women

gynaecēum or gynaecīum ( gun-), i, n., = gunaikeion.

Among the Greeks, the inner part of the house where the women dwelt, the women's apartments, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 68; 72; Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 26; Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—

Among the Romans, the emperor's seraglio, where also women spun and wove the imperial garments:

matresfamilias ingenuae ac nobiles in gynaeceum rapiebantur,

Lact. de Mort. Pers. 21; Veg. Mil. 1, 7; Cod. Just. 9, 27, 5; 11, 7, 5.

gynaecēum or gynaecīum ( gun-), i, n., = gunaikeion.

Among the Greeks, the inner part of the house where the women dwelt, the women's apartments, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 68; 72; Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 26; Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—

Among the Romans, the emperor's seraglio, where also women spun and wove the imperial garments:

matresfamilias ingenuae ac nobiles in gynaeceum rapiebantur,

Lact. de Mort. Pers. 21; Veg. Mil. 1, 7; Cod. Just. 9, 27, 5; 11, 7, 5.

gynaecēum or gynaecīum ( gun-), i, n., = gunaikeion.

Among the Greeks, the inner part of the house where the women dwelt, the women's apartments, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 68; 72; Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 26; Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—

Among the Romans, the emperor's seraglio, where also women spun and wove the imperial garments:

matresfamilias ingenuae ac nobiles in gynaeceum rapiebantur,

Lact. de Mort. Pers. 21; Veg. Mil. 1, 7; Cod. Just. 9, 27, 5; 11, 7, 5.

* * *

* * *

* * *

* * *

Jūno, ōnis, f., the goddess Juno, daughter of Saturn, sister and wife of Jupiter, and the guardian deity of women; as the foundress of marriage, she is also called pronuba Juno; and as the protecting goddess of lying-in women, Juno Lucina, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 11; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68: prima et Tellus et pronuba Juno dant signum, Verg. [p. 1018] A. 4, 166.—

Juno inferna or infera, i. e. Proserpine, Verg. A. 6, 138; Stat. S. 2, 1, 147;

or, Averna,

Ov. M. 14, 114;

or, profunda,

Claud. Proserp. 1, 2;

or, Stygia,

Stat. Th. 4, 526.—

Esp. in phrases;

stella Junonis,

the planet Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 37:

urbs Junonis,

i. e. Argos, Ov. H. 14, 28:

per Junonem matrem familias jurare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 201.—Prov.:

Junonis sacra ferre,

i. e. to walk at a slow and measured pace, Hor. S. 1, 3, 11.—

Comically transf.:

mea Juno, non decet esse te tam tristem tuo Jovi,

i. e. my wife, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 14; cf.:

ni nanctus Venerem essem, hanc Junonem ducerem,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 39: ejuno as interj. like ecastor, acc. to Charis. p. 183 P.—Hence,

Jūnōnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Juno:

tempus,

i. e. the month of June, Ov. F. 6, 63.—

Jūnōnĭcŏla, ae, com. [Junocolo], a worshipper of Juno ( poet.):

Adde Junonicolas Faliscos,

Ov. F. 6, 49.—

Jūnōnĭgĕna, ae, m. [Juno-gigno], Junoborn, i. e. Vulcan, Ov. M. 4, 173.—

Jū-nōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Juno, Junonian ( poet.):

hospitia,

i. e. Carthage, where Juno was worshipped, Verg. A. 1,671; so,

Samos,

Ov. M. 8, 220:

ales,

i. e. the peacock, id. Am. 2, 6, 55:

custos,

i. e. Argus, id. M. 1, 678:

mensis,

i. e. June, sacred to Juno, id. F. 6, 61:

Hebe,

i. e. the daughter of Juno, id. M. 9, 400; Val. Fl. 8, 231:

stella,

the planet Venus, App. de Mund. p. 58, 12:

insula,

one of the Fortunate Isles, Plin. 6, 32, 37, § 202.

Jūno, ōnis, f., the goddess Juno, daughter of Saturn, sister and wife of Jupiter, and the guardian deity of women; as the foundress of marriage, she is also called pronuba Juno; and as the protecting goddess of lying-in women, Juno Lucina, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 11; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68: prima et Tellus et pronuba Juno dant signum, Verg. [p. 1018] A. 4, 166.—

Juno inferna or infera, i. e. Proserpine, Verg. A. 6, 138; Stat. S. 2, 1, 147;

or, Averna,

Ov. M. 14, 114;

or, profunda,

Claud. Proserp. 1, 2;

or, Stygia,

Stat. Th. 4, 526.—

Esp. in phrases;

stella Junonis,

the planet Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 37:

urbs Junonis,

i. e. Argos, Ov. H. 14, 28:

per Junonem matrem familias jurare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 201.—Prov.:

Junonis sacra ferre,

i. e. to walk at a slow and measured pace, Hor. S. 1, 3, 11.—

Comically transf.:

mea Juno, non decet esse te tam tristem tuo Jovi,

i. e. my wife, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 14; cf.:

ni nanctus Venerem essem, hanc Junonem ducerem,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 39: ejuno as interj. like ecastor, acc. to Charis. p. 183 P.—Hence,

Jūnōnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Juno:

tempus,

i. e. the month of June, Ov. F. 6, 63.—

Jūnōnĭcŏla, ae, com. [Junocolo], a worshipper of Juno ( poet.):

Adde Junonicolas Faliscos,

Ov. F. 6, 49.—

Jūnōnĭgĕna, ae, m. [Juno-gigno], Junoborn, i. e. Vulcan, Ov. M. 4, 173.—

Jū-nōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Juno, Junonian ( poet.):

hospitia,

i. e. Carthage, where Juno was worshipped, Verg. A. 1,671; so,

Samos,

Ov. M. 8, 220:

ales,

i. e. the peacock, id. Am. 2, 6, 55:

custos,

i. e. Argus, id. M. 1, 678:

mensis,

i. e. June, sacred to Juno, id. F. 6, 61:

Hebe,

i. e. the daughter of Juno, id. M. 9, 400; Val. Fl. 8, 231:

stella,

the planet Venus, App. de Mund. p. 58, 12:

insula,

one of the Fortunate Isles, Plin. 6, 32, 37, § 202.

Jūno, ōnis, f., the goddess Juno, daughter of Saturn, sister and wife of Jupiter, and the guardian deity of women; as the foundress of marriage, she is also called pronuba Juno; and as the protecting goddess of lying-in women, Juno Lucina, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 11; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68: prima et Tellus et pronuba Juno dant signum, Verg. [p. 1018] A. 4, 166.—

Juno inferna or infera, i. e. Proserpine, Verg. A. 6, 138; Stat. S. 2, 1, 147;

or, Averna,

Ov. M. 14, 114;

or, profunda,

Claud. Proserp. 1, 2;

or, Stygia,

Stat. Th. 4, 526.—

Esp. in phrases;

stella Junonis,

the planet Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 37:

urbs Junonis,

i. e. Argos, Ov. H. 14, 28:

per Junonem matrem familias jurare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 201.—Prov.:

Junonis sacra ferre,

i. e. to walk at a slow and measured pace, Hor. S. 1, 3, 11.—

Comically transf.:

mea Juno, non decet esse te tam tristem tuo Jovi,

i. e. my wife, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 14; cf.:

ni nanctus Venerem essem, hanc Junonem ducerem,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 39: ejuno as interj. like ecastor, acc. to Charis. p. 183 P.—Hence,

Jūnōnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Juno:

tempus,

i. e. the month of June, Ov. F. 6, 63.—

Jūnōnĭcŏla, ae, com. [Junocolo], a worshipper of Juno ( poet.):

Adde Junonicolas Faliscos,

Ov. F. 6, 49.—

Jūnōnĭgĕna, ae, m. [Juno-gigno], Junoborn, i. e. Vulcan, Ov. M. 4, 173.—

Jū-nōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Juno, Junonian ( poet.):

hospitia,

i. e. Carthage, where Juno was worshipped, Verg. A. 1,671; so,

Samos,

Ov. M. 8, 220:

ales,

i. e. the peacock, id. Am. 2, 6, 55:

custos,

i. e. Argus, id. M. 1, 678:

mensis,

i. e. June, sacred to Juno, id. F. 6, 61:

Hebe,

i. e. the daughter of Juno, id. M. 9, 400; Val. Fl. 8, 231:

stella,

the planet Venus, App. de Mund. p. 58, 12:

insula,

one of the Fortunate Isles, Plin. 6, 32, 37, § 202.

Jūno, ōnis, f., the goddess Juno, daughter of Saturn, sister and wife of Jupiter, and the guardian deity of women; as the foundress of marriage, she is also called pronuba Juno; and as the protecting goddess of lying-in women, Juno Lucina, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 11; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68: prima et Tellus et pronuba Juno dant signum, Verg. [p. 1018] A. 4, 166.—

Juno inferna or infera, i. e. Proserpine, Verg. A. 6, 138; Stat. S. 2, 1, 147;

or, Averna,

Ov. M. 14, 114;

or, profunda,

Claud. Proserp. 1, 2;

or, Stygia,

Stat. Th. 4, 526.—

Esp. in phrases;

stella Junonis,

the planet Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 37:

urbs Junonis,

i. e. Argos, Ov. H. 14, 28:

per Junonem matrem familias jurare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 201.—Prov.:

Junonis sacra ferre,

i. e. to walk at a slow and measured pace, Hor. S. 1, 3, 11.—

Comically transf.:

mea Juno, non decet esse te tam tristem tuo Jovi,

i. e. my wife, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 14; cf.:

ni nanctus Venerem essem, hanc Junonem ducerem,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 39: ejuno as interj. like ecastor, acc. to Charis. p. 183 P.—Hence,

Jūnōnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Juno:

tempus,

i. e. the month of June, Ov. F. 6, 63.—

Jūnōnĭcŏla, ae, com. [Junocolo], a worshipper of Juno ( poet.):

Adde Junonicolas Faliscos,

Ov. F. 6, 49.—

Jūnōnĭgĕna, ae, m. [Juno-gigno], Junoborn, i. e. Vulcan, Ov. M. 4, 173.—

Jū-nōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Juno, Junonian ( poet.):

hospitia,

i. e. Carthage, where Juno was worshipped, Verg. A. 1,671; so,

Samos,

Ov. M. 8, 220:

ales,

i. e. the peacock, id. Am. 2, 6, 55:

custos,

i. e. Argus, id. M. 1, 678:

mensis,

i. e. June, sacred to Juno, id. F. 6, 61:

Hebe,

i. e. the daughter of Juno, id. M. 9, 400; Val. Fl. 8, 231:

stella,

the planet Venus, App. de Mund. p. 58, 12:

insula,

one of the Fortunate Isles, Plin. 6, 32, 37, § 202.

Jūno, ōnis, f., the goddess Juno, daughter of Saturn, sister and wife of Jupiter, and the guardian deity of women; as the foundress of marriage, she is also called pronuba Juno; and as the protecting goddess of lying-in women, Juno Lucina, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 11; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 68: prima et Tellus et pronuba Juno dant signum, Verg. [p. 1018] A. 4, 166.—

Juno inferna or infera, i. e. Proserpine, Verg. A. 6, 138; Stat. S. 2, 1, 147;

or, Averna,

Ov. M. 14, 114;

or, profunda,

Claud. Proserp. 1, 2;

or, Stygia,

Stat. Th. 4, 526.—

Esp. in phrases;

stella Junonis,

the planet Venus, Plin. 2, 8, 6, § 37:

urbs Junonis,

i. e. Argos, Ov. H. 14, 28:

per Junonem matrem familias jurare,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 201.—Prov.:

Junonis sacra ferre,

i. e. to walk at a slow and measured pace, Hor. S. 1, 3, 11.—

Comically transf.:

mea Juno, non decet esse te tam tristem tuo Jovi,

i. e. my wife, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 14; cf.:

ni nanctus Venerem essem, hanc Junonem ducerem,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 39: ejuno as interj. like ecastor, acc. to Charis. p. 183 P.—Hence,

Jūnōnālis, e, adj., of or belonging to Juno:

tempus,

i. e. the month of June, Ov. F. 6, 63.—

Jūnōnĭcŏla, ae, com. [Junocolo], a worshipper of Juno ( poet.):

Adde Junonicolas Faliscos,

Ov. F. 6, 49.—

Jūnōnĭgĕna, ae, m. [Juno-gigno], Junoborn, i. e. Vulcan, Ov. M. 4, 173.—

Jū-nōnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Juno, Junonian ( poet.):

hospitia,

i. e. Carthage, where Juno was worshipped, Verg. A. 1,671; so,

Samos,

Ov. M. 8, 220:

ales,

i. e. the peacock, id. Am. 2, 6, 55:

custos,

i. e. Argus, id. M. 1, 678:

mensis,

i. e. June, sacred to Juno, id. F. 6, 61:

Hebe,

i. e. the daughter of Juno, id. M. 9, 400; Val. Fl. 8, 231:

stella,

the planet Venus, App. de Mund. p. 58, 12:

insula,

one of the Fortunate Isles, Plin. 6, 32, 37, § 202.

līcium, ĭi, n., the thrum or leash, the ends of a web to which those of the new piece are fastened.

Lit.:

licia telae Addere,

i. e. to weave, Verg. G. 1, 285:

adnectit licia telis,

Tib. 1, 6, 79:

plurimis liciis texere, quae polymita appellant, Alexandria instituit,

Plin. 8, 48, 74, § 196.—

Transf.

A thread of the web:

per licia texta querelas Edidit et tacitis mandavit crimina telis,

Aus. Ep. 23, 14.—

A thread of any thing woven:

licia dependent longas velantia sepes,

Ov. F. 3, 267:

cinerem fici cum aluta inligatum licio e collo suspendere,

Plin. 23, 7, 63, § 125.—Often used in charms and spells:

tum cantata ligat cum fusco licia rhombo,

Ov. F. 2, 575:

terna tibi haec primum triplici diversa colore Licia circumdo,

Verg. E. 8, 73; Plin. 28, 4, 12, § 48.—As an ornament for the head, worn by women: licia crinibus addunt, Prud. ap. Symm. 2, 1104.—

A small girdle or belt around the abdomen; so in the law phrase: per lancem et licium furta concipere, i. e. to search in a house for stolen property; this was done per licium, with which the person making the search was covered, and per lancem, which he held before his face, in order not to be recognized by the women. This lanx was perforated. He was clothed [p. 1064] with a licium instead of his usual garments, that he might not be suspected of having brought in his clothes that which he might find and recognize as stolen property, Gell. 11, 18, 9; 16, 10; v. lanx.

mātrōna, ae, f. [id.], a married woman, wife, matron (whether she was in manu or not; consequently more general in its application than mater familias, which always denoted one who was in manu).

In gen.: matronam dictam esse proprie, quae in matrimonium cum viro convenisset, quoad in eo matrimonio maneret, etiamsi liberi nondum nati forent: dictamque esse ita a matris nomine non adepto jam sed cum spe et omine mox adipiscendi: unde ipsum quoque matrimonium dicitur;

matrem autem familias appellatam esse eam solam, quae in mariti manu mancipioque, aut in ejus, in cujus maritus, manu mancipicque esset: quoniam non in matrimonium tantum, sed in familiam quoque mariti, et in sui heredis locum venisset,

Gell. 18, 6, 8 and 9:

convocatis plebeis matronis,

Liv. 10, 23, 6.—Only rarely of a married woman, woman in general:

ut matronarum hic facta pernovit probe,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30:

quae (dea) quia partus matronarum tueatur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; cf.: et fetus matrona dabit, * Tib. 2, 5, 91:

cum prole matronisque nostris,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 27:

tyranni,

id. ib. 3, 2, 7: matronae muros complent, Enn. ap. Serv ad Verg. G. 1, 18 (Ann. v 376 Vahl.): tum muros variā cinxere coronā Matronae, * Verg. A. 11, 476: matronae tacitae spectent, tacitae rideant Plaut. Poen. prol. 32 [p. 1120] Suet. Ner. 27:

matronas prostratae pudicitiae,

id. Tib. 35:

dilectae adulter matronae,

Juv. 10, 319.—

Esp.

The word very early acquired the accessory idea of (moral or social) dignity, rank. Matronae is thus used even by Ennius of women of quality, ladies: matronae opulentae, optimates, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.); cf.

, in like manner, in Plautus: ubi istas videas summo genere natas Summates matronas,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 26;

so Cicero applies to the noble women carried off from the Sabines the term matronae,

Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:

matrona laris,

the lady of the house, Juv. 3, 110.—

With the accessory idea of estimable, virtuous, chaste, etc.: nominis matronae sanctitudinem, Afran. ap. Non. 174, 9:

eam hic ornatam adducas ad matronarum modum,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 196 Brix ad loc.; cf.:

matronarum sanctitas,

Cic. Cael. 13, 32:

VETERIS SANCTITATIS MATRONA,

Inscr. Orell. 2739. So opp. meretrix, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. Most. 1, 3, 33; id. Cas. 3, 3, 22:

ut matrona meretrici dispar erit atque Discolor,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 3; Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 48:

matronae praeter faciem nil cernere possis, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 94:

capitis matrona pudici,

Juv. 6, 49.—

Hence, an appellation of Juno:

hinc matrona Juno (stetit),

Hor. C. 3, 4, 59:

MATRONIS IVNONIBVS,

Inscr. Orell. 2085;

and of other protecting goddesses of places,

ib. 2081 sq. (But not of vestals; v. Drak. ad Liv. 29, 14, 12.)

Matrŏna, ae, m. (f., Aus. Mos. 462; Sid. Pan. 812), a river in Gaul, now the Marne, Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 2; Amm. 15, 11, 3; Aus. Mos. 462; Sid. Carm. 5, 208.

mātrōna, ae, f. [id.], a married woman, wife, matron (whether she was in manu or not; consequently more general in its application than mater familias, which always denoted one who was in manu).

In gen.: matronam dictam esse proprie, quae in matrimonium cum viro convenisset, quoad in eo matrimonio maneret, etiamsi liberi nondum nati forent: dictamque esse ita a matris nomine non adepto jam sed cum spe et omine mox adipiscendi: unde ipsum quoque matrimonium dicitur;

matrem autem familias appellatam esse eam solam, quae in mariti manu mancipioque, aut in ejus, in cujus maritus, manu mancipicque esset: quoniam non in matrimonium tantum, sed in familiam quoque mariti, et in sui heredis locum venisset,

Gell. 18, 6, 8 and 9:

convocatis plebeis matronis,

Liv. 10, 23, 6.—Only rarely of a married woman, woman in general:

ut matronarum hic facta pernovit probe,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 30:

quae (dea) quia partus matronarum tueatur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; cf.: et fetus matrona dabit, * Tib. 2, 5, 91:

cum prole matronisque nostris,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 27:

tyranni,

id. ib. 3, 2, 7: matronae muros complent, Enn. ap. Serv ad Verg. G. 1, 18 (Ann. v 376 Vahl.): tum muros variā cinxere coronā Matronae, * Verg. A. 11, 476: matronae tacitae spectent, tacitae rideant Plaut. Poen. prol. 32 [p. 1120] Suet. Ner. 27:

matronas prostratae pudicitiae,

id. Tib. 35:

dilectae adulter matronae,

Juv. 10, 319.—

Esp.

The word very early acquired the accessory idea of (moral or social) dignity, rank. Matronae is thus used even by Ennius of women of quality, ladies: matronae opulentae, optimates, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.); cf.

, in like manner, in Plautus: ubi istas videas summo genere natas Summates matronas,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 26;

so Cicero applies to the noble women carried off from the Sabines the term matronae,

Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:

matrona laris,

the lady of the house, Juv. 3, 110.—

With the accessory idea of estimable, virtuous, chaste, etc.: nominis matronae sanctitudinem, Afran. ap. Non. 174, 9:

eam hic ornatam adducas ad matronarum modum,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 196 Brix ad loc.; cf.:

matronarum sanctitas,

Cic. Cael. 13, 32:

VETERIS SANCTITATIS MATRONA,

Inscr. Orell. 2739. So opp. meretrix, Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 80; cf. id. Most. 1, 3, 33; id. Cas. 3, 3, 22:

ut matrona meretrici dispar erit atque Discolor,

Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 3; Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 48:

matronae praeter faciem nil cernere possis, etc.,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 94:

capitis matrona pudici,

Juv. 6, 49.—

Hence, an appellation of Juno:

hinc matrona Juno (stetit),

Hor. C. 3, 4, 59:

MATRONIS IVNONIBVS,

Inscr. Orell. 2085;

and of other protecting goddesses of places,

ib. 2081 sq. (But not of vestals; v. Drak. ad Liv. 29, 14, 12.)

Matrŏna, ae, m. (f., Aus. Mos. 462; Sid. Pan. 812), a river in Gaul, now the Marne, Caes. B. G. 1, 1, 2; Amm. 15, 11, 3; Aus. Mos. 462; Sid. Carm. 5, 208.

* * *

* * *

* * *