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while+he+was+out

  • 101 Д-399

    КРИВИТЬ/ПОКРИВИТЬ ДУШОЙ (перед кем, в чём против чего) coll VP subj: human fixed WO
    to say sth. one knows to be false or do sth. one knows to be wrong, ignoring one's conscience ( usu. pretending to be sincere while attempting to deceive s.o. or o.s.): X кривит душой (перед Y-ом) - X is lying (to Y)
    X is bending the truth X is playing false (with Y) X isn't being straight (with Y) (in limited contexts) X is going (acting etc) against his conscience (in doing sth.)
    X кривит душой перед самим собой — X is deceiving (trying to deceive) himself
    не кривя душой - without dissembling
    (in limited contexts) without holding anything back.
    «Нюся?» - «Она. - Он подмигнул мне. - Ничего девка?» — «Красивая». Возможно, я покривил душой, но что я мог еще сказать (Войнович 5). "Nyusa?" That's her, all right." He winked at me. "Good stuff?" "Beautiful," I said. Perhaps I was bending the truth, but what else could I do? (5a).
    «Он (председатель), дьявол, на нас взъелся... А из-за чего?..» Тут Лизка немного покривила душой. На самом-то деле она знала, из-за чего взъелся на них председатель (Абрамов 1). "That monster (the Chairman) is out to get us....And for what?..." Lizka was playing somewhat false here. She did in fact know why the Chairman was out to get them... (1a).
    Александров садится в сознании выполненного долга и избегнутой опасности. В самом деле, он не покривил душой, дурного не сказал, товарища не предал... (Эткинд 1)....Aleksandrov can sit down with the feeling of duty done and danger avoided. And indeed he has not spoken against his conscience or said anything shameful, he has not betrayed his comrade... (1a).
    Кровь кинулась Григорию в голову, когда напал глазами на свой курень... «Не щипет ( ungrammat = щиплет) глаза?» - улыбнулся Пантелей Прокофьевич, оглядываясь, и Григорий, не лукавя и не кривя душой, сознался: «щипет... даишо ( ungrammat = еще) как!..» (Шолохов 3). The blood rushed to Grigory's head as his eyes rested on his own home...."Aren't your eyes stinging?" Pantelei smiled as he looked round at his son, and Grigory confessed frankly and without dissembling, "Yes they are-that they are!" (3a).
    ...C кем и за кого мы? Давайте же поговорим по-товарищески, не кривя душой» (Шолохов 3). "Who are we with? Who do we support?...Let's talk it over in a spirit of comradeship without holding anything back" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Д-399

  • 102 О-51

    БЕЗ ОГЛЙДКИ coll PrepP, Invar, adv
    1. бежать, убегать и т. п. - (to run, run away etc) very quickly and without turning around to look behind one: (fast and) without a backward glance
    (fast and) without looking back with abandon.
    Орозкул встал, подтянул штаны и, боясь оглянуться, затрусил прочь... Но Кулубек остановил его: «Стой! Мы тебе скажем последнее слово. У тебя никогда не будет детей. Ты злой и негодный человек... Уходи — и чтобы навсегда. А ну быстрее!» Орозкул побежал без оглядки (Айтматов 1). Огог-kul stood up, pulled up his trousers, and, afraid to glance back, ran away at a quick trot....But Kulubek stopped him: "Wait! We'll say to you one final word. You will never have any children. You are an evil and worthless man....Go from here-forever. Double quick!" Orozkul ran off without a backward glance (1a).
    2. (to make a decision, set out upon a course of action etc) resolutely, without vacillation
    without looking back
    without a backward glance without any hesitation without a second thought without thinking twice.
    3. предаваться чему, делать что и т. п. - (to do sth.) unrestrainedly, forgetting all else, (indulge in sth.) without limiting o.s. etc
    unreservedly
    without restraint (reserve) (give o.s.) completely (to sth.).
    4. любить кого, верить кому \О-51 (to love s.o.) to the greatest possible extent, (to trust s.o.) fully and completely
    without any reservations
    without reservation unreservedly unconditionally.
    ...Любить она (Кира) умела, как любят сейчас на Земле, -спокойно и без оглядки... (Стругацкие 4). Куга was capable of true love, the way women on Earth would love-quiet and without any reservations (4a).
    5. imprudently, without due consideration
    carelessly
    recklessly rashly thoughtlessly indiscriminately.
    Вместе с Ахматовой он (Мандельштам) выдумал игру: у каждого из них есть кучка талонов на признание поэтов, но она - жмот, сквалыга - свои талоны бережёт, а он истратил последний на старика Звенигородского и просит взаймы хоть один, хоть половинку... Она действительно свои талоны берегла, а в старости стала раздавать их без оглядки - направо и налево (Мандельштам 2). Не (Mandelstam) and Akhmatova even invented a game: each of them had a certain number of tokens to be expended on the recognition of poets - but while she was tightfisted and hung on to her tokens for all she was worth, he spent his last one on old Zvenigorodski, and then had to beg her to "lend" him one, or even half of one....Having hoarded them up so jealously, in her old age Akhmatova began to hand out her tokens indiscriminately, right, left, and center (2a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > О-51

  • 103 кривить душой

    • КРИВИТЬ/ПОКРИВИТЬ ДУШОЙ (переднем, в чём; против чего) coll
    [VP; subj: human; fixed WO) to say sth. one knows to be false or do sth. one knows to be wrong, ignoring ones conscience (usu. pretending to be sincere while attempting to deceive s.o. or o.s.): X кривит душой (перед Y-ом) - X is lying (to Y); X is bending the truth; X is playing false (with Y); X isn't being straight (with Y); [in limited contexts]
    =====
    ⇒ X is going (acting etc) against his conscience (in doing sth.); || X кривит душой перед самим собой ≈ X is deceiving (trying to deceive) himself; || не кривя душой ≈ without dissembling; [in limited contexts] without holding anything back.
         ♦ "Нюся?" - "Она. - Он подмигнул мне. - Ничего девка?" - "Красивая". Возможно, я покривил душой, но что я мог еще сказать (Войнович 5). "Nyusa?" "That's her, all right." He winked at me. "Good stuff?" "Beautiful," I said. Perhaps I was bending the truth, but what else could I do? (5a).
         ♦ "Он [председатель], дьявол, на нас взъелся... А из-за чего?.." Тут Лизка немного покривила душой. На самом-то деле она знала, из-за чего взъелся на них председатель (Абрамов 1). "That monster [the Chairman] is out to get us....And for what?..." Lizka was playing somewhat false here. She did in fact know why the Chairman was out to get them... (1a).
         ♦...Александров садится в сознании выполненного долга и избегнутой опасности. В самом деле, он не покривил душой, дурного не сказал, товарища не предал... (Эткинд 1)....Aleksandrov can sit down with the feeling of duty done and danger avoided. And indeed he has not spoken against his conscience or said anything shameful; he has not betrayed his comrade... (1a).
         ♦ Кровь кинулась Григорию в голову, когда напал глазами на свой курень... "Не щипет [ungrammat = щиплет] глаза?" - улыбнулся Пантелей Прокофьевич, оглядываясь, и Григорий, не лукавя и не кривя душой, сознался: "щипет... даишо [ungrammat = ещё] как!.." (Шолохов 3). The blood rushed to Grigory's head as his eyes rested on his own home...."Aren't your eyes stinging?" Pantelei smiled as he looked round at his son, and Grigory confessed frankly and without dissembling, "Yes they are-that they are!" (3a).
         ♦ "...С кем и за кого мы? Давайте же поговорим по-товарищески, не кривя душой" (Шолохов 3). "Who are we with? Who do we support?...Let's talk it over in a spirit of comradeship without holding anything back" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > кривить душой

  • 104 покривить душой

    • КРИВИТЬ/ПОКРИВИТЬ ДУШОЙ (переднем, в чём; против чего) coll
    [VP; subj: human; fixed WO) to say sth. one knows to be false or do sth. one knows to be wrong, ignoring ones conscience (usu. pretending to be sincere while attempting to deceive s.o. or o.s.): X кривит душой (перед Y-ом) - X is lying (to Y); X is bending the truth; X is playing false (with Y); X isn't being straight (with Y); [in limited contexts]
    =====
    ⇒ X is going (acting etc) against his conscience (in doing sth.); || X кривит душой перед самим собой ≈ X is deceiving (trying to deceive) himself; || не кривя душой ≈ without dissembling; [in limited contexts] without holding anything back.
         ♦ "Нюся?" - "Она. - Он подмигнул мне. - Ничего девка?" - "Красивая". Возможно, я покривил душой, но что я мог еще сказать (Войнович 5). "Nyusa?" "That's her, all right." He winked at me. "Good stuff?" "Beautiful," I said. Perhaps I was bending the truth, but what else could I do? (5a).
         ♦ "Он [председатель], дьявол, на нас взъелся... А из-за чего?.." Тут Лизка немного покривила душой. На самом-то деле она знала, из-за чего взъелся на них председатель (Абрамов 1). "That monster [the Chairman] is out to get us....And for what?..." Lizka was playing somewhat false here. She did in fact know why the Chairman was out to get them... (1a).
         ♦...Александров садится в сознании выполненного долга и избегнутой опасности. В самом деле, он не покривил душой, дурного не сказал, товарища не предал... (Эткинд 1)....Aleksandrov can sit down with the feeling of duty done and danger avoided. And indeed he has not spoken against his conscience or said anything shameful; he has not betrayed his comrade... (1a).
         ♦ Кровь кинулась Григорию в голову, когда напал глазами на свой курень... "Не щипет [ungrammat = щиплет] глаза?" - улыбнулся Пантелей Прокофьевич, оглядываясь, и Григорий, не лукавя и не кривя душой, сознался: "щипет... даишо [ungrammat = ещё] как!.." (Шолохов 3). The blood rushed to Grigory's head as his eyes rested on his own home...."Aren't your eyes stinging?" Pantelei smiled as he looked round at his son, and Grigory confessed frankly and without dissembling, "Yes they are-that they are!" (3a).
         ♦ "...С кем и за кого мы? Давайте же поговорим по-товарищески, не кривя душой" (Шолохов 3). "Who are we with? Who do we support?...Let's talk it over in a spirit of comradeship without holding anything back" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > покривить душой

  • 105 без оглядки

    [PrepP; Invar; adv]
    =====
    1. бежать, убегать и т.п. без оглядки (to run, run away etc) very quickly and without turning around to look behind one:
    - with abandon.
         ♦ Орозкул встал, подтянул штаны и, боясь оглянуться, затрусил прочь... Но Кулубек остановил его: " Стой! Мы тебе скажем последнее слово. У тебя никогда не будет детей. Ты злой и негодный человек... Уходи - и чтобы навсегда. А ну быстрее!" Орозкул побежал без оглядки (Айтматов 1). Orozkul stood up, pulled up his trousers, and, afraid to glance back, ran away at a quick trot....But Kulubek stopped him: "Wait! We'll say to you one final word. You will never have any children. You are an evil and worthless man....Go from here-forever. Double quick!" Orozkul ran off without a backward glance (1a).
    2. (to make a decision, set out upon a course of action etc) resolutely, without vacillation:
    - without thinking twice.
    3. предаваться чему, делать что и т.п. без оглядки (to do sth.) unrestrainedly, forgetting all else, (indulge in sth.) without limiting o.s. etc:
    - (give o.s.) completely (to sth.).
    4. любить кого, верить кому без оглядки (to love s.o.) to the greatest possible extent, (to trust s.o.) fully and completely:
    - unconditionally.
         ♦...Любить она [Кира] умела, как любят сейчас на Земле, - спокойно и без оглядки... (Стругацкие 4). Kyra was capable of true love, the way women on Earth would love-quiet and without any reservations (4a).
    5. imprudently, without due consideration:
    - indiscriminately.
         ♦ Вместе с Ахматовой он [Мандельштам] выдумал игру: у каждого из них есть кучка талонов на признание поэтов, но она - жмот, сквалыга - свои талоны бережёт, а он истратил последний на старика Звенигородского и просит взаймы хоть один, хоть половинку... Она действительно свои талоны берегла, а в старости стала раздавать их без оглядки - направо и налево (Мандельштам 2). Не [Mandelstam] and Akhmatova even invented a game: each of them had a certain number of tokens to be expended on the recognition of poets - but while she was tightfisted and hung on to her tokens for all she was worth, he spent his last one on old Zvenigorodski, and then had to beg her to "lend" him one, or even half of one....Having hoarded them up so jealously, in her old age Akhmatova began to hand out her tokens indiscriminately, right, left, and center (2a)

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > без оглядки

  • 106 guardia

    f guard
    guardia forestale forest ranger
    guardia medica, medico m di guardia doctor on duty
    fare la guardia keep guard or watch
    stare in guardia be on one's guard
    * * *
    guardia s.f.
    1 (custodia, vigilanza, difesa) guard, watch: fare la guardia a qlcu., a qlco., to guard s.o., sthg.; fare la guardia a un prigioniero, to guard a prisoner; fare buona guardia, to keep a good watch; montare la guardia, to stand (o to mount) guard; smontare la guardia, to go off duty (o to stand down), (mil.) essere di guardia, to be on (guard) duty, (di medico, custode) to be on duty; chi è il medico di guardia stanotte?, which doctor is on duty tonight?; dare il cambio alla guardia, to relieve the guard; (mil., mar.) turno di guardia, watch; (mil.) chi farà il turno di guardia?, who is on guard duty?; stai di guardia e dicci quando arriva, (fam.) keep a look out and tell us when he's coming; cinque poliziotti erano stati messi a guardia dell'entrata, five policemen were guarding the entrance // guardia medica, first-aid station // cane da guardia, watchdog
    2 (chi ha compiti di vigilanza) guard; (sentinella) sentry, sentinel; (custode) watchman*, caretaker: guardia carceraria, warder (o jailer); guardia del corpo, bodyguard; guardia del fuoco, fireman; guardia daziaria, customs officer; guardia d'onore, guard of honour; guardia di pubblica sicurezza, policeman; guardia campestre, country warden; guardia forestale, forester (o forest warden); guardia giurata, security guard; guardia notturna, night watchman; (mil.) ufficiale di guardia, duty officer; (mar.) officer of the watch; guardie a cavallo, horse guards; guardie a piedi, footguards; il cambio della guardia, the changing of the guard; (fig.) changeover // corpo di guardia, the guard; (edificio) guardhouse; (stanza) guardroom // chiamare le guardie, (fam.) to call the police // guardia nazionale, the National Guard // la vecchia guardia, the old guard: essere della vecchia guardia, to be a member of the old guard // giocare a guardie e ladri, (fam.) to play cops and robbers
    3 (posizione di difesa) guard: (scherma, boxe) in guardia, on guard; abbassare la guardia, to lower one's guard // mettere qlcu. in guardia da qlco., to warn s.o. against sthg.: lo misi in guardia da quei pericoli, I warned him against those dangers // mentre non stavo in guardia..., while I was off my guard... // stai in guardia, be careful (o watch out o be on your guard)
    4 (parte dell'elsa) (hilt-)guard
    5 (di libro) flyleaf*
    6 (tess.) shuttle guide
    7 (di fiume) safety high water mark: il Po è sotto il livello di guardia, the Po is below the safety high water mark // superare il livello di guardia, to exceed the safety limit; il tasso di inquinamento ha superato il livello di guardia, the level of pollution has reached danger point.
    * * *
    ['ɡwardja]
    1. sf
    1) (individuo, corpo) guard
    2) (sorveglianza: gen) Naut watch, (Mil : servizio) guard duty, sentry duty

    lasciare qn a guardia di qc — to leave sb to look after sth, leave sb to keep an eye on sth, leave sth in sb's care

    fare la guardia a qn/qc — to guard sb/sth

    3) Pugilato Scherma guard, (di spada) hilt
    2.
    * * *
    ['gwardja]
    sostantivo femminile
    1) (sorveglianza, custodia) guard, watch

    montare di guardia — [ soldato] to go on guard, to mount guard

    fare la guardia a — mil. to keep o stand guard over; [ cane] to guard [ casa]

    cane da guardia — guard dog, watchdog

    essere di guardia — [ soldato] to be on guard (duty); [dottore, infermiere] to be on call

    turno di guardia — mil. turn of duty, guard duty

    3) (sorvegliante) guard; (poliziotto) policeman*, constable BE
    4) (reparto militare) guard, guards pl.
    5) sport guard

    abbassare la guardia — to lower o drop o relax one's guard (anche fig.)

    •

    guardia di finanza — = military corps dealing with customs, excise and tax crimes

    guardia forestale — forester, forest ranger AE

    guardia d'onore — guard of honour BE, honor guard AE

    ••

    mettere in guardia qcn. — to warn o caution sb.

    * * *
    guardia
    /'gwardja/ ⇒ 18
    sostantivo f.
     1 (sorveglianza, custodia) guard, watch; montare di guardia [ soldato] to go on guard, to mount guard; fare la guardia a mil. to keep o stand guard over; [ cane] to guard [ casa]; cane da guardia guard dog, watchdog
     2 (servizio di vigilanza) essere di guardia [ soldato] to be on guard (duty); [dottore, infermiere] to be on call; turno di guardia mil. turn of duty, guard duty
     3 (sorvegliante) guard; (poliziotto) policeman*, constable BE; giocare a -e e ladri to play cops and robbers
     4 (reparto militare) guard, guards pl.; la vecchia guardia the old guard (anche fig.)
     5 sport guard; in guardia! on guard! abbassare la guardia to lower o drop o relax one's guard (anche fig.)
    mettere in guardia qcn. to warn o caution sb.; stare in guardia da to be on one's guard against
    \
    guardia carceraria prison officer BE o guard AE; guardia del corpo bodyguard; guardia costiera coastguard; guardia di finanza = military corps dealing with customs, excise and tax crimes; guardia forestale forester, forest ranger AE; guardia giurata security guard; guardia medica emergency medical service; guardia notturna night watchman; guardia d'onore guard of honour BE, honor guard AE; guardia svizzera Swiss Guard.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > guardia

  • 107 odbi|ć

    pf — odbi|jać1 impf (odbiję — odbijam) Ⅰ vt 1. Fiz. to reflect [światło, ciepło, dźwięk]
    - śnieg odbija część promieni słonecznych snow reflects some of the sun’s rays
    2. (ukazać obraz) [lustro, woda, szkło] to reflect, to mirror [obraz, wizerunek, postać]
    - ich twarze odbite w tafli wody their faces reflected a. mirrored on (the surface of) water
    - lustro odbiło jego podobiznę the mirror reflected his image
    3. Sport (zmienić kierunek) to deflect [strzał, piłkę]; (w tenisie, badmintonie) to return [piłkę, lotkę] 4. (nanieść maszynowo) to print; (powielić) to (make a) copy of; (odcisnąć) to impress
    - odbić pieczęć na dokumencie to stamp a document, to impress a document with a stamp a. seal
    - maszyna, która odbija kolorowy wzór na koszulkach a machine which prints a coloured pattern on T-shirts
    - ślad dłoni odbity w glinie/na piasku an impression of a hand in clay/sand
    - odbić dokument/stronę na ksero(kopiarce) to xerox® a. photocopy a document/page
    - ulotki odbijane na powielaczu leaflets printed on a. produced by a duplicating machine
    5. (otworzyć) to prise [sth] open, to prise open, to pry [sth] open, to pry open US [skrzynię, drzwi]; to open [wieko, pokrywę] 6. (odkruszyć) to chip [sth] off, to chip off [farbę, rdzę, tynk] 7. (uszkodzić części ciała) to injure [nerkę] 8. (uwolnić) to retake, to recapture [miasto, twierdzę]; to rescue [zakładników, jeńca, więźniów] 9 pot. (uwieść) to take away [żonę, kochanka, dziewczynę]
    - najlepsza przyjaciółka odbiła mi chłopaka my best friend has taken my boyfriend away from me
    - brat odbił mi dziewczynę w tańcu my brother cut in while I was dancing with a girl
    10 (odkorkować) to hit hard the bottom of a bottle with the palm of the hand so as to loosen the cork Ⅱ vi 1. (oddalić się od brzegu) [kajak, łódź] to push off; [statek, jacht, załoga] to set sail
    - wskoczyła do pontonu i pośpiesznie odbiła od brzegu she jumped into a dingy and hurriedly pushed off
    - nasz statek odbił/odbiliśmy od przystani o zachodzie słońca our ship/we set sail and left the haven at sunset
    2. (wyładować) to vent, to take [sth] out [gniew, zły humor] (na kimś on sb)
    - odbijać na kimś swoje niepowodzenia a. porażki to take out one’s frustration on sb
    3. (skręcić) [kierowca, pojazd] to turn off (od czegoś sth); [droga, trasa] to diverge, to branch off (od czegoś from sth)
    - od głównej drogi odbiliśmy w prawo we turned off the main road to the right
    - ulica, przy której mieszkam, odbija od drogi przelotowej the street where I live branches off the main road a. through route
    4. (odłączyć się) to stray
    - kilka owiec odbiło od stada a few sheep strayed from the flock
    5. (o broni) to recoil Ⅲ v imp. 1. pot. (oszaleć) jemu/im odbiło he’s/they’re nuts pot., he’s/they’ve gone round the twist GB pot. 2. pot. (stać się zarozumiałym) odbiło mu/jej he’s/she’s got big-headed a. too big for his/her boots pot. Ⅳ odbić się — odbijać się 1. Fiz. [dźwięk, fale, promieniowanie] to reflect (od czegoś off sth) 2. (ukazać swój obraz) to be mirrored a. reflected
    - jej twarz odbiła się w lustrze her face was reflected in the mirror
    3. (uzewnętrznić się) [uczucia, stany] to show, to be noticeable
    - na jej twarzy odbiło się zadowolenie her face showed satisfaction
    4. (uderzyć i zmienić kierunek) [piłka, strzał] to rebound (od czegoś from sth); to bounce, to bound (od czegoś off sth)
    - kamień odbił się od ziemi/ściany i uderzył go w nogę a stone bounced off the ground/wall and hit his leg
    - piłka odbiła się od słupka i wpadła do bramki the ball rebounded from a post and landed in the goal
    5. (skoczyć) [osoba, zwierzę] to push with one’s legs (od czegoś against); to push oneself (od czegoś off sth)
    - chłopak/pies odbił się od ziemi i skoczył w kierunku piłki the boy/dog leapt from the ground and jumped towards the ball
    - kot odbił się tylnymi łapkami i wskoczył na parapet the cat used its hind legs to spring onto the window sill
    6. (zostawić ślad) to be impressed
    - na piasku odbił się ślad stopy a footprint was impressed in the sand
    7. (wywrzeć wpływ) to affect vt
    - taki tryb życia odbija się na zdrowiu such a lifestyle affects one’s health
    - sytuacja na rynku odbija się pozytywnie/negatywnie na nastrojach społeczeństwa the economic situation adversely/favourably affects public opinion
    8. (oddalić się) to stray, to wander away
    - na wycieczce odbił od grupy i zabłądził during the excursion he wandered away from the group and got lost
    Ⅴ odbić sobie — odbijać sobie (rekompensować) to make up for [straty, brak]
    - straciliśmy mnóstwo czasu, ale odbijemy to sobie we’ve lost a lot of time, but we’ll make up for it
    - musiał odbić sobie na sprzedaży zboża to, co stracił na mleku he had to make up a. compensate for the losses in the milk sales by making gains in grain sales
    Ⅵ odbić się — odbijać się v imp. (czknąć) mnie/dziecku odbiło się I/the child belched

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > odbi|ć

  • 108 Angola

    (and Enclave of Cabinda)
       From 1575 to 1975, Angola was a colony of Portugal. Located in west-central Africa, this colony has been one of the largest, most strategically located, and richest in mineral and agricultural resources in the continent. At first, Portugal's colonial impact was largely coastal, but after 1700 it became more active in the interior. By international treaties signed between 1885 and 1906, Angola's frontiers with what are now Zaire and Zambia were established. The colony's area was 1,246,700 square kilometers (481,000 square miles), Portugal's largest colonial territory after the independence of Brazil. In Portugal's third empire, Angola was the colony with the greatest potential.
       The Atlantic slave trade had a massive impact on the history, society, economy, and demography of Angola. For centuries, Angola's population played a subordinate role in the economy of Portugal's Brazil-centered empire. Angola's population losses to the slave trade were among the highest in Africa, and its economy became, to a large extent, hostage to the Brazilian plantation-based economic system. Even after Brazil's independence in 1822, Brazilian economic interests and capitalists were influential in Angola; it was only after Brazil banned the slave trade in 1850 that the heavy slave traffic to former Portuguese America began to wind down. Although slavery in Angola was abolished, in theory, in the 1870s, it continued in various forms, and it was not until the early 1960s that its offspring, forced labor, was finally ended.
       Portugal's economic exploitation of Angola went through different stages. During the era of the Atlantic slave trade (ca. 1575-1850), when many of Angola's slaves were shipped to Brazil, Angola's economy was subordinated to Brazil's and to Portugal's. Ambitious Lisbon-inspired projects followed when Portugal attempted to replace the illegal slave trade, long the principal income source for the government of Angola, with legitimate trade, mining, and agriculture. The main exports were dyes, copper, rubber, coffee, cotton, and sisal. In the 1940s and 1950s, petroleum emerged as an export with real potential. Due to the demand of the World War II belligerents for Angola's raw materials, the economy experienced an impetus, and soon other articles such as diamonds, iron ore, and manganese found new customers. Angola's economy, on an unprecedented scale, showed significant development, which was encouraged by Lisbon. Portugal's colonization schemes, sending white settlers to farm in Angola, began in earnest after 1945, although such plans had been nearly a century in the making. Angola's white population grew from about 40,000 in 1940 to nearly 330,000 settlers in 1974, when the military coup occurred in Portugal.
       In the early months of 1961, a war of African insurgency broke out in northern Angola. Portugal dispatched armed forces to suppress resistance, and the African insurgents were confined to areas on the borders of northern and eastern Angola at least until the 1966-67 period. The 13-year colonial war had a telling impact on both Angola and Portugal. When the Armed Forces Movement overthrew the Estado Novo on 25 April 1974, the war in Angola had reached a stalemate and the major African nationalist parties (MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA) had made only modest inroads in the northern fringes and in central and eastern Angola, while there was no armed activity in the main cities and towns.
       After a truce was called between Portugal and the three African parties, negotiations began to organize the decolonizat ion process. Despite difficult maneuvering among the parties, Portugal, the MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA signed the Alvor Agreement of January 1975, whereby Portugal would oversee a transition government, create an all-Angola army, and supervise national elections to be held in November 1975. With the outbreak of a bloody civil war among the three African parties and their armies, the Alvor Agreement could not be put into effect. Fighting raged between March and November 1975. Unable to prevent the civil war or to insist that free elections be held, Portugal's officials and armed forces withdrew on 11 November 1975. Rather than handing over power to one party, they transmitted sovereignty to the people of Angola. Angola's civil war continued into the 21st century.

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > Angola

  • 109 Bell, Henry

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 1767 Torphichen Mill, near Linlithgow, Scotland
    d. 1830 Helensburgh, Scotland
    [br]
    Scottish projector of the first steamboat service in Europe.
    [br]
    The son of Patrick Bell, a millwright, Henry had two sisters and an elder brother and was educated at the village school. When he was 9 years old Henry was sent to lodge in Falkirk with an uncle and aunt of his mother's so that he could attend the school there. At the age of 12 he left school and agreed to become a mason with a relative. In 1783, after only three years, he was bound apprentice to his Uncle Henry, a millwright at Jay Mill. He stayed there for a further three years and then, in 1786, joined the firm of Shaw \& Hart, shipbuilders of Borrowstoneness. These were to be the builders of William Symington's hull for the Charlotte Dundas. He also spent twelve months with Mr James Inglis, an engineer of Bellshill, Lanarkshire, and then went to London to gain experience, working for the famous John Rennie for some eighteen months. By 1790 he was back in Glasgow, and a year later he took a partner, James Paterson, into his new business of builder and contractor, based in the Trongate. He later referred to himself as "architect", and his partnership with Paterson lasted seven years. He is said to have invented a discharging machine for calico printing, as well as a steam dredger for clearing the River Clyde.
    The Baths Hotel was opened in Helensburgh in 1808, with the hotel-keeper, who was also the first provost of the town, being none other than Henry Bell. It has been suggested that Bell was also the builder of the hotel and this seems very likely. Bell installed a steam engine for pumping sea water out of the Clyde and into the baths, and at first ran a coach service to bring customers from Glasgow three days a week. The driver was his brother Tom. The coach was replaced by the Comet steamboat in 1812.
    While Henry was busy with his provost's duties and making arrangements for the building of his steamboat, his wife Margaret, née Young, whom he married in March 1794, occupied herself with the management of the Baths Hotel. Bell did not himself manufacture, but supervised the work of experts: John and Charles Wood of Port Glasgow, builders of the 43ft 6 in. (13.25 m)-long hull of the Comet; David Napier of Howard Street Foundry for the boiler and other castings; and John Robertson of Dempster Street, who had previously supplied a small engine for pumping water to the baths at the hotel in Helensburgh, for the 3 hp engine. The first trials of the finished ship were held on 24 July 1812, when she was launched from Wood's yard. A regular service was advertised in the Glasgow Chronicle on 5 August and was the first in Europe, preceded only by that of Robert Fulton in the USA. The Comet continued to run until 1820, when it was wrecked.
    Bell received little reward for his promotion of steam navigation, merely small pensions from the Clyde trustees and others. He was buried at the parish church of Rhu.
    [br]
    Further Reading
    Edward Morris, 1844, Life of Henry Bell.
    Henry Bell, 1813, Applying Steam Engines to Vessels.
    IMcN

    Biographical history of technology > Bell, Henry

  • 110 zunehmen

    (unreg., trennb., hat -ge-)
    I v/i
    1. allg. increase (an + Dat in); Zahl: auch go up; (anwachsen) grow; Tage: get longer; Mond: wax; Wind: get stronger; Regen: get heavier; Schmerzen: get worse; Beifall: grow (louder); die Kälte nimmt zu it’s getting colder; an Größe / Tiefe zunehmen increase in size / depth; an Erfahrung / Weisheit zunehmen gain experience oder become more experienced / grow wiser; im Zunehmen sein be increasing; Mond: be waxing
    2. an Gewicht: put on weight; er hat ganz schön zugenommen he’s put on quite a lot of weight
    II vt/i beim Stricken: (Maschen) increase
    III v/t
    1. an Gewicht: put on; zwei Kilo zunehmen put on two kilos; ich habe im Urlaub etliches zugenommen I put on quite a lot of weight while I was on holiday (Am. vacation); der Arzt sagt, ich muss fünf Kilo zunehmen the doctor says I have to gain five kilos
    2. umg. hinzunehmen
    * * *
    (Gewicht) to put on weight; to gain;
    (Menge) to increase
    * * *
    zu|neh|men vi sep irreg
    1. vi
    (an Zahl etc, beim Stricken) to increase; (= anwachsen auch) to grow; (Tage) to draw out; (an Weisheit, Erfahrung etc) to gain ( an +dat in Mensch an Gewicht) to put on or gain weight; (Mond) to wax

    im Zunehmen sein — to be on the increase; (Mond) to be waxing

    2. vt
    (Mensch an Gewicht) to gain, to put on

    ich habe 2 kg/viel zugenommen — I've gained or put on 2 kg/a lot of weight

    * * *
    1) (to (cause to) grow in size, number etc: The number of children in this school has increased greatly in recent years.) increase
    2) ((of the moon) to appear to grow in size as more of it becomes visible.) wax
    3) (an old word for to grow or increase.) wax
    4) (to add or increase: The car put on speed; I've put on weight.) put on
    * * *
    zu|neh·men
    1. (schwerer werden) to gain [or put on] weight
    an Gewicht \zunehmen to gain [or put on] weight
    ▪ [an etw dat] \zunehmen to increase [in sth]
    3. (sich verstärken) to increase; Schmerzen to intensify
    4. (sich vergrößern) to increase
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) increase (an + Dat. in); < moon> wax

    in zunehmendem Maße — to an increasing extent or degree; increasingly

    2) (schwerer werden) put on or gain weight

    er hat [um] ein Kilo zugenommen — he has put on or gained a kilo

    2.
    unregelmäßiges transitives, auch intransitives Verb (Handarb.) increase
    * * *
    zunehmen (irr, trennb, hat -ge-)
    A. v/i
    1. allg increase (
    an +dat in); Zahl: auch go up; (anwachsen) grow; Tage: get longer; Mond: wax; Wind: get stronger; Regen: get heavier; Schmerzen: get worse; Beifall: grow (louder);
    die Kälte nimmt zu it’s getting colder;
    an Größe/Tiefe zunehmen increase in size/depth;
    an Erfahrung/Weisheit zunehmen gain experience oder become more experienced/grow wiser;
    im Zunehmen sein be increasing; Mond: be waxing
    2. an Gewicht: put on weight;
    er hat ganz schön zugenommen he’s put on quite a lot of weight
    B. v/t & v/i beim Stricken: (Maschen) increase
    C. v/t
    1. an Gewicht: put on;
    zwei Kilo zunehmen put on two kilos;
    ich habe im Urlaub etliches zugenommen I put on quite a lot of weight while I was on holiday (US vacation);
    der Arzt sagt, ich muss fünf Kilo zunehmen the doctor says I have to gain five kilos
    2. umg → hinzunehmen
    * * *
    1.
    unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb
    1) increase (an + Dat. in); < moon> wax

    in zunehmendem Maße — to an increasing extent or degree; increasingly

    2) (schwerer werden) put on or gain weight

    er hat [um] ein Kilo zugenommen — he has put on or gained a kilo

    2.
    unregelmäßiges transitives, auch intransitives Verb (Handarb.) increase
    * * *
    (an) v.
    to increase (in) v. v.
    to accelerate v.
    to accumulate v.
    to be on the increase expr.
    to grow v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: grew, grown)
    to increase v.
    to put on weight expr.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > zunehmen

  • 111 Aspinall, Sir John Audley Frederick

    [br]
    b. 25 August 1851 Liverpool, England
    d. 19 January 1937 Woking, England
    [br]
    English mechanical engineer, pioneer of the automatic vacuum brake for railway trains and of railway electrification.
    [br]
    Aspinall's father was a QC, Recorder of Liverpool, and Aspinall himself became a pupil at Crewe Works of the London \& North Western Railway, eventually under F.W. Webb. In 1875 he was appointed Manager of the works at Inchicore, Great Southern \& Western Railway, Ireland. While he was there, some of the trains were equipped, on trial, with continuous brakes of the non-automatic vacuum type. Aspinall modified these to make them automatic, i.e. if the train divided, brakes throughout both parts would be applied automatically. Aspinall vacuum brakes were subsequently adopted by the important Great Northern, Lancashire \& Yorkshire, and London \& North Western Railways.
    In 1883, aged only 32, Aspinall was appointed Locomotive Superintendent of the Great Southern \& Western Railway, but in 1886 he moved in the same capacity to the Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway, where his first task was to fit out the new works at Horwich. The first locomotive was completed there in 1889, to his design. In 1899 he introduced a 4–4–2, the largest express locomotive in Britain at the time, some of which were fitted with smokebox superheaters to Aspinall's design.
    Unusually for an engineer, in 1892 Aspinall was appointed General Manager of the Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway. He electrified the Liverpool-Southport line in 1904 at 600 volts DC with a third rail; this was an early example of main-line electrification, for it extended beyond the Liverpool suburban area. He also experimented with 3,500 volt DC overhead electrification of the Bury-Holcombe Brook branch in 1913, but converted this to 1,200 volts DC third rail to conform with the Manchester-Bury line when this was electrified in 1915. In 1918 he was made a director of the Lancashire \& Yorkshire Railway.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1917. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1909. President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1918.
    Further Reading
    H.A.V.Bulleid, 1967, The Aspinall Era, Shepperton: Ian Allan (provides a good account of Aspinall and his life's work).
    C.Hamilton Ellis, 1958, Twenty Locomotive Men, Shepperton: Ian Allan, Ch. 19 (a good brief account).
    PJGR

    Biographical history of technology > Aspinall, Sir John Audley Frederick

  • 112 Deane, Sir Anthony

    SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping
    [br]
    b. 1638 Harwich (?), England
    d. 1721 England
    [br]
    English master shipwright, one of the most influential of seventeenth-century England.
    [br]
    It is believed that Deane was born in Harwich, the son of a master mariner. When 22 years of age, having been trained by Christopher Pett, he was appointed Assistant Master Shipwright at Woolwich Naval Dockyard, indicating an ability as a shipbuilder and also that he had influence behind him. Despite abruptness and a tendency to annoy his seniors, he was acknowledged by no less a man than Pepys (1633–1703) for his skill as a ship designer and -builder, and he was one of the few who could accurately estimate displacements and drafts of ships under construction. While only 26 years old, he was promoted to Master Shipwright of the Naval Base at Harwich and commenced a notable career. When the yard was closed four years later (on the cessation of the threat from the Dutch), Deane was transferred to the key position of Master Shipwright at Portsmouth and given the opportunity to construct large men-of-war. In 1671 he built his first three-decker and was experimenting with underwater hull sheathing and other matters. In 1672 he became a member of the Navy Board, and from then on promotion was spectacular, with almost full responsibility given him for decisions on ship procurement for the Navy. Owing to political changes he was out of office for some years and endured a short period in prison, but on his release he continued to work as a private shipbuilder. He returned to the King's service for a few years before the "Glorious Revolution" of 1688; thereafter little is known of his life, beyond that he died in 1721.
    Deane's monument to posterity is his Doctrine of Naval Architecture, published in 1670. It is one of the few books on ship design of the period and gives a clear insight into the rather pedantic procedures used in those less than scientific times. Deane became Mayor of Harwich and subsequently Member of Parliament. It is believed that he was Peter the Great's tutor on shipbuilding during his visit to the Thames in 1698.
    [br]
    Principal Honours and Distinctions
    Knighted 1673.
    Bibliography
    1670, Doctrine of Naval Architecture; repub. 1981, with additional commentaries by Brian Lavery, as Deane's Doctrine of Naval Architecture 1670, London: Conway Maritime.
    Further Reading
    Westcott Abell, 1948, The Shipwright's Trade, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    FMW

    Biographical history of technology > Deane, Sir Anthony

  • 113 К-135

    КЛИН КЛИНОМ ВЫШИБАЮТ (ВЫБИВАЮТ, ВЫШИБАЕТСЯ, ВЫБИВАЕТСЯ) (saying other finite forms and infin are also used) the undesirable consequences of some action are neutralized, some condition is remedied etc by the same means that brought about the consequences or gave rise to the condition: - fight fire with fire one nail drives out another (in refer, to a hangover) a hair of the dog (that bit you (him etc)).
    В то время, когда Ираида беспечно торжествовала победу, неустрашимый штаб-офицер не дремал и, руководясь пословицей: «Выбивай клин клином», научил некоторую авантюристку, Клемантинку де Бурбон, предъявить права свои (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). While Iraidka was unconcernedly celebrating her victory, the intrepid staff-officer was not asleep. Guided by the proverb uOne nail drives out another," he found an adventuress, a certain Clementinka de Bourbon, and put her up to presenting a claim (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > К-135

  • 114 клин клином выбивается

    [saying; other finite forms and infin are also usedl the undesirable consequences of some action are neutralized, some condition is remedied etc by the same means that brought about the consequences or gave rise to the condition: - fight fire with fire; one nail drives out another; [in refer, to a hangover]
    =====
    ⇒ a hair of the dog (that bit you <him etc>).
         ♦ В то время, когда Ираида беспечно торжествовала победу, неустрашимый штаб-офицер не дремал и, руководясь пословицей: "Выбивай клин клином", научил некоторую авантюристку, Клемантинку де Бурбон, предъявить права свои (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). While Iraidka was unconcernedly celebrating her victory, the intrepid staff-officer was not asleep. Guided by the proverb "One nail drives out another," he found an adventuress, a certain Clementinka de Bourbon, and put her up to presenting a claim (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > клин клином выбивается

  • 115 клин клином выбивают

    [saying; other finite forms and infin are also usedl the undesirable consequences of some action are neutralized, some condition is remedied etc by the same means that brought about the consequences or gave rise to the condition: - fight fire with fire; one nail drives out another; [in refer, to a hangover]
    =====
    ⇒ a hair of the dog (that bit you <him etc>).
         ♦ В то время, когда Ираида беспечно торжествовала победу, неустрашимый штаб-офицер не дремал и, руководясь пословицей: "Выбивай клин клином", научил некоторую авантюристку, Клемантинку де Бурбон, предъявить права свои (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). While Iraidka was unconcernedly celebrating her victory, the intrepid staff-officer was not asleep. Guided by the proverb "One nail drives out another," he found an adventuress, a certain Clementinka de Bourbon, and put her up to presenting a claim (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > клин клином выбивают

  • 116 клин клином вышибается

    [saying; other finite forms and infin are also usedl the undesirable consequences of some action are neutralized, some condition is remedied etc by the same means that brought about the consequences or gave rise to the condition: - fight fire with fire; one nail drives out another; [in refer, to a hangover]
    =====
    ⇒ a hair of the dog (that bit you <him etc>).
         ♦ В то время, когда Ираида беспечно торжествовала победу, неустрашимый штаб-офицер не дремал и, руководясь пословицей: "Выбивай клин клином", научил некоторую авантюристку, Клемантинку де Бурбон, предъявить права свои (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). While Iraidka was unconcernedly celebrating her victory, the intrepid staff-officer was not asleep. Guided by the proverb "One nail drives out another," he found an adventuress, a certain Clementinka de Bourbon, and put her up to presenting a claim (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > клин клином вышибается

  • 117 клин клином вышибают

    • КЛИН КЛИНОМ ВЫШИБАЮТ (ВЫБИВАЮТ, ВЫШИБАЕТСЯ, ВЫБИВАЕТСЯ)
    [saying; other finite forms and infin are also usedl the undesirable consequences of some action are neutralized, some condition is remedied etc by the same means that brought about the consequences or gave rise to the condition: - fight fire with fire; one nail drives out another; [in refer, to a hangover]
    =====
    ⇒ a hair of the dog (that bit you <him etc>).
         ♦ В то время, когда Ираида беспечно торжествовала победу, неустрашимый штаб-офицер не дремал и, руководясь пословицей: "Выбивай клин клином", научил некоторую авантюристку, Клемантинку де Бурбон, предъявить права свои (Салтыков-Щедрин 1). While Iraidka was unconcernedly celebrating her victory, the intrepid staff-officer was not asleep. Guided by the proverb "One nail drives out another," he found an adventuress, a certain Clementinka de Bourbon, and put her up to presenting a claim (1a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > клин клином вышибают

  • 118 tid

    day, hour, spell, tense, term, time
    * * *
    (en -er) time,
    ( tidspunkt, også) hour ( fx at the proper hour), moment;
    ( årstid) season, time of the year;
    ( tidsalder) age ( fx the Age of Puritanism), time,
    F days ( fx at the time of (el. in the days of) Queen Elizabeth), day
    ( fx the questions of the day);
    ( aftalt tid, fx hos læge) appointment;
    (gram.) tense;
    ( tidevand) tide;
    [ en dags (, times, måneds, uges, et års) tid] a day (, an hour, a month, week, year) or so, a day's (, an hour's etc) time;
    (i alm) time ( fx time and space; time is on our side), times ( fx
    move with the times);
    ( nutiden, datiden) the time ( fx one of the most important problems of the time);
    [ et tidens tegn] a sign of the times;
    [ det vil tiden vise] time will tell; it remains to be seen;
    [ det var tider] those were the days!
    (dvs vældig godt) it was out of this world!
    [ alle tiders største maler] the greatest painter ever seen (el. of all time);
    [ andre tider andre skikke] other times, other manners;
    [ fra tidernes morgen] since the beginning of time;
    [ med vb:]
    [ tiden falder ham lang] time hangs heavy on his hands;
    [ få tid hos lægen] make an appointment with the doctor;
    [ få tiden til at gå] kill time, while away (el. pass) the time;
    [ når jeg får tid] when I get (el. have) time;
    [ giv nu bare tid!] all in good time!
    [ giv dig ( god) tid!] take your time!
    [ give sig tid til at høre på ham] take (the) time to listen to him;
    [ giv mig tid til i morgen!] give me till tomorrow!
    [ have tid] have time ( til for, til at to, fx I haven't time for sport
    (, to read));
    [ jeg har ikke tid] I can't spare the time;
    [ jeg har ikke tid til den slags pjat] I have no time for that kind of nonsense;
    [ have bedre tid] have more time;
    [ han har haft sin bedste tid] he is past his prime;
    [ have god tid] have plenty of time;
    ( også) there is plenty of time;
    [ det tager tid] it takes time;
    [ tage tid på én] time somebody;
    [ tage sig tid til at] take (the) time to;
    [ tage sig god tid] take one's time;
    [ vinde tid], se II. vinde;
    [ med adj:]
    [ have (, tage sig) god tid], se ovf;
    [ i god tid], se ndf;
    [ hele tiden] all the time, all along ( fx I knew it all along);
    [ på høje tid], se ndf;
    [ kort tid efter], se II. kort;
    [ om kort tid], se ndf;
    [ lang tid], se II. længe;
    [ hvor lang tid tager det?] how long does it take?
    [ det tager lang tid] it takes a long time;
    [ en tid lang] for some (el. a) time;
    [ i rette tid], se IV. ret;
    [ somme tider] sometimes, at times, now and then;
    [ med præp & adv:]
    [ for tiden] at present; at the moment;
    [ for en tid] for a (el. some) time;
    [ for tid og evighed] for ever (and ever), for good;
    [ være forud for sin tid] be ahead of (el. before el. in advance of) one's time (el. age);
    [ for lange tider] for a long time to come;
    [ for nogen tid siden] some time ago;
    [ fra tid til anden] from time to time;
    [ fra den tid af] from that time;
    (se også gammel);
    [ gammel før tiden] old before one's time,
    F prematurely old;
    [ før i tiden] formerly;
    ( også) he used to work here;
    [ i tide] in time;
    (se også utide);
    [ i denne tid] at present, at the moment, these days,
    ( lige nu) just now;
    [ i disse tider] in times like these, as things are at present;
    [ i god tid] in good time;
    [ i lang tid] for a long time ( fx he stayed for a long time),
    ( i nægtende og spørgende udtryk) for long ( fx you need not be
    there for long before you find out that...);
    [ i min tid] in my time;
    [ i nogen tid] for some time;
    [ et problem der er oppe i tiden] a problem very much in the public mind;
    [ i rette tid], se IV. ret;
    [ i den senere (el. sidste) tid], se senere;
    ( engang) at one time,
    ( gengives ofte med) used to ( fx there used to be a house here);
    ( dengang) at that time, in those days;
    [ da han i sin tid kom hertil var han en ung mand] at the time when he came here he was a young man;
    (dvs som tiden gik) in the course of time,
    ( efter nogen tid) in time ( fx in time he will forget);
    [ følge med tiden] move with the times;
    [ om et års tid] in a year or so, in a year's time;
    [ om kort tid] shortly, soon, before long;
    (dvs efter arbejdstid) stay after hours;
    [ arbejde over tiden] work overtime;
    [ det er ( snart) på tide] it is (about) time;
    [ og det var også på tide!] and not before time!
    [ på den tid] at the time, at that time,
    F in those days;
    ( i løbet af den tid) in that time;
    [ på den tid da] at the time when;
    [ på denne tid af året] at this time of the year;
    [ sidste (, næste) år på denne tid] this time last (, next) year;
    [ på den halve tid] in half the time;
    [ det er på høje tid] it is high time;
    [ leve på lånt tid] live on borrowed time;
    [ på Napoleons tid] at (el. in) the time of Napoleon,
    F in the days of Napoleon;
    (fot) time exposure;
    [ til tiden] on time ( fx the train arrived on time);
    [ til alle tider] at all times;
    [ til den tid] by then;
    [ til enhver tid] at any time, at all times;
    T every time;
    [ til evig tid] for ever;
    [ komme til den fastsatte tid] come at the time arranged (, F: appointed);
    [ komme lige til tiden] be (el. arrive) dead on time;
    [ til sin tid] in due course;
    ( engang) some time;
    [ hver ting til sin tid!] all in good time!
    [ til ( sine) tider] at times;
    [ næste år (, i fjor, i morgen) ved denne tid] this time next year (, last year, tomorrow).

    Danish-English dictionary > tid

  • 119 त्रि _tri

    त्रि num. a. [Uṇ.5.66] (declined in pl. only, nom. त्रयः m., तिस्त्रः f., त्रीणि n.) Three; त एव हि त्रयो लोकास्त एव त्रय आश्रमाः &c. Ms.2.229; प्रियतमाभिरसौ तिसृभिर्बभौ R.9.18; त्रीणि वर्षाण्युदीक्षेत कुमार्यृतुमती सती Ms.9.9 [cf. L. tres; Gr. treis; A. S., Zend thri; Eng. three].
    -Comp. -अंशः 1 a three-fold share; त्र्यंशं दायाद्धरेद्विप्रः Ms.9.151.
    -2 a third part.
    -3 three-fourths.
    -अक्ष a. triocular.
    -अक्षः, -अक्षकः an epithet of Śiva; शुष्कस्नायु- स्वराह्लादात्त्र्यक्षं जग्राह रावणः Pt.5.57.
    -अक्षरः 1 the mystic syllable ओम् consisting of three letters; see under अ. आद्यं यत्त्र्यक्षरं ब्रह्म Ms.11.265.
    -2 a match- maker or घटक (that word consisting of three syllables).
    -3 a genealogist. (
    -री) knowledge, learning; see विद्या.
    -अङ्कटम्, -अङ्गटम् 1 three strings suspended to either end of a pole for carrying burdens.
    -2 a sort of colly- rium. (
    -टः) N. of Śiva.
    -अङ्गम् (pl.) a tripartite army (chariots, cavalry and infantry).
    -अङ्गुलम् three fingers' breadth.
    -अञ्जनम् the three kinds of collyrium; i. e. कालाञ्जन, रसाञ्जन and पुष्पाञ्जन.
    -अञ्जलम्, -लिः three handfuls taken collectively.
    -अधिपतिः (the lord of the 3 guṇas or worlds), an epithet of Viṣṇu; Bhāg.3.16.24.
    -अधिष्ठानः the soul. (
    नम्) spirit, life (चैतन्य). -a. having three stations; Ms.12.4.
    -अध्वगा, -मार्गगा, -वर्त्मगा epithets of the river Ganges (flowing through the three worlds).
    -अनीक a. having the three properties of heat, rain and cold; त्यनीकः पत्यते माहिनावान् Rv.3.56.3. (
    -का) an army consisting of horses, elephants and chariots.
    -अब्द a. three years old.
    -ब्दम् three years taken collectively.
    -अम्बकः (also त्रियम्बक in the same sense though rarely used in classical literature) 'having three eyes', N. of Śiva.; त्रियम्बकं संयमिनं ददर्श Ku.3.44; जडीकृतस्त्र्यम्बकवीक्षणेन R.2. 42;3.49. ˚सखः an epithet of Kubera; कुबेरस्त्र्यम्बकसखः Ak.
    -अम्बका an epithet of Pārvatī
    -अशीत a. eighty-third.
    -अशीतिः f. eighty-three.
    -अष्टन् a. twenty-four.
    -अश्र, -अस्र a. triangular. (
    -स्रम्) a triangle.
    -अहः 1 a period of three days.
    -2 a festival lasting three days.
    -आर्षेयाः deaf, dumb and blind persons.
    -आहिक a.
    1 performed or produced in three days.
    -2 recurring after the third day, tertian (as fever).
    -3 having provision for three days कुशूलकुम्भीधान्यो वा त्र्याहिको$श्वस्तनो$पि वा Y.1.128.
    -ऋचम् (
    तृचम् also) three Riks taken collectively; Ms.8.16.
    -ऐहिक a. having provision for three days.
    -ककुद् m.
    1 N. of the moun- tain Trikūṭa.
    -2 N. of Viṣnu or Kṛiṣṇa.
    -3 the highest, chief.
    -4 a sacrifice lasting for ten nights.
    -ककुभ् m. Ved.
    1 Indra.
    -2 Indra's thunderbolt.
    -कटु dry ginger, black pepper and long pepper taken together as a drug; शिरामोक्षं विधायास्य दद्यात् त्रिकटुकं गुडम् Śālihotra 62.
    -कण्टः, -कण्टकः a kind of fish.
    -करणी the side of a square 3 times as great as another.
    -कर्मन् n. the chief three duties of a Brāhmaṇa i. e. sacrifice, study of the Vedas, and making gifts or charity. (-m.) one who engages in these three duties (as a Brāhmaṇa).
    -काण्डम् N. of Amarsiṁha's dictionary.
    -कायः N. of Buddha.
    -कालम् 1 the three times; the past, the pre- sent, and the future; or morning, noon and evening.
    -2 the three tenses (the past, present, and future) of a verb. (
    -लम् ind. three times, thrice; ˚ज्ञ, ˚दर्शिन् a. omniscient (m.)
    1 a divine sage, seer.
    -2 a deity.
    -3 N. of Buddha. ˚विद् m.
    1 a Buddha.
    -2 an Arhat (with the Jainas).
    -कूटः N. of a mountain in Ceylon on the top of which was situated Laṅkā, the capital of Rāvaṇa.; Śi.2.5.
    -कूटम् sea-salt.
    कूर्चकम् a knife with three edges.
    -कोण a. triangular, forming a triangle.
    (-णः) 1 a triangle.
    -2 the vulva.
    -खम् 1 tin.
    -2 a cucumber.
    -खट्वम्, -खट्वी three bed- steads taken collectively.
    -क्षाराणि n. (pl.) salt-petre, natron and borax.
    -गणः an aggregate of the three objects of worldly existence; i. e. धर्म, अर्थ and काम; न बाधते$स्य त्रिगणः परस्परम् Ki.1.11; see त्रिवर्ग below.
    -गत a.
    1 tripled.
    -2 done in three days.
    -गर्ताः (pl.)
    1 N. of a country, also called जलन्धर, in the north- west of India.
    -2 the people or rulers of that country.
    -3 a particular mode of calculation.
    -गर्ता 1 a lascivious woman, wanton.
    -2 a woman in general.
    -3 a pearl.
    -4 a kind of cricket.
    -गुण a.
    1 consisting of three threads; व्रताय मौञ्जीं त्रिगुणां बभार याम् Ku.5.1.
    -2 three-times repeated, thrice, treble, threefold, triple; सप्त व्यतीयुस्त्रिगुणानि तस्य (दिनानि) R.2. 25.
    -3 containing the three Guṇas सत्त्व, रजस् and तमस्. (
    -णम्) the Pradhāna (in Sāṅ. phil.); (-ind.) three times; in three ways.
    -णाः m. (pl.) the three quali- ties or constituents of nature; त्रयीमयाय त्रिगुणात्मने नमः K.1.
    (-णा) 1 Māyā or illusion (in Vedānta phil.).
    -2 an epithet of Durgā.
    -गुणाकृतम् ploughed thrice.
    -चक्षुस् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -चतुर a. (pl.) three or four; गत्वा जवात्त्रिचतुराणि पदानि सीता B.R.6.34.
    -चत्वा- रिंश a. forty-third.
    -चत्वारिंशत् f, forty-three.
    -जगत् n.
    -जगती the three worlds, (1) the heaven, the atmos- phere and the earth; or (2) the heaven, the earth, and the lower world; त्वत्कीर्तिः...... त्रिजगति विहरत्येवमुर्वीश गुर्वी Sūkti.5.59.
    -जटः an epithet of Śiva.
    -जटा N. of a female demon, one of the Rākṣasa attendants kept by Rāvaṇa to watch over Sītā, when she was retained as a captive in the Aśoka-vanikā. She acted very kindly towards Sītā and induced her companions to do the same; सीतां मायेति शंसन्ति त्रिजटा समजीवयत् R.12.74.
    -जातम्, जातकम् The three spices (mace, cardamoms, cinnamon).
    -जीवा, -ज्या the sine of three signs or 9˚, a radius.
    -णता a bow; कामुकानिव नालीकांस्त्रिणताः सहसामुचन् Śi.19.61.
    -णव, -णवन् a. (pl.) three times nine; i. e. 27.
    -णाकः the heaven; तावत्त्रिणाकं नहुषः शशास Bhāg.6.13.16.
    -णाचिकेतः 1 a part of the Adhvaryu-sacrifice or Yajur- veda, or one who performs a vow connected therewith (according to Kull. on Ms.3.185); Mb.13.9.26.
    -2 one who has thrice kindled the Nāchiketa fire or studied the Nāchiketa section of Kāṭhaka; त्रिणाचिकेत- स्त्रिभिरेत्य सन्धिम् Kaṭh.1.17.
    -णीता a wife ('thrice married'; it being supposed that a girl belongs to Soma, Gandharva and Agni before she obtains a human husband).
    -णेमि a. with three fellies; विचिन्वतो$भूत् सुमहांस्त्रिणेमिः Bhāg.3.8.2.
    -तक्षम्, तक्षी three carpen- ters taken collectively.
    -दण्डम् 1 the three staves of a Saṁnyāsin (who has resigned the world) tied togethar so as to form one.
    -2 the triple subjection of thought, word, and deed. (
    -ण्डः) the state of a religious ascetic; ज्ञानवैराग्यरहितस्त्रिदण्डमुपजीवति Bhāg.11.18.4.
    -दण्डिन् m.
    1 a religious mendicant or Saṁnyāsin who has renounced all worldly attachments, and who carries three long staves tied together so as to form one in his right hand; तल्लिप्सुः स यतिर्भूत्वा त्रिदण्डी द्वारका- मगात् Bhāg.1.86.3.
    -2 one who has obtained command over his mind, speech, and body (or thought, word, and deed); cf. वाग्दण्डो$थ मनोदण्डः कायदण्डस्तथैव च । यस्यैते निहिता बुद्धौ त्रिदण्डीति स उच्यते ॥ Ms.12.1.
    -दशाः (pl.)
    1 thirty.
    -2 the thirty-three gods:-- 12 Ādityas, 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras and 2 Aśvins. (
    -शः) a god, an immortal; तस्मिन्मघोनस्त्रिदशान्विहाय सहस्रमक्ष्णां युगपत्पपात Ku.3.1. ˚अङ्कुशः (-शम्) the heaven. ˚आयुधम् Indra's thunder- bolt; R.9.54. ˚आयुधम् rainbow; अथ नभस्य इव त्रिदशायुधम् R.9.54. ˚अधिपः, ˚ईश्वरः, ˚पतिः epithets of Indra. ˚अधिपतिः N. of Śiva. ˚अध्यक्षः, ˚अयनः an epithet of Viṣṇu. ˚अरिः a demon. ˚आचार्यः an epithet of Bṛihas- pati. ˚आधार Nectar. ˚आलयः, ˚आवासः
    1 heaven.
    -2 the mountain Meru.
    -3 a god. ˚आहारः 'the food of the gods', nectar. ˚इन्द्रः
    1 Indra.
    -2 Śiva.
    -3 Brahman. ˚गुरुः an epithet of Bṛihaspati, ˚गोपः a kind of insect; (cf. इन्द्रगोप) श्रद्दधे त्रिदशगोपमात्रके दाहशक्तिमिव कृष्णवर्त्मनि R.11.42. ˚दीर्घिका an epithet of the Ganges. ˚पतिः Indra; एषो$प्यैरावतस्थस्त्रिदशपतिः Ratn.4.11. ˚पुङ्गवः Viṣṇu; Rām.1. ˚मञ्जरी the holy basil. ˚वधू, ˚वनिता, an Apsaras or heavenly damsel; कैलासस्य त्रिदशवनितादर्पणस्यातिथिः स्याः Me.6. ˚वर्त्मन् the sky. ˚श्रेष्ठः
    1 Agni.
    -2 Brahman. ˚दशीभूत Become divine; त्रिदशीभूतपौराणां स्वर्गान्तरमकल्पयत् R.15.12.
    -दिनम् three days collectively. ˚स्पृश् m. concurrence of three lunations with one solar day.
    -दिवम् 1 the heaven; त्रिमार्गयेव त्रिदिवस्य मार्गः Ku.1.28; Ś.7.3.
    -2 sky, atmosphere.
    -3 paradise.
    -4 happi- ness. (
    -वा) cardamoms. ˚अधीशः, ˚ईशः
    1 an epithet of Indra.
    -2 a god. ˚आलयः the heaven; अश्वमेधजिताँल्लोका- नाप्नोति त्रिदिवालये Mb.13.141.53. ˚उद्भवा
    1 the Ganges.
    -2 small cardamoms. ˚ओकस् m. a god; वपुषि त्रिदिवौकसां परं सह पुष्पैरपतत्र्छिलीमुखाः Vikr.15.72. ˚गत dead; त्रिदिवगतः किमु वक्ष्यते पिता मे Vikr.6.62.
    -दृश् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -दोषम् vitiation or derangement of the three humours of the body, i. e. वात, पित्त and कफ.
    -धा ind. in 3 parts, ways or places; triply, ˚त्वम् tripartition; Ch. Up.
    -धातुः an epithet of Gaṇeśa;
    -तुम् 1 the triple world.
    -2 the aggregate of the 3 minerals or humours.
    -धामन् m.
    1 N. of Viṣṇu.
    -2 of Vyāsa;
    -3 of Śiva.
    -4 of Agni.
    -5 death. -n. the heaven; हंसो हंसेन यानेन त्रिधाम परमं ययौ Bhāg.3.24.2.
    -धारा the Ganges.
    -नयन, -नेत्रः, -लोचनः epithets of Śiva; R.3. 66; Ku.3.66;5.72.
    - नवत a. ninety-third.
    -नवतिः f. ninety three.
    -नयना Pārvat&imacr.
    -नाभः Viṣṇu; Bhāg.8. 17.26.
    -नेत्रचूडामणिः the moon.
    -नेत्रफलः the cocoa-nut tree.
    -पञ्च a. three-fold five, i. e. fifteen.
    -पञ्चाश a. fiftythird.
    -पञ्चाशत् f. fifty-three.
    -पुटः glass (काच).
    -पताकः 1 the hand with three fingers stretched out or erect.
    -2 the forehead marked naturally with three horizontal lines.
    -पत्रकः the Palāśa tree.
    -पथम् 1 the three paths taken collectively, i. e. the sky, atmosphere, and the earth, or the sky, earth and the lower world.
    -2 a place where three roads meet. (
    -था) an epithet of Mathura. ˚गा, ˚गामिनी an epithet of the Ganges; गङ्गा त्रिपथगामिनी; धृतसत्पथस्त्रिपथगामभितः स तमारुरोह पुरुहूतसुतः Ki.6.1; Amaru.99.
    -पद्, -पाद्, -पात् m. Ved.
    1 Viṣṇu.
    -2 fever (personified).
    -पद a. three-footed. (
    -दम्) a tripod; त्रिपदैः करकैः स्थालैः...... Śiva. B.22. 62.
    -पदिका 1 a tripod.
    -2 a stand with three feet.
    -पदी 1 the girth of an elephant; नास्रसत्करिणां ग्रैवं त्रिपदी- च्छेदिनामपि R.4.48.
    -2 the Gāyatrī metre.
    -3 a tripod.
    -4 the plant गोधापदी.
    -परिक्रान्त a. one who walks thrice round a sacred fire.
    -पर्णः Kiṁśuka tree.
    -पाटः 1 intersection of a prolonged side and perpendicular (in a quadrangular figure).
    -2 the figure formed by such intersection.
    -पाटिका a beak.
    पाठिन् a.
    1 familiar with Saṁhitā, Pada, and Krama.
    -2 one who learns a thing after three repetitions.
    -पादः 1 the Supreme Being.
    -2 fever.
    -पाद् a.
    1 having three feet.
    -2 con- sisting of three parts, having three fourths; राघवः शिथिलं तस्थौ भुवि धर्मस्त्रिपादिव R.15.96.
    -3 trinomial. (-m.)
    1 an epithet of Viṣṇu in his dwarf incarnation.
    -2 the Supreme Being.
    -पिटकम् the 3 collections of Buddhistic sacred writings (सुत्त, विनय and अभिधम्म).
    -पुट a. triangular.
    (-टः) 1 an arrow.
    -2 the palm of the hand.
    -3 a cubit.
    -4 a bank or shore.
    -पुटकः a triangle.
    -पुटा an epithet of Durgā.
    -पुटिन् m. the castor-oil plant.
    -पुण्ड्रम्, -पुण्ड्रक a mark on the forehead consisting of three lines made with cowdung ashes.
    -पुरम् 1 a collection of three cities.
    -2 the three cities of gold, silver, and iron in the sky, air and earth built for demons by Maya; (these cities were burnt down, along the demons inhabiting them, by Śiva at the request of the gods); Ku.7.48; Amaru.2; संरक्ताभिस्त्रिपुरविजयो गीयते किन्नरीभिः Me.56; Bh.3.123; (
    -रः) N. of a demon or demons presiding over these cities. ˚अधिपतिः N. of Maya, ˚अन्तकः, ˚अरिः, ˚घ्नः, ˚दहनः, ˚द्विष् m., हरः &c. epithets of Śiva; अये गौरीनाथ त्रिपुरहर शम्भो त्रिनयन Bh.3.123; R.17.14. ˚दाहः burning of the three cities; मुहुरनुस्मरयन्तमनुक्षपं त्रिपुरदाहमुमापतिसेविनः Ki.5.14. ˚सुन्दरी Durgā.
    (-री) 1 N. of a place near Jabalpura, formerly capital of the kings of Chedi.
    -2 N. of a country.
    -पुरुष a
    1 having the length of three men.
    -2 having three assistants. (
    -षम्) the three ancestors- father, grand-father and great-grand-father.
    -पृष्ठम् the highest heaven; Bhāg.1.19.23. (
    ष्ठः) Viṣṇu.
    -पौरुष a.
    1 belonging to, or extending over, three generations of men.
    2 offered to three (as oblations).
    -3 inherited from three (as an estate).
    -प्रस्रुतः an elephant in rut.
    -फला (1) the three myrobalans taken collectively, namely, Terminalia Chebula, T. Bellerica, and Phyllanthus (Mar. हिरडा, बेहडा and आंवळकाठी). Also (2) the three sweet fruits (grape, pomegranate, and date); (3) the three fragrant fruits (nutmeg, areca- nut, and cloves).
    -बन्धनः the individual soul.
    -बलिः, बली, -वलिः, -वली f.
    1 the three folds or wrinkles of skin above the navel of a woman (regarded as a mark of beauty); क्षामोदरोपरिलसत्त्रिवलीलतानाम् Bh.1.93,81; cf. Ku.1.39.
    -2 the anus.
    -बलीकम् the anus.
    -बाहुः a kind of fighting with swords.
    -ब्रह्मन् a. with ब्रह्मा, विष्णु and महेश.
    -भम् three signs of the zodiac, or ninety degrees.
    -भङ्गम् a pose in which the image is bent at three parts of the body.
    -भद्रम् copulation, sexual union, cohabitation.
    -भागः 1 the third part; त्रिभागं ब्रह्महत्यायाः कन्या प्राप्नोति दुष्यती Mb.12.165.42.
    -2 the third part of a sign of the zodiac.
    -भुक्ल a. one possessed of learning, good conduct and good family-descent (Dānasāgara, Bibliotheca Indica,274, Fasc.1, p.29).
    -भुजम् a triangle.
    -भुवनम् the three worlds; पुण्यं यायास्त्रिभुवन- गुरोर्धाम चण्डीश्वरस्य Me.35; Bh.1.99. ˚गुरु Śiva. ˚कीर्तिरसः a patent medicine in Āyurveda. ˚पतिः Viṣṇu.
    -भूमः a palace with three floors.
    -मद the three narcotic plants; the three-fold haughtiness; Bhāg.3.1.43.
    -मधु n.
    -मधुरम् 1 sugar, honey, and ghee.
    -2 three verses of the Ṛigveda (1.9.6-8; मधु वाता ऋतायते˚).
    -3 a ceremony based on the same; L. D. B.
    -4 threefold utterance of a vedic stanza ˚मधु वाता -m. a reciter and performer of the above ceremony; L. D. B.
    -मार्गा the Ganges; त्रिमार्गयेव त्रिदिवस्य मार्गः Ku.1.28.
    -मुकुटः the Trikūṭa mountain.
    -मुखः an epithet of Buddha.
    -मुनि ind. having the three sages पाणिनि, कात्यायन and पतञ्जलि; त्रिमुनि व्याकरणम्.
    -मूर्तिः 1 the united form of Brahmā, Viṣṇu, and Maheśa, the Hindu triad; नमस्त्रिमूर्तये तुभ्यं प्रांक्सृष्टेः केवलात्मने । गुणत्रयविभायाय पश्चाद्भेदमुपेयुषे ॥ Ku.2.4.
    -2 Buddha, or Jina.
    -मूर्धन् m.
    1 a demon; त्रयश्च दूषण- खरस्त्रिमूर्धानो रणे हताः U.2.15.
    -2 a world called महर्लोक; G&imac;rvāṇa; cf. अमृतं क्षेममभयं त्रिमूर्ध्नो$धायि मूर्धसु Bhāg.2.6.19.
    -यव a. weighing 3 barley corns; Ms.8.134.
    -यष्टिः a necklace of three strings.
    -यामकम् sin.
    -यामा 1 night (consisting of 3 watches of praharas, the first and last half prahara being excluded); संक्षिप्येत क्षण इव कथं दीर्घयामा त्रियामा Me.11, Ku.7.21,26; R.9.7; V.3. 22.
    -2 turmeric.
    -3 the Indigo plant.
    -4 the river Yamuṇā.
    -युगः an epithet of Viṣṇu; धर्मं महापुरुष पासि युगानुवृत्तं छन्नः कलौ यदभवस्त्रियुगो$थ सत्त्वम् Bhāg.7.9.38; the god in the form of यज्ञपुरुष; Bhāg.5.18.35.
    -योनिः a law-suit (in which a person engages from anger, cove- tousness, or infatuation).
    -रसकम् spirituous liquor; see त्रिसरकम्.
    -रात्र a. lasting for three nights. (
    -त्रः) a festival lasting for three nights. (
    -त्रम्) a period of three nights.
    -रेखः a conch-shell.
    -लिङ्ग a. having three genders, i. e. an adjective.
    -2 possessing the three Guṇas. (
    -गाः) the country called Telaṅga. (
    -गी) the three genders taken collectively.
    -लोकम् the three worlds. (
    -कः) an inhabitant of the three worlds; यद्धर्मसूनोर्बत राजसूये निरीक्ष्य दृक्स्वस्त्ययनं त्रिलोकः Bhāg.3. 2.13. ˚आत्मन् m. the Supreme Being. ˚ईशः the sun. ˚नाथः 'lord of the three worlds', an epithet of
    1 Indra; त्रिलोकनाथेन सदा मखद्विषस्त्वया नियम्या ननु दिव्यचक्षुषा R.3.45.
    -2 of Śiva; Ku.5.77. ˚रक्षिन् a. protecting the 3 worlds; त्रिलोकरक्षी महिमा हि वज्रिणः V.1.6.
    -लोकी the three worlds taken collectively, the universe; सत्यामेव त्रिलोकीसरिति हरशिरश्चुम्बिनीविच्छटायाम् Bh.3.95; Śānti.4.22.
    -लोचनः Śiva.
    (-ना) 1 an unchaste woman.
    -2 an epithet of Durgā.
    -लोहकम् the three metals:-- gold, silver, and copper.
    -वर्गः 1 the three objects of wordly existence, i. e. धर्म, अर्थ, and काम; अनेन धर्मः सविशेषमद्य मे त्रिवर्गसारः प्रतिभाति भाविनि Ku.5.38; अन्योन्यानुबन्धम् (त्रिवर्गम्) Kau. A.1.7; प्राप त्रिवर्गं बुबुधे$त्रिवर्गम् (मोक्षम्) Bu. Ch.2.41.
    -2 the three states of loss, stability, and increase; क्षयः स्थानं च वृद्धिश्च त्रिवर्गो नीतिवेदिनाम् Ak.
    -3 the three qualities of nature, i. e. सत्त्व, रजस्, and तमस्.
    -4 the three higher castes.
    -5 the three myrobalans.
    -6 propriety, decorum.
    -वर्णकम् the first three of the four castes of Hindus taken collectively.
    -वर्ष a. three years old; Ms.5.7.
    -वलिः, -ली f. (in comp.) three folds over a woman's navel (regarded as a mark of beauty)
    -वली the anus.
    -वारम् ind. three times, thrice.
    -विक्रमः Viṣṇu in his fifth or dwarf incarnation. ˚रसः a patent medicine in Āyurveda.
    -विद्यः a Brāhmaṇa versed in the three Vedas.
    -विध a. of three kinds, three-fold.
    -विष्टपम्, -पिष्टपम् 1 the world of Indra, heaven; त्रिविष्टपस्येव पतिं जयन्तः R.6.78.
    -2 the three worlds. ˚सद् m. a god.
    -वृत् a.
    1 threefold; मौञ्जी त्रिवृत्समा श्लक्ष्णा कार्या विप्रस्य मेखला Ms.2.42.
    -2 consisting of three parts (as three गुणs, विद्याs); Bhāg.3.24.33;1.23.39; (consisting of three letters- ओङ्कार); हिरण्यगर्भो वेदानां मन्त्राणां प्रणवस्त्रिवृत् Bhāg.11.16.12. (-m.)
    1 a sacrifice.
    -2 a girdle of three strings; Mb.12.47.44.
    -3 an amulet of three strings. (-f.) a plant possessing valuable purgative properties. ˚करण combining three things, i. e. earth, water, and fire.
    -वृत्तिः livelihood through 3 things (sacrifice, study and alms).
    -वेणिः, -णी f. the place near Prayāga where the Ganges joins the Yamunā and receives under ground the Sarasvatī; the place called दक्षिणप्रयाग where the three sacred rivers separate.
    -वेणुः 1 The staff (त्रिदण्ड) of a Saṁnyāsin; केचित् त्रिवेणुं जगृहुरेके पात्रं कमण्डलुम् Bhāg.11.23.34.
    -2 The pole of a chariot; अथ त्रिवेणुसंपन्नं...... बभञ्ज च महारथम् Rām.3. 51.16; Mb.7.156.83; a three bannered (chariot); Bhāg.4.26.1.
    -वेदः a Brāhmaṇa versed in the three Vedas.
    -शक्तिः a deity (त्रिकला), Māyā; Bhāg.2.6.31.
    -शङ्कुः 1 N. of a celebrated king of the Solar race, king of Ayodhyā and father of Hariśchandra. [He was a wise, pious, and just king, but his chief fault was that he loved his person to an inordinate degree. Desiring to celebrate a sacrifice by virtue of which he could go up to heaven in his mortal body, he requested his family-priest Vasiṣṭha to officiate for him; but being refused he next requested his hundred sons who also rejected his absurd proposal. He, therefore, called them cowardly and impotent, and was, in return for these insults, cursed and degraded by them to be a Chāṇḍāla. While he was in this wretched condition, Viśvāmitra, whose family Triśaṅku had in times of famine laid under deep obligations, undertook to celebrate the sacrifice, and invited all the gods to be present. They, however, declined; whereupon the enraged Viśvāmitra. by his own power lifted up Triśaṅku to the skies with his cherished mortal body. He began to soar higher and higher till his head struck against the vault of the heaven, when he was hurled down head-foremost by Indra and the other gods. The mighty Viśvāmitra, however, arrested him in his downward course, saying 'Stay Triśaṅku', and the unfortunate monarch remained suspended with his head towards the earth as a constellation in the southern hemisphere. Hence the wellknown proverb:-- त्रिशङ्कुरिवान्तरा तिष्ठ Ś.2.]
    -2 the Chātaka bird.
    -3 a cat.
    -4 a grass-hopper.
    -5 a fire- fly. ˚जः an epithet of Hariśchandra. ˚याजिन् m. an epithet of Viśvāmitra.
    -शत a. three hundred.
    (-तम्) 1 one hundred and three.
    -2 three hundred.
    -शरणः a Buddha.
    -शर्करा three kinds of sugar (गुडोत्पन्ना, हिमोत्था, and मधुरा).
    -शाख a. three-wrinkled; भ्रुकुट्या भीषणमुखः प्रकृत्यैव त्रिशाखया Ks.12.72.
    -शालम् a house with three halls or chambers.
    -शिखम् 1 a trident; तदापतद्वै त्रिशिखं गरुत्मते Bhāg.1.59.9.
    -2 a crown or crest (with three points).
    -शिरस् m.
    1 N. of a demon killed by Rāma.
    -2 an epithet of Kubera.
    -3 fever. त्रिशिरस्ते प्रसन्नो$स्मि व्येतु ते मज्ज्वराद्भयम् Bhāg.1.63.29.
    -शीर्षः Śiva.
    -शीर्षकम्, -शूलम् a trident. ˚अङ्कः, ˚धारिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -शुक्लम् the holy combination of 'three days' viz. Uttarāyaṇa (day of the gods), the bright half of the moon (day of the manes) and day- time; त्रिशुक्ले मरणं यस्य, L. D. B.
    -शूलिन् m. an epithet of Śiva.
    -शृङ्गः 1 the Trikūṭa mountain.
    -2 a triangle.
    -शोकः the soul.
    -षष्टिः f. sixty-three.
    -ष्टुभ् f. a metre of 4 x 11 syllables.
    -संध्यम्, -संध्यी the three periods of the day, i. e. dawn, noon, and sunset; also
    -त्रिसवनम् (
    -षवणम्); Ms.11.216.
    -संध्यम् ind. at the time of the three Sandhyas; सान्निध्यं पुष्करे येषां त्रिसन्ध्यं कुरुनन्दन Mb.
    -सप्तत a. seventy-third.
    -सप्ततिः f. seventy-three.
    -सप्तन्, -सप्त a. (pl.) three times 7, i. e. 21.
    -सम a. (in geom.) having three equal sides, equilateral.
    -सरः milk, sesamum and rice boiled together.
    -सरकम् drinking wine thrice ('सरकं शीधुपात्रे स्यात् शीधुपाने च शीधुनि' इति विश्वः); प्रातिभं त्रिसरकेण गतानाम् Śi.1.12.
    -सर्गः the creation of the 3 Guṇas; Bhāg.1.1.1.
    -साधन a. having a threefold causality; R.3.13.
    -सामन् a. singing 3 Sāmans (an उद्गातृ); उद्गाता तत्र संग्रामे त्रिसामा दुन्दुभिर्नृप Mb.12.98.27.
    -साम्यम् an equilibrium of the three (qualities); Bhāg.2.7.4.
    -सुपर्णः, -र्णम् 1 N. of the three Ṛigvedic verses (Rv.1.114.3-5).
    -2 N. of T. Ār.1.48-5; -a. familiar with or reciting these verses; Ms.3.185.
    -स्थली the three sacred places: काशी, प्रयाग, and गया.
    -स्थानम् the head, neck and chest to- gether; तन्त्रीलयसमायुक्तं त्रिस्थानकरणान्वितम् Rām.7.71.15. -a.
    1 having 3 dwelling places.
    -2 extending through the 3 worlds.
    -स्रोतस् f. an epithet of the Ganges; त्रिस्रोतसं वहति यो गगनप्रतिष्ठाम् Ś.7.6; R.1.63; Ku.7.15.
    -सीत्य, -हल्य a. ploughed thrice (as a field).
    -हायण a. three years old.

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > त्रि _tri

  • 120 वाल्मिकिः _vālmikiḥ _वाल्मीकः _vālmīkḥ _वाल्मीकिः _vālmīkiḥ

    वाल्मिकिः वाल्मीकः वाल्मीकिः [वल्मीके भवः अण् इञ् वा] N. of a celebrated sage, and author of the Rāmāyaṇa; कवीन्दुं नौमि वाल्मीकिं यस्य रामायणीं कथाम् । चन्द्रिकामिव चिन्वन्ति चकोरा इव साधवः ॥ Udb. [He was a Brāhmaṇa by birth, but being abandoned by his parents in his childhood, he was found by some wild mountaineers who taught him the art of thieving. He soon became an adept in the art, and pursued his business of plun- dering and killing (where necessary) travellers for several years. One day he saw a great sage whom he asked on pain of death to deliver up his possessions. But the sage told him to go home and ask his wife and children if they were ready to become his part- ners in the innumerable iniquities that he had com- mitted. He accordingly went home, but returned dis- mayed at their unwillingness. The sage then told him to repeat the word marā (which is Rāma inverted) and disappeared. The robber continued to repeat it for years together without moving from the place, so that his body was covered up with ant-hills. But the same sage reappeared and got him out, and as he issued from the 'valmika' he was called Vālmiki, and became afterwards an eminent sage. One day while he was performing his ablutions, he saw one of a pair of Krauncha birds being killed by a fowler, at which he cursed the wretch in words which unconsiously took the form of a verse in the Anuṣṭubh metre. This was a new mode of composition, and at the command of the god Brahman he composed the first poem the Rāmāyaṇa. When Sītā was abandoned by Rāma, he gave her shelter under his roof, and brought up her two sons. He afterwards restored them all to Rāma.]

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > वाल्मिकिः _vālmikiḥ _वाल्मीकः _vālmīkḥ _वाल्मीकिः _vālmīkiḥ

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