Перевод: с исландского на английский

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vers

  • 1 vers

    * * *
    n. verse;
    Maríu vers, Ave Maria.
    * * *
    n. [Lat. versus], a verse; ástráð Catonis, þat er hann réð syni sínum í versum, Skálda (Thorodd) 164; klausur eða vers, 174: of Latin composition, les fyrir oss þat er þú hefir diktað—Hann las þar af vers er hann hafði gört til Frú Abbadísar á Stað—Legg af héðan af versagörð, sagði erki-biskup, ok studera heldr í kirkjunnar lögum, Bs. i. 799, 800; kenna sönglist ok versgörð, 239; höfuð-staf þésins rit ek hvergi nema í vers-upphafi, Skálda 168. In mod. usage ‘vers’ is said of the ‘verses’ of hymns, but else ‘vísa’ or ‘erindi’ (eyrendi), Máriu-vers = Ave Maria, Bs. i. 352.
    COMPDS: versabók, versagraðall, versagörð.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > vers

  • 2 þvers

    adv. across, athwart; hann snýr þvers af leiðinni, he turns abruptly away from the path; þvers í móti e-u, quite contrary to.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > þvers

  • 3 versæl

    a. f. happy in one’s husband.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > versæl

  • 4 borð-vers

    m. = borðsálmr, N. G. L. i. 406.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > borð-vers

  • 5 Máríu-vers

    n. ‘Mary’s-verse’ = the Ave Maria, Bs. i. 500.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Máríu-vers

  • 6 borðvers

    n. verse of grace (cf. borðsálmr).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > borðvers

  • 7 erindi, vers

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > erindi, vers

  • 8 ÞVERR

    a.
    1) athwart, transverse, opp. to endilangr( tjalda um þveran skálann);
    lá hverr um annan þveran, in heaps;
    fara þverr á fœti at e-u, to be unwilling for a thing;
    beita þvert, to sail close-hauled, near the wind;
    2) adverse, contrary (veðr hörð ok þver);
    3) cross, obstinate;
    hann kvazt ekki þverr vera í því at selja skipit, he said he would not be hard about selling the ship;
    setja þvert nei fyrir, to deny flatly;
    ek vil þó eigi þvert taka, ef þér er lítit um, I will not take it crossly, if it is not to thy mind.
    * * *
    þver, þvert, adj., compar. þverari, þverast, but also þverstr; [Ulf. þwairhs = ὀργίλος, ὀργισθείς, þwairgei = ὄργη, ἔρις; A. S. þweorh; Engl. a-thwart, and also queer; Germ. quer (kv = þv, like kvistr, kvísl, for tvistr, tvísl); Dan. tvær; cp. Engl. to thwart]:—athwart, across, transverse, opp. to longways; tjalda um þveran skálann, Fms. i. 265; um þvert andlitið, Ó. H. 217; um þveran dal, Jb. 194; lá hvarr um þveran annan, in heaps, Fms. ix. 31; falla hvárr um þveran annan, pass.; járnspengr um þveran skjöld, Gþl. 105; þverrar handar hár, a hand’s breadth, Sd. 147; þremr þverum fingrum minni, Bs. i. 376; svá langt at þvers fótar sé, Karl. 112; ferr þú lítt þverr á fæti at fjándskap við oss, Ölk. 36: um þvert, across; geng ek um þvert frá leiki, out of their way, Sighvat: storm mikinn ok veðr þvert, adverse winds, Eg. 405; veðr hörð ok þver, Fms. x. 150; veðr þver af suðri, Grett. 86 A; sem sá í þveru veðri beitir löngum, Bs. i. 750; beittu þá sem þverast austr fyrir landit, Eg. 161.
    II. metaph., taka e-n þvert, to take it athwart, to deny flatly, Eg. 524; ek vil þó eigi þvert taka ( I will not insist on it) ef þér er lítið um, Nj. 26; var þat af þveru frá glíkendum, Bs. i. 347; setja þvert nei fyrir, to refuse, deny flatly, Ld. 196; hann kvaðsk ekki þverr vera í því at selja skipit, Nj. 259; biskup flutti ákafliga en Þórðr var inn þverasti, Sturl. iii. 17; var Þórgils þá svá þverr, at hann sagði svá, at …, 229; hvárr-tveggi var inn þverasti ok hvárrgi vildi til láta við annan, Bs. i. 760: þvert á móti, as adverb, quite the contrary (Dan. tværtimod), 687.
    III. þvers, adv. across, athwart; nú er þar þvers á móti gört, Bs. i. 740; hann snýr þvers af leiðinni, Nj. 132; hann snýr þvers á braut í skóginn, Edda 30; vísaði hann ollurn þvers frá því sem þau vóru, Fms. i. 72; hljóp hann þá þvers á brott at fela sik, vi. 303; þá víkja þeir þvers út eptir firðinum, ix. 43; sneri þvers annan veg frá liðinu, vii. 56; höfðu þeir þvers farit frá því sem þeir skyldu, viii. 56; þvers í mót yðvarri hugsan, Fb. i. 513: superl. þverst, ef þér kœmið í þverst þvari (see þvari), Hkv. Hjörv. 18 (Bugge, not þverz). þvers-um, adv. across.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÞVERR

  • 9 VERR

    I)
    (-s, -ar), m.
    1) sing. husband (vildi hón ver sínum vinna ofrhefndir);
    2) pl., verar, men (þú ert æ vísastr vera).
    adv. compar. worse; vánu v., worse than expected.
    * * *
    1.
    m. [Ulf. wair = ἀνήρ; A. S., Hel., and O. H. G. wer = a man; Lat. vir; the derivation from verja suggested in Edda 107 is fanciful]:—a man:
    1. sing. a husband; Sifjar verr = Thor, Hým. 3, 15, Þkv. 24, Grett. (in a verse); þótt varðir fái sér vers, Ls. 33; þar sitr Sigyn um sínum ver (dat.), Vsp. 39; vildi hón ver sínum vinna ofr-hefndir, Am. 72; hvern myndir þú kjósa þér at ver? Kormak; sof hjá ver þínum, id.; vön vers, Skv. 3. 9; leiða annarrar ver, 40; ganga með veri, to marry, Gkv. 2. 27; vörðr né verr, [ nor] ward nor husband, 3. 3; verr spákonu, the husband of a wise woman, Kormak; lirla veri sínum, to sing lullaby for her husband, Fms. vi. 251 (in a verse); vör ok gröm at veri, jealousy for her husband, Ls. 54; frum-ver, one’s wedded husband, Skv. 3. 59: in prose used in law phrases or sayings, svá er mörg við ver sinn vær at varla sér hón af honum nær, Skálda (Thórodd); til er hón kemr í vers hvílu, Grág. ii. 183; verr hennar, 89.
    2. in plur. verar, men; þar er vágu verar, Ls. 46; firðar ok fírar ok verar heita landvarnar-menn, Edda 107; sleit vargr vera, Vsp.; vápn-dauða vera, Gm. 8, Sdm. 33; þú ert æ vísastr vera, Vþm. 55; vera týr, the lord of men, i. e. Odin, Gm. 3; verr peim vera enginn, none of men can ward them off, Gsp.; megut þeim varða verar, id.
    3. in compds; ver-bróðir, ver-faðir, ver-fang, ver-gjarn, ver-lauss, ver-liðar, ver-öld, ver-sæll, ver-úlfr, ver-þjóð, qq. v., of which only veröld is a prose word, all the rest being poetical and obsolete.
    4. plur. verjar; skip-verjar, shipmen; suffixed to pr. names of people, mostly of counties or small tribes, Man-verjar, the Manx-men, Fms. vii. (in a verse); Hvin-verjar, Odda-verjar, Gaul-verjar, Dal-verjar, Skarð-verjar, Sturl., Landn.; Vík-verjar, the men of the county Wík in Norway: Róm-verjar, the Romans: in mod. usage, Spán-verjar, the Spanish; Þjóð-verjar, the Germans: this was a freq. usage in old Teut. names, in Lat. rendered by -varii; it remains in the Engl. Cant-er-bury (A. S. Cant-wara) = the burgh of the men of Kent.
    II. in the inflex. - eri or - ari, see Gramm. p. xxxii, col. i.
    III. in pr. names, Ver-mundr, Rand-verr.
    2.
    compar. worse, and verst, superl. worst, answering to ílla; [Ulf. wairs; A. S. wyrs: Engl. worse; Scot. waur; Swed. värr]: líka verst við e-n, Landn. 287; þykki mér þat verst, Eb. 170; hann var einna verst til Gunnars, Nj. 38; þeir hafa verr ( behave worse) er trygðum slitu, Mkv.; verr en ílla, worse than bad, i. e. exceedingly bad, Sturl. iii. 31; vánu verr, worse than expected, see ván.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VERR

  • 10 aur-falr

    s, m. [aurr, lutum, falr], the spike at the butt-end of a spear, Gr. σαυρωτήρ; þeir settu niðr aurfalina er þeir stóðu ok studdust við spjót sín, Fms. i. 280; síðan mældi hann grundvöll húsgörðarinnar fyrir þórhalli með aurfalnum á spjóti sínu, ii. 230; Abner sneri spjótinu í hendi sér ok lagði aurfalnum framan í kviðinn, Stj. 497, 2 Sam. ii. 23 (in Engl. Vers. ‘the hinder end of the spear’), Art. 105.
    β. used of an arrow, Fb. iii. 406.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > aur-falr

  • 11 ax-helma

    u, f. a blade of corn, ear and stem, Stj. 422, Ruth ii. 2 (Engl. Vers. ‘ears of corn’).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ax-helma

  • 12 Á

    * * *
    a negative suffix to verbs, not;
    era útmakligt, at it is not unmeet that.
    * * *
    1.
    á, prep., often used elliptically, or even adverbially, [Goth. ana; Engl. on; Germ. an. In the Scandinavian idioms the liquid n is absorbed. In English the same has been supposed to happen in adverbial phrases, e. g. ‘along, away, abroad, afoot, again, agate, ahead, aloft, alone, askew, aside, astray, awry,’ etc. It is indeed true that the Ormulum in its northern dialect freq. uses o, even in common phrases, such as ‘o boke, o land, o life, o slæpe, o strande, o write, o naht, o loft,’ etc., v. the glossary; and we may compare on foot and afoot, on sleep (Engl. Vers. of Bible) and asleep; A. S. a-butan and on-butan (about); agen and ongean (again, against); on bæc, aback; on life, alive; on middan, amid. But it is more than likely that in the expressions quoted above, as well as in numberless others, as well in old as in modern English, the English a- as well as the o- of the Ormulum and the modern Scottish and north of England o- are in reality remains of this very á pronounced au or ow, which was brought by the Scandinavian settlers into the north of England. In the struggle for supremacy between the English dialects after the Conquest, the Scandinavian form á or a won the day in many cases to the exclusion of the Anglo-Saxon on. Some of these adverbs have representatives only in the Scandinavian tongues, not in Anglo-Saxon; see below, with dat. B. II, C. VII; with acc. C. I. and VI. The prep. á denotes the surface or outside; í and ór the inside; at, til, and frá, nearness measured to or from an object: á thus answers to the Gr. επί; the Lat. in includes á and i together.]
    With dat. and acc.: in the first case with the notion of remaining on a place, answering to Lat. in with abl.; in the last with the notion of motion to the place, = Lat. in with acc.
    WITH DAT.
    A. Loc.
    I. generally on, upon; á gólfi, on the floor, Nj. 2; á hendi, on the hand (of a ring), 48, 225; á palli, 50; á steini, 108; á vegg, 115; á sjá ok á landi, on sea and land. In some instances the distinction between d and i is loose and wavering, but in most cases common sense and usage decide; thus ‘á bók’ merely denotes the letters, the penmanship, ‘í’ the contents of a book; mod. usage, however, prefers ‘í,’ lesa í bók, but stafr á bók. Old writers on the other hand; á bókum Enskum, in English books, Landn. 24, but í Aldafars bók, 23 (in the book De Mensurâ Temporum, by Bede), cp. Grág. i. 76, where á is a false reading instead of at; á bréfi, the contents of a letter: of clothing or arms, mítr á höfði, sverð á hlið, mitre on head, sword on side, Fms. i. 266, viii. 404; hafa lykil á sér, on one’s person, 655 xxvii. 22; möttull á tyglum, a mantle hanging on (i. e. fastened by) laces, Fms. vii. 201: á þingi means to be present at a meeting; í þingi, to abide within a jurisdiction; á himni, á jörðu, on (Engl. in) heaven and earth, e. g. in the Lord’s Prayer, but í helviti, in hell; á Gimli, Edda (of a heavenly abode); á báti, á skipi denote crew and cargo, ‘í’ the timber or materials of which a ship is built, Eg. 385; vera í stafni á skipi, 177: á skógi, to be abroad in a wood (of a hunter, robber, deer); but to be situated (a house), at work (to fell timber), í skógi, 573, Fs. 5, Fms. iii. 122, viii. 31, xi. 1, Glúm. 330, Landn. 173; á mörkinni, Fms. i. 8, but í mörk, of a farm; á firðinum means lying in a firth, of ships or islands (on the surface of the water), þær eyjar liggja á Breiðafirði, Ld. 36; but í firði, living in a district named Firth; á landi, Nj. 98, Fms. xi. 386.
    II. á is commonly used in connection with the pr. names or countries terminating in ‘land,’ Engl. in, á Englandi, Írlandi, Skotlandi, Bretlandi, Saxlandi, Vindlandi, Vínlandi, Grænalandi, Íslandi, Hálogalandi, Rogalandi, Jótlandi, Frakklandi, Hjaltlandi, Jamtalandi, Hvítramannalandi, Norðrlöndum, etc., vide Landn. and the index to Fms. xii. In old writers í is here very rare, in modern authors more frequent; taste and the context in many instances decide. An Icelander would now say, speaking of the queen or king, ‘á Englandi,’ ruling over, but to live ‘í Englandi,’ or ‘á Englandi;’ the rule in the last case not being quite fixed.
    2. in connection with other names of countries: á Mæri, Vörs, Ögðum, Fjölum, all districts of Norway, v. Landn.; á Mýrum (in Icel.), á Finnmörk, Landn., á Fjóni (a Danish island); but í Danmörk, Svíþjóð (á Svíþjóðu is poët., Gs. 13).
    3. before Icel. farms denoting open and elevated slopes and spaces (not too high, because then ‘at’ must be used), such as ‘staðr, völlr, ból, hjalli, bakki, heimr, eyri,’ etc.; á Veggjum, Landn. 69; á Hólmlátri, id.: those ending in ‘-staðr,’ á Geirmundarstöðum, Þórisstöðum, Jarðlangsstöðum…, Landn.: ‘-völlr,’ á Möðruvöllum: á Fitjum (the farm) í Storð (the island), í Fenhring (the island) á Aski (the farm), Landn., Eg.: ‘-nes’ sometimes takes á, sometimes í (in mod. usage always ‘í’), á Nesi, Eb. 14, or í Krossnesi, 30; in the last case the notion of island, νησος, prevails: so also, ‘fjörðr,’ as, þeir börðust á Vigrafirði (of a fight o n the ice), Landn. 101, but orusta í Hafrsfirði, 122: with ‘-bær,’ á is used in the sense of a farm or estate, hón sa á e-m bæ mikit hús ok fagrt, Edda 22; ‘í bæ’ means within doors, of the buildings: with ‘Bær’ as pr. name Landn. uses ‘í,’ 71, 160, 257, 309, 332.
    4. denoting on or just above; of the sun, when the time is fixed by regarding the sun in connection with points in the horizon, a standing phrase in Icel.; sól á gjáhamri, when the sun is on the crag of the Rift, Grág. i. 26, cp. Glúm. 387; so, brú á á, a bridge on a river, Fms. viii. 179, Hrafn. 20; taka hús á e-m, to surprise one, to take the house over his head, Fms. i. 11.
    III. á is sometimes used in old writers where we should now expect an acc., esp. in the phrase, leggja sverði (or the like) á e-m, or á e-m miðjum, to stab, Eg. 216, Gísl. 106, Band. 14; þá stakk Starkaðr sprotanum á konungi, then Starkad stabbed the king with the wand, Fas. iii. 34; bíta á kampi (vör), to bite the lips, as a token of pain or emotion, Nj. 209, 68; taka á e-u, to touch a thing, lay hold of it, v. taka; fá á e-u, id. (poët.); leggja hendr á (better at) síðum, in wrestling, Fms. x. 331; koma á úvart á e-m, to come on one unawares, ix. 407 (rare).
    B. TEMP. of a particular point or period of time, at, on, in:
    I. gener. denoting during, in the course of; á nótt, degi, nætrþeli …, Bs. i. 139; or spec. adding a pron. or an adject., á næsta sumri, the next summer; á því ári, þingi, misseri, hausti, vári, sumri …, during, in that year …, Bs. i. 679, etc.; á þrem sumrum, in the course of three summers, Grág. i. 218; á þrem várum, Fms. ii. 114; á hálfs mánaðar fresti, within half a month’s delay, Nj. 99; á tvítugs, sextugs … aldri, á barns, gamals aldri, etc., at the age of …, v. aldr: á dögum e-s, in the days of, in his reign or time, Landn. 24, Hrafn. 3, Fms. ix. 229.
    II. used of a fixed recurrent period or season; á várum, sumrum, haustum, vetrum, á kveldum, every spring, summer …, in the evenings, Eg. 711, Fms. i. 23, 25, vi. 394, Landn. 292: with the numeral adverbs, cp. Lat. ter in anno, um sinn á mánuði, ári, once a month, once a year, where the Engl. a is not the article but the preposition, Grág. i. 89.
    III. of duration; á degi, during a whole day, Fms. v. 48; á sjau nóttum, Bárð. 166; á því meli, during that time, in the meantime, Grág. i. 259.
    IV. connected with the seasons (á vetri, sumri, vári, hausti), ‘á’ denotes the next preceding season, the last winter, summer, autumn, Eb. 40, 238, Ld. 206: in such instances ‘á’ denotes the past, ‘at’ the future, ‘í’ the present; thus í vetri in old writers means this winter; á vetri, last winter; at vetri, next winter, Eb. 68 (in a verse), etc.
    C. In various other relations, more or less metaphorically, on, upon, in, to, with, towards, against:
    I. denoting object, in respect of, against, almost periphrastically; dvelja á náðum e-s, under one’s protection, Fms. i. 74; hafa metnað á e-u, to be proud of, to take pride in a thing, 127.
    2. denoting a personal relation, in; bæta e-t á e-m, to make amends, i. e. to one personally; misgöra e-t á e-m, to inflict wrong on one; hafa elsku (hatr) á e-m, to bear love ( hatred) to one, Fms. ix. 242; hefna sín á e-m, to take revenge on one’s person, on anyone; rjúfa sætt á e-m, to break truce on the person of any one, to offend against his person, Nj. 103; hafa sár á sér, 101; sjá á e-m, to read on or in one’s face; sér hann á hverjum manni hvárt til þín er vel eðr illa, 106; var þat brátt auðséð á hennar högum, at …, it could soon be seen in all her doings, that …, Ld. 22.
    3. also generally to shew signs of a thing; sýna fáleika á sér, to shew marks of displeasure, Nj. 14, Fs. 14; taka vel, illa, lítt, á e-u, to take a thing well, ill, or indifferently, id.; finna á sér, to feel in oneself; fann lítt á honum, hvárt …, it could hardly be seen in his face, whether …, Eb. 42; líkindi eru á, it is likely, Ld. 172; göra kost á e-u, to give a choice, chance of it, 178; eiga vald á e-u, to have power over …, Nj. 10.
    II. denoting encumbrance, duty, liability; er fimtardómsmál á þeim, to be subject to …, Nj. 231; the phrase, hafa e-t á hendi, or vera á hendi e-m, on one’s hands, of work or duty to be done; eindagi á fé, term, pay day, Grág. i. 140; ómagi (skylda, afvinna) á fé, of a burden or encumbrance, D. I. and Grág. in several passages.
    III. with a personal pronoun, sér, mér, honum …, denoting personal appearance, temper, character, look, or the like; vera þungr, léttr … á sér, to be heavy or light, either bodily or mentally; þungr á sér, corpulent, Sturl. i. 112; kátr ok léttr á sér, of a gay and light temper, Fms. x. 152; þat bragð hafði hann á sér, he looked as if, … the expression of his face was as though …, Ld., cp. the mod. phrase, hafa á sér svip, bragð, æði, sið, of one’s manner or personal appearance, to bear oneself as, or the like; skjótr (seinn) á fæti, speedy ( slow) of foot, Nj. 258.
    IV. as a periphrasis of the possessive pronoun connected with the limbs or parts of the body. In common Icel. such phrases as my hands, eyes, head … are hardly ever used, but höfuð, eyru, hár, nef, munnr, hendr, fætr … á mér; so ‘í’ is used of the internal parts, e. g. hjarta, bein … í mér; the eyes are regarded as inside the body, augun í honum: also without the possessive pronoun, or as a periphrasis for a genitive, brjóstið á e-m, one’s breast, Nj. 95, Edda 15; súrnar í augum, it smarts in my eyes, my eyes smart, Nj. 202; kviðinn á sér, its belly, 655 xxx. 5, Fms. vi. 350; hendr á henni, her hands, Gísl. (in a verse); í vörunum á honum, on his lips, Band. 14; ristin á honum, his step, Fms. viii. 141; harðr í tungu, sharp of tongue, Hallfred (Fs. 114); kalt (heitt) á fingrum, höndum, fótum …, cold ( warm) in the fingers, hands, feet …, i. e. with cold fingers, etc.; cp. also the phrase, verða vísa (orð) á munni, of extemporising verses or speeches, freq. in the Sagas; fastr á fótum, fast by the leg, of a bondsman, Nj. 27: of the whole body, díla fundu þeir á honum, 209. The pers. pron. is used only in solemn style (poetry, hymns, the Bible), and perhaps only when influenced by foreign languages, e. g. mitt hjarta hví svo hryggist þú, as a translation of ‘warumb betrübst du dich mein Herz?’ the famous hymn by Hans Sachs; instead of the popular hjartað í mér, Sl. 43, 44: hjartað mitt is only used as a term of endearment, as by a husband to his wife, parents to their child, or the like, in a metaphorical sense; the heart proper is ‘í mér,’ not ‘mitt.’
    2. of other things, and as a periphrasis of a genitive, of a part belonging to the whole, e. g. dyrr á husi = húsdyrr, at the house-doors; turn á kirkju = kirkju turn; stafn, skutr, segl, árar … á skipi, the stem, stern, sail … of a ship, Fms. ix. 135; blöð á lauk, á tré …, leaves of a leek, of a tree …, Fas. i. 469; egg á sverði = sverðs egg; stafr á bók; kjölr á bók, and in endless other instances.
    V. denoting instrumentality, by, on, or a-, by means of; afla fjár á hólmgöngum, to make money a-duelling, by means of duels, Eg. 498; á verkum sínum, to subsist on one’s own work, Njarð. 366: as a law term, sekjast á e-ju, to be convicted upon …, Grág. i. 123; sekst maðr þar á sínu eigini ( a man is guilty in re sua), ef hann tekr af þeim manni er heimild ( possessio) hefir til, ii. 191; falla á verkum sínum, to be killed flagranti delicto, v. above; fella e-n á bragði, by a sleight in wrestling; komast undan á flótta, to escape by flight, Eg. 11; á hlaupi, by one’s feet, by speed, Hkr. ii. 168; lifa á e-u, to feed on; bergja á e-u, to taste of a thing; svala sér á e-u, to quench the thirst on.
    VI. with subst. numerals; á þriðja tigi manna, up to thirty, i. e. from about twenty to thirty, Ld. 194; á öðru hundraði skipa, from one to two hundred sail strong, Fms. x. 126; á níunda tigi, between eighty and ninety years of age, Eg. 764, v. above: used as prep., á hendi, on one’s hand, i. e. bound to do it, v. hönd.
    VII. in more or less adverbial phrases it may often be translated in Engl. by a participle and a- prefixed; á lopti, aloft; á floti, afloat; á lífi, alive; á verðgangi, a-begging; á brautu, away; á baki, a-back, behind, past; á milli, a-tween; á laun, alone, secretly; á launungu, id.; á móti, against; á enda, at an end, gone; á huldu, hidden; fara á hæli, to go a-heel, i. e. backwards, Fms. vii. 70;—but in many cases these phrases are transl. by the Engl. partic. with a, which is then perh. a mere prefix, not a prep., á flugi, a-flying in the air, Nj. 79; vera á gangi, a-going; á ferli, to be about; á leiki, a-playing, Fms. i. 78; á sundi, a-swimming, ii. 27; á verði, a-watching, x. 201; á hrakningi, a-wandering; á reiki, a-wavering; á skjálfi, a-shivering; á-hleri, a-listening; á tali, a-talking, Ísl. ii. 200; á hlaupi, a-running, Hkr. ii. 268; á verki, a-working; á veiðum, a-hunting; á fiski, a-fishing; á beit, grazing: and as a law term it even means in flagranti, N. G. L. i. 348.
    VIII. used absolutely without a case in reference to the air or the weather, where ‘á’ is almost redundant; þoka var á mikil, a thick fog came on, Nj. 267; niðamyrkr var á, pitch darkness came on, Eg. 210; allhvast á norðan, a very strong breeze from the north, Fms. ix. 20; þá var á norðrænt, a north wind came on, 42, Ld. 56; hvaðan sem á er, from whatever point the wind is; var á hríð veðrs, a snow storm came on, Nj. 282; görði á regn, rain came on, Fms. vi. 394, xi. 35, Ld. 156.
    WITH ACC.
    A. Loc.
    I. denoting simple direction towards, esp. connected with verbs of motion, going, or the like; hann gékk á bergsnös, Eg. 389; á hamar, Fas. ii. 517.
    2. in phrases denoting direction; liggja á útborða, lying on the outside of the ship, Eg. 354; á annat borð skipinu, Fms. vii. 260; á bæði borð, on both sides of the ship, Nj. 124, Ld. 56; á tvær hliðar, on both sides, Fms. v. 73. Ísl. ii. 159; á hlið, sidewards; út á hlið, Nj. 262, Edda 44; á aðra hönd henni, Nj. 50, Ld. 46; höggva á tvær hendr, to hew or strike right and left, Ísl. ii. 368, Fas. i. 384, Fms. viii. 363, x. 383.
    3. upp á, upon; hann tók augu Þjaza ok kastaði upp á himin, Edda 47: with verbs denoting to look, see, horfa, sjá, líta, etc.; hann rak skygnur á land, he cast glances towards the land, Ld. 154.
    II. denoting direction with or without the idea of arriving:
    1. with verbs denoting to aim at; of a blow or thrust, stefna á fótinn, Nj. 84; spjótið stefnir á hann miðjan, 205: of the wind, gékk veðrit á vestr, the wind veered to west, Fms. ix. 28; sigla á haf, to stand out to sea, Hkr. i. 146, Fms. i. 39: with ‘út’ added, Eg. 390, Fms. x. 349.
    2. conveying the notion of arriving, or the intervening space being traversed; spjótið kom á miðjan skjöldinn, Eg. 379, Nj. 96, 97; langt upp á land, far up inland, Hkr. i. 146: to reach, taka ofan á belti, of the long locks of a woman, to reach down to the belt, Nj. 2; ofan á bringu, 48; á þa ofan, 91.
    III. without reference to the space traversed, connected with verbs denoting to go, turn, come, ride, sail, throw, or the like, motion of every kind; hann kastar honum á völlinn, he flings him down, Nj. 91; hlaupa á skip sitt, to leap on board his ship, 43; á hest, to mount quickly, Edda 75; á lend hestinum, Nj. 91; hann gengr á sáðland sitt, he walks on to his fields, 82: on, upon, komast á fætr, to get upon one’s legs, 92; ganga á land, to go a-shore, Fms. i. 40; ganga á þing, vii. 242, Grág. (often); á skóg, á merkr ok skóga, into a wood, Fb. i. 134, 257, Fms. xi. 118, Eg. 577, Nj. 130; fara á Finnmörk, to go travelling in Finmark, Fms. i. 8; koma, fara á bæ, to arrive at the farm-house; koma á veginn, Eg. 578; stíga á bát, skip, to go on board, 158; hann gékk upp á borg, he went up to the burg (castle), 717; en er þeir komu á loptriðið, 236; hrinda skipum á vatn, to float the ships down into the water, Fms. i. 58; reka austr á haf, to drift eastwards on the sea, x. 145; ríða ofan á, to ride down or over, Nj. 82.
    IV. in some cases the acc. is used where the dat. would be used, esp. with verbs denoting to see or hear, in such phrases as, þeir sá boða mikinn inn á fjörðinn, they saw great breakers away up in the bight of the firth, the acc. being due perhaps to a motion or direction of the eye or ear towards the object, Nj. 124; sá þeir fólkit á land, they saw the people in the direction of land, Fas. ii. 517: in phrases denoting to be placed, to sit, to be seated, the seat or bench is freq. in the acc. where the dat. would now be used; konungr var þar á land upp, the king was then up the country, the spectator or narrator is conceived as looking from the shore or sea-side, Nj. 46; sitja á miðjan bekk, to be seated on the middle bench, 50; skyldi konungs sæti vera á þann bekk … annat öndvegi var á hinn úæðra pall; hann setti konungs hásæti á miðjan þverpall, Fms. vi. 439, 440, cp. Fagrsk. l. c., Sturl. iii. 182; eru víða fjallbygðir upp á mörkina, in the mark or forest, Eg. 58; var þar mörk mikil á land upp, 229; mannsafnaðr er á land upp (viewed from the sea), Ld. 76; stóll var settr á mótið, Fas. i. 58; beiða fars á skip, to beg a passage, Grág. i. 90.
    V. denoting parts of the body; bíta e-n á barka, to bite one in the throat, Ísl. ii. 447; skera á háls, to cut the throat of any one, Nj. 156; brjóta e-n á háls, to break any one’s neck; brjóta e-n á bak, to break any one’s back, Fms. vii. 119; kalinn á kné, frozen to the knees with cold, Hm. 3.
    VI. denoting round; láta reipi á háls hesti, round his horse’s neck, 623. 33; leggja söðul á hest, Nj. 83; and ellipt., leggja á, to saddle; breiða feld á hofuð sér, to wrap a cloak over his head, 164; reyta á sik mosa, to gather moss to cover oneself with, 267; spenna hring á hönd, á fingr, Eg. 300.
    VII. denoting a burden; stela mat á tvá hesta, hey á fimtán hesta, i. e. a two, a fifteen horse load, Nj. 74: metaph., kjósa feigð á menn, to choose death upon them, i. e. doom them to death, Edda 22.
    B. TEMP.
    I. of a period of time, at, to; á morgun, to-morrow (í morgun now means the past morning, the morning of to-day), Ísl. ii. 333.
    II. if connected with the word day, ‘á’ is now used before a fixed or marked day, a day of the week, a feast day, or the like; á Laugardag, á Sunnudag …, on Saturday, Sunday, the Old Engl. a-Sunday, a-Monday, etc.; á Jóladaginn, Páskadaginn, on Yule and Easter-day; but in old writers more often used ellipt. Sunnudaginn, Jóladaginn …, by dropping the prep. ‘á,’ Fms. viii. 397, Grág. i. 18.
    III. connected with ‘dagr’ with the definite article suffixed, ‘á’ denotes a fixed, recurring period or season, in; á daginn, during the day-time, every day in turn, Grett. 91 A.
    IV. connected with ‘evening, morning, the seasons,’ with the article; á kveldit, every evening, Ld. 14; á sumarit, every summer, Vd. 128, where the new Ed. Fs. 51 reads sumrum; á haust, every autumn, Eg. 741 (perh. a misprint instead of á haustin or á haustum); á vetrinn, in the winter time, 710; á várit, every spring, Gþl. 347; the sing., however, is very rare in such cases, the old as well as mod. usage prefers the plur.; á nætrnar, by night, Nj. 210; á várin, Eg. 710; á sumrin, haustin, á morgnana, in the morning (á morgin, sing., means to-morrow); á kveldin, in the evening, only ‘dagr’ is used in sing., v. above (á daginn, not á dagana); but elliptically and by dropping the article, Icelanders say, kveld og morgna, nótt og dag, vetr sumar vor og haust, in the same sense as those above mentioned.
    V. denoting duration, the article is dropped in the negative phrase, aldri á sinn dag, never during one’s life; aldri á mína daga, never in my life, Bjarn. 8, where a possess. pron. is put between noun and prep., but this phrase is very rare. Such phrases as, á þann dag, that day, and á þenna dag, Stj. 12, 655 xxx. 2. 20, are unclassical.
    VI. á dag without article can only be used in a distributive sense, e. g. tvisvar á dag, twice a-day; this use is at present freq. in Icel., yet instances from old writers are not on record.
    VII. denoting a movement onward in time, such as, liðið á nótt, dag, kveld, morgun, sumar, vetr, vár, haust (or nóttina, daginn …), jól, páska, föstu, or the like, far on in the night, day …, Edda 33; er á leið vetrinn, when the winter was well on, as the winter wore on, Nj. 126; cp. áliðinn: also in the phrase, hniginn á inn efra aldr, well stricken in years, Ld. 68.
    C. Metaph. and in various relations:
    I. somewhat metaphorically, denoting an act only (not the place); fara á fund, á vit e-s, to call for one, Eg. 140; koma á ræðu við e-n, to come to a parley with, to speak, 173; ganga á tal, Nj. 103; skora á hólm, to challenge to a duel on an island; koma á grið, to enter into a service, to be domiciled, Grág. i. 151; fara á veiðar, to go a-hunting, Fms. i. 8.
    β. generally denoting on, upon, in, to; bjóða vöxtu á féit, to offer interest on the money, Grág. i. 198; ganga á berhögg, to come to blows, v. berhögg; fá á e-n, to make an impression upon one, Nj. 79; ganga á vápn e-s, to throw oneself on an enemy’s weapon, meet him face to face, Rd. 310; ganga á lagið, to press on up the spear-shaft after it has passed through one so as to get near one’s foe, i. e. to avail oneself of the last chance; bera fé á e-n, to bribe, Nj. 62; bera öl á e-n, to make drunk, Fas. i. 13; snúinn á e-t, inclined to, Fms. x. 142; sammælast á e-t, to agree upon, Nj. 86; sættast, verða sáttr á e-t, in the same sense, to come to an agreement, settlement, or atonement, 78, Edda 15, Eb. 288, Ld. 50, Fms. i. 279; ganga á mála, to serve for pay as a soldier, Nj. 121; ganga á vald e-s, to put oneself in his power, 267; ganga á sætt, to break an agreement; vega á veittar trygðir, to break truce, Grág. ii. 169.
    II. denoting in regard to, in respect to:
    1. of colour, complexion, the hue of the hair, or the like; hvítr, jarpr, dökkr … á hár, having white, brown, or dark … hair, Ísl. ii. 190, Nj. 39; svartr á brún ok brá, dark of brow and eyebrow; dökkr á hörund, id., etc.
    2. denoting skill, dexterity; hagr á tré, a good carpenter; hagr á járn, málm, smíðar …, an expert worker in iron, metals …, Eg. 4; fimr á boga, good at the bow: also used of mastership in science or arts, meistari á hörpuslátt, a master in striking the harp, Fas. iii. 220; fræðimaðr á kvæði, knowing many poems by heart, Fms. vi. 391; fræðimaðr á landnámssögur ok forna fræði, a learned scholar in histories and antiquities (of Are Frode), Ísl. ii. 189; mikill á íþrótt, skilful in an art, Edda (pref.) 148; but dat. in the phrase, kunna (vel) á skíðum, to be a cunning skater, Fms. i. 9, vii. 120.
    3. denoting dimensions; á hæð, lengd, breidd, dýpt …, in the heighth, length, breadth, depth …, Eg. 277; á hvern veg, on each side, Edda 41 (square miles); á annan veg, on the one side, Grág. i. 89.
    β. the phrase, á sik, in regard to oneself, vel (illa) á sik kominn, of a fine ( ugly) appearance, Ld. 100, Fas. iii. 74.
    III. denoting instrumentality; bjargast á sínar hendr, to live on the work of one’s own hands, (á sínar spýtur is a mod. phrase in the same sense); (vega) á skálir, pundara, to weigh in scales, Grág. ii. 370; at hann hefði tvá pundara, ok hefði á hinn meira keypt en á hinn minna selt, of a man using two scales, a big one for buying and a little one for selling, Sturl. i. 91; á sinn kostnað, at one’s own expense; nefna e-n á nafn, by name, Grág. i. 17, etc. The Icel. also say, spinna á rokk, snældu, to spin on or with a rock or distaff; mala á kvern, to grind in a ‘querne,’ where Edda 73 uses dat.; esp. of musical instruments, syngja, leika á hljóðfæri, hörpu, gígju …; in the old usage, leika hörpu …, Stj. 458.
    IV. denoting the manner or way of doing:
    1. á þessa lund, in this wise, Grág. ii. 22; á marga vega, á alla, ymsa vega, in many, all, respects, Fms. i. 114; á sitt hóf, in its turn, respectively, Ld. 136, where the context shews that the expression answers to the Lat. mutatis mutandis; á Þýðersku, after German fashion, Sks. 288.
    2. esp. of language; mæla, rita á e-a tungu, to speak, write in a tongue; á Írsku, in Irish, Ld. 76; Norrænu, in Norse, Eb. 330, Vm. 35; a Danska tungu, in Danish, i. e. Scandinavian, Norse, or Icelandic, Grág. i. 18; á Vára tungu, i. e. in Icelandic, 181; rita á Norræna tungu, to write in Norse, Hkr. (pref.), Bs. i. 59:—at present, dat. is sometimes used.
    3. in some phrases the acc. is used instead of the dat.; hann sýndi á sik mikit gaman, Fms. x. 329; hann lét ekki á sik finna, he shewed no sign of motion, Nj. 111; skaltú önga fáleika á þik gera (Cod. Kalf.), 14.
    V. used in a distributive sense; skal mörk kaupa gæzlu á kú, eðr oxa fim vetra gamlan, a mark for every cow, Grág. i. 147; alin á hvert hross, 442; á mann, per man (now freq.): cp. also á dag above, lit. B.
    VI. connected with nouns,
    1. prepositional; á hendr (with dat.), against; á hæla, at heel, close behind; á bak, at back, i. e. past, after; á vit (with gen.), towards.
    2. adverbially; á braut, away, abroad; á víxl, in turns; á mis, amiss; á víð ok dreif, a-wide and a-drift, i. e. dispersedly.
    3. used almost redundantly before the following prep.; á eptir, after, behind; á undan, in front of; á meðal, á milli, among; á mót, against; á við, about, alike; á frá (cp. Swed. ifrån), from (rare); á fyrir = fyrir, Haustl. 1; á hjá, beside (rare); á fram, a-head, forwards; á samt, together; ávalt = of allt, always: following a prep., upp á, upon; niðr á, down upon; ofan á, eptir á, post eventum, (temp.) á eptir is loc., id., etc.
    VII. connected with many transitive verbs, answering to the Lat. ad- or in-, in composition, in many cases periphrastically for an objective case. The prep. generally follows after the verb, instead of being prefixed to it as in Lat., and answers to the Engl. on, to; heita kalla, hrópa á, to call on; heyra, hlusta, hlyða á, to hearken to, listen to; hyggja, hugsa á, to think on; minna á, to remind; sjá, líta, horfa, stara, mæna, glápa, koma auga … á, to look on; girnast á, to wish for; trúa á, to believe on; skora á, to call on any one to come out, challenge; kæra á, to accuse; heilsa á, to greet; herja, ganga, ríða, hlaupa, ráða … á, to fall on, attack, cp. ágangr, áreið, áhlaup; ljúga á, to tell lies of, to slander; telja á, to carp at; ausa, tala, hella, kasta, verpa … á, to pour, throw on; ríða, bera, dreifa á, to sprinkle on; vanta, skorta á, to fall short of; ala á, to plead, beg; leggja á, to throw a spell on, lay a saddle on; hætta á, to venture on; gizka á, to guess at; kveða á, to fix on, etc.: in a reciprocal sense, haldast á, of mutual strife; sendast á, to exchange presents; skrifast á, to correspond (mod.); kallast á, to shout mutually; standast á, to coincide, so as to be just opposite one another, etc.
    2.
    f. [Lat. aqua; Goth. ahva; Hel. aha; A. S. eâ; O. H. G. aha, owa; cp. Germ. ach and aue; Fr. eau, eaux; Engl. Ax-, Ex-, etc., in names of places; Swed.-Dan. å; the Scandinavians absorb the hu, so that only a single vowel or diphthong remains of the whole word]:—a river. The old form in nom. dat. acc. sing. is , v. the introduction to A, page 1, Bs. i. 333 sq., where ́n, ́ (acc.), and ́na; so also Greg. 677; the old fragm. of Grág. ii. 222, 223, new Ed. In the Kb. of the Edda the old form occurs twice, viz. page 75, ́na (acc.), (but two lines below, ána), í ́nni (dat.) The old form also repeatedly occurs in the Kb. and Sb. of the Grág., e. g. ii. 266, 267: gen. sing. ár; nom. pl. ár, gen. á contracted, dat. ám, obsolete form ́m; Edda 43, Eg. 80, 99, 133, 185: proverbs, at ósi skal á stemma, answering to the Lat. principiis obsta, Edda 60; hér kemr á til sæfar, here the river runs into the sea, metaph. = this is the very end, seems to have been a favourite ending of old poems; it is recorded in the Húsdrápa and the Norðsetadrápa, v. Edda 96, Skálda 198; cp. the common saying, oil vötn renna til sævar, ‘all waters run into the sea.’ Rivers with glacier water are in Icel. called Hvítá, White river, or Jökulsá: Hitá, Hot river, from a hot spring, opp. to Kaldá, v. Landn.: others take a name from the fish in them, as Laxá, Lax or Salmon river (freq.); Örriða á, etc.: a tributary river is þverá, etc.: ár in the Njála often means the great rivers Ölfusá and Þjórsá in the south of Iceland. Áin helga, a river in Sweden, Hkr. ii: á is also suffixed to the names of foreign rivers, Tempsá = Thames; Dóná, Danube (Germ. Don-au), (mod.), etc. Vide Edda (Gl.) 116, 117, containing the names of over a hundred North-English and Scottish rivers.
    COMPDS: áráll, árbakki, árbrot, ardjúp, árfarvegr, árfors, árgljúfr, árhlutr, ármegin, árminni, ármót, áróss, árreki, árstraumr, árströnd, árvað, árvegr, árvöxtr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > Á

  • 13 bráð-sinnaðr

    adj. hot-tempered, Nj. (Lat. Vers.) 219, v. l. (mod. word.)

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > bráð-sinnaðr

  • 14 BRÓÐIR

    (gen., dat., and acc. bróður, pl. brœðr), m.
    2) friar.
    * * *
    gen. dat. acc. bróður; pl. nom. acc. bræðr, gen. bræðra, dat. bræðrum: in mod. common usage irregular forms occur, as gen. sing. bróðurs; nom. sing., and gen. dat. acc. are also sometimes confounded, esp. in keeping the nom. form bróðir through all cases, or even the reverse (but rarely) in taking bróður as a nom.; another irregularity is acc. pl. with the article, bræður-nar instead of bræður-na, which latter form only survives in writing, the former in speaking. There is besides an obsolete poetical monosyllabic form brœðr, in nom. dat. acc. sing. and nom. acc. pl.; gen. sing. bræðrs; cp. such rhymes as brœðr—œðri, in a verse of Einar Skúlason (died about 1170); bræðr (dat.) Sinfjötla, Hkv. 2. 8, as nom. sing., Fagrsk. 54, v. l. (in a verse), etc., cp. Lex. Poët. This form is very rare in prose, vide however Nj., Lat. Vers. Johnsonius, 204, 333, v. 1., and a few times in Stj., e. g. síns bræðr, sinn bræðr, 160; it seems to be a Norse form, but occurs now and then in Icel. poetry even of the 15th century, e. g. bræðr nom. sing. rhymes with ræðr, Skáld H. 3. 11, G. H. M. ii. 482, but is quite strange to the spoken language: [Gr. φράτηρ; Lat. frāter; Goth. brôþar; A. S. brôðar; Engl. brother; Germ. bruder; Swed.-Dan. broder, pl. brödre]:—a brother: proverbs referring to this word—saman er bræðra eign bezt at sjá, Gísl. 17; einginn or annars bróðir í leik; móður-bræðrum verða menn líkastir, Bs. i. 134: a distinction is made between b. samfeðri or sammæðri, a brother having the same father or mother, Grág. i. 170 sqq.: in mod. usage more usual al-bróðir, brother on both sides; hálf-bróðir, a half-brother; b. skilgetinn, frater germanus móður-bróðir, a mother’s brother; föður-bróðir, a father’s brother, uncle; afa-bróðir, a grand-uncle on the father’s side; ömmu bróðir, a grand-uncle on the mother’s side; tengda-bróðir, a brother-in-law: in familiar talk an uncle is called ‘brother,’ and an aunt ‘sister.’ The ties of brotherhood were most sacred with the old Scandinavians; a brotherless man was a sort of orphan, cp. the proverb, berr er hverr á baki nema sér bróður eigi; to revenge a brother’s slaughter was a sacred duty; nú tóku þeir þetta fastmælum, at hvárr þeirra skal hefna annars eðr eptir mæla, svá sem þeir sé sambornir bræðr, Bjarn. 58: the word bróðurbani signifies a deadly foe, with whom there can be no truce, Hm. 88, Sdm. 35, Skm. 16, Hdl. 28; instances from the Sagas, Dropl. S. (in fine), Heiðarv. S. ch. 22 sqq., Grett. S. ch. 50. 92 sqq., E ch. 23, Ld. ch. 53 sqq., etc. The same feeling extended to foster-brotherhood, after the rite of blending blood has been performed; see the graphical descriptions in Fbr. S. (the latter part of the Saga), Gísl. ch. 14 sqq., etc. The universal peace of Fróði in the mythical age is thus described, that ‘no one will draw the sword even if he finds his brother’s slayer bound,’ Gs. verse 6; of the slaughter preceding and foreboding the Ragnarök ( the end of the world) it is said, that brothers will fight and put one another to death, Vsp. 46.
    II. metaph.:
    1. in a heathen sense; fóst-bróðir, foster-brother, q. v.; eið-bróðir, svara-bróðir, ‘oath-brother;’ leik-bróðir, play-brother, play-fellow: concerning foster-brothership, v. esp. Gísl. ii, Fbr., Fas. iii. 375 sqq., Hervar. S., Nj. 39, Ls. 9, the phrase, blanda blóði saman.
    2. in a Christian sense, brother, brethren, N. T., H. E., Bs.
    β. a brother, friar; Svörtu-bræðr, Blackfriars; Berfættu-bræðr, q. v.; Kórs-bræðr, Fratres Canonici, Bs., etc.
    COMPDS:
    I. sing., bróður-arfr, m. a brother’s inheritance, Orkn. 96, Fms. ix. 444. bróður-bani, a, m. a brother’s bane, fratricide, Ld. 236, Fms. iii. 21, vide above. bróðiir-baugr, m. weregild due to the brother, N. G. L. i. 74. bróður-blóð, n. a brother’s blood, Stj. 42. Gen. iv. 10. bróður-bætr, f. pl. weregild for a brother, Lv. 89. bróður-dauði, a, m. a brother’s death, Gísl. 24. bróður-deild, f. = bróðurhluti, Fr. bróður-dóttir, f. a brother’s daughter, niece, Grág. i. 170, Nj. 177; bróðurdóttur son, a brother’s son, N. G. L. i. 76. bróður-dráp, n. the slaying of a brother, Stj. 43, Fms. v. 290. bróður-gildr, adj. equal in right (inheritance) to a brother, Fr. bróður-gjöld, n. pl. = bróður-bætr, Eg. 312. bróður-hefnd, f. revenge for the slaying of a brother, Sturl. ii. 68. bróður-hluti, a, m. the share (as to weregild or inheritance) of a brother, Grág. ii. 175. bróður-kona, u, f. a brother’s wife, K. Á. 142. bróöur-kván, f. id., N. G. L. i. 170. bróður-lóð, n. a brother’s share of inheritance. bróður-son, m. a brother’s son, nephew, Nj. 122, Grág. i. 171, Gþl. 239, 240; bróðursona-baugr, Grág. ii. 179.
    II. pl., bræðra-bani, v. bróðurbani, Fbr. 165. bræðra-búr, n. a friar’s bower in a monastery, Dipl. v. 18. bræðra-börn, n. pl. cousins (agnate), Gþl. 245. bræðra-dætr, f. pl. nieces(of brothers), Gþl. 246. bræðra-eign, f. property of brothers, Gísl. 17. bræðra-garðr, m. a ‘brothers-yard,’ monastery, D. N. bræðra-lag, n. fellowship of brethren, in heathen sense = fóstbræðralag, Hkr. iii. 300; of friars, H. E., D. I.; brotherhood, Pass. 9. 6. bræðra-mark, n. astron., the Gemini, Pr. 477. bræðra-skáli, a, m. an apartment for friars, Vm. 109. bræðra-skipti, n. division of inheritance among brothers, Hkr. iii. 52, Fas. i. 512. bræðra-synir, m. pl. cousins (of brothers), Gþl. 53.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BRÓÐIR

  • 15 DIKTA

    (að), v.
    1) to compose in Latin (dikta ok skrifa bréf á Látínu);
    2) to bring about, make;
    3) to invent, devise, think out (hann gerir á sömu leið sem fjandinn fyrir honum diktar).
    * * *
    að, [Lat. dictare], to compose in Latin; Gunnlaugr munkr er Látínu söguna diktað hefir, Bs. i. 215, 786; dikta ok skrifa bréf á Látínu; bréf skrifað ok diktað, 798; d. bækr, 79; d. vers, 655 xxxii. 17; d. röksemdir, Bs. i. 786: in old writers dikta is only used of Latin (not Icel.) compositions, but as these compositions were in an affected and artificial style, the word also got the sense of fiction, cp. Germ. dichten, dicbter = a poet, dichtung = poetry; mod. Dan. digter; Engl. ditty; in Icel. mostly with the notion of falsehood, not as in Germ. and mod. Dan. of fancy.
    2. to romance, lie; logit eðr diktað, Stj. 40; diktaðu þar andsvör þau er eigi vóru sönn, 248: menn hugðu þetta ráð diktað (feigned), Bs. i. 757; sem fjandinn hafði diktað, Mar. (Fr.); Dóra þú lézt dikta ljóð, dári þig sérhver maðr, Vídal. (a ditty).

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > DIKTA

  • 16 EYRENDI

    n.; see erendi.
    * * *
    or örendi, erendi, n. [A. S. ærend = mandatum; Engl. errand; Hel. arundi; O. H. G. arunti; Swed. ärende; Dan. œrende; akin to árr, a messenger, vide p. 45, and not, as some suggest, from ör-andi; the reference Edda l. c. is quite isolated; there is, however, some slight irregularity in the vowel]
    1. an errand, message, business, mission; eiga e. við e-n, to have business with one, Eg. 260; reka eyrendi, to do an errand, message (hence erind-reki), 15; þess eyrendis, to that errand or purpose, Stj. 115, 193; hann sendi menn sína með þessháttar erendum, Fms. i. 15; báru þeir fram sín erindi, 2, Íb. 11; hón svaraði þeirra erindum, Fms. i. 3; ok láti yðr fram koma sínu eyrendi, 127; koma brátt þessi örendi ( news) fyrir jarlinn, xi. 83; hann sagdi eyrendi sín þeim af hljóði, Nj. 5; mun annat vera erindit, 69; gagna at leita eðr annarra eyrenda, 235; tók Þorgils þeim eyrendum vel, Sturl. iii. 170; síns örendis, for one’s own purpose, Grág. i. 434; ek á leynt e. ( a secret errand) við þik, Fs. 9; erviði ok ekkí örendi, Þkv. (vide erfiði); hafa þeir hingat sótt skapnaðar-erindi, a suitable errand or end, Þiðr. 202; ef eyrindit evðisk, if my errand turns to naught, Bs. ii. 132; ek em ósæmiligr slíks erendis, unwortby of such an errand, Sturl. i. 45; þannog var þá mikit eyrendi margra manna, many people flocked to that place, Bs. i. 164.
    β. the phrase, ganga örna sinna, to go to do one’s business, cacare, Eb. 20, Landn. 98, Stj. 383 (where eyrna), Judges iii. 24, Bs. i. 189, Fs. 75 (spelt erinda); setjask niðr at eyrindi, id., Bs. ii. 24; stíga af baki örna sinna, Sturl. 172.
    2. a message, speech; talði hann mörg örendi með mikilli snild, Fms. x. 274; Snorri Goði stóð þá upp ok talaði langt eyrindi ok snjallt, then Snorri Godi stood up and made a long and fine speech (in parliament), Nj. 250; en er Sigurðr jarl hafði heyrt svá langt ok snjallt eyrendi, Orkn. 34; konungr talaði snjallt eyrindi yfir greptinum, of a funeral sermon, Fms. x. 151, v. l.; þá mælti Gizurr Hallsson langt erendi ok fagrt, Bs. i. 299; ok áðr hann væri smurðr mælti hann mjök langt örindi, 296; allir rómuðu þetta eyrendi vel, all cheered this speech, Sturl. ii. 217; talaði Hafliði langt e. um málit, i. 35; langt e. ok snjallt, id.; skaut konungr á eyrindi, the king made a speech, Fms. i. 215; en er þing var sett stóð Sigmundr upp ok skaut á löngu eyrendi, Fær. 140.
    3. a strophe in a secular poem, vers ( a verse) being used of a hymn or psalm; ok jók nokkurum erendum eðr vísum, Hkr. ii. 297; hversu mörg vísu-orð ( lines) standa í einu eyrendi, Edda (Ht.) 120; eptir þessi sögu orti Jórunn Skáldmær nokkur erendi í Sendibít, Hkr. i. 117; gef ek þér þat ráð at snúum sumum örendum ok fellum ór sum, O. H. L. 46; allt stafrofið er svo læst | í erindin þessi lítil tvö, a ditty.
    4. the breath; en er hann þraut eyrendit ok hann laut ór horninu, when the breath left him and he ‘louted’ from the drinking horn, removed his lips from the horn, of Thor’s draught by Útgarða-Loki, Edda 32.
    COMPDS: erindislauss, eyrindisleysa, eyrindislok.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > EYRENDI

  • 17 HVÍLA

    I)
    (-da, -dr), v.
    1) with acc. to rest;
    hvíla lið sitt, to let one’s troops rest;
    hvíla sik, to take rest (þeir hvíldu sik þar ok eyki sína);
    hvíldr, rested (þeir hafa mœdda hesta, en vér höfum alla hvílda);
    refl., hvílast = hvíla sík;
    2) to lie, rest, sleep in a bed (hvíla í rekkju sinni);
    hvíla hjá e-m, to sleep with one;
    3) to lie buried (til staðarins þar sem Ólafr hinn helgi hvílir).
    f. bed;
    ganga (fara) til hvílu, to go to bed.
    * * *
    1.
    d, to rest, esp. to rest, sleep in a bed; í hvíluna þar er hón hvíldi, Eg. 567; h. í rekkju sinni, Fb. ii. 195, Sturl. iii. 282, Fms. vii. 222; h. tveim megin brikar, Korm.; the old beds stood with the side to the wall, hence the phrase, hvíla við stokk, or þil, cp. Sturl. i. 207, 208; see also brík; h. í sama sæing konu, Grág. i. 329; h. hjá e-m, Hbl. 17.
    2. metaph. of the dead, to rest, sleep, Fms. vii. 240, N. G. L. i. 348, Sighvat, but only in a Christian sense, so that ‘hér hvílir’ (= Dan. her hviler) on Runic stones is a sure test of a Christian age.
    3. hvíla sik, to take rest, pause, Eg. 492, 586; h. lið sitt, to let one’s troops rest, Karl. 370.
    II. reflex., hvílask, to take rest, pause, 623. II, Vkv. 28, Nj. 132, Lv. 59, Fms. v. 64, vii. 193, Sks. 550: to pause, vil ek nú láta þá ræðu hvílask, Sks. 240; nú verðr þar at hvílask, Gísl. 18.
    2.
    u, f. [Ulf. hweila = ὤρα, χρόνος; A. S. hwîl; Engl. while; O. H. G. hwila; Germ. weile; Hel. hvîla; all of them in a temp. sense, = a while, an hour; whereas the Scandin. word has the notion of rest, making a distinction between hvíld in a general, and hvíla in a special sense; Dan. hvile; Swed. hvila]:—a bed, Sturl. i. 207, 208, iii. 282, Nj. 14, Eg. 567, Fms. xi. 290, Gísl. 16, Am. 9, Sól. 72; vers-hvíla, Grág. ii. 183, passim.
    COMPDS: hvíluábreiða, hvílubrögð, hvílufélagi, hvílugólf, hvíluhöll, hvíluklæði, hvíluneyti, hvílustofa, hvílustokkr, hvílutollr, hvíluváðir, hvíluþröng.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > HVÍLA

  • 18 klifa

    (að), v. to repeat, harp on the same thing (also, klifa á e-u);
    refl., klifast við e-n, to wrangle with one.
    * * *
    að, prop. to climb, but only used metaph.:—to repeat, to harp on the same thing; bað þá eigi klifa svá ey ok ey, Ísl. ii. 349; klifar þú nakkvat jafnan, mannfýla þín, Nj. 85; kerling klifaði allt sumarit um arfa-sátuna at inn skyldi bera, 194; vér kumpánar lærðum þik eitt vers, ok er þat nú þegar þér svá kært sem þú kunnir engan hlut annan, klifandi þat jafnan æ fram, Mar.; klifar sá margr kvæðin lin, Skáld H. 3. 2.
    2. reflex. to wrangle; töluðu menn at sjá maðr væri it mesta fífl, hversu heimsliga hann klifask við konung, Fb. iii. 381.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > klifa

  • 19 KOSTR

    (-ar, pl. -ir, acc. -i or -u), m.
    1) choice, alternative (hann sá engan sinn kost annan);
    mun ek engan kost á gøra, I will give no choice in the matter;
    2) choice, terms (hvern kost vili þér nú gøra Ingjaldi);
    hugsat hefi ek kostinn, I have thought over the terms;
    3) choice, chance, opportunity;
    kostr er e-s, there is a chance (þat er hverjum manni boðit at leita sér lífs, meðan kostr er);
    eiga e-s kost, to have a choice of (eiga slíkra manna kost);
    eiga alls kosti við e-n, to have one altogether in one’s power;
    4) match (Sigríðr hét dóttir hans ok þótti bezir kostr á Hálogalandi);
    hann spyrr, hverr eigi að ráða fyrir kosti hennar, who was to give her away;
    5) state, condition;
    sjá fyrir sínum kosti, to take care of oneself;
    síðan lét Símon varðveita kost hennar, look after her affairs;
    7) means, victuals, provisions (bauð hann Oddi alla kosti með sér);
    8) food (þat var siðr at fœra konum þeim kost, er á sæng hvíldu);
    9) board (þá bauð Ketill fé fyrir kost hennar);
    10) stores, goods (tvau skip hlaðin vænum kosti);
    11) good quality, good things;
    fær þú fátt af mér fríðra kosta, thou shalt get little good from me;
    12) virtue, opp. to löstr;
    13) adverb. usages:
    þat er til kostar, ef, it is well done, if;
    at þeim kosti, on that condition;
    at öðrum kosti, else, otherwise;
    at síðasta, efsta kosti, in the last instance, last emergency;
    alls kostar, quite, in every respect;
    eigi eins kostar, not very, not peculiarly;
    annars kostar, as for the rest;
    nökkurs kostar, in any wise;
    þess kostar, in this case, thus.
    * * *
    m., gen. kostar, pl. kostir, old acc. pl. kostu, which is used in old poets as Sighvat (Ó. H. 39), Arnór (Edda 50); but the usual form in the MSS. as well as in mod. usage is kosti; [Ulf. kustus = δοκιμή, 2 Cor. ii. 9, xiii. 3; Germ. and Dan. kost = fare, food]:—a choice, the fundamental notion being trial;
    I. condition, chance, but mostly with the notion of a hard choice; eru nú tveir kostir til, sá annarr, at …, hinn annarr, at …, Nj. 199; sá er hinn þriði kostr, Grág. ii. 83; munu þér hinn sama kost fyrir höndum eiga sem vær áttum, at verja fé yðvart ok frelsi … en at öðrum kosti, Eg. 8; hann sá engan sinn kost annan, en hann lét fallask þvers undan laginu, Nj. 246, Eg. 24; sám vér þann helzt várn kost at firrask fund hans, 70; nú má Flosi sjá sinn kost, hvárt hann vill sættask til þess at sumir sé utan sætta, Nj. 250; það er hverjum manni boðit, at leita sér lífs meðan kostr er, 202; einbeygðr kostr, the only choice left, Orkn. 58.
    2. choice, terms; hvern kost vili þér nú göra Ingjaldi? Nj. 3; ek göri þér skjótan kost, Dropl. 6; göra e-m tvá kosti, Ld. 212, Fs. 57; tók Kali þenna kost, Orkn. 214.
    3. a chance, opportunity, possibility; göra kost á e-u, Nj. 155, 271; mun ek öngan kost á göra, I will give no choice in the matter, i. e. will not do it, 149; kost muntú láta at etja, 90:—kostr er á, or gen. kostr e-s, a thing is possible, there is a chance, 254, 263; ef þess er k., Grág. ii. 56; Háreks var ekki við k., there was no question as to H., Ísl. ii. 315; þá er mín er eigi við kostr, when I am gone, Stj. 363:—eiga e-s kosti, to have a chance of, be able, allowed, Grág. i. 63, 468, Ld. 84, 160, 184, Nj. 57, 132, Eg. 16, 60, 531, Sks. 20 B.
    4. a match, of an unmarried woman; Sigríðr hét dóttir hans ok þótti beztr kostr á Hálogalandi, Eg. 25; hann átti dóttur eina er Unnr hét, hón var væn kona ok kurteis ok vel at sér, ok þótti sá beztr k. á Rangárvöllum, Nj. (begin.); Hallr kvað góðan kost í henni, H. said she was a good match, 180, Fs. 88, Stj. 187; engi kostr þótti þá þvílíkr sem Helga hin Fagra í öllum Borgarfirði, Ísl. ii. 206: giving a woman away, hann spyrr hverr ráða eigi fyrir kosti hennar, who was to give her away, Band. 9 new Ed.; mey til kosta, a maid to be married, Hm. 81, (MS. kossa), cp. liggja heima sem mær til kosta, Fas. iii. 409, (ráða-kostr, a match); kvennkostr (q. v.), góðr kvennkostr.
    5. choice, state, condition; þat mun mína kosti hér fram draga, at þú átt ekki vald á mér, Orkn. 120; kostum drepr kvenna karla ofríki, i. e. the tyranny of man crushes a woman’s right, Am. 69; drap þá brátt kosti, then the state grew worse, id.; sjá fyrir sínum kosti, to take care of oneself, Fms. x. 236; eigi mun honum þykkja batnað hafa várr kostr, Eg. 287; eigi treystusk menn at raska kosti þeirra, people dared not meddle with them, disturb them, Ld. 146; bændr vildu verja kost sinn, defend themselves, Fms. ix. 306; síðan lét Simon varðveita kost hennar, guard her affairs, vii. 233; þá heldr hann kosti sínum, then he holds his place, loses not his right, Grág. ii. 209; ú-kostir, afar-kostir, a hard, evil choice; ör-kostr, lack of choice, poverty.
    II. cost, expence; allan þann kost er hann hefir fyrir haft, Jb. 321; sá er vitna þarf skal standa þeim kost allan, 358; hver maðr er sik ok sín hjú heldr á sínum kosti, K. Á. 78; þat skip höfðu bæjar-menn látið göra af sínum kosti, Fms. ix. 270; hann hélt sik ríkmannlega at klæðum ok öllum kosti ( fare), ii. 278; hann lét alla sína félaga á sinn kost þann vetr, Gullþ. 9; hví hann var svá djarfr at taka slíka menn upp á kost hans, Landn. 149, v. l.; hann gaf sér mikinn kost til ( he took great pains), at koma þeim öllum í vingun við Guð, Hom. 108; þóat hann hefði mörgu sinni mikinn kost ( pains) til gefit, Al. 116; hann lézk þar vildu sína kosti til leggja ( do his best), at þeir Hákon deildi enga úhæfu, Fms. i. 22.
    III. means; er (þeir) synja ölmusu, er kosti höfðu til, Hom. 64; hafa meira kost, to be the strongest, Fb. ii. 361; eiga alls kosti við e-n, to have it all in one’s power, i. e. to be the strongest; Jökull gaf honum líf ok átti áðr alls kosti við hann, Fs. 10; eiga alla kosti, Fms. iv. 296, Stj. 481; Bessus er slíks átti kosti við hann er hann vildi gört hafa, Al. 101; eiga nokkurs góðs kosti, 96; hafa lítils kosti, to have small chance, be little worth, Mar.: means, provisions, meðan mér endask föng til, þótt ek véla um mína kosti, though I am left to my own supplies, Eg. 66; bauð hann Oddi alla kosti með sér, Fas. ii. 540; ef vér hittumk síðar svá at þeir hafi meiri kosli ( forces), Fms. v. 87; bændr efldu þá kost hans um búit, Sturl. iii. 196 C: stores, tvau skip hlaðin vænum kosti, Fms. xi. 436; hér sé ek beggja kost, I see here plenty of either, Sighvat; mungát né aðra kosti ( fare), setjask í kosti e-s, Fms. viii. 58; bændr uggðu at sezt mundi á kost þeirra, ok kurruðu ílla, Bs. i. 549: victuals, provisions, Germ. kost, selja silfr fyrir kost, Fas. i. 450; hveiti ok annarr kostr, Stj. 112; Kirkja á þetta í kosti, tvær vættir skreiðar, vætt smjörs, vætt kjöts, Pm. 34; tvau hundruð í haustlagi, tíu aura í kosti, Vm. 42: board, bóndi skal halda honum kost, Jb. 374; þá bauð Ketill fé fyrir kost hennar, Dropl. 4; til kostar ok klæða, fare and clothing, B. K. 108; at konungs kosti, at the king’s table, Bs. i. 782; far-k. (q. v.), a ship, vehicle; liðs-k., forces, troops.
    IV. cost, quality; af léttum kosti, Fms. x. 173; þat sax var afburðar-járn kosti, of fine steel, id.
    2. good things; friði fylgja allir kostir ok öll fríðindi, Clem. 29; kyn ok kostr ( quality), MS. 4. 9; fátt fríðra kosta, Hdl. 45: þeir kostir skulu ok fylgja, at þik skal aldri kala í skyrtunni, Fas. ii. 529, 531; þá ferr hann ór skyrtu sinni, ok hélt hón öllum kostum sínum, 539: fatness, Lat. ubertas glebae, jarðarinnar kost ok feitleik, Stj. 167; þar vóru allgóðir lands-kostir, Hkr. i. 55; er mér sagt gott frá landa-kostum, at þar gangi fé sjálfala á vetrum en fiskr í hverju vatni, Fs. 20, 25, Landn. 225, v. l.; af kostum skal þessu landi nafn gefa ok kalla Markland, Fb. i. 539.
    3. virtue; þeir stígask yfir af hermönnum Krists fyrir helga kosti, Hom. 27; Kristni þróask at mannfjölda ok kostum, MS. 677. 8; eigi er þat rúnanna kostr, … heldr er þat þinn kostr, Skálda 162, freq. in mod. usage.
    4. a good quality, virtue; segja kost ok löst, to tell fairly the good and bad of a thing; skalt þú segja kost ok löst á konunni, Nj. 23; hann sagði kost ok löst af landinu, Landn. 30; löstu ok kostu bera ljóða synir blandna brjóstum í, Hm. 134; ú-kostr, a fault, flaw; mann-kostir, virtues.
    5. spec. of a horse, plur. a fine pace; hestr óð kafs af kostum, Sighvat.
    V. spec. and adverb. usages; til kostar, well! all right! well done! er þat til kostar, ef eigi flýjum vér fyrir mönnunum, Fms. xi. 139; þat er til kostar, ef …, well done, if …, Hým. 33; er þat ok til kostar ( it is a comfort) at Höskuldi muni þá tveir hlutir ílla líka, Ld. 70: because, allra mest af þeim kosti, at …, Hom. 33: sagði Ósvífr at þeir mundi á kostum ( indeed) finna, at þau Guðrún vóru eigi jafnmenni, Ld. 122; þeim kosti, in that case, Grág. i. 40; engum kosti, by no means, MS. 4. 21; at þeim kosti, on that condition, Grág. ii. 239; at öðrum kosti, else, otherwise, Eg. 8, 749; at þriðja kosti, thirdly, 14, Grág. i. 395; at síðasta, efsta kosti, in the last instance, last emergency, Nj. 221; at fæsta kosti, at least, N. G. L. i. 61; at versta kosti, in the worst case, 101; at minnsta kosti, at least: gen., alls kostar, quite, in every respect, Sks. 674 B, passim; eigi eins kostar, not very, not peculiarly, Ísl. ii. 322; annars kostar, as for the rest, 108 B; nokkurs kostar, in any wise, Fms. xi. 79, Fb. i. 74; sums kostar, in some respect, Fas. ii. 547, v. 69, Hom. 89; þess kostar, in this case, thus, Fms. xi. 79, Rb. 36, Hom. (St.): acc., þá kostu, as adv., in such a manner, N. G. L. i. 327; fyrir hvern kost, by every means. ☞ Kostr, in sense I, is in old writers often omitted, and left to be supplied by the adjective or pronoun, e. g. þann (viz. kost) munu vér af taka, Ld. 188; at hann mundi verða þann upp at taka, Eg. 157, Nj. 222; er þá ok sá einn (viz. kostr) til, 227, Fms. vii. 265; er oss nú engi annarr til, Nj. 143, Eg. 405; er yðr engi annarr á görr en snúa aptr, Nj. 207; Hákon jarl er alltrauðr undir trúna at ganga, ok þykkir vera harðr (viz. kostr) á annat borð, Fms. xi. 39.
    COMPDS: kostarhald, kostarlauss, kostaboð, kostamikill, kostamunr, kostavandr, kostavanr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > KOSTR

  • 20 LÁTA

    * * *
    (að), v. impers., e-m latar, one becomes slow, slackens; élinu latar, the snow-storm abates.
    * * *
    pres. læt, læt’k, Edda (in a verse), pl. látum; pret. lét, 2nd pers. lézt (rhyming with h ristir in Edda in a verse); subj. léti; imperat. lát, láttú; part. látinn: middle forms, pres. látumk, Am. 89; pret. létumk, Hm. 106, Eb. (in a verse), Eg. 103 (in a verse): with neg. suff., pres. lækk-að ek, I let not, Ó. H. 171 (in a verse); pret. lét-a, Skv. 3. 42; imperat. lát-attu or lát-aþu, Sdm. 28, Líkn. 6: [Ulf. lêtan = ἀφιέναι; A. S. lætan; Old Engl. laten; Engl. let; O. H. G. lazan; Germ. lassen; Swed. låta; Dan. lade.]
    A. To let, put, place; bauð hann at láta þá í myrkva-stofu, MS. 623. 30; var Haraldr þar inn látinn ( shut in), Hkr. iii. 69; láta naut inn, to let ‘neat’ in a stall, let them in, Gísl. 20; láta út, to let out, Fms. vi. 215.
    II. to let, suffer, grant; vil ek þess biðja yðr, herra, at þér létið oss mörk yðra, Ld. 112; konungr let margar tóptir til garða þar á árbakkanum, Fms. ii. 27; láta laust, to let go, let loose, Nj. 70, Fms. i. 168; hann vildi eigi láta þenna hest, viii. 123; láta hlut sinn, to let go one’s share, be worsted, i. 74.
    2. to leave, forsake; biðr hann at þeir láti blótin, Fms. x. 274; láta fyrir róða, to throw to the winds, see róði, and láta fur lið; hann lét ok fur lið allan farangr sinn, Ísl. ii. 362; láta einan, to forfake a person; láttu mig, Drottinn, einan ekki, Pass.; hann ætlaði at láta eina ( to divorce) drottningina, Fms. vii. 171.
    3. to lose; ok létir þú hrossin eigi at síðr, Ld. 146; en ef þeir verða forflótta, þá munu þeir láta lið sitt, Eg. 284; fénu því sem hann hafði látið, Magn. 528; láta skal hann ok féit allt, Fms. vii. 24; at ek hafa fyrir því látið manndóm eða sannindi, ix. 333; láta leikinn, to lose the game, Edda 31; láta lífit, to lose one’s life, Eg. 14, Nj. 15, Fms. xi. 3.
    4. with dat. to suffer loss in or of a thing; lætr Álfr þar lífinu, suffered loss of his life, perished, Finnb. 256; hét ek því at láta heldr lífi mínu (líf mitt, v. l.), en ganga á þenna eiðstaf, Fms. viii. 155; gengu á jökla upp ok létu lífi er dagleið var til bygða, Bs. i. 408; fyrr skal ek mínu fjörvi láta, Skv. 3. 15; þú skalt láta mínu landi, 10: and in mod. usage, láta kálfi, to drop the calf; and láta fóstri, to miscarry.
    5. to let do or let be done; hann lét sveininum ekki í mein, he let nothing be done to the boy, indulged him in everything, Nj. 147; Dofri unni honum svá mikit at hann mátti ekki í móti honum láta, Fb. i. 566, cp. láta eptir, undan e-m, etc.
    6. vóru þá látnir fjötrar af Hallfreði, Fms. ii. 12; þá láta þeir þegar af sér tjöldin, Eg. 261; vil ek at þú látir lokur frá hurðum, Gísl. 28; láta barn af brjósti, to wean a child, N. G. L. i. 340; láta hest á stall, Karl. 5: láta í ljós, to make known, Sks. 195: láta blóð, to let blood (blóð-lát).
    III. with prepp.; láta af e-u, to leave off, desist from; sumir létu af blótum, Fms. i. 32; þú vill seint láta af mann-drápum, 274; Þorgeirr mun eigi fyrr af láta enn hann ræðr þér bana, Nj. 109; á enum næstum hálfum mánaði er fallsótt lætr af ( ceases), Grág. i. 458; láta af hendi, to let out of one’s hands, deliver up, Eg. 66, Nj. 186, Fms. vii. 173; láta fé af, to kill, slaughter (cattle), Grág. i. 429, K. Þ. K. 80, 92, Rb. 344:—láta aptr, to shut; kómu Austmenn í virkit, því at Austmenn höfðu eigi aptr látið, Landn. 162; láttu aptr dyrnar, shut the door:—láta at, to yield, comply; mun ek láta at yðr, I will comply with you, MS. 623. 24; alla þá er at mínum orðum láta, Eg. 18; hann (the ship) fór jafnan hallr ok lét eigi at stjórn, she heeled over and obeyed not the helm, Fms. iii. 13:—láta eptir e-m, to indulge; Þórðr lét þat eptir honum, Eg. 188; þær (the scales) sýndusk honum svá vægar, at ef eitt lítið hár væri lagt i, at þó mundu þær eptir láta, Sks. 643: absol., láta eptir, with acc. to leave behind, MS. 623. 36, Eg. 87, 220:—láta fram, láti mik fram at Kolskeggi, Nj. 97:—láta fyrir, to let go, give way, yield; ok sagt, at fyrir lét annarr fylkingar-armrinn, Fms. vi. 317; þeir munu verða fyrir at láta ef vér leggjum sköruliga at, vii. 257; hann lætr ekki fyrir járni né eldi, Kb. 544. 39, Gþl. 285:—láta í, to let go into; láta í ker, to pour into a vessel, fill it (í-lát), Konr.:—láta til, to yield; Einarr vildi með engu móti láta til við Harald konung, Fms. iii. 62; þar kemr enn þófinu at konungr lætr til, ok mælti svá, xi. 429; var þá Gunnarr við hana lengi fár, þar til er hón lét til við hann, Nj. 59:—láta undan, to yield to, give way; ek skal hvergi undan þér láta, 27:—láta upp, to open (opp. to láta aptr), Eg. 409, 602, Fms. ix. 26, 476; lætr Kjartan þenna upp, K. let him get up, Ld. 168: láta uppi, to lay out; ok lætr hann rétt skírn uppi, at hann láti at lögheimili sinu, K. Þ. K. 6; ok ertú saklauss, ef þú lætr uppi ( grants) vistina, Glúm. 327; ef féit er eigi uppi látið, Grág. i. 384; en ef hinn lætr honum eigi uppi mat þann, 47; látum nú þat uppi ( let us make a clean breast) er vér höfum jafnan mælt, Fms. ix. 333:—láta út, to let out, of a thing shut in; at hann mundi brjóta upp hurðina, ef hann væri eigi út látinn, vi. 215: naut. to let go, put to sea, síðan létu þeir út ok sigldu til Noregs, Nj. 128.
    IV. with infin. to let, cause, make; látið mik vita, let me know, Nj. 231; er ek lét drepa Þóri, Fms. v. 191; faðir Bjarnar, er Snorri Goði lét drepa, Landn. 93; Gunnarr mun af því láta vaxa úþokka við þik, Nj. 107; lét hón þar fjándskap í móti koma, Ld. 50; hann sá engan annan kost, en láta allt svá vera sem Björgólfr vildi, Eg. 24; ef bóndinn lætr hann á brott fara, Grág. i. 157; þá létu þeir stefna þing fjölmennt, Fms. i. 20; konungr lét græða menn sína, … en veita umbúð, Eg. 34; ok lét leiða hann á land upp ok festa þar upp, Nj. 9; þá skal hann stefna honum, ok láta honum varða útlegð, Grág. i. 47, 385; þá lét Þorbjörn vera kyrt ok fór leið sína, Háv. 46; láttú búnar þessar þegar er ek læt eptir koma, let them be ready when I call for them, id.; lát þér þat í hug koma! … láttú þér því þykkja minstan skaða um fjártjón, ok þú skalt láta þér í hug koma, at …, Sks. 446, and in numberless instances.
    2. with a reflex. infin. to let a thing be done or become, or referring to a person himself, to let oneself do, etc.; láttú nemask þat, learn that! mark that! Skv. 1. 23; er hón lét sveltask, Og. 17, Skv. 3. 27; skulu þér þá ekki eptir ganga, ok láta þá sjálfa á sjásk, Nj. 147; Egill mun ekki letjask láta nema þú sér eptir, Eg. 257; at frændr yðrir ok vinir láti mjök hallask eptir þínum fortölum, Fms. ii. 32; ef sá maðr lætr í dóm nefnask er nú var frá skiliðr, Grág. i. 16; ok hafi hinn fellda hana, ok látið á fallask, and let himself fall upon her, ii. 60; ok láti kaupask verk at, if he lets work be bought of him, i. e. works for wages, i. 468; hann lét fallask þvers undan laginu, Nj. 246; ef hón vill vígjask láta til nunnu, Grág. i. 307; láta sér fátt um e-t finnast, to disapprove, Fas. i. 51; áðr hann láti af berask, Fms. ii. 12.
    3. with part. pass., in circumlocutory phrases; hann lét verða farit, he went, Fagrsk. 120; létu þeir víða verða farit, they rowed much about, 185; liðit skal láta verða leitað bæjarins, Fms. viii. 374; lét konungr þá verða sagt, v. 201; hann lét hana verða tekna, he seized her, ‘let her be taken,’ Fas. ii. 153: ellipt., omitting the infin., láta um mælt, to let be said, to declare, Vígl. 76 new Ed.: rare in prose, but freq. in old poetry, ek lét harðan Hunding veginn, I sent H. to death, Hkv. 1. 10; láta soðinn, Gm. 18; gulli keypta léztú Gýmis dóttur, Ls. 42; láta trú boðna, Od. 9; lét of sóttan, Haustl.
    V. naut. to stand; lata út, lata í haf, to let go, put out to sea, Eg. 370; síðan létu þeir út ok sigldu til Noregs, Nj. 128; var honum sagt at þeir höfðu út látið, 134; hann bar á skip ok lét í haf, 282, Ld. 50; láta til lands, to stand towards land, to put in, Fms. i. 294; láta at landi, id., 228; vil ek ráða yðr, at þér látið í brott héðan, Eb. 330.
    B. Metaph. usages:
    1. to behave, comport oneself, by gestures, manners, or by the voice, answering to lát (III); forvitni er mér á hversu þeir láta, Glúm. 327; láta sem vitstoli, Stj. 475; hann bað menn eigi syrgja né láta öðrum herfiligum látum, Nj. 197; hann sofnaði fast, ok lét ílla í svefni, to be unruly in sleep, 94, 211; fámk vér eigi við skrafkarl þenna er svá lætr leiðinliga, Háv. 52; björn ferr at henni, ok lætr allblítt við hana, fondles her, Fas. i. 51; bæði er, at þú ert görfiligr maðr, enda lætr þú allstórliga, makest thyself big, Ld. 168; jarl lét sér fátt til hans, the earl treated him coldly, Fms. i. 58; lét hann sér fátt um finnask, vii. 29; láta hljótt yfir e-u, to keep silence about a thing, Nj. 232, Al. 15; láta kyrt um e-t, id.; láta mikit um sik, to pride oneself, puff oneself up, Grett. 108; Björgólfr kallaði annat sinn ok þriðja—þá svarar maðr, lát eigi svá ! lát eigi svá, maðr! segir hann, Fms. ix. 50.
    2. láta vel, ílla yfir e-u, to express approval, disapproval of a thing; mun ek segja þeim tíðendin ok láta ílla yfir verkinu, Nj. 170; Brynjólfr lét ílla yfir þessi ráða-görð, Eg. 24; Kveldúlfr lét vel yfir því, 115, Nj. 46; hann lætr vel yfir því, he expressed himself favourably about it, Ld. 50; ok létu menn hans vel yfir þessu, 168; lét hann vel yfir þeirra eyrendi, Fms. i. 16.
    3. to make as if; hann gengr leið sína, ok lætr sem hann sjái ekki sveinana, Háv. 52; mun ek nú taka í hönd þér ok láta sem ek festa mér Helgu dóttur þína, Ísl. ii. 206; Þjóstólfr gékk með öxi reidda ok lét þat engi sem vissi, Nj. 25; láttú sem hinn átti dagr Jóla sé á Drottins-degi, Rb. 128; ok mun ek láta sem ek taka af þeim, Nj. 170; en fólk þetta lét sem ekki væri jafnskylt sem Jóla-drykkjan þessi, Fms. vii. 274: the phrase, honum er ekki svo leitt sem hann lætr.
    4. to estimate, value; manngjöld skyldi jöfn látin ok spora-höggit, Nj. 88; hann vildi eigi heyra at nokkurr konungr væri honum jafn látinn á Norðrlöndum, Fms. v. 191; því at þeir þoldu þat eigi, at Finnbogi var framar látinn, Finnb. 290; fátt er betr látið en efni eru til, a saying, Band. 6 new Ed.; er nú er heilagr látinn, Clem. 49.
    5. to express, say; í fylki þat eða hérað, er sá lét sik ór vera, Gþl. 155; lætr þat ( he intimates) at sú gjöf var gör með ráði konungs, Eg. 35; Þorfinnr bóndi lét heimilt skyldu þat, 564; létu þeir ( they declared) nú sem fyrr, at hón festi sik sjálf, Nj. 49: to run so and so, of writs, books, skrá er svá lét, Dipl. ii. 19; máldaga svá látanda, Vm. 47.
    6. to emit a sound, scream, howl; hátt kveði þér, en þó lét hærra atgeirinn er Gunnarr gékk út, Nj. 83; sem kykvendi léti, Fms. vi. 202; óttask ekki hversu sem sjór lét, vii. 67; at veðrátta léti ílla um haustið, Ld. 50; hann heyrir ok þat er gras vex á jörðu ok allt þat er hærra lætr, Edda 17; ok einn tíma er prestr lýtr at honum, þá lætr í vörrunum—tvö hundruð í gili, tvau hundruð í gili, Band. 14; ok lét hátt í holsárum, sem náttúra er til sáranna, Fbr. 111 new Ed.
    C. Reflex.:
    I. to be lost, to die, perish; betra þykki mér at látask í þínu húsi, en skipta um lánar-drottna, Nj. 57; létusk ( fell) fjórtán menn, 98; kómusk fimm á skóginn en þrír létusk, Eg. 585; ok létzk hón þeirra síðast, Ld. 58; hversu mart hefir hér fyrir-manna látisk—Hér hefir látisk Njáll ok Bergþóra ok synir þeirra allir, Nj. 203.
    2. to declare of oneself, feign, etc.; lézk þar vilja sína kosti til leggja, Fms. i. 22; en allir létusk honum fylgja vilja, ix. 316; ek býð þangat þeim mönnum, er fé látask at honum hafa átt, Grág. i. 409.
    II. part. látinn, dead, deceased, Eg. 300, Nj. 112, Ld. 8, Fms. vii. 274.
    2. vel látinn, highly esteemed, in good repute, Ísl. ii. 122, Sks. 441; við látinn, on the alert, ready, Fms. viii. 371, ix. 459; það er svá við látið, it so happens, Fb. i. 204; vel fyrir látinn, well prepared, Grett. 110 A.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > LÁTA

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