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1 HE, HIM
(personal 3rd sg. pronoun): As a pronominal suffix, the entire 3rd person singular “he, she, it” is expressed by the ending -s, e.g. caris *“(s)he/it does” (VT49:16, 48). Sometimes a verb with no pronominal ending whatsoever implies a subject “he, she, it”, e.g. nornë “he ran” (PE17:58), fírië “she has breathed forth” (MR:250), tinë “it glints” (TIN). A distinctly masculine ending -ro does occur in early material (antaváro “he will give”, LR:63), but was apparently abandoned by Tolkien. The ending -s may also appear in the “rare” longer form -së (VT49:51, descended from older -sse, VT49:20), perhaps distinctly personal (cf. násë “he [or she] is” vs. nás “it is”, VT49:27, 30). The ending -s is also attested in object position, e.g. melinyes “I love him” (VT49:21; this could also mean *”I love her” or *”I love it”). “He/she” (or even “it”, when some living thing is concerned) does have a distinct form when it appears as an independent pronoun: se (VT49:37), also with a long vowel (sé, VT49:51) when stressed. (Contrast the use of sa for “it” with reference to non-living things.) The independent form may also appear in object position: melin sé, “I love him [/her]” (VT49:21). Case endings may be added, e.g. allative sena or senna “at him [/her]”, “to him/her” (VT49:14, 45-46); se also appears suffixed to a preposition in the word ósë *”with him/her” (VT43:29). A distinct pronoun hé can be used for “he/she” = “the other”, as in a sentence like “I love him (sé) but not him (hé).” Genitive HIS/HER (or ITS, of a living thing) would normally appear as the ending -rya, e.g. coarya “his house” (WJ:369), máryat “her hands” (Nam), the latter with a dual ending following -rya. “His/her” as an independent word could be *senya (compare ninya “my” vs. ni “I”, nin “for me”). – Reflexive pronoun, see HIMSELF. –VT49:16, 51, VT43:29, VT49:15, LotR:1008
См. также в других словарях:
Whatsoever — What so*ev er, pron. & a. Whatever. In whatsoever shape he lurk. Milton. [1913 Webster] Whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do. Gen. xxxi. 16. [1913 Webster] Note: The word is sometimes divided by tmesis. What things soever ye desire. Mark xi. 24 … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
whatsoever — index whatever Burton s Legal Thesaurus. William C. Burton. 2006 … Law dictionary
whatsoever — mid 13c., quuat so euere; see WHAT (Cf. what) + SO (Cf. so) + EVER (Cf. ever) … Etymology dictionary
whatsoever — ► ADVERB ▪ at all. ► DETERMINER & PRONOUN archaic ▪ whatever … English terms dictionary
whatsoever — [hwut΄sōer′hwut΄sō ev′ər, wut΄sō ev′ər] pron., adj. whatever: an emphatic form: also Old Poet. whatsoe er [hwut΄sōer′] … English World dictionary
whatsoever — what|so|ev|er1 [ ,watsou evər, ,hwatsou evər ] adverb * used for emphasizing a negative statement: WHATEVER: no something whatsoever: It had no effect whatsoever. I have no doubt whatsoever. none whatsoever: Are there any problems? None… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
whatsoever — I UK [ˌwɒtsəʊˈevə(r)] / US [ˌwɑtsoʊˈevər] / US [ˌhwɑtsoʊˈevər] adverb * used for emphasizing a negative statement no something whatsoever: It had no effect whatsoever. I have no doubt whatsoever. none whatsoever: Are there any problems? None… … English dictionary
whatsoever — [[t](h)wɒ̱tsoʊe̱və(r)[/t]] ADV: usu with brd neg, n ADV (emphasis) You use whatsoever after a noun group in order to emphasize a negative statement. My school did nothing whatsoever in the way of athletics... I don t think they ll have any idea… … English dictionary
whatsoever — /hwut soh ev euhr, hwot , wut , wot /, pron., adj. (an intensive form of whatever): whatsoever it be; in any place whatsoever. [1200 50; ME, equiv. to what so whatever (OE swa hwaet swa) + ever EVER] * * * … Universalium
whatsoever — adjective /ˌwɒtsəʊˈɛvə/ a) Whatever. “In whatsoever shape he lurk”. (Milton) b) In any way; at all. “Whatsoever God hath said unto thee, do”. (Gen. xxxi. 16) … Wiktionary
whatsoever — /wɒtsoʊˈɛvə/ (say wotsoh evuh) pronoun, adjective intensive form of whatever: whatsoever it be; in any place whatsoever. Also, Poetic, whatsoe er /wɒtsoʊˈɛə/ (say wotsoh air) …
