶτοι (those who came earlier, as Artem. 2, 9 p. 93, 19 those who appeared earlier) Mt 20:10; cp. vs. 8. ἀπέστειλεν ἄλλους δούλους πλείονας τῶν πρώτων 21:36. Cp. 27:64. πρῶτος ἐξ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν the first to rise from the dead Ac 26:23. ὁ πρῶτος the first one J 5:4; 1 Cor 14:30. On the self-designation of the Risen Lord ὁ πρ. καὶ ὁ ἔσχατος Rv 1:17; 2:8; 22:13; s. ἔσχατος 2b (πρ. of God: Is 44:6; 48:12).—As a predicate adj., where an adv. can be used in English (ParJer 1:8 εἰ μὴ ἐγὼ πρῶτος ἀνοίξω τὰς πύλας; B-D-F §243; Rob. 657), as the first one = first ἦλθεν πρῶτος he was the first one to come = he came first J 20:4; cp. vs. 8. πρῶτος Μωϋσῆς λέγει Ro 10:19. Ἀβραὰμ πρῶτος περιτομὴν δούς Abraham was the first to practice circumcision B 9:7. οἱ ἄγγελοι οἱ πρῶτοι κτισθέντες the angels who were created first Hv 3, 4, 1; Hs 5, 5, 3.—1 Ti 2:13; 1J 4:19; AcPlCor 2:9.—ἐν ἐμοὶ πρώτῳ in me as the first 1 Ti 1:16.—Used w. a gen. of comparison (Ocelus Luc. 3 ἐκεῖνο πρῶτον τοῦ παντός ἐστιν=prior to the All; Manetho 1, 329; Athen. 14, 28 p. 630c codd.) πρῶτός μου ἦν he was earlier than I = before me J 1:15, 30 (PGM 13, 543 σοῦ πρῶτός εἰμι.—Also Ep. 12 of Apollonius of Tyana: Philostrat. I p. 348, 30 τὸ τῇ τάξει δεύτερον οὐδέποτε τῇ φύσει πρῶτον). So perh. also ἐμὲ πρῶτον ὑμῶν μεμίσηκεν 15:18 (s. β below) and πάντων πρώτη ἐκτίσθη Hv 2, 4, 1.—As a rule the later element is of the same general nature as the one that precedes it. But it can also be someth. quite different, even its exact opposite: τὴν πρώτην πίστιν ἠθέτησαν 1 Ti 5:12. τὴν ἀγάπην σου τὴν πρώτην ἀφῆκες Rv 2:4.—Used elliptically ἡ πρώτη (i.e. ἡμέρα sim. Polyb. 5, 19, 1; 18, 27, 2 τῇ πρώτῃ) τῶν ἀζύμων Mt 26:17. πρώτῃ σαββάτου on the first day of the week Mk 16:9. In some of the passages mentioned above the idea of sequence could be predom.
    β. the neuter πρῶτον as adv., of time first, in the first place, before, earlier, to begin with (Peripl. Eryth. 4; Chariton 8, 2, 4; ApcEsdr 3:11; Just., D. 2, 4) πρῶτον πάντων first of all Hv 5:5a. ἐπίτρεψόν μοι πρῶτον ἀπελθεῖν καὶ θάψαι let me first go and bury Mt 8:21. συλλέξατε πρῶτον τὰ ζιζάνια gather the weeds first 13:30. Cp. 17:10, 11 v.l.; Mk 7:27; 9:11f; 13:10; Lk 9:59, 61; 12:1 ( first Jesus speaks to his disciples, and only then [vs. 15] to the people. If one prefers to take πρ. w. what follows, as is poss., it has mng. 2a); 14:28, 31; J 7:51; 18:13; Ac 26:20; Ro 15:24 al. in NT; B 15:7; Hv 3, 1, 8; 3, 6, 7; 3, 8, 11; 5:5b. τότε πρῶτον then for the first time Ac 11:26 D. πρῶτον … καὶ τότε first … and then (Sir 11:7; Jos., Ant. 13, 187) Mt 5:24; 7:5; 12:29; Mk 3:27; Lk 6:42; IEph 7:2. τότε is correlative w. πρῶτον without καί J 2:10 v.l. Likew. πρῶτον … εἶτα (εἶτεν) first … then (Just., D. 33, 2 al.; s. εἶτα 1) Mk 4:28; 1 Ti 3:10; B 6:17. πρῶτον … ἔπειτα (ἔπειτα 2) 1 Cor 15:46; 1 Th 4:16. πρῶτον … μετὰ ταῦτα Mk 16:9, s. vs. 12. πρῶτον … εἶτα … μετὰ ταῦτα 1 Cl 23:4; 2 Cl 11:3 (in both cases the same prophetic saying of unknown origin). πρῶτον … ἐν τῷ δευτέρῳ Ac 7:12.—Pleonastically πρῶτον πρὸ τοῦ ἀρίστου Lk 11:38.—W. gen. (Chariton 5, 4, 9 cod. πρῶτον τ. λόγων=before it comes to words) ἐμὲ πρῶτον ὑμῶν μεμίσηκεν it hated me before ( it hated) you J 15:18 (but s. 1aα).—W. the art. τὸ πρῶτον (Hom. et al.; Jos., Ant. 8, 402; 14, 205) the first time J 10:40; 19:39; at first (Diod S 1, 85, 2; Jos., Ant. 2, 340) 12:16; 2 Cl 9:5. τὰ πρῶτα (Hom. et al.; Appian, Syr. 15 §64; Ps.-Phoc. 8) the first time, at first MPol 8:2.
    ⓑ of number or sequence (the area within which this sense is valid cannot be marked off w. certainty from the area 1aα)
    α. as adj. Mt 21:28; 22:25; Mk 12:20; Lk 14:18; 16:5; 19:16; 20:29; J 19:32; Ac 12:10; 13:33 v.l.; Rv 4:7; 8:7; 21:19; Hs 9, 1, 5. τὸ πρῶτον … τὸ δεύτερον (Alex. Aphr., An. p. 28, 9 Br.) Hb 10:9. On πρώτης τῆς μερίδος Μακεδονίας πόλις Ac 16:12 s. μερίς 1 and RAscough, NTS 44, ’98, 93–103.—Since πρῶτος can stand for πρότερος (s. 1 at beg.; also Mlt-Turner 32), it by no means follows from τὸν μὲν πρῶτον λόγον Ac 1:1 that the writer of Luke and of Ac must have planned to write a third book (Zahn, NKZ 28, 1917, 373ff, Comm. 1919, 16ff holds that he planned to write a third volume; against this view s. EGoodspeed, Introd. to the NT ’37, 189; Haenchen, et al.—Athenaeus 15, 701c mentions the first of Clearchus’ two books on proverbs with the words ἐν τῷ προτέρῳ περὶ παροιμιῶν, but 10, 457c with ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ περὶ παροιμιῶν. Diod S 1, 42, 1 the first half of a two-part work is called ἡ πρώτη βίβλος and 3, 1, 1 mentions a division into πρώτη and δευτέρα βίβ. In 13, 103, 3 the designation for the first of two works varies between ἡ πρώτη σύνταξις and ἡ προτέρα ς. See Haenchen on Ac 1:1).—πρῶτος is also used without any thought that the series must continue: τὸν πρῶτον ἰχθύν the very first fish Mt 17:27. αὕτη ἀπογραφὴ πρώτη ἐγένετο Lk 2:2, likewise, does not look forward in the direction of additional censuses, but back to a time when there were none at all (Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 227 D. παράκλησις αὕτη [=challenge to a sea-fight] πρώτη ἐγένετο; for interpolation theory s. JWinandy, RB 104, ’97, 372–77; cp. BPearson, CBQ, ’99, 262--82).—τὰ τείχη τὰ πρῶτα Hs 8, 6, 6 does not contrast the ‘first walls’ w. other walls; rather it distinguishes the only walls in the picture (Hs 8, 7, 3; 8, 8, 3) as one edifice, from the tower as the other edifice.
    β. adv., the neuter πρῶτον of sequence in enumerations (not always clearly distinguished fr. sense 1aβ) first πρῶτον ἀποστόλους, δεύτερον προφήτας, τρίτον … 1 Cor 12:28 (Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 20 II, 10ff [II A.D.] τὸ πρ. … τὸ δεύτερον … τὸ τρίτον. Without the art. 480, 12ff [II A.D.]; Diod S 36, 7, 3; Tat. 40, 1). See Hb 7:2; Js 3:17.—Not infrequently Paul begins w. πρῶτον μέν without continuing the series, at least in form (B-D-F §447, 4; Rob. 1152. For πρ. without continuation s. Plat., Ep. 7, 337b, Plut., Mor. 87b; Jos., Ant. 1, 182; Ath. 27, 1 πρῶτα μέν) Ro 1:8; 3:2; 1 Cor 11:18. S. also 2 Cl 3:1.
    ⓒ of space outer, anterior σκηνὴ ἡ πρώτη the outer tent, i.e. the holy place Hb 9:2; cp. vss. 6, 8.
    ② pert. to prominence, first, foremost, most important, most prominent
    ⓐ adj.
    α. of things (Ocellus [II B.C.] 56 Harder [1926] πρώτη κ. μεγίστη φυλακή; Ael. Aristid. 23, 43 K.=42 p. 783 D.: πόλεις; Ezk 27:22; PsSol 17:43; χρυσίον τὸ πρῶτον τίμιον; JosAs 15:10) ἡ μεγάλη καὶ πρώτη ἐντολή Mt 22:38; cp. Mk 12:29. ἐντολὴ πρώτη πάντων vs. 28 (OLehmann, TU 73, ’59, 557–61 [rabb.]; CBurchard, ZNW 61, ’70, cites JosAs 15:10; 18:5). Without superl. force ἐντολὴ πρώτη ἐν ἐπαγγελίᾳ a commandment of great importance, with a promise attached Eph 6:2 (the usual transl. ‘first commandment w. a promise’ [NRSV, REB et al.] loses sight of the fact that Ex 20:4–6=Dt 5:8–10 has an implied promise of the same kind as the one in Ex 20:12=Dt 5:16. πρ. here is best taken in the same sense as in Mk 12:29 above). στολὴν τὴν πρώτην the special robe Lk 15:22 (JosAs 15:10).—ἐν πρώτοις among the first = most important things, i.e. as of first importance 1 Cor 15:3 (Pla., Pol. 522c ὸ̔ καὶ παντὶ ἐν πρώτοις ἀνάγκη μανθάνειν; Epict., Ench. 20; Mitt-Wilck I/2, 14 II, 9 ἐν πρώτοις ἐρωτῶ σε; Josh 9:2d).
    β. of persons (Dio Chrys. 19 [36], 35 πρ. καὶ μέγιστος θεός; TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 18 [Stone p. 64]; ApcSed 5:2; Jos., Ant. 15, 398; Just., A I, 60, 5 al. τὸν πρῶτον θεόν) ὸ̔ς ἂν θέλῃ ἐν ὑμῖν εἶναι πρῶτος whoever wishes to be the first among you Mt 20:27; Mk 10:44; cp. 9:35. πρῶτος Σίμων Mt 10:2 is not meant to indicate the position of Simon in the list, since no other numbers follow, but to single him out as the most prominent of the twelve. W. gen. ὧν (=τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν) πρῶτός εἰμι 1 Ti 1:15. Pl. (οἱ) πρῶτοι in contrast to (οἱ) ἔσχατοι Mt 19:30; 20:16; Mk 9:35; 10:31; Lk 13:30; Ox 654, 25f (cp. GTh 4; sim. Sallust. 9 p. 16, 21f τοῖς ἐσχάτοις … τοῖς πρώτοις; s. ἔσχατος 2).—αἱ πρώται prominent women (in the phrase γυναικῶν τε τῶν πρώτων οὐκ ὀλίγαι) Ac 17:4 (s. New Docs 1, 72). οἱ πρῶτοι the most prominent men, the leading men w. gen. of place (Jos., Ant. 7, 230 τῆς χώρας) οἱ πρ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mk 6:21; cp. Ac 13:50 (in phrasing sim. to πολλὰς μὲν γυναῖκας εὐγενεῖς καὶ τῶν πρώτων ἀνδρῶν ἤισχυναν=‘they dishonored many well-born women as well as men of high station’ Theopomp.: 115 Fgm. 121 Jac. p. 563, 33f), or of a group (Strabo 13, 2, 3 οἱ πρ. τῶν φίλων; Jos., Ant. 20, 180) οἱ πρ. τοῦ λαοῦ (Jos., Ant. 11, 141) Lk 19:47; cp. Ac 25:2; 28:17. On ὁ πρῶτος τῆς νήσου vs. 7 (πρῶτος Μελιταίων IGR I, 512=IG XIV, 601; cp. CB I/2, 642 no. 535 ὁ πρῶτος ἐν τῇ πόλει; p. 660 no. 616; SEG XLI, 1345, 14f; cp. CIL X, 7495, 1; s. Hemer, Acts 153, n. 152; Warnecke, Romfahrt 119ff) s. Πόπλιος.
    ⓑ adv. πρῶτον of degree in the first place, above all, especially (Jos., Ant. 10, 213) ζητεῖτε πρῶτον τὴν βασιλείαν Mt 6:33. Ἰουδαίῳ τε πρῶτον καὶ Ἕλληνι Ro 1:16; cp. 2:9f.—Ac 3:26; 2 Pt 1:20; 3:3. Of the Macedonian Christians ἑαυτοὺς ἔδωκαν πρῶτον τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ ἡμῖν they gave themselves first of all to the Lord, and (then) to us 2 Cor 8:5. παρακαλῶ πρῶτον πάντων first of all I urge 1 Ti 2:1.—B. 939. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πρῶτος

  • 16 έσχατον

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc acc sg
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: neut nom /voc /acc sg

    Morphologia Graeca > έσχατον

  • 17 ἔσχατον

    ἔσχατος
    farthest: masc acc sg
    ἔσχατος
    farthest: neut nom /voc /acc sg

    Morphologia Graeca > ἔσχατον

  • 18 εσχατωτέρα

    ἐσχατωτέρᾱ, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem nom /voc /acc comp dual
    ἐσχατωτέρᾱ, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem nom /voc comp sg (attic doric aeolic)

    Morphologia Graeca > εσχατωτέρα

  • 19 ἐσχατωτέρα

    ἐσχατωτέρᾱ, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem nom /voc /acc comp dual
    ἐσχατωτέρᾱ, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem nom /voc comp sg (attic doric aeolic)

    Morphologia Graeca > ἐσχατωτέρα

  • 20 εσχατωτέρας

    ἐσχατωτέρᾱς, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem acc comp pl
    ἐσχατωτέρᾱς, ἔσχατος
    farthest: fem gen comp sg (attic doric aeolic)

    Morphologia Graeca > εσχατωτέρας

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См. также в других словарях:

  • ἔσχατος — farthest masc nom sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • έσχατος — η, ο (ΑΜ ἔσχατος, η, ον Α και ἔσχατος, ον) 1. (για τόπους) ο πιο απομακρυσμένος, ο απώτατος, αυτός που βρίσκεται στο ακρότατο σημείο, ο τελευταίος («ἔσχατος θάλαμος», Ομ. Οδ.) 2. (για πρόσ.) χειρότερος, κατώτερος («ο έσχατος τών μαθητών») 3.… …   Dictionary of Greek

  • έσχατος — η, ο 1. ο τελευταίος, ο πιο μακρινός: Έσχατο όριο. 2. ο κατώτερος, ο χειρότερος …   Νέο ερμηνευτικό λεξικό της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας (Новый толковании словарь современного греческого)

  • ἐσχατώτερον — ἔσχατος farthest adverbial comp ἔσχατος farthest masc acc comp sg ἔσχατος farthest neut nom/voc/acc comp sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐσχατώτατον — ἔσχατος farthest masc acc superl sg ἔσχατος farthest neut nom/voc/acc superl sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐσχάτω — ἔσχατος farthest masc/neut nom/voc/acc dual ἔσχατος farthest masc/neut gen sg (doric aeolic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐσχάτων — ἔσχατος farthest fem gen pl ἔσχατος farthest masc/neut gen pl ἐσχατάω to be at the edge imperf ind act 3rd pl (homeric ionic) ἐσχατάω to be at the edge imperf ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐσχάτως — ἔσχατος farthest adverbial ἔσχατος farthest masc acc pl (doric) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἔσχατον — ἔσχατος farthest masc acc sg ἔσχατος farthest neut nom/voc/acc sg …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐσχατωτέρους — ἔσχατος farthest masc acc comp pl …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

  • ἐσχατέων — ἔσχατος farthest masc/fem gen pl (epic ionic) ἐσχατάω to be at the edge pres part act masc nom sg (epic doric ionic aeolic) …   Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)

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