-
1 WITH
For the purpose of Neo-Quenya writing, the best translation of "with" (in the sense of "together with") is probably \#as, attested with a pronominal suffix (see below). A string of various prepositional elements meaning "with" are attested, but all are probably not meant to coexist in the same form of Quenya; rather Tolkien often changed his mind about the details. The preposition lé, le found in early material (QL:52) is probably best avoided in LotR-style Quenya (in which langauge le is rather the pronoun "you"). Tolkien later seems to be experimenting with yo and ó/o as words for "with"; yo hildinyar in SD:56 probably means *"with my heirs", and VT43:29 reproduces a table where various pronouns are suffixed to ó-, probably meaning "with" (óni *"with me", ólë *"with you", etc.) In the essay Quendi and Eldar, Tolkien assigns a dual meaning to ó- as a prefix; it was used "in words describing the meeting, junction, or union of two things or persons, or of two groups thought of as units" (WJ:367; cf. 361 regarding the underlying stem WO, said to be a dual adverb "together"). The plural equivalent of dual ó- is yo- (as in yomenië, WJ:407 cf. 361 regarding the underlying root JŌ), and it may seem to be this yo that occurs as an independent preposition in yo hildinyar in SD:56. The idea that ó- is a distinctly dual form does not appear in all sources; in VT43:29 we have forms like *ómë *"with us", implying at least three persons. In Tolkien's drafts for a Quenya rendering of the Hail Mary, he experimented with various prepositional elements for the phrase "with thee" (see VT43:29). A form carelyë was replaced with aselyë in the final version. Removing the ending -lyë "thee" and the connecting vowel before it leaves us with \#as as the word (or a word) for "with"; this is ultimately related to the conjunction ar "and" (see VT43:30, 47:31). – In English, the preposition "with" may also have an instrumental force, which is best rendered by the Quenya instrumental case (e.g. *nambanen "with [= using] a hammer").
См. также в других словарях:
Where Does My Heart Beat Now — Infobox Single Name = Where Does My Heart Beat Now Artist = Céline Dion from Album = Unison Released = Start date|1990|11|19 Format = CD single, cassette single, vinyl single Recorded = West Side Studios Genre = Pop Length = 4:33 (album/single… … Wikipedia
Where Does It Hurt — Infobox Single Name = Where Does It Hurt Artist = Alexz Johnson from Album = Songs from Instant Star 3 Released = 2007 Format = Mp3 Recorded = 2007 Genre = Rock Length = 4:22 Label = The Orange Record Label Writer = Greg Johnston Rob Wells… … Wikipedia
where — W1S1 [weə US wer] adv, conj, pron [: Old English; Origin: hwAr] 1.) in or to which place ▪ Where are you going? ▪ Where do they live? ▪ Do you know where my glasses are? ▪ Where would you like to sit? where (...) to/from ▪ Where have you come… … Dictionary of contemporary English
Where — Where, adv. [OE. wher, whar, AS. hw?r; akin to D. waar, OS. hw?r, OHG. hw[=a]r, w[=a]r, w[=a], G. wo, Icel. and Sw. hvar, Dan. hvor, Goth. hwar, and E. who; cf. Skr. karhi when. [root]182. See {Who}, and cf. {There}.] [1913 Webster] 1. At or in… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Where away — Where Where, adv. [OE. wher, whar, AS. hw?r; akin to D. waar, OS. hw?r, OHG. hw[=a]r, w[=a]r, w[=a], G. wo, Icel. and Sw. hvar, Dan. hvor, Goth. hwar, and E. who; cf. Skr. karhi when. [root]182. See {Who}, and cf. {There}.] [1913 Webster] 1. At… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
where — /hwair, wair/, adv. 1. in or at what place?: Where is he? Where do you live? 2. in what position or circumstances?: Where do you stand on this question? Without money, where are you? 3. in what particular respect, way, etc.?: Where does this… … Universalium
where — [[t](h)wɛər, wɛər[/t]] adv. 1) in or at what place?: Where is he? Where do you live?[/ex] 2) in what position or circumstances?: Where do you stand on this question? Without money, where are you?[/ex] 3) in what particular respect, way, etc.?:… … From formal English to slang
where — /wɛə / (say wair) adverb 1. in or at what place: where is she? where do you live? 2. in what position or circumstances: where do you stand on this question? without money where are you? 3. in what particular, respect, way, etc.: where does this… …
where — I. adverb Etymology: Middle English, from Old English hwǣr; akin to Old High German hwār where, Old English hwā who more at who Date: before 12th century 1. a. at, in, or to what place < where is the house > < where are we going > b. at, in, or… … New Collegiate Dictionary
Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going? — is one of Paul Gauguin s most famous paintings. Gauguin inscribed this title in French in the upper left corner: D où Venons Nous / Que Sommes Nous / Où Allons Nous ; in the upper right corner he signed and dated the painting: P. Gauguin / 1897… … Wikipedia
where — [ wer, hwer ] function word *** Where can be used in the following ways: as a question adverb (introducing a direct or indirect question): Where are you going? I wonder where she lives. as a relative adverb (referring back to a noun and… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
