wiring+area

check

A n

1 ( inspection) (for quality, security) contrôle m (on sur) ; security check contrôle de sécurité ; to carry out checks exercer des contrôles ; to give sth a check vérifier qch ; to keep a (close) check on sb/sth surveiller qn/qch (de près) ;

2 Med examen m ; eye/breast check examen des yeux/des seins ;

3 ( restraint) frein m (on à) ; to put ou place a check on mettre un frein à [immigration, production, growth] ; to hold ou keep sb/sth in check contrôler qn/qch ; to hold oneself in check se maîtriser ;

4 ( in chess) in check en échec ; to put the King in check faire échec au roi ; your king is in check échec au roi ;

5 Tex ( fabric) tissu m à carreaux ; ( pattern) carreaux mpl ; ( square) carreau m ;

6 US ( cheque) chèque m ;

7 US ( bill) addition f ; to pick up the check payer l'addition ;

8 US ( receipt) ticket m ;

9 US ( tick) croix f (pour cocher).

B modif [fabric, garment etc] à carreaux.

C vtr

1 ( for security) vérifier [vehicle, mechanism, fuse] ; contrôler [person, baggage, product, ticket, passport, area] ; to check that/ whether vérifier que/si ; to check the toys for potential dangers vérifier que les jouets ne sont pas dangereux ; they checked the hotel for bombs/gas leaks ils se sont assurés qu'il n'y avait pas de bombe/fuite de gaz dans l'hôtel ;

2 (for accuracy, reliability) vérifier [bill, data, statement, terms, signature, banknote] ; contrôler [accounts, invoice, output, work] ; corriger [proofs, spelling, translation] ; to check sth for accuracy vérifier l'exactitude de qch ; to check sth for defects contrôler la qualité de qch ; to check that/whether vérifier que/si ; to check sth against collationner qch avec [original document] ; vérifier qch par rapport à [recorded data, inventory] ; comparer qch avec [signature] ;

3 (for health, progress) prendre [temperature, blood pressure] ; tester [reflexes] ; examiner [eyesight] ; to check that/whether vérifier que/si ; to check sb's progress vérifier les progrès de qn ;

4 ( inspect) examiner [watch, map, pocket, wallet] ;

5 ( find out) vérifier [times, details, information] ; to check if ou whether vérifier si ; to check the availability of sth vérifier si qch est disponible ; I need to check how cold it is/where the station is je dois vérifier s'il fait froid/où se trouve la gare ; to check with sb that demander à qn si ; I had to check with him that it was OK j'ai dû lui demander si ça ne posait pas de problèmes ;

6 ( curb) contrôler [price rises, inflation] ; freiner [increase, growth, progress] ; réduire [abuse, emigration, influence] ; démentir [rumour] ; déjouer [plans] ;

7 (restrain, keep in) maîtriser [emotions] ; retenir [tears, exclamation] ; she checked an impulse to laugh elle s'est retenue pour ne pas rire ;

8 ( stop) arrêter [person, animal, enemy advance, rebellion] ;

9 ( in chess) faire échec à [player, chesspiece] ;

10 Comput cocher ;

11 ( in hockey) bloquer [shot] ;

12 US ( for safekeeping) mettre [qch] au vestiaire [coat] ; mettre [qch] à la consigne [baggage] ;

13 US ( register) enregistrer [baggage] ;

14 US ( tick) = check off.

D vi

1 ( verify) vérifier (whether, if si) ; to check with sb demander à qn ;

2 ( examine) to check for dépister [problems, disease, defects] ; chercher [leaks, flaws, danger signs] ;

3 ( register) to check into arriver à [hotel] ;

4 US ( tally) [accounts] être exact ;

5 ( in poker) passer.

E v refl

1 ( restrain) to check oneself se retenir ;

2 ( inspect) to check oneself in the mirror se regarder dans la glace.

F excl

1 ( in chess) check! échec au roi! ;

2 ○ US ( expressing agreement) d'ac ○, d'accord.

G checked pp adj

1 Tex [fabric, pattern, garment] à carreaux ;

2 Ling [vowel, syllable] entravé.

■ check in:

▶ check in ( at airport) enregistrer ; ( at hotel) remplir la fiche (at à) ; US ( clock in) pointer (à l'entrée) ;

▶ check [sb/sth] in, check in [sb/sth]

1 Aviat, Tourism enregistrer [baggage, passengers] ; accueillir [hotel guest] ;

2 US ( for safekeeping) ( give) mettre [qch] à la consigne [baggage] ; mettre [qch] au vestiaire [coat] ; ( take) [attendant] prendre [qch] en consigne [baggage] ; prendre [qch] au vestiaire [coat].

■ check off:

▶ check off [sth], check [sth] off cocher [items, names].

■ check on:

▶ check on [sb/sth]

1 ( observe) surveiller [person] ; to check on sb's progress vérifier les progrès de qn ;

2 ( investigate) faire une enquête sur [person] ; vérifier [information] ; to check on how/whether voir comment/si.

■ check out:

▶ check out

1 ( leave) partir ; to check out of quitter [hotel etc] ;

2 ( be correct) [information, story] être correct ; [figures, details] correspondre ;

3 US ( clock out) pointer (à la sortie) ;

4 ○ euph ( die) mourir, casser sa pipe ○ ;

▶ check out [sth], check [sth] out

1 ( investigate) vérifier [information] ; examiner [package, area, building] ; prendre [blood pressure] ; se renseigner sur [club, scheme] ;

2 ○ ( try) essayer [place, food] ;

3 US ( remove) ( from library) emprunter (from de) ; (from cloakroom, left luggage) retirer (from de) ;

▶ check [sb] out, check out [sb]

1 ( screen) faire une enquête sur [person] ; he's been checked out il a fait l'objet d'une enquête ;

2 ( from hotel) to check out the guests s'occuper des formalités de départ des clients ;

3 US ( at supermarket) s'occuper de [customer] ;

4 ○ US ( take a look at) regarder, viser ○ ; check him out! vise un peu ○ !

■ check over:

▶ check [sth] over vérifier [document, wiring, machine] ;

▶ check [sb] over Med faire un examen médical à [person].

■ check through:

▶ check [sth] through

1 vérifier [data, work] ;

2 US Aviat enregistrer [luggage] ; I've checked her luggage through to Chicago j'ai enregistré ses bagages pour Chicago.

■ check up:

▶ check up vérifier (that que) ;

▶ check up [sth] vérifier [story] ; contrôler [accounts].

■ check up on:

▶ check up on [sb] ( observe) surveiller [person] ; ( investigate) faire une enquête sur [person] ;

▶ check up on [sth] vérifier [story, details].

 

(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]

Этот ток обозначают I_Z
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]

EN

(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]

ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]

FR

courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]

Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:

• its insulation temperature rating;
• conductor electrical properties for current;
• frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
• ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
• ambient temperature.

Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.

The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.

In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.

Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.

The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.

For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.

Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.

When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:

• Wires
• Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
• Fuses
• Circuit breakers
• All or nearly all components used

Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]

Тематики

• электротехника, основные понятия

Синонимы

• длительно допустимый ток
• допустимый ток

EN

• ampacity (US)
• continuous current
• continuous current-carrying capacity
• current-carrying capacity

DE

• Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
• Strombelastbarkeit, f

FR

• courant admissible, m
• courant permanent admissible, m