-
21 couch
1. noun(sofa) Couch, die2. transitive verb* * *I noun(a type of sofa for sitting or lying on: The doctor asked him to lie on the couch.) die Couch- academic.ru/16537/couch_potato">couch potatoII verb* * *couch1[kaʊtʃ]I. n<pl -es>psychiatrist's \couch Psychologencouch fII. vt▪ to \couch sth etw formulierenthis form is all \couched in legal terminology dieses Formular besteht nur aus juristischen Formulierungenhe \couched his criticism in tactful phrases er fasste seine Kritik in taktvolle Sätzecouch2[ku:tʃ, kaʊtʃ]* * *[kaʊtʃ]1. nSofa nt; (= studio couch) Schlafcouch f; (= doctor's couch) Liege f; (= psychiatrist's couch) Couch f; (poet, = bed) Lager nt2. vt2) (= lower) spear, lance anlegen3. vi (literlion, cat etc) lauern, auf der Lauer liegen* * *couch1 [kaʊtʃ]A s2. poet Bett n3. Lager(stätte) n(f)4. JAGD obs Lager n, Versteck n (von Wild)5. TECH Grund(schicht) m(f), Grundierung f, erster Anstrich (von Farbe, Leim etc)B v/this refusal was couched in rather unfriendly terms seine Ablehnung war ziemlich unfreundlich formuliert2. die Lanze senken, einlegen3. couch o.s. sich niederlegen:be couched liegen6. MEDa) den Star stechenb) jemandem den Star stechen7. obsa) einbettenb) verbergenC v/i1. ruhen, liegen2. sich (zur Ruhe) hinlegen3. obs sich ducken, kauern4. obs lauern* * *1. noun(sofa) Couch, die2. transitive verb* * *n.Liege -n f.Sofa -s n. -
22 equivocal
adjective1) (ambiguous) zweideutig2) (questionable) zweifelhaft* * *equivo·cal[ɪˈkwɪvəkəl]1. (ambiguous) zweideutig, doppeldeutig\equivocal meaning unklare Bedeutung2. (questionable) fragwürdig, zweifelhaftto place sb in an \equivocal position jdn in ein zweifelhaftes Licht rücken* * *[I'kwIvəkəl]adj (form)1) (= ambiguous, vague) reply, response zweideutig; statement, comment unklar, vage; position unklar, unbestimmt; results, research unklar; evidence nicht schlüssighe was more equivocal — er drückte sich unklarer aus
public opinion is equivocal about it — die öffentliche Meinung ist darüber geteilt
* * *equivocal [ıˈkwıvəkl] adj (adv equivocally)1. zweideutig, doppelsinnig2. unbestimmt, ungewiss, zweifelhaft, fraglich:equivocal success zweifelhafter Erfolg3. fragwürdig, verdächtig* * *adjective1) (ambiguous) zweideutig2) (questionable) zweifelhaft* * *adj.mehrdeutig adj.zweideutig adj. -
23 term
tə:m 1. noun1) (a (usually limited) period of time: a term of imprisonment; a term of office.) periode, åremål2) (a division of a school or university year: the autumn term.) termin, semester3) (a word or expression: Myopia is a medical term for short-sightedness.) faguttrykk, vending•- terms2. verb(to name or call: That kind of painting is termed `abstract'.)- in terms offrist--------periode--------semester--------terminIsubst. \/tɜːm\/1) tid, periode2) ( skolevesen eller universitet) termin, semester3) ( jus) rettstermin, sesjon4) ( om betaling) termin, betalingstid, betalingstermin, forfallsdato5) (om lån, forsikring e.l.) løpetid6) ( om fødsel) termin, normal nedkomsttid7) term, betegnelse8) ( matematikk og logikk) term, ledd9) (arkitektur, romersk antikk) term, terminus, grensestein10) ( gammeldags eller litterært) grense, slutt, mål11) ( mest i flertall) betingelse, (betalings)vilkår, pris12) ( mest i flertall) ord, ordelag, vending, uttrykksmåtebe on good terms with være på god fot med, ha et godt forhold tilbe on the best of terms with ha det beste forhold tilbe on terms of intimacy with ha et (erotisk) forhold tilbring to terms bringe til fornuftcome to terms with komme til en overenskomst med, komme overens med finne seg i, aksepterefor the term of (one's) life på livstid, hele livetin general terms i generelle vendingerin no uncertain terms i utvetydige ordelag\/vendinger, med all ønskelig\/mulig tydelighetin terms of something hva angår noe, når det gjelder noe, uttrykt i noe, forvandlet til noe, i form av noein terms of the highest praise i høyst berømmende ordelagin the long term i det lange løp, på lang sikton easy terms på fordelaktige vilkår, med fordelaktige vilkår på avbetalingon equal\/level terms på like vilkår, som likemennpart on the best of terms skilles som de beste vennerset a term to something sette en grense for noeterm of office embetstid, embetsperiode, valgperiodeterm of payment betalingstermin, betalingstid forfallsdatoterm of reproach nedsettende uttrykk, skjellsordterm's rent kvartalsleieterms of reference oppgitt ramme, mandatterms of trade handelsbetingelserIIverb \/tɜːm\/benevne, betegne, kalle -
24 ought
[ɔːt]1) (expressing probability, expectation)••Note:In virtually all cases, ought is translated by the conditional tense of dovere: you ought to go now = dovresti andartene adesso; they ought to arrive tomorrow = dovrebbero arrivare domani. - The past ought to have done / seen etc is translated by the past conditional of dovere: he ought to have been more polite = avrebbe dovuto essere più gentile. For further examples, including negative sentences, see the entry below. - The Italian verb dovere is irregular; for its conjugation see the Italian verb tables* * *[o:t]negative short form - oughtn't; verb1) (used to indicate duty; should: You ought to help them; He oughtn't to have done that.) dovere2) (used to indicate something that one could reasonably expect; should: He ought to have been able to do it.) dovere* * *I [ɔːt] nSee:aughtII [ɔːt]modal aux vb ought pt1)I ought to do it — dovrei farlo2)you ought to go and see it — dovresti andare a vederlo, faresti bene ad andarlo a vedere3)that ought to be enough — quello dovrebbe bastarehe ought to have arrived by now — dovrebbe essere arrivato, ormai
* * *[ɔːt]1) (expressing probability, expectation)••Note:In virtually all cases, ought is translated by the conditional tense of dovere: you ought to go now = dovresti andartene adesso; they ought to arrive tomorrow = dovrebbero arrivare domani. - The past ought to have done / seen etc is translated by the past conditional of dovere: he ought to have been more polite = avrebbe dovuto essere più gentile. For further examples, including negative sentences, see the entry below. - The Italian verb dovere is irregular; for its conjugation see the Italian verb tables -
25 some *****
[sʌm]1. adj1)some tea/water/biscuits/girls — del tè/dell'acqua/dei biscotti/delle ragazzeI have some books — ho qualche libro or alcuni libri
there's some milk in the fridge — c'è un po' del latte in frigo
there were some people outside — c'era della gente fuori
he asked me some questions about the accident — mi ha fatto qualche domanda or alcune domande or delle domande sull'incidente
have some tea/ice-cream — prendi un po' di tè/gelato
if you have some time to spare — se hai un po' di tempo a disposizione
2) (certain: in contrast) certo (-a), alcuni (-e) pl3) (vague, indeterminate) un (-a) certo (-a), qualchesome politician or other — un qualche uomo politico
some other time! — sarà per un'altra volta!
4)it took some courage to do that — ci è voluto un bel coraggio per farlo5)(emphatic: a few, a little)
that's SOME consolation! — questo è già qualcosa!there's still SOME petrol in the tank — c'è ancora un po' di benzina nel serbatoio
6)(
fam: intensive) that's some fish! — questo sì che è un pesce!2. pron1) (a certain number) alcuni (-e) pl, certi (-e) plsome of them are crazy — alcuni di loro sono pazzi
2) (a certain amount) un po'some more — prendine ancora un po'some! — prendine un po'!some of the book — ho letto parte del librosome of what he said was true — parte di ciò che ha detto era vero
some of it was left — ne è rimasto un po'
3. adv -
26 misty
adjectiveneb[e]lig, dunstig [Tag, Morgen]; in Nebel od. Dunst gehüllt [Berg, Hügel]* * *adjective nebelig* * *[ˈmɪsti]1. (slightly foggy) [leicht] neblig, dunstig2. (blurred) undeutlich, verschwommen\misty eyes verschleierte Augen3. (vague) nebelhaft* * *['mIstɪ]adj (+er)1) day, morning neblig; (= hazy) dunstig; mountain peaks in Nebel gehüllt; colour gedeckt; (= fine) rain feinmisty weather — Nebelwetter nt, Nebel
a misty view of the valley — ein Blick auf das (nebel)verhangene or dunstige Tal
2) (fig: blurred) form, figure, memory verschwommenher eyes grew misty, a misty look came into her eyes — ihr Blick verschleierte sich
misty-eyed, with misty eyes — mit verschleiertem Blick
* * *misty [ˈmıstı] adj (adv mistily)1. (leicht) neb(e)lig, dunstig:misty rain Nebelregen mher eyes grew misty ihr Blick verschleierte sich3. beschlagen (Glas)4. fig unklar, verschwommen (Vorstellung etc):* * *adjectiveneb[e]lig, dunstig [Tag, Morgen]; in Nebel od. Dunst gehüllt [Berg, Hügel]* * *adj.nebelhaft adj.neblig adj. -
27 shadowy
adjective1) (not distinct) schattenhaft; schemenhaft (geh.)2) (full of shade) schattig* * *1) (full of shadows: shadowy corners.) dunkel2) (dark and indistinct: A shadowy figure went past.) schattenhaft* * *shad·owy[ˈʃædəʊi, AM -oʊi]\shadowy figure schemenhafte Figur; ( fig) rätselhaftes WesenKing Arthur is a somewhat \shadowy figure König Artus ist historisch nicht recht fassbar\shadowy outline Schattenriss m\shadowy photograph verblasste Fotografie2. (dubious) zweifelhaft, fragwürdig* * *['ʃdəʊɪ]adjschattig; (= blurred) outline, form schattenhaft, verschwommen; (= vague) thought, fear unbestimmt, vagea shadowy figure (lit) — eine schemenhafte Gestalt; (fig) eine undurchsichtige Gestalt
the shadowy world of espionage — die dunkle Welt der Spionage
* * *shadowy [ˈʃædəʊı] adj1. schattig2. schattenhaft (auch fig Erinnerungen etc)3. fig vage, unbestimmt4. fig in Dunkel gehüllt* * *adjective1) (not distinct) schattenhaft; schemenhaft (geh.)2) (full of shade) schattig* * *adj.schattenhaft adj. -
28 teaching
nounthe teaching of languages, language teaching — der Sprachunterricht
* * *1) (the work of teacher: Teaching is a satisfying job; ( also adjective) the teaching staff of a school.) der Lehrberuf; Lehr-...2) (guidance or instruction: She followed her mother's teaching.) die Lehre3) (something that is taught: one of the teachings of Christ.) die Lehre* * *teach·ing[ˈti:tʃɪŋ]I. nstudent \teaching AM SCH, UNIV Schulpraktikum nt, Unterrichtspraktikum ntBuddha's \teachings die Lehren des BuddhaII. adj aids, methods Lehr-, Unterrichts-* * *['tiːtʃɪŋ]n1) das Unterrichten or Lehren (geh); (as profession) der Lehrberufto take up teaching — den Lehrberuf ergreifen (form), Lehrer werden
he is no good at teaching — er ist kein guter Lehrer
his teaching on this subject was somewhat vague — seine Ausführungen zu diesem Thema waren ziemlich vage
* * *A s1. Unterrichten n, Lehren n2. meist pl Lehre f, Lehren pl3. Lehrberuf m:be in teaching Lehrer(in) seinB adj lehrend, unterrichtend:teaching aid Lehr-, Unterrichtsmittel n;teaching experience Lehrerfahrung f;teaching hospital Lehrkrankenhaus n;teaching machine Lern-, Lehrmaschine f;teaching method Lehr-, Unterrichtsmethode f;teaching pool Lehrschwimmbecken n;do one’s teaching practice Br sein Schulpraktikum machen;a) → A 3,* * *nounthe teaching of languages, language teaching — der Sprachunterricht
* * *adj.beibringend adj.lehrend adj. n.Unterricht m. -
29 shadowy
shadowy [ˈ∫ædəʊɪ]a. ( = indistinct) vagueb. ( = mysterious) mystérieux* * *['ʃædəʊɪ]1) ( dark) sombre2) ( indistinct) [image, outline] flou; [form] indistinct3) ( mysterious) mystérieux/-ieuse -
30 semblance
sem·blance [ʼsemblən(t)s] nMike has the job of creating some vague \semblance of organization out of this chaos Mike hat die Aufgabe, so etwas wie Ordnung in dieses Chaos zu bringen;in spite of her disability, she has been able to maintain a \semblance of normal life trotz ihrer Behinderung schafft sie es, ein einigermaßen normales Leben zu führen -
31 dusky
1. a сумеречный, тёмный; темноватый; тенистый2. a неясный, плохо различимый, видимый как бы сквозь туман3. a смуглый, тёмный4. a сумрачный, печальный, меланхоличныйСинонимический ряд:1. clouded (adj.) clouded; cloudy; dim; murky; penumbral; shadowy; somber; sombre; swarthy; tenebrous2. dark (adj.) bistered; black-a-vised; brunet; caliginous; dark; darkish; dark-skinned; dun; dusk; lightless; olive; swart; swarth; tawny; unilluminated3. gloomy (adj.) acheronian; acherontic; black; bleak; cheerless; cold; depressant; depressing; depressive; desolate; disconsolate; discouraging; disheartening; dismal; dispiriting; drear; dreary; funereal; gloomy; joyless; lugubrious; morne; oppressive; tenebrific; unhappy; woebegone4. obscure (adj.) ambiguous; amphibological; double-edged; double-faced; equivocal; nubilous; obscure; opaque; sibylline; uncertain; unclear; unexplicit; unintelligible; vagueАнтонимический ряд:clear; fair; light; unclouded -
32 low
A n1 Meteorol dépression f ;2 fig the stock market closed at a record low le marché boursier a été clôturé à son niveau le plus bas ; the economy has hit a low l'économie est dans le creux de la vague ; his popularity has hit a new low sa popularité a atteint son niveau le plus bas ; morale is at an all time low le moral est au plus bas ; the lyrics hit a new low in banality les paroles (de la chanson) atteignent des sommets dans la banalité.B adj1 ( close to the ground) [branch, building, chair, wall, cloud, ground] bas/basse ; the sun is low in the sky le soleil est bas dans le ciel ; there will be flooding on low ground il y aura des inondations à basse altitude ;2 ( nearly depleted) [reservoir, level] bas/basse ; [battery] faible ; our stocks are rather low nos stocks sont plutôt bas ; the fire was getting low le feu était bas ; we're low on skilled staff nous manquons de personnel qualifié ; I'm getting low on petrol je n'ai plus beaucoup d'essence ; these products are low in sugar/fat ces produits contiennent peu de sucre/matière grasse ; the patient is very low le malade est au plus mal or bas ;3 ( minimal) [price, wage] bas/basse ; [capacity, speed] réduit ; [income, number, rate] faible ; [pressure, temperature] bas/basse ; leave the soup on a low heat laissez mijoter la soupe à feu doux ; the temperature was in the low twenties il faisait dans les vingt degrés ;6 ( deep) [note, tone, voice] bas/basse ; in a low voice tout bas ; the sound is too low Radio, TV le son est trop bas ;7 ( disapproved of) ( vulgar) [conversation, humour] peu relevé ; ( base) [action, behaviour] ignoble ; that was a really low thing to do c'était vraiment un sale coup ○ ;C adv1 ( near the ground) [aim, fly, shoot] bas ; [bend, crouch] très bas ; the plane flew low over the desert l'avion survolait le désert à basse altitude ; I wouldn't sink ou stoop so low as to ask him for money fig je ne m'abaisserais pas à lui demander de l'argent ;2 ( near the bottom) it is very low (down) on the list lit c'est tout à fait au bas de la liste ; fig c'est tout à fait secondaire ; look lower down the page regarde plus bas sur la page ;3 ( at a reduced level) [buy] à bas prix ; [speak] bas ; to turn sth down low baisser [heating, light, radio] ; stocks are running low les stocks sont en baisse ; I rate him pretty low je ne le tiens pas en grande estime ;4 ( at a deep pitch) [sing] bas.D vi [cow] meugler.to be the lowest of the low être le dernier des derniers ; to be laid low by être alité par [illness]. -
33 pick
A n1 ( tool) gen pioche f, pic m ; (of miner, geologist) pic m ; ( of climber) piolet m ; ( of mason) smille f ; to dig with a pick creuser à la pioche ;2 ( choice) choix m ; to have one's pick of avoir le choix parmi ; to take one's pick faire son choix (of parmi) ; take your pick choisis ; to get first pick choisir le/la premier/-ière, être le/la premier/-ière à choisir ;3 ( best) meilleur/-e m/f ; the pick of the crop ( fruit) les meilleurs fruits ; the pick of this month's new films les meilleurs films sortis ce mois-ci ; the pick of the bunch le/la etc meilleur/-e etc du lot.B vtr1 (choose, select) gen choisir (from parmi) ; Sport sélectionner [player] (from parmi) ; former [team] ; ‘pick a card, any card’ ‘choisis une carte, n'importe laquelle’ ; to be picked for England/for the team être sélectionné pour représenter l'Angleterre/pour faire partie de l'équipe ; you picked the right person/a good time to do it tu as choisi la personne qu'il fallait/le bon moment pour faire cela ; you picked the wrong man ou person tu as choisi la mauvaise personne ; he certainly knows how to pick them! il sait les choisir! also iron ; to pick a fight ( physically) chercher à se bagarrer ○ (with avec) ; to pick a fight ou a quarrel chercher querelle (with à) ;2 to pick one's way through avancer avec précaution parmi [rubble, litter] ; to pick one's way down prendre des précautions pour descendre [mountain, slope] ;3 (pluck, gather) cueillir [fruit, flowers] ;4 ( poke at) gratter [spot, scab, skin] ; to pick sth from ou off sth enlever qch de qch ; to pick one's nose mettre les doigts dans son nez ; to pick one's teeth se curer or se nettoyer les dents ; to pick a hole in one's sweater faire un trou dans son pull-over à force de tirer les mailles ; to pick a lock crocheter une serrure ; to pick sb's pocket faire les poches de qn.C vi1 ( choose) choisir ; you can afford to pick and choose tu peux te permettre de faire les difficiles or de faire la fine bouche (among, between pour choisir parmi) ;■ pick at:▶ pick at [sth]1 [person] manger [qch] du bout des dents [food] ; gratter, tripoter ○ [spot, scab] ; tripoter ○ [fabric, knot] ;2 [bird] picorer [crumbs] ;■ pick off:▶ pick [sb] off, pick off [sb] ( kill) abattre ; he picked them off one by one il les visait soigneusement et les abattait un à un ; lions pick off any stragglers les lions se jettent sur les traînards ;▶ pick [sth] off, pick off [sth] enlever [qch] ;▶ pick [sth] off sth cueillir [qch] sur qch [apple, cherry] ; to pick sth off the floor prendre qch qui était par terre ; to pick sth off the top of a cake retirer qch qui était sur un gâteau.■ pick on:▶ pick on [sb] (harass, single out) harceler ; stop picking on me! arrête de me harceler comme ça, fiche-moi la paix! ○ ; pick on someone your own size! ne t'attaque pas à quelqu'un de plus faible que toi.■ pick out:▶ pick [sb/sth] out, pick out [sb/sth]1 ( select) gen choisir ; ( single out) repérer ; to be picked out from the group être remarqué dans le groupe ; to pick out three winners sélectionner trois gagnants (from parmi) ;2 (make out, distinguish) distinguer [object, landmark] ; saisir, comprendre [words] ; reconnaître [person in photo, suspect] ; repérer [person in crowd] ; to pick out the theme in a variation reconnaître le thème dans une variation ;3 ( highlight) [person, artist] mettre en valeur [title, letter] ; [torch, beam] révéler [form, object] ; to be picked out in red être mis en valeur en rouge ;4 to pick out a tune (on the piano) retrouver un air (au piano).■ pick over:▶ pick [sth] over, pick over [sth]1 lit trier [articles, lentils, raisins] ;2 fig analyser [film, book].■ pick up:▶ pick up1 ( improve) [trade, market, business] reprendre ; [weather, performance, health] s'améliorer ; [ill person] se rétablir ; things have picked up slightly ça commence à aller mieux ;2 ( resume) reprendre ; to pick up (from) where one left off reprendre là où on s'est arrêté ;▶ pick [sb/sth] up, pick up [sb/sth]1 (lift, take hold of) ( to tidy) ramasser [object, litter, toys, clothes] ; ( to examine) prendre ; ( after fall) relever [person, child] ; ( for cuddle) prendre [qn] dans ses bras [person, child] ; to pick sth up in ou with one's left hand prendre qch de sa main gauche ; to pick up the telephone décrocher le téléphone ; the wave picked up the boat la vague a soulevé le bateau ; to pick up the bill ou tab ○ régler l'addition, casquer ○ ;2 ( collect) prendre [passenger, cargo, hitcher] ; (passer) prendre [dry-cleaning, ticket, keys] ; aller chercher [person from airport, station] ; could you pick me up? est-ce que tu peux venir me chercher? ;▶ pick [sth] up, pick up [sth]1 ( buy) prendre, acheter [milk, bread, newspaper] ; dénicher [bargain, find] ; could you pick up some milk on the way home? peux-tu prendre du lait en rentrant à la maison? ;2 (learn, acquire) apprendre [language] ; prendre [habit, accent] ; développer [skill] ; where did he pick up those manners? où a-t-il pris or attrapé ces manières? ; I'm hoping to pick up some tips j'espère obtenir quelques tuyaux ; it's not difficult, you'll soon pick it up ce n'est pas difficile, tu t'y mettras vite ;3 ( catch) attraper [illness, cold, infection] ;4 (notice, register) [person] repérer [mistake, error] ; [person, machine] détecter [defect] ;5 ( detect) [person, animal] trouver [trail, scent] ; [searchlight, radar] détecter la présence de [aircraft, person, object] ; Radio, Telecom capter [signal, broadcast] ;6 (gain, earn) gagner [point, size] ; acquérir [reputation] ; to pick up speed prendre de la vitesse ;7 ( resume) reprendre [conversation, career] ; you'll soon pick up your French again ton français te reviendra vite ; to pick up the pieces (of one's life) recoller les morceaux ;▶ pick [sb] up, pick up [sb]4 ( find fault with) faire des remarques à [person] (on sur) ; they'll pick you up for being improperly dressed ils vont te faire remarquer que tu n'es pas vêtu correctement ; -
34 shadowy
1 ( dark) [path, corridor, woods] sombre ;3 ( mysterious) [group, world] mystérieux/-ieuse ; he has always been a shadowy figure il a toujours été un peu énigmatique. -
35 Bramah, Joseph
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Domestic appliances and interiors, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Public utilities[br]b. 2 April 1749 Stainborough, Yorkshire, Englandd. 9 December 1814 Pimlico, London, England[br]English inventor of the second patented water-closet, the beer-engine, the Bramah lock and, most important, the hydraulic press.[br]Bramah was the son of a tenant farmer and was educated at the village school before being apprenticed to a local carpenter, Thomas Allot. He walked to London c.1773 and found work with a Mr Allen that included the repair of some of the comparatively rare water-closets of the period. He invented and patented one of his own, which was followed by a water cock in 1783. His next invention, a greatly improved lock, involved the devising of a number of special machine tools, for it was one of the first devices involving interchangeable components in its manufacture. In this he had the help of Henry Maudslay, then a young and unknown engineer, who became Bramah's foreman before setting up business on his own. In 1784 he moved his premises from Denmark Street, St Giles, to 124 Piccadilly, which was later used as a showroom when he set up a factory in Pimlico. He invented an engine for putting out fires in 1785 and 1793, in effect a reciprocating rotary-vane pump. He undertook the refurbishment and modernization of Norwich waterworks c.1793, but fell out with Robert Mylne, who was acting as Consultant to the Norwich Corporation and had produced a remarkably vague specification. This was Bramah's only venture into the field of civil engineering.In 1797 he acted as an expert witness for Hornblower \& Maberley in the patent infringement case brought against them by Boulton and Watt. Having been cut short by the judge, he published his proposed evidence in "Letter to the Rt Hon. Sir James Eyre, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas…etc". In 1795 he was granted his most important patent, based on Pascal's Hydrostatic Paradox, for the hydraulic press which also incorporated the concept of hydraulics for the transmission of both power and motion and was the foundation of the whole subsequent hydraulic industry. There is no truth in the oft-repeated assertion originating from Samuel Smiles's Industrial Biography (1863) that the hydraulic press could not be made to work until Henry Maudslay invented the self-sealing neck leather. Bramah used a single-acting upstroking ram, sealed only at its base with a U-leather. There was no need for a neck leather.He also used the concept of the weight-loaded, in this case as a public-house beer-engine. He devised machinery for carbonating soda water. The first banknote-numbering machine was of his design and was bought by the Bank of England. His development of a machine to cut twelve nibs from one goose quill started a patent specification which ended with the invention of the fountain pen, patented in 1809. His coach brakes were an innovation that was followed bv a form of hydropneumatic carriage suspension that was somewhat in advance of its time, as was his patent of 1812. This foresaw the introduction of hydraulic power mains in major cities and included the telescopic ram and the air-loaded accumulator.In all Joseph Bramah was granted eighteen patents. On 22 March 1813 he demonstrated a hydraulic machine for pulling up trees by the roots in Hyde Park before a large crowd headed by the Duke of York. Using the same machine in Alice Holt Forest in Hampshire to fell timber for ships for the Navy, he caught a chill and died soon after at his home in Pimlico.[br]Bibliography1778, British patent no. 1177 (water-closet). 1784, British patent no. 1430 (Bramah Lock). 1795, British patent no. 2045 (hydraulic press). 1809, British patent no. 3260 (fountain pen). 1812, British patent no. 3611.Further ReadingI.McNeil, 1968, Joseph Bramah, a Century of Invention.S.Smiles, 1863, Industrial Biography.H.W.Dickinson, 1942, "Joseph Bramah and his inventions", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 22:169–86.IMcN
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См. также в других словарях:
vague — 01. I have only a [vague] memory of Carson City because we moved away when I was just four years old. 02. The description of the bank robber was too [vague] to be of any use. 03. The document was [vaguely] worded and confusing. 04. Very young… … Grammatical examples in English
vague — S3 [veıg] adj [Date: 1500 1600; : French; Origin: Latin vagus wandering, vague ] 1.) unclear because someone does not give enough detailed information or does not say exactly what they mean ▪ The governor gave only a vague outline of his tax plan … Dictionary of contemporary English
vague — [vāg] adj. vaguer, vaguest [Fr < L vagus, wandering < IE * wag , to be bent, prob. < base * wā > VACILLATE] 1. not clearly, precisely, or definitely expressed or stated 2. indefinite in shape, form, or character; hazily or… … English World dictionary
Mock modular form — In mathematics, a mock modular form is the holomorphic part of a harmonic weak Maass form, and a mock theta function is essentially a mock modular form of weight 1/2. The first examples of mock theta functions were described by Srinivasa… … Wikipedia
Play By E-Form — Jeu sur navigateur internet Le jeu par navigateur ou jeu sur navigateur est un type de jeu en ligne qui se joue par l intermédiaire d un navigateur, directement à partir du Web, sans qu aucun téléchargement ni installation ne soit nécessaire. On… … Wikipédia en Français
nouvelle vague — /nooh vel vann g /, pl. nouvelles vagues /nooh vel vann g /. French. 1. a new wave, trend, movement, phase, etc., esp. in an art form. 2. the films of a group of young French and Italian filmmakers, beginning in the late 1950s, who emphasized… … Universalium
nouvelle vague — /nuvɛl ˈvag/ (say noohvel vahg) noun (plural nouvelles vagues /nuvɛl ˈvag/ (say noohvel vahg)) a new style or trend in an art form, especially the style of filmmaking current in France after about 1960. {French: literally, new wave} …
equity is not vague and uncertain but has fixed boundaries and limits — The Latin form of the statement is aequitas non vaga atque incerta est, sed terminos habet atque limites praefinitas. But a want of equity jurisdiction is not inferred from the novelty of the question. The fact that there is no precedent for the… … Ballentine's law dictionary
Mill, John Stuart: Logic and metaphysics — J.S.Mill Logic and metaphysics John Skorupski ENLIGHTENMENT AND ROMANTICISM IN MILL’S PHILOSOPHY Mill’s importance as one of the major figures of nineteenth century politics and culture, and the current interest in him as a moral and political… … History of philosophy
a- — 1. prefix not, without (amoral; agnostic; apetalous). Etymology: Gk a , or L f. Gk, or F f. L f. Gk 2. prefix implying motion onward or away, adding intensity to verbs of motion (arise; awake). Etymology: OE a , orig. ar 3. prefix to, at, or into … Useful english dictionary
art criticism — Description, interpretation, and evaluation of works of art, manifested in journal reviews, books, and patronage. Art criticism encompasses a wide variety of approaches, from critical commentary to more subjective emotional reactions inspired by… … Universalium