-
1 WILM
1) Радио: AM-1450, Wilmington, Delaware2) Правительство: Wilmington, Delaware, Wilmington, North Carolina -
2 Wilm.
Юридический термин: Wilmot's Notes and Opinions, King's Bench -
3 Wilm.
сокр. от Wilmot's Notes and Opinions, King's Bench -
4 Wilma
[ʹwılmə] nУильма, Вильма ( женское имя) -
5 Merica, Paul Dyer
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 17 March 1889 Warsaw, Indiana, USAd. 20 October 1957 Tarrytown, New York, USA[br]American physical metallurgist who elucidated the mechanism of the age-hardening of alloys.[br]Merica graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1908. Before proceeding to the University of Berlin, he spent some time teaching in Wisconsin and in China. He obtained his doctorate in Berlin in 1914, and in that year he joined the US National Bureau of Standards (NBS) in Washington. During his five years there, he investigated the causes of the phenomenon of age-hardening of the important new alloy of aluminium, Duralumin.This phenomenon had been discovered not long before by Dr Alfred Wilm, a German research metallurgist. During the early years of the twentieth century, Wilm had been seeking a suitable light alloy for making cartridge cases for the Prussian government. In the autumn of 1909 he heated and quenched an aluminium alloy containing 3.5 per cent copper and 0.5 per cent magnesium and found its properties unremarkable. He happened to test it again some days later and was impressed to find its hardness and strength were much improved: Wilm had accidentally discovered age-hardening. He patented the alloy, but he made his rights over to Durener Metallwerke, who marketed it as Duralumin. This light and strong alloy was taken up by aircraft makers during the First World War, first for Zeppelins and then for other aircraft.Although age-hardened alloys found important uses, the explanation of the phenomenon eluded metallurgists until in 1919 Merica and his colleagues at the NBS gave the first rational explanation of age-hardening in light alloys. When these alloys were heated to temperatures near their melting points, the alloying constituents were taken into solution by the matrix. Quenching retained the alloying metals in supersaturated solid solution. At room temperature very small crystals of various intermetallic compounds were precipitated and, by inserting themselves in the aluminium lattice, had the effect of increasing the hardness and strength of the alloy. Merica's theory stimulated an intensive study of hardening and the mechanism that brought it about, with important consequences for the development of new alloys with special properties.In 1919 Merica joined the International Nickel Company as Director of Research, a post he held for thirty years and followed by a three-year period as President. He remained in association with the company until his death.[br]Bibliography1919, "Heat treatment and constitution of Duralumin", Sci. Papers, US Bureau of Standards, no. 37; 1932, "The age-hardening of metals", Transactions of the American Institution of Min. Metal 99:13–54 (his two most important papers).Further ReadingZ.Jeffries, 1959, "Paul Dyer Merica", Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Science 33:226–39 (contains a list of Merica's publications and biographical details).LRD
См. также в других словарях:
Wilm — ist: eine Kurzform/Variante des Vornamens Wilhelm: Wilm Herlyn (* 1945), Chefredakteur bei der Deutschen Presse Agentur (dpa) Wilm Hosenfeld (1895–1952), Offizier der Wehrmacht Wilm Weppelmann (* 1957), Bild , Text und Gartenkünstler aus Münster… … Deutsch Wikipedia
WILM — is the callsign of two broadcast stations in the United States:*WILM LD, a digital television station affiliated with CBS in Wilmington, North Carolina, broadcasting on UHF channel 40 *WILM (AM), a radio station in Wilmington, Delaware,… … Wikipedia
Wilm — Wilm, Peter Nikolai von, Komponist, geb. 4. März 1834 in Riga, 1851–56 Schüler des Leipziger Konservatoriums, wurde auf längern Studien reisen 1857 zweiter Kapellmeister am Stadttheater in Riga und 1860 Musiklehrer am Nikolai Institut in… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
WILM-LD — Infobox Broadcast call letters = WILM LD station station slogan = Wilmington s Weather Station station branding = CBS 10 WILM WRAL News analog = Time Warner cable 12 Charter cable 16 digital = 40 (UHF) Time Warner cable 914| affiliations = 10.1… … Wikipedia
WILM (AM) — Infobox Radio station name = WILM city = Wilmington, Delaware area = branding = slogan = Newsradio airdate = frequency = 1450 kHz format = News/Talk power = 1000 watts class = C facility id = coordinates = coord|39|43|46|N|75|33|07|W callsign… … Wikipedia
Wilm — Wịlm, 1) Alfred, Hütteningenieur, * Nieder Schellendorf (Niederschlesien) 25. 6. 1869, ✝ Saalberg (bei Hirschberg im Riesengebirge) 6. 8. 1937, erfand 1906/07 die Leichtmetalllegierung Duralumin® und entwickelte ein Verfahren zu ihrer… … Universal-Lexikon
Wilm Hosenfeld — (eigentlich: Wilhelm Hosenfeld) (* 2. Mai 1895 in Mackenzell bei Fulda; † 13. August 1952 in Stalingrad) war ein Wehrmachtsoffizier im Zweiten Weltkrieg, der während der deutschen Besatzung Warschaus mehreren (insgesamt vermutlich zwölf)… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Wilm Hosenfeld — (full name: Wilhelm Hosenfeld; May 2 1895 in Mackenzell, Hessen Nassau, Germany ndash;August 13 1952 near Stalingrad), originally a teacher, was a German army officer who rose to the rank of captain by the end of the war. He helped to hide or… … Wikipedia
Wilm Hosenfeld — (nombre completo: Wilhelm Hosenfeld; Mackenzell, 2 de mayo de 1895 Stalingrado, 13 de agosto de 1952), en su juventud profesor, fue un oficial alemán de la Wehrmacht en la Segunda Guerra Mundial que alcanzó el rango de capitán al final de la… … Wikipedia Español
Wilm Weppelmann — (2005) Wilm Weppelmann (* 17. April 1957 in Lüdinghausen) ist ein deutscher Fotograf, Autor, Konzeptkünstler und zeitkritischer Künstler. Wilm Weppelmann setzt sich in seinen Werken mit den existenziellen Fragen menschlichen Lebens auseinander.… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Wilm hosenfeld — Wilm Hosenfeld, né le 2 mai 1895 à Mackenzell et mort le 13 août 1952 à Stalingrad, était un officier (capitaine) de la Wehrmacht au cours de la seconde Guerre mondiale. Il est surtout connu à travers l autobiographie du… … Wikipédia en Français
