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101 छेत्तृ _chēttṛ
छेत्तृ a.1 Cutter.-2 A wood-cuter.-3 destroying, removing (doubts &c.). -
102 यूपः _yūpḥ
यूपः [यु-पक् पृषो˚ दीर्घः; cf. Uṇ.3.27]1 A sacrificial post (usually made of bamboo or Khadira wood) to which the victim is fastened at the time of immolation; अपेक्ष्यते साधुजनेन वैदिकी श्मशानशूलस्य न यूपसत्क्रिया Ku.5.73; ग्रामेष्वात्मविसृष्टेषु यूपचिह्नेषु यज्वनाम् R.1.44.-2 A trophy.-Comp. -आहुतिः f. an oblation at the erection of the sacrificial post.-कटकः a wooden ring at the top of the Yūpa.-कर्णः that part of the Yūpa which is sprinkled with ghee.-कर्मन्यायः the rule according to which the उत्कर्ष or अपकर्ष of some detail belonging solely to the विकृति will be restricted to that particular detail alone, so that the तदादितदन्तन्याय will not apply in that case. This is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर in MS.5.1.27.-द्रुः, -द्रुमः the Khadira tree.-द्विपः, -हस्तिन् a. cloth wrapped round the sacrificial post in certain rites; मीमांसामांसलप्रज्ञास्तां यूपद्विपदापिनीम् N.17.61.-ध्वजः the sacrifice personified.-लक्ष्यः a bird (?).-व्रस्कः the cutter of the sacrificial post. -
103 trefreser
subst. wood milling cutter -
104 гравёр
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105 гравер
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106 tallador
• engraver• precious-stone cutter• wood carver -
107 list|wa
f 1. (z drewna) (wooden) slat, strip of wood- listwa przypodłogowa skirting (board), baseboard US- listwa żeglarska a batten2. Moda (z materiału) binding- listwa ze skosu bias binding3. (występ w murze, skale) ledge 4. Leśn., Ogr. crack- listwa mrozowa a frost crack- □ listwa nożowa Roln. cutter bar- listwa odbojowa Żegl. beadingThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > list|wa
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108 излом
• chipped grainBreaking away of the wood below the finished surface by the action of a cutter or other tool. Note: Frequently occurs on the edge and by the breaking away of dried knots• foldingРусско-английский словарь по деревообрабатывающей промышленности > излом
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109 гравёр
м.1) ( мастер-гравировщик) engraverгравёр по де́реву — woodcutter, wood engraver
гравёр по ста́ли — steel-cutter
2) (художник, создающий гравюры) engraver; ( офортист) etcher -
110 sculptor
sculptor, ōris, m. [id.], one who cuts, carves, or engraves in stone, wood, etc. (cf.:fictor, plastes),
a stone-cutter, graver, sculptor, Plin. 29, 6, 38, § 132; 36, 5, 4, § 11 (Jahn reads throughout scalptor); Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 4:opere sculptoris,
Vulg. Exod. 23, 11; Cassiod. Var. 7, 5 (sometimes confounded with scalptor). -
111 вал
1. м. маш. shaft2. м. bank, embankmentбатанный вал — lathe axe; rocking shaft
Синонимический ряд:волна (сущ.) волна -
112 Hero of Alexandria
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Photography, film and optics, Steam and internal combustion engines[br]fl. c.62 AD Alexandria[br]Alexandrian mathematician and mechanician.[br]Nothing is known of Hero, or Heron, apart from what can be gleaned from the books he wrote. Their scope and style suggest that he was a teacher at the museum or the university of Alexandria, writing textbooks for his students. The longest book, and the one with the greatest technological interest, is Pneumatics. Some of its material is derived from the works of the earlier writers Ctesibius of Alexandria and Philo of Byzantium, but many of the devices described were invented by Hero himself. The introduction recognizes that the air is a body and demonstrates the effects of air pressure, as when air must be allowed to escape from a closed vessel before water can enter. There follow clear descriptions of a variety of mechanical contrivances depending on the effects of either air pressure or heated gases. Most of the devices seem trivial, but such toys or gadgets were popular at the time and Hero is concerned to show how they work. Inventions with a more serious purpose are a fire pump and a water organ. One celebrated gadget is a sphere that is set spinning by jets of steam—an early illustration of the reaction principle on which modern jet propulsion depends.M echanics, known only in an Arabic version, is a textbook expounding the theory and practical skills required by the architect. It deals with a variety of questions of mechanics, such as the statics of a horizontal beam resting on vertical posts, the theory of the centre of gravity and equilibrium, largely derived from Archimedes, and the five ways of applying a relatively small force to exert a much larger one: the lever, winch, pulley, wedge and screw. Practical devices described include sledges for transporting heavy loads, cranes and a screw cutter.Hero's Dioptra describes instruments used in surveying, together with an odometer or device to indicate the distance travelled by a wheeled vehicle. Catoptrics, known only in Latin, deals with the principles of mirrors, plane and curved, enunciating that the angle of incidence is equal to that of reflection. Automata describes two forms of puppet theatre, operated by strings and drums driven by a falling lead weight attached to a rope wound round an axle. Hero's mathematical work lies in the tradition of practical mathematics stretching from the Babylonians through Islam to Renaissance Europe. It is seen most clearly in his Metrica, a treatise on mensuration.Of all his works, Pneumatics was the best known and most influential. It was one of the works of Greek science and technology assimilated by the Arabs, notably Banu Musa ibn Shakir, and was transmitted to medieval Western Europe.[br]BibliographyAll Hero's works have been printed with a German translation in Heronis Alexandrini opera quae supersunt omnia, 1899–1914, 5 vols, Leipzig. The book on pneumatics has been published as The Pneumatics of Hero of Alexandria, 1851, trans. and ed. Bennet Wood-croft, London (facs. repr. 1971, introd. Marie Boas Hall, London and New York).Further ReadingA.G.Drachmann, 1948, "Ktesibios, Philon and Heron: A Study in Ancient Pneumatics", Acta Hist. Sci. Nat. Med. 4, Copenhagen: Munksgaard.T.L.Heath, 1921, A History of Greek Mathematics, Oxford (still useful for his mathematical work).LRD -
113 mudyka'apre
Construction: mudri+katna+prenu woodcutter, lumberjack Structure: x1 = prenu1 (person), x2 = katna1 (cutter), x3 = katna2 (be cut) = mudri2 (wood species)
См. также в других словарях:
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