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1 сельскохозяйственные вредители
сельскохозяйственные вредители
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
agricultural pest
Insects and mites that damage crops, weeds that compete with field crops for nutrients and water, plants that choke irrigation channels or drainage systems, rodents that eat young plants and grain, and birds that eat seedlings or stored foodstuffs. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сельскохозяйственные вредители
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2 растворенный кислород
растворенный кислород
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
dissolved oxygen
The amount of oxygen dissolved in a stream, river or lake is an indication of the degree of health of the stream and its ability to support a balanced aquatic ecosystem. The oxygen comes from the atmosphere by solution and from photosynthesis of water plants. The maximum amount of oxygen that can be held in solution in a stream is termed the saturation concentration and, as it is a function of temperature, the greater the temperature, the less the saturation amount. The discharge of an organic waste to a stream imposes an oxygen demand on the stream. If there is an excessive amount of organic matter, the oxidation of waste by microorganisms will consume oxygen more rapidly than it can be replenished. When this happens, the dissolved oxygen is depleted and results in the death of the higher forms of life. (Source: PORT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > растворенный кислород
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3 опреснительная установка
опреснительная установка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
desalination plant
1) Plants for the extraction of fresh water from saltwater by the removal of salts, usually by distilling.
2) Parts of the world with severe water shortages are looking to desalination plants to solve their problems. Desalination of water is still nearly four times more expensive than obtaining water from conventional sources. However technology is improving and costs are likely to decrease slightly in the future. There is now more interest in building distillation plants beside electric installations so that the waste heat from power generation can be used to drive the desalination process.
(Source: ALL / WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > опреснительная установка
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4 модернизация заводского оборудования
модернизация заводского оборудования
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
retrofitting of old plants
Making changes to old industrial plants installing new equipment's and facilities for the disposal of gas emissions in the atmosphere, of waste water and waste material in soil and water. (Source: RRDA)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > модернизация заводского оборудования
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5 энергия ГЭС
энергия ГЭС
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
hydroelectric energy
The free renewable source of energy provided by falling water that drives the turbines. Hydropower is the most important of the regenerable energy sources because of its highest efficiency at the energy conversion. There are two types of hydroelectric power plants: a) run-of-river power plants for the use of affluent water; b) storage power plants (power stations with reservoir) where the influx can be regulated with the help of a reservoir. Mostly greater differences in altitudes are being used, like mountain creeks. Power stations with reservoirs are generally marked by barrages with earth fill dam or concrete dams. Though hydropower generally can be called environmentally acceptable, there exist also some problems: a) change of groundwater level and fill up of the river bed with rubble. b) Risk of dam breaks. c) Great demand for land space for the reservoir. d) Diminution, but partly also increase of value of recreation areas. As the hydropowers of the world are limited, the world energy demand however is rising, finally the share of hydropower will decrease. (Source: PORT / PHC / PZ)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > энергия ГЭС
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6 влажность почвы
влажность почвы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil moisture
1) Water stored in soils.
2) One of the most important elements involved in pedological processes and plant growth. There are three basic forms:
a) water adhering in thin films by molecular attraction to the surface of soil particles and not available for plants is termed hygroscopic water.
b) Water forming thicker films and occupying the smaller pore spaces is termed capillary water. Since it is held against the force of gravity it is permanently available for plant growth and it is this type of soil water which contains plant nutrients in solution.
c) Water in excess of hygroscopic and capillary water is termed gravitational water, which is of a transitory nature because it flows away under the influence of gravity. When the excess has drained away the amount of water retained in the soil is termed its field capacity, when some of its pore spaces are still free of water.
(Source: LANDY / DUNSTE)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влажность почвы
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7 регенерация воды
регенерация воды
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
water regeneration
A process in which naturally occurring microorganisms, plants, trees or geophysical processes break down, degrade or filter out hazardous substances or pollutants from a body of water, cleansing and treating contaminated water without human intervention. (Source: OSW)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > регенерация воды
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8 сепаратор легких жидкостей
сепаратор легких жидкостей
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
separator of light liquids
A mechanical device for separating and removing residues from fuel and lubricating oil from waste water coming from filling stations and industrial plants in order to avoid pollution of water bodies; this system is based on the different specific weights of water and fuel residues that float on the water and can be easily removed. (Source: RRDA)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > сепаратор легких жидкостей
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9 рост водорослей
рост водорослей
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
algal bloom
Excessive and rapid growth of algae and other aquatic plants when they are stimulated to grow too quickly by pollution. It takes place when there are too many nutrients in the water and is aggravated when accompanied by a rise in temperature. Although the algae grow quickly they soon die because they have swallowed up all the water's nutrients. As they decompose they tend to rise to the surface and form a green slime. Algal bloom have increased because higher levels of nitrogen and phosphates from agricultural areas have leached from the fields into water courses. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > рост водорослей
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10 утилизация сточных вод
утилизация сточных вод
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
waste water disposal
Collection and removal of wastewater deriving from industrial and urban settlements by means of a system of pipes and treatment plants. (Source: MANCOS)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > утилизация сточных вод
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11 фитосанитарная обработка
фитосанитарная обработка
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
phytosanitary treatment
Removal of heavy metals from water by the employment of plants or treatment by which plant organisms act to degrade hazardous organic contaminants or transform hazardous inorganic contaminants to environmentally safe levels in soils, subsurface materials, water, sludges, and residues. (Source: ENVAR / LBL)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > фитосанитарная обработка
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12 восстановление растительного покрова
восстановление растительного покрова
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
revegetation
Planting of new trees and, particularly, of native plants in disturbed sites where the vegetation cover has been destroyed, to stabilize the land surface from wind and water erosion and to reclame the land for other uses. Revegetation practices are employed in mined lands, roadsides, parks, wetlands, utility corridors, riparian areas, etc. (Source: REVEGa / CORBIT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > восстановление растительного покрова
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13 ирригационная система
ирригационная система
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
irrigation system
A system of man-made channels for supplying water to land to allow plants to grow. (Source: PHC)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ирригационная система
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14 ирригация
ирригация
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
irrigation
1) To supply land with water so that crops and plants will grow or grow stronger. (Source: CAMB / WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ирригация
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15 испарение воды в атмосферу
испарение воды в атмосферу
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
evapotranspiration
Discharge of water from the earth's surface to the atmosphere by evaporation from lakes, streams and soil surfaces and by transpiration from plants. Also known as fly-off. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > испарение воды в атмосферу
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16 неустойчивая среда
неустойчивая среда
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
sensitive environment
Any parcel of land, large or small, under public or private control, that already has, or with remedial action could achieve, desirable environmental attributes. These attributes contribute to the retention and/or creation of wildlife habitat, soils stability, water retention or recharge, vegetative cover, and similar vital ecological functions. Environmentally sensitive areas range in size from small patches to extensive landscape features. They can include rare or common habitats, plants and animals. (Source: DUNSTE)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > неустойчивая среда
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17 отработанное тепло
отработанное тепло
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
waste heat
Heat derived from the cooling process of electric power generating plants and which can cause thermal pollution of water courses, promoting algal bloom. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > отработанное тепло
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18 охлаждающая башня
охлаждающая башня
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cooling tower
A device that aids in heat removal from water used as a coolant in electric power generating plants. (Source: LANDY)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > охлаждающая башня
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19 переработка резины
переработка резины
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
rubber processing
The systematic series of actions in which a solid substance deriving from rubber trees and plants is toughened and treated chemically to give it the strength, elasticity, resistance and other qualities needed for the manufacture of products such as erasers, elastic bands, water hoses, electrical insulation and tires. (Source: RHW)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > переработка резины
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20 правонарушение по отношению к окружающей среде
правонарушение по отношению к окружающей среде
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
offence against the environment
Unlawful acts against the environment, such as water contamination, hazardous waste disposal, air contamination, unpermitted installation of plants, oil spills, etc. (Source: AZENPa)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > правонарушение по отношению к окружающей среде
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