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1 hvalur
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2 hvallÿsi
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3 HVALR
(-s, -ar, and -ir), m. whale; skera hval, to flense a whale.* * *m., pl. hvalar, Sks. 180 B; hvala, acc. pl., K. Þ. K. 138; hvalana, Grág. ii. 387; hvala alla, 359; mod. hvalir: [A. S. hwœl; Germ. wall-fisch; Dan. hval]:— a whale, Hým. 21, Rb. 1812. 17, Grág. i. 159, ii. 337: as to the right to claim whales as jetsum, see the law in Grág. and Jb., the Reka-bálkr and the Sagas passim, e. g. Grett. ch. 14,Eb. ch. 57, Háv. ch. 3, Fbr. ch. 9:—there was always a great stir when a whale was driven ashore, flýgr fiskisaga ferr hvalsaga; í hvals líki, Fms. xi. 182, Fas. ii. 131; hvals auki, amber, old Dan. hvals-öky, Sks.; hvals hauss, a whale’s head; hvals ván, expectation of a whale being drifted ashore, Vm. 174; hvals verð, a whale’s value, Grág. ii. 373; hvala blástr, the blowing of a whale; hvala-kváma, arrival of shoals of whales, Eg. 135; hvala-kyn, a species of whale, Sks. 121; in Edda (Gl.) and in Sks. l. c. no less than twenty-five kinds of whales are enumerated and described; hvala-skúfr, whale guts, a nickname, Landn.; hvala-vetr, a winter when many whales were caught, Ann. 1375: in local names, Hvals-á, Hvals-nes, Hval-fjörðr, Hvals-eyrr, Landn. etc.COMPDS: hvalambr, hvalfiskr, hvalfjara, hvalfjós, hvalflutningr, hvalflystri, hvalfundr, hvalföng, hvalgrafir, hvalgæði, hvalgögn, hvaljárn, hvalkaup, hvalkálfr, hvalklippa, hvalkváma, hvallátr, hvalmagi, hvalmál, hvalreið, hvalreki, hvalrekstr, hvalrétti, hvalréttr, hvalrif, hvalró, hvalsaga, hvalskipti, hvalskíð, hvalskurðr, hvalskyti, hvaltaka, hvaltíund, hvalvágr, hvalván, hvalfrón. -
4 REYÐR
(gen. -ar, dat. and acc. -i, pl. -ar), f. rorqual, finner-whale.* * *f., dat. and acc. reyði. pl. reyðar, [Ivar Aasen royr-hval; Faroic royur]:—a kind of whale, from its reddish colour; þat er enn eitt hvala-kyn er reyðr er kallat, Sks. 136; hafði rekit upp reyði mikla, í hval þeim áttu …, Eb. 292; fundu þeir reyði nýdauða, keyrðu í festar, Glúm. 392; reyðr var þar upp rokin bæði mikil ok góð, fóru til siðan ok skáru hvalinn, Fb. i. 545, Fas. ii. 148, Edda(Gl.): names of various kinds of whales are compds with this word, hrafn-reyðr, steypi-r., vagn-r.: reyðar-hvalr, m. = reyðr, Sturl. ii. 20; reyðar-síða, u, f. a nickname, Landn.II. a kind of trout, salmo alpinus, L. Edda (Gl.), Sturl. ii. 202; aurriða-fiski ok rðra (sic), Boldt 147; á-reyðr, a female trout: in Icel. local names, Reyðar-vatn, n. Trout-water; Reyðar-múli, a, m. Trout-mull, for the origin of the name see Sturl. ii. 202; Reyðar-fjörðr, m., in the east of Icel., prob. from the whale. -
5 BJARGA
* * *I)(berg; barg, burgum; borginn), v.1) to help, save, with dat.;nema Þ. byrgi honum, unless Th. helped him;sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind (viz. against the giants, i. e. Thor);guðs son er öllum heimi barg, who saved the whole world;impers., e-m er borgit, one is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger (brutu skip sitt ok týndu fé öllu, en mönnum varð borgit flestum);bjarga skipshöfn, to rescue the shipwrecked;bjarga skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of the tide;bjarga hval, to secure a dead whale (by dragging it ashore);bjarga konum, to help labouring women (cf. bjargrúnar);bjarga kúm, to attend cows calving;bjarga nám, to render the last service to dead bodies (cf. nábjargir);bjarga sök, máli, to succeed in winning a case, a suit;2) refl., bjargast, to keep up the heart, esp. against cold or hunger;Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in a snow storm);bjargast sjálfr, to gain one’s bread;bjargast á sínar hendr, to support oneself with one’s own hands;bjargast úti, to find one’s food (graze) in the field (of cattle);Snorri góði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly with eating the cheese;verði þér nú at bjargast við slík sem til er, you must now put up with what you can get.(að), v. (rare), = preceding (bjargat mun málinu verða).* * *barg, burgu, borgit; pres. bergr, pl. björgum; imperat. bjarg; pret. subj. byrga: in mod. use after the Reformation this verb is constantly used weak, bjarga, að, pres. bjargar, pret. bjargat; the only remnant of the old is the sup. borgit, etc. In Norway this weak form occurs very early, e. g. bjargar, servat, Hom. 17; in Icel. the weak seldom occurs before the 15th century; bjargaðist, Fs. 143, and bjargat (sup.) = borgit, Lv. 11, are probably due to these passages being left in paper MSS.; the weak bjargaði, however, occurs in a vellum MS. of the 15th century, Þorf. Karl. 388; 1st pers. pres. bjarga, Fms. xi. 150 (MS. 13th century) seems to be a Norse idiom, [Goth. bairgan; Hel. bergan; A. S. beargan; cp. birgr]:—to save, help; with dat., bergr hverjum sem eigi er feigr (a proverb), Sturl. iii. 220; sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind, viz. against the giants, i. e. Thor, Hým. 22; nema Þorgeirr byrgi honum, Rd. 295: absol., Guð barg (by God’s grace) er konungrinn varð eigi sárr, Fms. v. 268: in theol. sense, vildu þeir eigi snúast til mín at ek byrga þeim, 656 C. 23, Hom. l. c.: impers., e-m er borgit, is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger, Fær. 178, Hkv. Hjörv. 29.2. a law term; b. sök, máli, to find a point of defence; hann bergr þeim kosti sökinni, at …, Grág. i. 40; bergsk hann við bjargkviðinn, he is free by virtue of the verdict, 36; borgit mun nú verða at lögum, i. e. there will be some means of putting it right, Lv. 11, Nj. 36.3. special phrases; b. skipshöfn, to pick up the shipwrecked, Þorf. Karl. l. c., Fms. xi. 412; skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of tides and waves, Grág. ii. 385; hval, to drag a dead whale ashore, Gþl. 461: to help labouring women (v. bjargrúnar), Sdm. 9; b. nám (v. nábjargir), to render the last service to a dead body, 33; b. kúm, to attend cows casting calf, Bjarn. 32; b. búfé, to milk ewes, N. G. L. i. 10; b. brókum, cacare, Fms. xi. 150.II. recipr. of mutual help; bjargast at allir saman, to be saved all in common, Hkr. ii. 347.III. reflex., bjargask vel, to behave well, keep the heart up, esp. in cold or hunger; Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in snow storm), Sturl. iii. 215, Orkn. 324, of one shipwrecked; b. úti, of cattle, to graze, N. G. L. i. 25; b. sjálfr, to gain one’s bread, Grág. i. 294; b. á sínar hendr (spýtur), to support oneself with one’s own hands, Fms. ii. 159: of food or drink, cp. bergja; Snorri goði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly eating the cheese, Eb. 244; hann spurði, hví hann byrgist svá lítt (v. l. mataðist svá seint), … why he ate so slowly, id.; verði þér nú at bjargast við slíkt sem til er, you must put up with what you can get, Germ. für lieb nehmen, Eg. 204; hon bað fyrir þær matar ok burgust þær við þat, Clem. 26; hon bjargaðist (= bargst) lítt við þá fæðu er til var, she could hardly eat the food they had (v. l. hjúkaðist), Fs. 174. Part. borginn, used as adj. and even in compar.; impers., erat héra (héri = hegri = duck) at borgnara þótt hæna beri skjöld, the drake is none the better off though a hen shield him, metaph. of a craven, Fs. 174, Fms. vii. 116: [Early Engl. to borrow = to save, ‘who borrowed Susanna out of wo,’ Sir Guy of Warwick.] -
6 búri
a, m. and búr-hvalr, m. a sort of whale, physiter macrocepbalus Sks. 177 B: for a popular superstition as to this whale v. Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 629. -
7 hrafn-hvalr
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8 hval-fjara
u, f. a whale beach, on which a whale has drifted and is cut up. -
9 hval-kálfr
n. a whale-calf, young whale, Fas. iii. 546. -
10 hvítingr
m. a kind of whale.* * *m. a kind of whale, Sks. 123, Gkv. 2. 42; mod. mjaldr: name of horses, Bjarn. 20: of drinking horns, Fms. iii. 189. -
11 TÁLKN
* * *n. gills of fish; whale-bone.* * *n., usually in pl. the gills of fish, as also of whale-bone; bein eða tálkn, Grág. ii. 371, Jb. 315; fann hann tálkn ok vóru þar á rúnar, hann brenndi tálknið allt, Eg. 566, 567; tálkn þau er vaxin eru í munni honum, Sks. 135; þessir fiskar ( those whales) hafa hvárki tönn né tálkn, 120: as a nickname, tálkni, Landn.: whence Tálkna-fjörðr, id.COMPDS: tálknfanar, tálknkefli, tálknskíð, tálknsproti, tálknstika. -
12 VÖGN
I)(pl. vagnir), f. a kind of whale, a dolphin or grampus.m. = vögn.* * *f. (also vagna, u, f.), pl. vagnir, a kind of whale, delphinus orca; plur. vagnir, Sks. (Gronl. Hist. M. iii. 291, v. l.), Edda (Gl.), Lex. Poët.; vögnu láð, the sea, Ód.COMPDS: vögnbráð, vögnhvalr. -
13 þjós
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14 ÞVEST
or þvesti, n. [no doubt akin to Ulf. ga-þwastian = to make fast, þwastiþa = το ἀσφαλές]:—prop. the fast or firm parts, the lean of the flesh, as opp. to the fat, the lean of a whale’s flesh, the flesh underneath the blubber of a whale, opp. to ‘rengi’ and ‘spik;’ at af teknu þvesti ok beinum, Vm. 107; þvest-slytti, blubber, Grett. (in a verse); the word is freq. in mod. usage. -
15 barð-hvalr
m. a sort of whale, Sks. 124, Edda (Gl.) -
16 blástr-hol
n. the blow-hole of a whale. -
17 blæju-hvalr
m. [Germ. bleie], a kind of whale, alburnus, Edda (Gl.) -
18 BÓGR
(gen. bógar, dat. bœgi; pl. bœgir, acc. bógu), m. shoulder (of an animal).* * *m., old acc. pl. bógu, Nj. 95, Fms. v. 163, etc.: mod. bóga; old dat. bægi, Hlt., Vkv. 31, Stj. 249, [A. S. bôg; Dan. boug; Engl. bow of a ship; and in Old Engl. bowres are the muscles of the shoulder]:— the shoulder of an animal, (armr of a man); á hinum hægra bæginum, Stj. 249; ek hjó varginn í sundr fyrir aptan bóguna, Nj. l. c., Fms. l. c.; lær uxans tvau ok báða bógana, the shoulder-piece of the ox (the Ob. bóguna), Edda 45; cp. bœgsli or bæxli, the shoulder of a whale or dragon, v. Lex. Poët.:— the bow of a ship, v. bóglína above.2. mod. metaph. of the side of a person or thing; á hinn, þann bóginn, on this, on that side; á báða bóga, on both sides, etc. -
19 bunungr
m. a sort of whale, Edda (Gl.) -
20 BÆXL
mod. bæxli, n. [bógr], the shoulder (Lat. armus) of a dragon, whale, shark, or the like, Fms. vi. 351, Bret. 544.16, Gullþ. 7.
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