xy+system

“k” noun ”mouth-system”, i.e. ”full organized language, including system, vocabulary, metre etc.” PE17:126; probably replaced by pahta 2, q.v.

1 adj. “excelling”, used as the comparative form of mára “good”, hence *“better” PE17:57. The superlative *“best” is i arya with the article, with genitive to express *“the best of…” Cf. mára. 3 noun "twelve hours, day" ARsup1/sup; compare aurë. In deleted notes this word was also used as an adjective: "of the day, light" VT45:6. Still according to VT45:6, arya is also the name of Tengwa \#26 in the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, but Tolkien would later call \#26 arda instead indeed arya was changed from arda in the source; Tolkien would later change his mind back again. The abandoned name arya suggests that the letter was to have the value ry rather than rd as in the classical system outlined in LotR Appendix E. – Since the word for “day” daylight period is given as aurë in later sources, and arya is assigned other meanings in late material see \#1, 2 above, the conceptual validity of arya “day” is questionable.%

pronominal ending “our”, 1st person pl. exclusive VT49:16, also attested with the genitive ending -o that displaces final -a in the word omentielmo "of our meeting" nominative omentielma, PE17:58. Tolkien emended omentielmo to omentielvo in the Second Edition of LotR, reflecting a revision of the Quenya pronominal system cf. VT49:38, 49, Letters:447. The cluster -lm- in the endings for inclusive "we/our" was altered to -lv- VT43:14. In the revised system, -lma should apparently signify exclusive "our".

2 intensive or superlative prefix carrying the idea of "very" or "most", seen in ancalima "most bright" cf. calima "bright", antara "very high, very lofty" and \#anyára *"very old" or *"oldest" the latter form occurring in the so-called Elaine inscription VT49:40, there with the dative ending -n. Assimilated to am- before p-, as in amparca "k" "very dry", and to al-, ar-, as- before words in l-, r-, s- though Tolkien seems to indicate that before words in l- derived from earlier d, the original quality of the consonant would be preserved so that forms in and- rather than all- would result. See also un-. Letters:279, VT45:5, 36 Regarding the form of the superlative prefix before certain consonants, another, partially discrepant system was also set down in the Etymologies and first published in VT45:36. The prefix was to appear as um- or un- before labialized consonants like p-, qu-, v- the consonant v preserving its ancient pronunciation b- following the prefix, thus producing a word in umb-, as in- technically iñ- before c- and g- the latter presumably referring to words that originally had initial g-, later lost in Quenya but evidently preserved following this prefix, and as an- otherwise. However, this system would contradict the canonical example ancalima, which would have been *incalima if Tolkien had maintained this idea. – In a post-LotR source, the basic form of the prefix is given as am- instead see am- \#2. In this late conception, the prefix still appears as an- before most consonants, but as ama- before r, l, and the form an- is used even before s- whether original or from þ, not the assimilated variant as- described above. General principles would suggest that the form am- should also appear before y- so the form \#anyára probably presupposes an- rather than am- as the basic form of the prefix, Tolkien revisiting the earlier concept in the Elaine inscription. PE17:92 3 prefix "re" in antúlien, q.v. LotR-style Quenya shows en- instead.

waiya also vaia, waia noun "envelope", especially of the Outer Sea or Air enfolding the world within the Ilurambar or world-walls WAY, capitalized Vaiya under GEY; the latter entry was struck out. In a "Qenya" text in MC:214, vaiya is simply translated "sky". In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, vaiya / waiya was also the name of a tengwa letter that does not appear in Tolkien's later table, but which was apparently intended to have the value w v, like the letter wilya vilya in the later, canonical system VT46:21. According to Arden R. Smith, the form of the pre-classical letter is a variant of \#21, which letter Tolkien would later call vala VT46:32.

noun "stem" of a Tengwa symbol Appendix E. The Etymologies gives telco "k" pl. telqui "q" "leg" the pl. form is said to be analogical TÉLEK. It seems, then, that the word can refer to a "stem" or "leg" in general as well as the stem of a Tengwa. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, telco is used to refer to a carrier symbol VT46:18, 33

noun "Sun" ANÁR, NARsup1/sup, SA:nár; UT:22 cf. 51; anar "a sun" Markirya; Anarinya "my Sun" FS. See also ceuranar, Úr-anar. According to VT45:6, Tolkien in the Etymologies mentioned anar "sun" as the name of the short vowel carrier of the Tengwar writing system; it would be the first letter if anar is written in Quenya mode Tengwar. Compounded in the masc. name Anárion *"Sun-son" Isildur's brother, also the Númenorean king Tar-Anárion, UT:210; also in Anardil *"Sun-friend" Appendix A, a name also occurring in the form Anardilya with a suffix of endearment UT:174, 418. Anarya noun second day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to the Sun Appendix D. Anarríma name of a constellation: *"Sun-border"??? Silm; cf. ríma

noun "lamp, a light, device for shining light” Appendix E, KAL, PE17:123, 180, also name of tengwa \#3 cf. calmatéma, which was also already its name in the mostly pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies VT45:18, there spelt "kalma". In early "Qenya", calma "k" meant"daylight" LT1:254; in MC:213, the word is translated "light".Plural instrumental calmainen "k" "lights-by", by lights MC:216

stem \#hísi- because of the primitive form ¤khīthi, cf. hísilanya, Hísilómë 1 noun "mist, fog" KHIS/KHITH. According to VT45:22, hísë is also the name of Tengwa \#11 in the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, but Tolkien would later call \#11 harma/aha instead.

"k" noun "writing system, spelling" TEK

noun "a hand-full; complete hand with all five fingers; a closing of closed hand facing down for taking; group of five similar things"; in colloquial usage also "hand" as a limb VT47:7, 18-20; dual maquat "group of ten" VT47:7, 10. Compounded maquanotië = "decimal system" in counting VT47:10, Lungumaqua "Heavyhand" VT47:19

noun "iron", also name of tengwa \#7 ANGĀ, Appendix E, SA, PM:347, LT1:249, 268. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, anga was the name of letter \#19, which tengwa Tolkien would later call noldo instead VT45:6. Masc. names Angamaitë "Iron-handed" Letters:347, Angaráto "Iron-champion", Sindarin Angrod SA:ara. See also Angamando, tornanga and cf. Angainor as the name of the chain with which Melkor was bound Silm

noun "Blessed Being" Letters:283, the Elder King and Lord of the Valar, spouse of Varda. The name is adopted and adapted from Valarin Mānawenūz; names ending in -wë were already frequent in Quenya WJ:399. In the Etymologies derived from MAN, WEG.Cf. Mánwen, Mánwë the oldest Quenya forms of Manwë, closer to the Valarin form WJ:399. Lower-case manwë in LR:56. Ablative Manwello, VT49:24 in this source Tolkien indicated that lo Manwë is the preferred way of saying “from Manwë”, but this was apparently a short-lived idea; see lo. Masc. name Manwendil "Manwë-friend; one devoted to Manwë" UT:210. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, Manwë was also the name of letter \#22 VT45:32, which tengwa Tolkien would later call vala instead – changing its Quenya value from m to v.

“k” 1 noun “mouth”, including lips, teeth, tongue etc. PE17:126; also used for “language”, in particular the phonetic system.Cf. náva and páva.

noun "starlight", also name of tengwa \#29 Appendix E, though in the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, the name silmë instead applied to tengwa \#3 VT46:13. Silmë nuquerna "s reversed", name of tengwa \#30, similar to normal silmë but turned upside down Appendix E. In the Etymologies, stem SIL, silmë is defined as the "light of Silpion" Telperion, and also a poetic word for "silver".

as in dat.sg. umbarten noun "fate, doom" MBARAT, also name of tengwa \#6 Appendix E.Cf. Umbarto. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, umbar was the name of letter \#18 VT45:33, which tengwa Tolkien would later call malta instead – changing its Quenya value from mb to m. – In the word Tarumbar "King of the World" q.v., umbar appears to be a variant of Ambar q.v. instead.

noun "foam, crest of wave, crest" WIG; "foam, spindrift" LT1:273. In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, wingë was also the name of tengwa \#24, which letter Tolkien would later call wilya vilya instead. - Also winga so in Markirya.

noun "metal" TINKŌ, also name of tengwa \#1 Appendix E, there spelt "tinco", but "tinko" in Etym; tincotéma noun "t-series", dental series,first column of the Tengwar system Appendix E

noun "dawn" ARsup1/sup. According to VT45:6, ára is also the name of the long vowel carrier of the Tengwar system; it would be the first letter of the word ára if spelt in Tengwar.

noun "silver" KYELEP/TELEP, etymology also in Letters:426 and UT:266. Tyelpë is the true Quenya descendant of primitive ¤kyelepē, but the Telerin form telpë was more common, "for the Teleri prized silver above gold, and their skill as silversmiths was esteemed even by the Noldor" UT:266. In the Etymologies, tyelpë is also the name of Tengwa \#1 with overposed dots, this symbol having the value ty VT45:25. Cf. tyelpetéma as the name of the entire palatal series of the Tengwar system.