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1 ÁÐAN
adv.1) before (löngu á.);2) a little while ago (Kolr fór frá seli á.).* * *adv. [cp. Ulf. apn = ivtavrós, Gal. iv. 10, and atapni, id.], a little before, a little while ago, erewhile; Kolr for frá seli á., Nj. 55; á. er vit skildum, Lv. 34; slíkt sem á. talða ek, as I said just above (of the Speaker reading the law in the lögrétta), Grág. i. 49, ii. 242; nu a., just now, 656 G. 39. -
2 ALLS
I)gen. sing. of allr, used as an adv.;1) a. ekki (eigi), not at all, by no means;þeir ugðu a. ekki at sér, they were not a bit afraid;a. engi, no one at all;sometimes without a negative following it, quite, altogether;ær a. geldar, ewes quite barren;a. vesall, altogether wretched;hann var eigi a. tvítugr, not quite twenty years old;2) in connection with numbers, in all;alls fórust níu menn, there perished nine in all;3) far;alls of lengi, alls til lengi, far too long a time.conj. as, since (alls þú ert góðr drengr kallaðr);with addition of ‘er’ (alls er þú ert svá þráhaldr á þínu máli).* * *and als, conj. [Ulf. allis = γάρ; Engl. as, contr. = als; cp. the consecutive als in Grimm D. W. sub voce, col. 257 sqq.], as, while, since; freq. in Lex. Poët. in old poets, less freq. in old prose writers, rare in the classics of the 13th century: used four times in the treatise of Thorodd,—alls hann sjálfr er hebreskr stafr, Skálda 167; alls vér erum einnar tungu, 161; alls engi grein er enn á gör, 162; alls þeir höfðu áðr allir eitt hljóð, 166,—and as often in the old Heiðarv. S.—alls þú ert góðr drengr kallaðr, Ísl. ii. 366; alls Barði var eigi bítr á fébætr, 386; alls þú rekr þitt erendi, 483; alls þú hefir þó hér til nokkorar ásjá ætlað, Ld. 42; alls þeir máttu ekki sínum vilja fram koma, Boll. 348; alls hann trúir mér til, Fs. (Hallfr. S.) 90: alls þú hefir þó áðr giptu til mín sótt, Fms. v. 254; alls þeir höfðu frítt lið, viii. 362. With the addition of ‘er’ (at); en þó, alls er þú ert svá þráhaldr á þínu máli, Fms. i. 305; alls er ek reyni, at…, as I …, ii. 262, (Grág. i. 142 is a false reading = allt), Fas. ii. 283: with addition of ‘þó,’ alls þó hefir þetta með meirum fádæmum gengið, heldr en hvert annara, þá vil ek …, but considering that…, Band. 32 new Ed.; cp. Lex. Poët. -
3 BRAGR
m.1) poetry, = skáldskapr;* * *ar, m. [akin to bragð, braga, bragi, etc.]I. best, foremost; b. kvenna, best of women, Skv. 2. 15; Ása b., best of Ases, Skm. 34; b. karla eðr kvenna, Edda 17: only used in poetry or poët. language, cp. the A. S. brego ( princeps) Egypta, Norðmanna, Israelita, Gumena, Engla, etc.:—hence the compd bragar-full or braga-full, n. a toasting cup, to be drunk esp. at funeral feasts; it seems properly to mean the king’s toast (cp. Bragi = princeps), i. e. the toast in the memory of the deceased king or earl, which was to be drunk first; the heir to the throne rose to drink this toast, and while doing so put his feet on the footstool of his seat and made a solemn vow (stíga á stokk ok strengja heit); he then for the first time took his father’s seat, and the other guests in their turn made similar vows. For a graphic description of this heathen sacred custom, vide Yngl. S. Hkr. i. 49, Hervar. S. Fas. i. 417 and 515, Hkv. Hjörv. 32, Ragn. S. Fas. i. 345. It is likely that the b. was mostly used at funeral banquets, though the passages in the Ragn. and Hervar. S. (cp. also Hænsaþ. S. ch. 12) seem to imply its use at other festivals, as weddings; cp. also the description of the funeral banquet, Hkr. i. 231, where ‘minni hans’ ( the toast of the dead king) answers to bragarfull; cp. also the funeral banquet recorded in Jómsvik. S., where the Danish king Sweyn made the vow ‘at bragarfulli’ to conquer England within three winters. This is said to have been the prelude to the great Danish invasion A. D. 994, Fagrsk. 44, and Hkr. to l. c. The best MSS. prefer the reading bragar- (from bragr, princeps), not braga-.II. nearly like Lat. mos, a fashion, habit of life, in compds as, bæjar-bragr, heimilis-bragr, híbýla-bragr, house life; sveitar-bragr, country life; bónda-bragr, yeoman life; héraðs-bragr, lands-bragr, etc. Icel. say good or bad bæjarbragr, Bb. I. 15.III. poetry; gefr hann (viz. Odin) brag skáldum, Hdl. 5, Edda 17: in mod. usage chiefly melody or metre.COMPDS: bragarbót, bragarfræði, bragarlaun, bragarmál.
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