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Толкование Перевод

81 expense

n

1) расход; трата

2) pl расходы, издержки, затраты

- absorbed expenses
- accommodation expenses
- accompanying expenses
- accrued expenses
- acquisition expenses
- actual expenses
- additional expenses
- administration expenses
- administrative expenses
- advertising expenses
- agreed expenses
- aggregate expenses
- amortization expenses
- annual expenses
- anticipated expenses
- arbitration expenses
- auditing expenses
- average expenses
- bad debt expenses
- bank expenses
- banking expenses
- bank operating expenses
- bloated expenses
- bloated operating expenses
- board expenses
- broker's expenses
- budget expenses
- budgetary expenses
- budgeted expenses
- building expenses
- business expenses
- business travel expenses
- cable expenses
- calculated expenses
- capitalized expenses
- carriage expenses
- cash expenses
- city's operating expenses
- clerical expenses
- collecting expenses
- collection expenses
- commercial expenses
- commission expenses
- compensation expenses
- computed expenses
- considerable expenses
- constant expenses
- contango expenses
- contract expenses
- contractual expenses
- controllable expenses
- current expenses
- current operating expenses
- customs expenses
- daily expenses
- dead expenses
- debt service expenses
- deductible expenses
- deferred expenses
- delivery expenses
- depreciation expenses
- direct expenses
- disbursement expenses
- discharging expenses
- discount expenses
- distribution expenses
- eligible expenses
- encashment expenses
- engineering expenses
- entertainment expenses
- equipment maintenance expenses
- establishment expenses
- estimated expenses
- everyday expenses
- exceptional expenses
- excess expenses
- executive expenses
- extra expenses
- extraordinary expenses
- extravagant expenses
- factory expenses
- federal expense
- fee and commission expenses
- financial expenses
- financing expenses
- fixed expenses
- flat expenses
- foreign exchange expenses
- formation expenses
- forwarding expenses
- freight expenses
- fringe benefit expenses
- funding expenses
- general expenses
- general and administrative expenses
- general average expenses
- general occuppancy expenses
- general operating expenses
- guardianship expenses
- harbour expenses
- hauling expenses
- heavy expenses
- high expenses
- hotel expenses
- identifiable additional expenses
- idle facility expenses
- idle plant expenses
- impairment-related expenses
- incidental expenses
- income expense on bonds
- income tax expense
- incurred expenses
- indirect expenses
- interest expenses
- initial expenses
- installation expenses
- insurance expenses
- interest expenses
- interest expense on current accounts in credit
- interest expense on debenture
- interest expense on demand deposits loans
- interest expenses on items with agreed maturity dates
- interest expense on special savings accounts
- itemized medical expenses
- job-hunting expenses
- job travel expenses
- lavish expenses
- law expenses
- legal expenses
- living expenses
- loading expenses
- lodging expenses
- mail expenses
- maintenance expenses
- management expenses
- manufacturing expenses
- marketing expenses
- material expenses
- maximum expenses
- medical expenses
- minimum expenses
- miscellaneous expenses
- monetary expenses
- monthly expenses
- mortgage expenses
- moving expenses
- necessary expenses
- noncash expenses
- noncontrollable expenses
- noninterest operating expenses
- nonoperating expenses
- nonproductive expenses
- nonrecurrent expenses
- nonrecurring expenses
- office expenses
- one-off expenses
- operating expenses
- operational expenses
- organizational expenses
- other expenses
- out-of-pocket expenses
- overall expenses
- overhead expenses
- overseas housing expenses
- packing expenses
- particular expenses
- payroll expenses
- per capita expenses
- period expenses
- permissible expenses
- personal expenses
- personal consumption expenses
- personnel expenses
- petty expenses
- planned expenses
- pocket expenses
- postage expenses
- postal expenses
- preliminary expenses
- prepaid expenses
- preparation expenses
- processing expenses
- production expenses
- promotion expenses
- promotional expenses
- protest expenses
- public expenses
- publicity expenses
- quality expenses
- reasonable expenses
- recovery expenses
- recurrent expenses
- recurring expenses
- reimbursable expenses
- reinvoiced expenses
- relocation expenses
- removal expenses
- removing expenses
- rent expense
- repair expenses
- representation expenses
- rework expenses
- running expenses
- running-in expenses
- sales promotion expense
- salvage expenses
- selling expenses
- selling, general and administrative expenses
- service expenses
- shipping expenses
- ship's expenses
- special expenses
- specific expenses
- standing expenses
- starting expenses
- start-up expense
- stationary expenses
- stevedoring expenses
- storage expenses
- subsistence expenses
- substituted expenses
- sundry expenses
- supplementary expenses
- tax expenses
- tax deductible interest expenses
- telephone expenses
- telex expenses
- testamentary expenses
- title expenses
- total expenses
- towage expenses
- trade expenses
- transfer expenses
- transhipment expenses
- transport expenses
- transportation expenses
- travel expenses
- travel and entertainment expenses
- travelling expenses
- trimming expenses
- uncontrollable expenses
- unforeseen expenses
- unit expenses
- unloading expenses
- unproductive expenses
- unreasonable expenses
- unreimbursed expenses
- unreimbursed job travel expenses
- unscheduled expenses
- unwarranted expenses
- upkeep expenses
- variable expenses
- wages expenses
- warehouse expenses
- warranty expenses
- wheeling expenses
- working expenses
- works general expenses
- expenses as percentage of sales
- expenses for the account of
- expenses for protesting a bill
- expenses in foreign exchange
- expenses of carriage
- expenses of the carrier
- expenses of circulation
- expenses of collection
- expenses of discharge
- expenses of haulage
- expenses of the insured
- expenses of the parties
- expenses of production
- expenses of protest
- expenses of reproduction
- expenses of shipping
- expenses of trackage
- expenses of transhipping
- expenses of transportation
- expenses on arbitration
- expenses on charter
- expenses on collection
- expenses on compensation for damage
- expenses on currency transactions
- expenses on customer transactions
- expenses on erection work
- expense on financing commitments
- expenses on guarantee commitments
- expenses on insurance
- expenses on materials
- expenses on off-balance-sheet transactions
- expenses on patenting procedure
- expenses on payment instruments
- expenses on repairs
- expenses on replacement
- expenses on scientific research
- expenses on security transactions
- expenses on selling
- expenses on selling effort
- expenses on setting-up
- expenses on storage
- expenses on technical service
- expenses on trading securities
- expenses on treasury operations and interbank transactions
- expenses per head of population
- at the expense of
- at great expense
- at the owner's expense and risk
- at the firm's expense
- less expenses
- minus expenses
- free of expenses
- free of all expenses
- expenses charged forward
- expenses connected with capital lease
- expenses connected with fund transfer
- expenses connected with obtaining credit
- expenses connected with the procedure in bankruptcy
- expenses deducted
- expenses incurred in searching for a job
- expenses prepaid
- expenses related to receivership
- absorb expenses
- account for the expenses
- advance expenses
- allocate expenses
- apportion expenses
- approve expenses
- assess expenses
- assume expenses
- authorize expenses
- avoid expenses
- avoid extra expenses
- bear expenses
- calculate expenses
- cause expenses
- charge expenses to the account of smb.
- compensate for expenses
- cover expenses
- curb expenses
- curtail expenses
- cut down expenses
- defray expenses
- determine expenses
- distribute expenses
- double expenses
- duplicate expenses
- entail expenses
- enter as expense
- estimate expenses
- experience extensive expenses
- go to expense
- halve expenses
- increase expenses
- incur expenses
- indemnify for expenses
- involve expenses
- itemize expenses
- limit expenses
- make expenses
- meet expenses
- offset expenses
- overestimate expenses
- participate in expenses
- pay expenses
- pile up expenses
- place expenses to smb.'s charge
- pool expenses
- prepay expenses
- put to expense
- put to great expense
- recognize expenses
- recompense expenses
- recover expenses
- reduce expenses
- refund the expenses
- reimburse smb. for expenses
- repay expenses
- run up expenses
- save expenses
- sequestrate expenses
- share expenses
- slash expenses
- spare no expense
- split expenses
- substantiate the expenses
- undertake expenses

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > expense
82 expense

1) расход, трата

2) pl расходы, издержки, затраты

•

- absorbed expenses

- accommodation expenses

- accompanying expenses

- accrued expenses

- actual expenses

- additional expenses

- administration expense s

- administrative expenses

- agreed expenses

- annual expenses

- anticipated expense

- arbitration expenses

- auditing expense

- average expenses

- budgeted expenses

- building expenses

- business travel expenses

- calculated expenses

- clerical expenses

- collecting expenses

- collection expenses

- considerable expenses

- constant expenses

- contract expenses

- contractual expenses

- controllable expenses

- current expenses

- current operating expenses

- customs expenses

- daily expenses

- deferred expenses

- delivery expenses

- depreciation expenses

- direct expenses

- discount expenses

- entertainment expenses

- equipment maintenance expenses

- estimated expenses

- exceptional expenses

- excess expenses

- executive expenses

- extra expenses

- extraordinary expenses

- extravagant expenses

- everyday expenses

- fixed expenses

- fringe benefit expenses

- general expenses

- guardianship expenses

- harbour expenses

- hauling expenses

- heavy expenses

- high expenses

- hotel expenses

- identifiable additional expenses

- idle plant expenses

- impairment-related expenses

- incidental expenses

- income tax expense

- incurred expenses

- indirect expenses

- initial expenses

- intangible drilling expenses

- interest expense

- itemized medical expenses

- job-hunting expenses

- lavish expense

- law expenses

- legal expenses

- living expenses

- loading expenses

- lodging expenses

- mail expenses

- maintenance expenses

- management expenses

- manufacturing expenses

- marketing expenses

- material expenses

- maximum expenses

- medical expenses

- minimum expenses

- miscellaneous expenses

- moving expenses

- noncontrollable expenses

- nondeductible expenses

- nonoperating expenses

- nonproductive expenses

- office expenses

- operating expenses

- organizational expenses

- out-of-pocket expenses

- overall expenses

- overhead expenses

- overseas housing expense

- payroll expense

- per capita expenses

- period expenses

- permissible expenses

- personal expenses

- personal consumption expenses

- petty expenses

- planned expenses

- pocket expenses

- postage expenses

- postal expenses

- preliminary expenses

- prepaid expenses

- protest expenses

- quality expenses

- reasonable expenses

- recurrent expenses

- recurring expenses

- reimbursable expenses

- relocation expenses

- removal expenses

- removing expenses

- rent expense

- representation expenses

- running expenses

- selling expenses

- specific expenses

- stationary expenses

- stevedoring expenses

- storage expenses

- subsistence expenses

- substituted expenses

- sundry expenses

- tax deductible interest expense

- telephone expenses

- telex expenses

- title expenses

- total expenses

- travel expenses

- travel and entertainment expenses

- travelling expenses

- uncontrollable expenses

- unforeseen expenses

- unproductive expenses

- unreasonable expenses

- unreimbursed expenses

- unreimbursed job travel expenses

- unscheduled expenses

- unwarranted expenses

- variable expenses

- warranty expenses

- expenses for the account of

- expenses for protesting a bill

- expenses incurred in searching for a job

- expenses of circulation

- expenses of collection

- expenses of the parties

- expenses on collection

- expenses per head of population

- absorb expenses

- account for the expenses

- advance expenses

- allocate expenses

- apportion expenses

- assess expenses

- assume expenses

- avoid extra expenses

- bear expenses

- calculate expenses

- cause expenses

- charge expenses to the account of

- compensate for expenses

- cover expenses

- curtail expenses

- cut down expenses

- defray expenses

- double expenses

- duplicate expenses

- entail expenses

- estimate expenses

- experience extensive expenses

- go to expense

- halve expenses

- increase expenses

- incur expenses

- indemnify for expenses

- involve expenses

- itemize expenses

- limit expenses

- meet expenses

- offset expenses

- participate in expenses

- pay expenses

- pile up expenses

- place expenses to charge

- pool expenses

- prepay expenses

- put to great expense

- recognize expenses

- recompense expenses

- recover expenses

- reduce expenses

- refund the expenses

- reimburse for expenses

- repay expenses

- save expenses

- share expenses

- spare no expense

- split expenses

- substantiate the expenses

- at the expense of

- at great expense

- less expenses

- minus expenses

- free of all expenses

- free of expenses

- expenses charged forward

- expenses deducted

- expenses prepaid

English-russian dctionary of diplomacy > expense
83 load

нагрузка; груз; загрузка; заряд; тяжесть; ноша; загруженность (количество работы); закладка (заготовки в станок); pl. гружёные вагонетки; II грузить; нагружать; загружать; закладывать (деталь в приспособление); заряжать

- load at failure
- load at first crack
- load capacity

- load cargo

- load carrier

- load-carrying ability
- load carrying capacity - load-carrying covering - load-carrying skin - load curve - load-deflection curve - load deflection of tyre - load-deformation curve
- load diagram

- load distance

- load distribution
- load diversity - load due to own weight - load due to snow - load due to wind - load extension curve
- load factor

- load in bulk
- load increment - load-inflation table - load limit
- load line

- load mixture adjustment
- load on axle - load out - load peak - load per unit - load per unit length - load rate - load-supporting ability of ground - load-strain diagram - load tension - load test - load testing of structures - load-time diagram - load to collapse - load-transfer device - load uniformly distributed over span - load-up - load-up condition - at no load - acting load - active load - actual load
- additional load

- admissible load

- allowable load

- allowable axle load

- allowable bearing load

- alternate load

- alternating load

- antisymmetrical loads
- apex load
- application of load

- applied load
- artificial load - assumed load - asymmetric load - attach a sling to the load
- axial load

- axle load

- balanced load

- balancing load

- basic load

- bearable load

- bearing load

- bending load

- between-centers load

- bracket load

- brake load

- breaking load

- buckling load

- bulk load
- bulky load - cable load - capacitive load - capacity load - carousel load - carry a load - centre-point load - centric load - centrifugal load
- changing load

- chip load

- clutch-clamping load

- collapse load

- column load

- combination of load

- combined load

- compression load

- compressive load
- cantilever load
- concentrated load

- concentrated moving load
- constant power load - constant torque load
- continuous load

- cooling load

- corner load

- cracking load

- crane load

- crippling load

- critical load

- crushing load

- cutter load

- cutting load

- dangerous load
- dead-line load
- dead load

- design load

- discontinuous load

- disposable load

- distribute load

- distributed load

- distribution of load

- draw-hook load
- drawbar load
- dynamic load

- dynamic tooth load
- dynamical load
- eccentric load

- edge load
- elastic-limit load - emergency load - endurance limit load - equalization of load at conveyer pulleys - equalization of load at hoisting drums - equivalent load
- Euler load

- Euler buckling load

- Euler's crippling load

- even load

- evenly-distributed load

- excess load

- excessive load

- external load
- extra load - fail under a load - fail under an impact load - failure load - fictitious load - filter load
- fixed load

- floor-stacked loads

- fluctuating load

- follower load

- fractional load

- friction load
- frictional load
- full load

- gradually applied load
- gravity load - gripper load
- gust load

- half load
- heaped load - heating load - heavy load - high friction load - high inertial load - hydrodynamic load - hydrostatic load - ice load
- impact load

- impulsive load

- indivisible load

- initial load

- inner ring load

- instantaneous load

- intermittent load

- irregularly distributed load
- lateral load
- light load

- light-weight load

- limit load

- limiting load

- line-distributed load

- linear load

- linearly varying load

- live load

- localized load
- locking load - machine load - maximum load - maximum useful load on table - midspan load - minimum load - miscellaneous load - mobile load - momentary load - most efficient load - movable load - moving load - multiaxial loads - near-ultimate load - net load - no-load - nominal load - non-central load - noncutting load - normal load - oblique load - off-center load - off-design load - operate at no-load - operating load - optimally load - optimum work load - oscillating load - out-of-balance load - outer load - outer ring load - overhauling load - overhung load - over-tolerance load - palletized work load - panel load - parabolic load - part load - pay load - paying load - peak load - permanent load - permanently acting load - permissible load - perpendicular load - pick-up load - piezoelectric load - point load - pollutant load - pollutional load - potential order load - predetermined maximum cutting load - pressure load - production load - proof load - proportional limit load - pulling load - pulsating load - punch load - quiescent load - racking load - radial load - rapidly moving load - rated load - rated load capacity - react a load - reactive load - release the load - repeated load - resist load - return load - reversal load - reversed load - rolling load - roof load - rotating inner ring load - rotating outer ring load - safe load - safe bearing load - service load - severe load - shear load - shear lock load - shearing load - shock load - side load - sightseers loading onto a bus - single load - snow load - specific tooth load - specified load - specified rated load - split load - stated load - static load - statical load - stationary load - steady load - steady-state load - steering axle load - stiffness test load - stylus load - sucker-rod load - sudden load - suddenly applied load - super-load - superimposed load - sustained load - surface load - symmetrical loads - take up the load - tangential load - target load - tensile load - tension load - terminal load - test load - test scale load - thrust load - tilting load - tooth load - torque load - torsional load - total load - towed load - traction load - tractional load - traffic load - transferred load - transient load - transmitted load - transport a load - transverse load - travelling load - trial load - ultimate load - unbalanced load - under load - uniform load - uniformly distributed load - unit load - unsafe load - useful load - variable load - varying load - vibrational load - vibratory load - waste load - water load - way-supported loads - weight load - wheel load - wide load - wind load - working load - zero load

Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > load
84 speed

скорость; быстрота; число оборотов; передача; II ускорять

- speed base

- speed box

- speed car

- speed change

- speed-change box

- speed-change gear

- speed-change lever

- speed-chord

- speed control

- speed control mechanism

- speed counter

- speed demon
- speed drop - speed factor - speed for flying mile - speed gauge - speed gear
- speed governor

- speed-increase gear
- speed-increaser
- speed indicator

- speed law
- speed lever - speed limit
- speed-limit device

- speed-limit signs
- speed merchant - speed of engine - speed of loading - speed of mainshaft - speed of propagation - speed of response - speed of rotation - speed of service - speed range - speed ratio - speed record - speed recorder - speed reducer - speed reduction gearing - speed regulation - speed sense
- speed-sensing device

- speed-sensitive switch
- speed shifting mechanism - speed slackening signal - speed synchronizer - speed-testing runway - speed-torque characteristic - speed transition ramps - speed-trap - speed trial - speed up - speed-up - speed variation - speed waggon
- accelerated speed

- access speed

- actual speed

- adjustable speed
- air speed - angular speed - approach speed
- average speed

- authorized speed

- average speed

- basic speed
- breakdown speed - burned speed
- circumferential speed

- climbing speed

- closing speed
- conveying speed - corrected speed - critical speed - cross speed
- cruising speed

- cutting speed

- damage speed
- datum speed - decreasing speed
- delivery speed

- design speed

- equilibrium speed

- final speed

- first speed

- free-running speed

- full speed

- given speed
- ground speed
- high speed

- idling speed

- increasing speed
- indicated speed
- initial speed

- instantaneous speed

- intermediate speed

- level speed
- lifting speed - light-line speed - linear speed
- link speed

- low speed

- maximum speed

- mean speed
- memory speed
- no-load speed

- normal speed

- operating speed
- over speed - overturning speed
- peripheral speed

- rated speed

- reduced speed
- reverse speed - rim speed
- rotational speed

- rotor speed

- runaway speed

- running speed

- service speed

- sliding speed
- spindle speed - synchronous speed - top speed - travel speed - travelling speed - traversing speed - trial speed - true speed - variable speed

Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > speed
85 blade

1) лезвие; режущая пластина; полотнище ( пилы)

blade becomes dull — лезвие тупится

to scarf the blade — отбивать лезвие

- axe blade

- furrowing blade

- reversible blade

2) бот. лист

3) лопасть; лопатка; планка

to twist the blade — закручивать лопасть

- agitator blade

- A-hoe blade

- cam blade

- compressor blade

- fixed blade

- gate blade

- impulse blade

- parallel blade

- radial blade

- raked blade

- reactive blade

- seed ejector blade

- shrouded blade

- spoon-shaped blade

- subsoiling blade

- tapered blade

- thinner blade

- variable-incidence blade

4) нож, отвал (напр., бульдозера)

- blade of a shovel

- loading blade

- plough blade

- rotary blade

- snow blade

5) резак; резец

6) пильное полотно

7) бот. травинка, былинка

8) ж.-д. крыло семафора

9) ж.-д. остряк стрелочного перевода

10) электр. нож рубильника; ножевой контакт

- female blade

11) фото лепесток диафрагмы

12) авто скребок ( для очистки стекол)

13) текст. било, трепало

- scutching blade

14) минер. лейста, пластина ( удлиненный кристалл минерала)

15) осуществлять планировку; профилировать

English-Russian scientific dictionary > blade
86 capacitor

1) электр. конденсатор, ёмкость

2) матем. конденсатор (система двух непересекающихся замкнутых кривых или поверхностей в евклидовом пространстве)

•

capacitor breaks down — конденсатор пробивается

to energize а capacitor — подпитывать конденсатор

to mold a capacitor — опрессовывать конденсатор

- antenna-tuning capacitor

- band-spread capacitor

- band-spreading capacitor

- bathtub capacitor

- book capacitor

- differential capacitor

- discrete variable capacitor

- feedback capacitor

- foil-type electrolytic capacitor

- ganged capacitor

- integrated-circuit capacitor

- jelly-filled capacitor

- loading capacitor

- logarithmic capacitor

- mansbridge capacitor

- memory capacitor

- metallized mica capacitor
- metallized paper capacitor
- midget capacitor

- padding capacitor

- phase-shifting capacitor

- polarized electrolytic capacitor
- power factor correction capacitor
- pressure-type capacitor

- reservoir capacitor

- self-healing capacitor

- self-sealing capacitor

- series capacitor

- spark-quench capacitor

- square-law capacitor

- storage capacitor

- straight-line capacitor

- surge capacitor
- surge-protection capacitor
- tantalum capacitor

- telephone capacitor

- tracking capacitor

- vernier capacitor

- wet electrolytic capacitor

English-Russian scientific dictionary > capacitor
87 point

1) точка

2) балл, очко

3) деление (шкалы); румб; лимб

4) заострение, остриё, острый конец || заострять, затачивать

5) полигр. пункт ( единица измерения в типографской системе мер)

6) пост, пункт, место

7) мыс

8) наконечник

9) предмет

10) ставить знаки препинания

11) указывать

•

about a point — мат. в окрестности точки

point at infinity — мат. несобственный элемент, бесконечно удалённая точка

point at zero potential — точка с нулевым потенциалом

point covers a line — т. граф. вершина покрывает ребро

point in common — общая точка

point in infinity — мат. точка в бесконечности

up to this point — до сих пор

winding number of curve with respect to point — мат. порядок кривой относительно точки (число оборотов вектора, соединяющего данную точку с точкой кривой при обходе кривой)

right two points — мор. на два румба вправо

with a point as a center — мат. с центром в точке…

with respect to point — мат. относительно точки

to issue from a point — исходить из точки

to plot a curve point by point — строить (кривую) по точкам

to plot a point — нанести точку ( на график или карту)

- absolute point

- absorbing point

- absorption point

- accessible point

- accumulation point

- admissible point

- affine invariant point

- algebraic point

- almost periodic point

- altimetric point

- ambiguous point

- amplitude of point

- analytic point

- anchoring point

- angular point

- antipodal point

- articulation point

- artificial grounding point

- associated point

- asymptotic point

- attaching point

- attainable point

- augemented point

- automatic set point

- axial point

- barometrical point

- bending point

- biplanar double point
- bisecting point of a segment
- branching point

- brilliant point

- calculus saddle point

- catastrophe point

- center point

- central point

- check reference point

- circular point

- closed point

- closure point

- cluster point

- coincident point

- color of point

- colored point

- common point

- compass-card point

- complementary point

- complete accumulation point
- conditionally stable point
- conical point

- conjugate point

- continuation point

- continuity in point

- continuity point

- contravariant point

- convergence point

- core point

- corner point

- cross point

- culminating point of trajectory

- cultivator point

- cutter point

- cyclic point

- degeneracy point

- degenerate critical point

- density point

- departing point

- departure point

- diacritical point

- diagonal point

- diametral point

- diamond point

- differential point

- diramation point

- discontinuity point

- discrete mass point

- divider point

- dividing point
- division point
- draw-off point

- drill point

- dyadic point

- east point

- egress point

- embedded point

- emergent point

- entrant point

- equichordal point

- equivalence point

- ergodic point

- essential isolated singular point
- essentially singular point
- evaporating point

- exceptional point

- exposed point

- extra-axis point

- extreme point

- feasible point

- feebly critical point

- finishing point

- finite point

- first critical point

- fixed end point

- flex point

- focal point of infection

- fork point

- form point

- free end point

- frontier point

- fundamental point

- fusion point

- fuzzy point

- game-theoretic saddle point
- general point - generic point
- geometric point

- glass-transition point

- global saddle point

- gold point

- half-power point

- harmonic point

- height of point

- heteroclinic point

- hexagonal point

- hinge point

- homoclinic point

- homotopically ordinary point
- horizontal control point
- hyperarithmetical point

- hyperbolic point

- ice formation point

- ideal point

- image point

- imaginary point

- improper point

- inaccessible point

- incongruent point

- indetermination point

- indication point

- indifference point

- infeasible point

- infinite point

- infinitely near point
- infinitely remote point point
- inflection point

- ingress point

- initial boiling point

- initial point

- inner point

- integral point

- internal point

- interpolation point

- intersection point

- invariant point

- inverse point

- inversion point

- inversive points

- irrational point

- irreducible point

- irregular point

- irregularity point

- isodynamic point

- isogonal point

- isolated point

- isotomic point

- isotone saddle point

- isotropic point

- jump point

- junction point of network

- labeled point

- labile point

- lateral point

- left singular point

- limit point

- linearly accessible point

- linkage point

- loading point

- lower significance point

- main point

- marker point

- mass point
- material point
- mathematical point

- maximum point

- measuring point

- median point of triangle
- minimal fixed point
- minimax point

- minimizing point

- minimum point

- modular point

- moving point of discontinuity

- moving point

- nadir point

- navel point

- near standard point

- near-stationary point

- needle test point

- Neel point

- negatively asymptotic point
- negatively stable point
- neighboring point

- n-fold point

- noncut point

- nondegenerate critical point
- nonessential singular point
- nonsimple point

- nonstable point

- nonwandering point

- nonzero point

- normal point

- north point

- n-th focal point

- null point

- object point

- one-to-one point

- operating point

- optimal point
- optimum point
- ordinary point

- osculation point

- outside point

- overcrossing double point

- parabolic point

- parameter point

- paratactic point

- passage point

- passing point

- peak point

- periodic point

- peripheral point

- persistent point

- phase point

- phase separation point
- piercing point of a line
- pitch point

- planar point

- plotted point

- point of accumulation

- point of analyticity

- point of application

- point of attraction

- point of branching

- point of break

- point of censorship

- point of closure

- point of compass

- point of condensation

- point of congelation

- point of connection

- point of contact

- point of continuity

- point of contrary flexure

- point of control

- point of convergence

- point of curve

- point of degeneracy

- point of density

- point of departure

- point of destination

- point of differentiability

- point of divergency

- point of division

- point of emanation

- point of embedding

- point of equilibrium

- point of extremum

- point of fixation

- point of flattening

- point of general position
- point of greatest concentration
- point of impact

- point of increase

- point of inflexion

- point of interpolation

- point of irreducibility

- point of jump

- point of junction

- point of lattice

- point of levelling

- point of maximum response

- point of observation

- point of origin

- point of osculation

- point of projective plane

- point of reference

- point of regeneration

- point of repulsion

- point of separation

- point of set

- point of strong density

- point of superosculation

- point of time

- point of tooth

- point of truncation

- polar point

- porosity point

- positively asymptotic point
- positively normal point - positively stable point
- power point

- precipitation point

- prestable point

- primary point

- primitive point

- probability point

- projective point

- proper point

- proper spiral point

- quasiinterior point

- quasiregular point

- quasisaddle point

- rail point

- ramification point

- random point

- rational point

- reachable point

- real point

- rectification point

- rectilinearly accessible point

- recurrent point

- reefing point

- regeneration point

- removable point

- removed point

- renewal point

- representative point

- reversal point

- ridge point

- right passage point
- right singular point
- rivet point

- salient point of a curve

- salient point

- sample point

- sampling point

- satellite point

- saturation point

- second critical point

- self-conjugate point

- self-intersection point

- self-osculation point

- semicomplementary point

- semiperipheral point

- semistable point

- sense point

- separable point

- separating point

- separation point

- sequence point

- sequential limit point

- setting-out datum point

- sextatic point

- share point

- significance point

- silver point

- similarity invariant point
- single mass point
- six-partite point

- smooth point

- soldered connection point

- soldering point

- solidifying point

- solution point

- spark-plug point

- spectral point

- sphere point

- spinodal point

- spiral point

- sputter point

- starting point

- state point

- stock point

- strategic saddle point

- striction point

- strictly polar point
- strongly recurrent point - strongly singular point
- suboptimal point

- subsidiary point

- supporting point

- symmetry point

- tabulated point

- tandem switching point

- tangency point

- tangent point

- terminal point

- thermal stability point

- time point

- time reference point

- tooth point

- top point

- transcendent point

- transient point

- transitive point

- triple point of water
- triply rational point
- trisection point

- true boiling point

- true boiling point

- truncation point

- two-tangent point

- ultrafinite point

- unattainable point

- undercrossing double point
- uniplanar double point
- unit point

- united point

- unstable focal point
- unstable nodal point - upper significance point
- variable end point

- vertical control point

- vortical point

- weighted point

- well point

- wild point

- work point

- world point

- zenith point

English-Russian scientific dictionary > point
88 problem

1) задача; проблема

2) неисправность

3) трудность, затруднение

•

problem with fixed boundaries — задача с неподвижными границами

problem with losses — задача об обслуживании с потерями

problem with movable boundaries — задача с подвижными границами

problem with waiting — задача об обслуживании с ожиданием

to attack a problem — штурмовать проблему

to formulate a problem — формулировать проблему

to work out a problem — разрабатывать проблему

to state a problem — ставить задачу

- absorption problem

- abstract problem

- accompanying problem

- adjoint problem

- advertizing problem

- algebraic problem

- algorithmically unsolvable problem

- applied problem

- approach problem

- arithmetical problem

- assignment problem

- asymptotic problem

- attack-and-defense problem

- augmented problem

- auxiliary problem

- axially symmetric problem

- ballistic problem

- ballot problem

- barrier problem

- basic maximum problem

- betting problem

- bidual problem

- bifurcation problem

- biharmonic problem

- binary problem

- birthday problem

- blending problem

- bottleneck problem

- boundary problem
- boundary value problem
- bounded problem

- bounded-variable problem

- brachistochrone problem

- burglar problem

- cake-cutting problem

- calculability problem

- canonical problem

- capacitated transportation problem
- card matching problem
- cataloguing problem

- caterer problem

- Cauchy problem

- center problem

- center-and-focus problem

- central asymptotic problem
- central limit problem
- chance-constrained problem

- characteristic problem

- characterization problem

- check problem

- classical problem

- classification problem

- closed problem

- coercitive problem

- coexistence problem

- coin-tossing problem

- coin-weighing problem

- coloring problem

- combinatorial problem

- compactness problem

- competitive problem

- compression problem

- computational problem

- conceptual problem

- conjugate problem

- constant problem

- construction problem

- continuum problem

- contract-awards problem

- control problem

- convergence problem

- convex programming problem

- correspondence problem

- counterfeit coin problem

- crossing problem

- dancing problem

- decidability problem

- decision problem under certainty
- decision problem under risk - decision problem under uncertainty
- decoding problem

- degenerate problem

- delivery problem

- diet problem

- differentiation problem

- diffusion problem

- dimensionality problem

- direct problem

- Dirichlet's problem

- disorder problem

- distribution problem

- divisor problem

- domino problem

- econometric problem

- effectivity problem

- eigenvalue problem

- election problem

- embedding problem

- empirical problem

- encounter problem

- entrance-fee problem

- enumerability problem

- enumeration problem

- epistemological problem

- equilibrium problem

- equivalence problem

- equivalent problem

- error minimization problem

- estimation problem

- evolutionary problem

- explosion problem

- extended problem

- extension problem

- extremal problem
- extremum problem - fair division problem
- feasibility problem

- feasible problem

- feed mix problem

- filtering problem

- finitary problem

- five queens problem

- fixed-charge problem

- flow problem

- forecasting problem

- foreman problem

- gambler ruin problem
- gambling problem - gasoline blending problem
- general problem

- generalized problem

- gold-mining problem

- graph-theoretic problem

- halting problem

- hill-climbing problem

- homogeneity problem

- homogeneous problem

- homotopy problem

- identification problem

- identity problem

- ill-conditioned problem

- ill-defined problem

- ill-posed problem

- ill-structured problem

- improperly posed problem
- incompletely structured problem
- index of problem

- infeasible problem

- inference problem

- infinite medium problem

- infinitesimal problem

- information retrieval problem

- inhomogeneous problem

- initial problem

- initial-value problem

- inner problem

- insoluble problem

- integration problem

- interpolation problem

- intractable problem

- intricate problem

- invariant problem

- inverse problem

- inversion problem

- irregular problem

- isometric problem

- isomorphism problem

- isoperimetric problem

- knapsack problem

- knight problem

- labyrinth problem

- lattice search problem

- linear problem

- loading problem

- location problem

- many-body problem

- map-colouring problem

- map-folding problem

- mass problem

- master problem

- matching problem

- mathematical problem

- maximization problem

- maximum-flow problem

- menage problem

- menu problem

- metrization problem

- minimal length problem

- minimax problem

- minimization problem

- mixed problem

- module problem

- moment problem

- monkey-banana problem

- monotonic problem

- moving boundary problem

- multicriterion problem

- multidecision problem

- multidimensional problem

- multiextremal problem

- multiindex problem

- multiple-integral problem

- multivariate problem

- natural problem

- necklace problem

- needle problem

- nested problem

- network flow problem

- network problem

- newspaper-boy problem

- nondifferentiable problem

- nonhomogeneous problem

- nonlinear problem

- nonlinear programming problem

- nonparametric problem

- nonsequential problem

- nonstationary problem

- nonstochastic problem

- non-uniform problem

- nonwell-posed problem

- normal problem

- normative problem

- number problem

- numerical problem

- observation problem

- occupancy problem

- one-armed bandit problem

- one-dimensional problem

- one-sample problem

- open problem

- optimal assignment problem
- optimal path problem - optimal stopping problem
- optimization problem

- optimum problem

- orderability problem

- original problem

- outer problem

- overspecified problem

- packing problem

- parametric dual problem

- parking problem

- partition problem

- percolation problem

- permutation problem

- personnel-assignment problem

- petrol blending problem

- picnic problem

- plane problem

- Plateau's problem

- polar problem

- polynomial approximation problem
- portfolio selection problem
- positional problem

- postman problem

- power moment problem
- precisely specified problem
- prediction problem

- prefix problem

- prey-predator problem

- primal problem

- probabilistic problem

- problem of allocation

- problem of deadly embrace

- problem of derangements

- problem of eight queens

- problem of elimination

- problem of form equivalence

- problem of interpolating

- problem of interpretation

- problem of inverse probability

- problem of localization

- problem of matching

- problem of projectivity

- problem of reduction

- problem of separability

- problem of six red disks

- problem of solvability

- problem of thirteen spheres

- problem of uniqueness

- problem of warders

- programming problem

- properly posed problem

- purchasing problem

- pursuit problem

- puzzle problem

- pyramided problem

- quadratic programming problem

- quadrature problem

- quasilinear problem

- random-walk problem

- ranking problem

- realizability problem

- recursively enumerable problem
- recursively solvable problem
- reduced problem

- reducibility problem

- reducible problem

- regression problem

- relaxed problem

- rendezvous problem

- representation problem

- resource allocation problem

- restricted problem

- roulette problem

- routine problem

- ruin problem

- saddle point problem

- satisfiability problem

- scheduling problem

- schoolgirls problem

- scope of problem

- search problem

- secretary problem

- self-adjoint problem

- semidefinite problem

- separable problem

- separation problem

- sequencing problem

- sequential decision problem
- sequential decision programming problem - sequential occupancy problem - shortest path problem - shortest route problem
- singular problem

- solvable problem

- special problem

- specialization problem

- spectral problem

- stable marriage problem
- standard control problem
- statistical problem

- stereometric problem

- stiff problem

- stopping problem

- structural problem

- substitution problem

- symmetric problem

- systems analysis problem

- taxicab problem

- tenth problem

- termination problem

- ternary problem

- three body problem
- three houses and three wells problem
- three-choice problem

- three-color problem

- three-dimensional problem

- three-point problem

- timetable problem

- tournament problem

- toymaker problem

- trace problem

- tradeoff problem

- traffic problem

- trajectory problem

- transformed problem

- transport problem

- transportation problem

- transshipment problem

- trasport problem

- travelling salesman problem

- tree-structured problem

- triangulizability problem

- trigonometric moment problem

- trigonometric problem

- trim problem

- two body problem

- two noncharacteristic problem

- two-armed-bandit problem

- two-body problem

- two-choice problem

- two-dimensional problem

- two-means problem

- two-point boundary problem

- two-sample problem

- uncertainty problem

- unconstrained problem

- undecidable problem

- underspecified problem

- unicity problem

- universal problem

- unsolvable problem

- unstable problem

- unstructural problem

- unsymmetric dual problem

- variational problem

- waiting time problem

- warehousing problem

- well-behaved problem

- well-defined problem

- well-formulated problem

- well-set problem

- well-structured problem

- word problem

- worked problem

English-Russian scientific dictionary > problem
89 rate

1. n норма; размер

birth rate — рождаемость

crime rate — показатель преступности

per cent rate — размер процентов

rate of profit — норма прибыли

rate of surplus value — норма прибавочной стоимости

rate of seeding — норма высева

the rate of speed per minute — скорость в минуту

underwriting rate — страховой тариф; размер страховой премии

equalization of rate of profit — выравнивание нормы прибыли

capacities rate — норма загрузки производственных мощностей

rate of return on assets — норма прибыли на основные фонды

rate for carrying inventory — норма на содержание запасов

2. n ставка, тариф; такса; расценка

the Rate — учётная ставка банка Великобритании

rate of discount — учётная ставка, учётный процент; ставка дисконта

rate of duty — ставка таможенной пошлины

implied rate of interest — подразумеваемая процентная ставка

federal funds rate — процентная ставка по федеральным фондам

discount rate policy — политика регулирования учетных ставок

interest rate policy — политика процентных и учетных ставок

interbank rate — ставка процента по межбанковским операциям

3. n фин. курс

the rate of exchange — валютный курс; вексельный курс; обменный курс

current rate — курс дня

draft rate — курс тратты

firm rate — твердый курс

mean rate — средний курс

check rate — чековый курс

4. n цена; оценка

to buy at a high rate — купить по высокой цене

cut rate — сниженная цена

dear rate — высокая цена

at a high rate — по высокой цене

preferred rate — цены со скидкой

subscription rate — подписная цена

5. n ж. -д. грузовой тариф

rate scale — тарифное расписание

residential rate — тариф для индивидуальных потребителей

average handling rate — средняя норма переработки грузов

electricity rate — тариф на пользование электроэнергией

rate of stevedoring operations — норма грузовых работ

loading/unloading rate — интенсивность грузовых работ

6. n скорость, темп

rate constant — константа скорости реакции

rate of growth — темп роста

rate of advance — темп наступления

rate of climb — скороподъёмность

rate of descent — скорость снижения

rate of fire — скорость стрельбы; темп огня; режим огня

rate of sailing — скорость хода

rate of ionization — скорость ионизации

at a great rate — с огромной скоростью

to drive at a dangerous rate — вести автомобиль с опасным превышением скорости

overall rate constant — константа скорости суммарной реакции

nominal justification rate — номинальная скорость подстройки

metabolic clearance rate — скорость метаболического очищения

information transmission rate — скорость передачи информации

increase in the reaction rate — возрастание скорости реакции

7. n процент, доля; коэффициент; пропорция; степень

rate of chickens — выход цыплят

scrap rate — процент брака

wear rate — степень износа

beating rate — степень помола

dropout rate — процент отсева

lading rate — ссудный процент

8. n разряд, сорт

of the first rate — первоклассный; наилучший

discharge rate — ток разряда

first-class rate — ставка по первому разряду

9. n пошиб, полёт

10. n местный, муниципальный, коммунальный налог; сбор на местные нужды

rates and taxes — сборы и налоги; коммунальные и государственные налоги

tax rate — норма налога; ставка налога

individual rate — цена для индивидуалов

utility rate — плата за коммунальные услуги

marginal tax rate — предельная ставка налога

effective tax rate — действующая ставка налога

11. n амер. оценка, отметка

sagging rate — оценка падения курсов

12. n образ действия; манера, способ

rate of living — образ жизни

to live at a high rate — жить на широкую ногу

if you go on at that rate you will injure your health — если вы и дальше будете поступать так, вы подорвёте своё здоровье

13. n спец. интенсивность; мощность

emission rate — интенсивность испускания

exposure rate — мощность облучения

arrival rate — интенсивность входного потока

assimilation rate — интенсивность ассимиляции

paging rate — интенсивность страничного обмена

rainfall rate — интенсивность дождевых осадков

rate of depletion — интенсивность расходования

14. n мор. класс

tourist rate — цена второго класса

15. n мор. ист. ранг

16. n мор. ход; суточное отставание; уход вперёд за сутки

rate of a chronometer — ход хронометра

gas rate — расход газа

gas-flow rate — расход газа

infeed rate — подача на вход

losing rate — положительный ход

gaining rate — отрицательный ход

17. n мор. тех. расход

not at any rate — ни в коем случае; ни за что

he has improved somewhat, in manners at any rate — он стал немного лучше, по крайней мере в обращении

mass rate of flow — массовый расход

metering rate — дозированный расход

weight rate of flow — весовой расход

flow rate transducer — датчик расхода

volume rate of flow — объемный расход

18. v оценивать, производить оценку; исчислять

to rate a coin above its real value — определять курс монеты выше реальной стоимости

book-value rate of return — норма прибыли при оценке активов по балансовой стоимости

19. v ценить, расценивать, оценивать

to rate one profession above another in usefulness — считать одну профессию полезнее другой

20. v спец. таксировать, тарифицировать

21. v считать, рассматривать; полагать

he is rated as a distinguished scientist — он считается выдающимся учёным

rate among — считаться среди

22. v считаться, рассматриваться

to rate as a national resource — рассматриваться как источник общегосударственного значения

23. v преим. s

24. v облагать местным налогом

they were heavily rated — они платили высокие местные налоги

local rate — местный тариф

police rate — полицейский налог

water rate — плата за воду; муниципальный налог на воду

25. v оценивать для установления ставки местного налога или страховой премии

the shop was rated at ?500 a year — облагаемый налогом доход с магазина был исчислен в пятьсот фунтов стерлингов в год

corporate meeting rate — цена для участников деловых встреч

broker's loan rate — процентная ставка по брокерским ссудам

time rate of change — ускорение при разгоне или замедлении

short rate table — таблица краткосрочной процентной ставки

open market discount rate — учетная ставка открытого рынка

26. v амер. ставить отметку, оценку; оценивать знания

27. v разг. заслуживать

he rates the best — он заслуживает самого лучшего

28. v амер. занимать привилегированное положение

she really rates with her boss — босс с ней очень считается

variable rate preferred stock — привилегированный акции с плавающей процентной ставкой

29. v преим. мор. определять класс; устанавливать категорию; классифицировать

a ship rates as first — судно относится к первому классу

30. v преим. мор. присваивать класс, звание

he was rated as a midshipman — ему было присвоено звание мичмана

31. v преим. мор. иметь класс, звание

32. v преим. мор. регулировать, выверять

to rate a chronometer — ставить хронометр по среднему поясному времени

33. v делать выговор; отчитывать, бранить, разносить

Синонимический ряд:

1. assessment (noun) assessment; levy; tariff; toll

2. degree (noun) degree; measure; percentage; proportion; ratio; scale

3. incidence (noun) comparative degree; fraction; frequency; gauge; incidence; occurrence; standard

4. pace (noun) clip; dash; flow; gait; momentum; pace; speed; tempo; velocity

5. price (noun) charge; cost; price; price tag; tab

6. relative amount (noun) allowance; commission; fare; fixed amount; freight; price per unit; relative amount; unit cost

7. appraise (verb) appraise; assay; assess; calculate; categorise; class; classify; estimate; evaluate; gauge; grade; group; judge; measure; order; pigeon-hole; place; rank; reckon; set at; survey; valuate; value

8. deserve (verb) deserve; earn; merit

9. scold (verb) baste; bawl out; berate; dress down; jaw; lash; rag; rail; rant; revile; scold; tell off; tongue; tongue-lash; upbraid; vituperate; wig

English-Russian base dictionary > rate
90 uniform

1. n форменная одежда, форма, униформа

school uniform — школьная форма

form of uniform — вид форменного платья

forms of uniform — виды форменного платья

service uniform — повседневная форма одежды

togged out in full uniform — одетый в полную форму

ordinary dress uniform — повседневная форма одежды

2. n воен. обмундирование, установленная форма одежды

to put into uniform — призывать на военную службу

prescribed service uniform — установленная форма одежды

official uniform — служебная форма; форменная одежда

abbreviated uniform — облегченное обмундирование

articles of uniform — предметы обмундирования

company uniform — форма одежды компании

3. a однообразный, единообразный

uniform life — однообразная жизнь

uniform commercial code — Единообразный торговый кодекс

uniform edition — издание в единообразном оформлении

uniform legal regime — единообразный правовой режим

4. a одинаковый, единый

a uniform application — одинаковое применение

uniform knowledge — единое понимание

uniform nomenclature — единая номенклатура

uniform story height — одинаковая высота этажей

uniform storage system — единая система хранения

uniform building code — единые строительные нормы

5. a форменный

6. a однородный

uniform cargo — однородный груз

uniform strength — однородная прочность

uniform waveguide — однородный волновод

uniform lightguide — однородный световод

uniform absorber — однородный поглотитель

uniform atmosphere — однородная атмосфера

7. a постоянный, ровный

keep the room at a uniform temperature — поддерживайте в комнате постоянную температуру

uniform cross section — постоянное сечение

uniform cross-section — постоянное сечение

uniform temperature — постоянная температура

uniform roll — качание люльки с постоянной скоростью

uniform quantization — квантование с постоянным шагом

8. a тех. сплошной

uniform gradient — сплошной уклон

9. a равномерный

uniform weight distribution — равномерное распределение веса

uniform elongation — равномерное относительное удлинение

law of uniform seniority — закон равномерного старения

uniform ice loading — равномерная гололедная нагрузка

uniform distribution — равномерное распределение

10. v делать однообразным

11. v одевать в форменную одежду

uniform dress — единая форма одежды

basic uniform — основная форма одежды

dress uniform — парадная форма одежды

Синонимический ряд:

1. consistent (adj.) consistent; harmonious; homogeneous

2. equal (adj.) equal; equivalent; identical; unvarying

3. like (adj.) agnate; agreeing; akin; alike; analogous; comparable; consonant; corresponding; intercomparable; like; parallel; similar; such; suchlike; undifferenced; undifferentiated

4. plain (adj.) plain; solid

5. unvaried (adj.) constant; equable; even; invariable; regular; stabile; stable; steady; unchanged; unchanging; unfluctuating; unvaried; unwavering

6. clothing (noun) attire; clothing; costume; dress; habit; livery; robe; vestment; wardrobe

Антонимический ряд:

askew; awry; bizarre; confused; contorted; crooked; deranged; disjoined; dissimilar; distorted; divergent; diverse; diversified; grotesque; inconsistent; variable

English-Russian base dictionary > uniform
91 capability

1. возможность; способность

2. производительность

3. характеристика

4-D capability

9-g capability

accel-decel capability

acceleration-deceleration capability

acoustic processing capability

aft-loading cargo capability

air-defence capability

air-superiority capability

air-to-air capability

air-to-air combat capability

aircraft design capability

airdrop capability

all-aspect capability

all-altitude penetration capability

all-weather capability

altitude reporting capability

anti-g capability

antihelicopter capability

antisubmarine capability

area navigation capability

autolanding capability

autonomous landing capability

baseline capability

beyond-visual-range capability

birdstrike capability

bump absorption capability

Cat I capability

climb capability

CLmax capability

computational capability

continued takeoff capability

cost-effective capability

counter-countermeasures capability

crossfeed capability

crosswind capability

decoupling capability

degraded mode capability

design capability

diagnostic capability

direct force capability

dry-run capability

dual-role capability

endurance capability

energy absorbing capability

energy absorption capability

engine-out capability

enhanced capability

fail-operational capability

failure mode capability

first-look capability

first-shoot capability

first-shot capability

flutter prediction capability

forward field capability

full-aerobatic capability

full-envelope 9-g load factor capability

full-envelope escape capability

full-lift capability

full-envelope capability

functional capability

G capability

g onset rate capability

go-around capability

gross weight capability

hands-off landing capability

hard-turning capability

high-alpha capability

high-g maneuver capability

high-lift capability

high-payload/long-range capability

high-speed cruise capability

hover capability

IFR capability

incidence capability

independent capability

inspection capability

instantaneous maneuver capability

instantaneous turn capability

instantaneous turning capability

instrument flight rule capability

launch-and-leave capability

lift capability

limited all-weather capability

load factor capability

load-carrying capability

loaded capability

lock-on after launch capability

look-ahead capability

look-down shoot-down capability

look-into-turn capability

Mach 1.8 capability

Mach number capability

maneuver capability

maneuvering capability

moving-base capability

multidesign-point capability

multimission capability

multiple-frequency capability

multipoint tanker capability

nap-of-the-earth capability

naval attack capability

negative-g capability

night fighting capability

nozzle vector capability

off-airfield capability

off-axis capability

off-boresight capability

off-boresight angle capability

paradrop capability

payload capability

payload-carrying capability

payload/range capability

pilot-aircraft capability

pitch rate capability

pitch-snatch capability

point-and-shoot capability

post-stall capability

probe-and-drogue capability

PST capability

range capability

rate of climb capability

real-time capability

reduced-field-length capability

rotor overspeed capability

rough airfield capability

rough field capability

rough ground capability

rough surface capability

rugged-terrain capability

see-through capability

self-diagnostic capability

short-field capability

short-landing capability

short-takeoff capability

simulation capability

sink-rate capability

six degree-of-freedom capability

snap/shoot attack capability

sortie generation capability

speed capability

standoff capability

stealth capability

sustained turn capability

sustained-g capability

swing capability

swing-role capability

temperature capability

terrain-clearance capability

tolerance capability

touchscreen capability

tracking capability

trim capability

turn capability

two-fail-operate capability

unimproved-field capability

variable-cycle capability

vector capability

vertical capability

vertical landing capability

zero altitude zero speed escape capability

Авиасловарь > capability
92 door

1. дверь; створка

2. крышка < люка>

air drop door

air-openable door

baggage door

blocker door

blow-in door

bypass door

cabin door

cargo door

clamshell doors

crew door

dropping door

entrance door

filler door

freight door

intake door

leg door

main gear door

nosewheel leg door

passenger door

power-assisted door

pressure relief door

refueling door

refuelling receptacle door

side-loading freight door

sliding door

spring-loaded door

suck-in door

suction relief door

tertiary door

undercarriage door

variable area ramp door

Авиасловарь > door
93 area

площадь; участок; пространство; область, район, зона; поверхность

"gold-plated" area of instrument panel — наиболее легко обозреваемый (лётчиком) участок приборной доски

air base service area — США район расположения тыловых частей и подразделений авиационной базы

air traffic advisory area — район с консультативной службой (воздушного) движения

airway traffic control area — зона управления воздушным движением по трассе полётов

area of fire protection — зона противопожарной защиты

area of high pressure — метео. область высокого давления, антициклон

area of low pressure — метео. область низкого давления, циклон

area of pressure differential — область перепада давлений

area of work effort — сфера деятельности

assembly and test area — ркт. сборочно-проверочная площадка

booster (engine) disposal area — район сброса [падения] стартовых двигателей [ускорителей]

booster (engine) impact area — район сброса [падения] стартовых двигателей [ускорителей]

disc area of main rotor — верт. площадь диска несущего винта

engine inlet duct area — площадь воздухозаборника двигателя

exhaust jet area — площадь выходного сечения сопла; площадь сечения струи истекающих газов

floor area between the ramps — площадь пола грузовой кабины между (передним и задним) грузовыми трапами

guidance and control area — ркт. площадка управления пуском и наведением

jet engine run-up area — площадка прогрева и опробования реактивных двигателей

local area of separation — область местного отрыва (потока)

main rotor blade area — площадь лопасти несущего винта

mean area of air weapon effectiveness — средняя величина площади эффективности авиационного оружия

missile ammunition storage area — площадка для хранения боевого снаряжения ракет

missile assembly and arming area — площадка для сборки и снаряжения ракет

rearming and turnaround area — площадка для подготовки (самолёта) к повторному боевому вылету

starter cartridge exhaust area — зона выхлопа газов из стартера

student jet training area — зона обучения курсантов полётам на реактивных самолётах

wind tunnel working section area — площадь сечения рабочей части аэродинамической трубы

— aerial fighting area

— aerial refueling area

— aileron area

— air covered area

— air defense area

— air intake area

— air material area

— air objective area

— air swept area

— air target area

— airborne objective area

— airbrake area

— aircraft alighting area

— aircraft loading area

— aircraft vulnerable areas

— aircraft's floor area

— airfield approach area

— airplane defense area

— airscrew disc area

— air-to-air gunnery area

— alighting area

— angle-of-attack area

— antenna area

— antiaircraft defended area

— approach area

— area of dispersion

— area of drag

— area of pitch-up

— assembly area

— attack area

— aviation restricted area

— avionics area

— avoid operation area

— bailout area

— balance area

— barrage patrol area

— base area

— battery control area

— battery launcher area

— blade area

— blanketed area

— blocked area

— body reference area

— bombing area

— burning area

— burning surface area

— capture area

— carrying area

— caution area

— chamber surface area

— characteristic area

— checkout area

— chop-out area

— chute area

— circular-mil area

— collecting area

— combustion-chamber surface area

— congestion area

— constricted area

— contact area

— contracted area

— control area

— controllable area

— conversion area

— critical scan area

— critical target area

— critical test area

— critical trials area

— cut-in area

— damage area

— danger-restricted area

— dead-fluid area

— deep-space area

— defenseless area

— deicing area

— design wing area

— developed area

— disaster area

— disc area

— discharge area

— dispersal parking area

— dispersion area

— distress area

— docking area

— dorsal fin area

— downwash area

— drag area

— dropping area

— duo-curved area

— echoing area

— effective area

— effective target area

— ejector outlet area

— elevator area

— elevon area

— emitting area

— engine area

— engine exit area

— equivalent flat-plate area

— erection area

— exit jet area

— exit the area

— exit-section area

— exposed area

— exposed burning area

— exposed wing area

— facial area

— fallback area

— fin area

— flame area

— flap area

— flight test area

— flight-approach area

— flow area

— flying area

— forced-landing area

— free cross-sectional area

— frontal area

— fuel-tight area

— gas-port area

— glide-in area

— gross footprint area

— gross wing area

— heat transfer area

— high bay area

— high-drag turbulent area

— high-pressure area

— high-probability landing area

— high-stress area

— holding area

— horizontal tail area

— hover area

— impact area

— impingement area

— inhibited area

— injection area

— inlet area

— inspection area

— instability area

— intake area

— intermediate landing area

— jettison area

— joining area

— jump area

— laminar area

— laminarized area

— land recovery area

— landing area

— launch base area

— launching area

— letdown area

— lifting surface area

— lightning area

— local area

— localizer engage area

— low-drag laminar area

— low-flying area

— low-pressure area

— lunar sampling area

— maintenance area

— marschalling area

— mating area

— midcabin area

— net footprint area

— net wing area

— noise critical area

— nonpassenger area

— nozzle exit area

— nozzle-throat area

— null area

— off-airways area

— off-base dispersal area

— one-directional landing area

— overcast area

— overlapping area

— panel area

— parking area

— passage area

— paved area

— penetration area

— planform area

— port area

— potential launch area

— precipitation area

— preflight preparations area

— prelaunch area

— preprogramed landing area

— presentation area

— pressurized area

— projected area

— propeller area

— propeller-blade area

— propeller-disc area

— radar-control area

— radiating area

— ramp area

— ready-use area

— receipt area

— receiving area

— recovery area

— reference area

— refueling area

— reloading area

— rendezvous area

— representative area

— required burning area

— rich-mixture combustion area

— rotor-blade area

— rudder area

— run-up area

— runway overrun area

— salvo area

— scanned area

— scheduled area

— seaplane alighting area

— seaplane parking area

— search area

— sectional area

— separation area

— service area

— servicing area

— shaded area

— shadow area

— site area

— solid-to-core assembly area

— special rules area

— splash area

— spoiler area

— stability area

— stable area

— stacking area

— stalled area

— standby area

— static electricity area

— striped warning area

— subsonic area

— sucked area

— supersonic area

— support area

— supporting area

— surfaced area

— swept area

— tail area

— tailplane area

— takeoff area

— target profile area

— technical area

— terminal area

— test area

— throat area

— total blade area

— touchdown area

— transmitting area

— transparency area

— turbulent area

— turbulent atmosphere area

— uncontracted area

— underrun area

— undershoot area

— unloading area

— unpressurized area

— unshaded area

— unshielded area

— unstable area

— unsucked area

— variable-throat area

— vehicle area

— VFR area

— warhead installation area

— water landing area

— wetted area

— wing area

— wing planform area

— working area

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > area
94 ratio

отношение, соотношение, пропорция; степень; коэффициент, см. тж. coefficient; передаточное число [отношение]

all-out level/stalling speed ratio — относительный диапазон скоростей полёта (отношение максимальной скорости горизонтального полёта к скорости сваливания)

base(-altltude, -height) ratio — отношение величины базиса фотографирования к высоте

best power mixture ratio — качество смеси для режима оптимальной мощности

burning (surface)-to-throat (area) ratio — отношение поверхности горения к площади критического сечения сопла (в РДТТ)

chamber volume-to-throat area ratio — приведенная [характеристическая] длина камеры сгорания

critical fiber length-to-diameter ratio — критическое относительное удлинение волокна

envelope-bulk to weight ratio — отношение объёма, занимаемого двигателем, к его сухому весу

exhaust nozzle area ratio — степень уширения или сужения выхлопного сопла

lift-(over, to-)drag ratio — аэродинамическое качество

main rotor/engine r.p.m. ratio — степень редукции между двигателем, и несущим винтом, соотношение чисел оборотов несущего винта и вала двигателя

maintenance (man hours)-to-flight (hours) ratio — соотношение объёма работ по наземному обслуживанию (в человеко-часах) и налёта

mixing ratio of moist air — метео. влагосодержаиие

port(-to-)throat ratio — относительная свободная площадь (отношение свободной площади к площади критического сечения сопла)

ratio of specific heats — отношение удельных теплоёмкостей, показатель адиабаты

solid-propel lant mixture ratio — соотношение компонентов твёрдого ракетного топлива

stoichiometric (equivalence, mixture) ratio — стехиометрическое соотношение компонентов топлива, стехиометрический коэффициент состава топлива

vertical tail area ratio — относительная площадь вертикального оперения

— advance ratio

— advance-diameter ratio

— aileron-span ratio

— air density ratio

— airframe-to-fuel weight ratio

— air-to-fuel ratio

— area ratio

— area-moment ratio

— aspect ratio

— augmented thrust ratio

— average mixture ratio

— best glide ratio

— best lift/drag ratio

— blade-width ratio

— boost ratio

— bore-stroke ratio

— boss ratio

— bypass ratio ten

— bypass ratio

— California bearing ratio

— chamber-area ratio

— chamber-to-throat area ratio

— charge-to-mass ratio

— charge-to-weight ratio

— charge-weight ratio

— chemically-correct mixture ratio

— combat loss ratio

— compression ratio

— compressive strength-weight ratio

— compressor pressure ratio

— contraction ratio

— control gear ratio

— control-to-wing area ratio

— convergence ratio

— critical pressure ratio

— cruise pressure ratio

— density ratio

— design mixture ratio

— deviation ratio

— diffuser area ratio

— disc flow ratio

— divergence ratio

— drag-to-lift ratio

— drag-weight ratio

— effective aspect ratio

— ellipticity ratio

— endurance ratio

— engine pressure ratio

— equivalence ratio

— erosion ratio

— exit pressure ratio

— expansion ratio

— extreme mixture ratio

— fan compression ratio

— fan pressure ratio

— fatigue-strength-to-density ratio

— feed-back ratio

— fineness ratio

— finite pressure ratio

— flight mixture ratio

— frequency ratio

— front-to-back ratio

— fuel-air equivalence ratio

— fuel-structure ratio

— fuel-to-airframe ratio

— fuel-to-oxldlzer ratio

— fuel-to-tank ratio

— fuel-weight ratio

— gas-generator mixture ratio

— gearing ratio

— geometric aspect ratio

— glide ratio

— high-fineness ratio

— horizontal-tail volume ratio

— humidity mixing ratio

— hydraulic mixture ratio

— hypersonic density ratio

— hypersonic Hft-to-drag ratio

— I/W ratio

— impulse-to-volume ratio

— impulse-to-weight ratio

— inflow ratio

— inlet compression ratio

— instantaneous mixture ratio

— internal area ratio

— kill ratio

— L/D ratio

— launch success ratio

— length-diameter ratio

— length-to-beam ratio

— length-to-web ratio

— linkage ratio

— load ratio

— local mixture ratio

— mass ratio

— mass-to-drag ratio

— mean mixture ratio

— mechanical advantage ratio

— metal parts-weight ratio

— missile length-diameter ratio

— missile mass ratio

— missile-to-target speed ratio

— mixing ratio

— mixture ratio

— modulus-to-density ratio

— modulus-to-weight ratio

— nozzle area ratio

— nozzle ratio

— nozzle-contraction area ratio

— nozzle-expansion area ratio

— off-mixture ratio

— offset ratio

— operating mixture ratio

— optimum expansion ratio

— optimum mixture ratio

— optimum stage-weight ratio

— over-all impulse-to-weight ratio

— over-all mixture ratio

— over-all payload ratio

— oxidant-to-fuel ratio

— oxidizer-to-fuel ratio

— oxigen-nitrogen mixture ratio

— panel taper ratio

— payloadratio

— payload-stage length ratio

— payload-structure-fuel ratio

— payload-structure-propellant weight ratio

— payload-to-launch ratio

— pedal-to-rudder gear ratio

— pitch ratio

— pitch-damping ratio

— power-plant mixture ratio

— power-to-weight ratio

— preselected mixture ratio

— pressure ratio

— primary mixture ratio

— progressivity ratio

— propellant loaded ratio

— propellant loading ratio

— propellant mixture ratio

— propellant ratio ratio

— propellant utilization ratio

— propellant-to-engine weight ratio

— propellant-weight ratio

— propeller solidity ratio

— ratio of inertias

— ratio of propellants

— reactant ratio

— reinforcement-to-matrix ratio

— restorability ratio

— roll/yaw ratio

— roll-damping ratio

— roll-to-sideslip ratio

— rotor solidity ratio

— semispan-length ratio

— servo gear ratio

— shutdown mixture ratio

— signal-to-noise ratio

— slenderness ratio

— slip ratio

— solidity ratio

— span ratio

— specific heat ratio

— speed ratio

— stage mass ratio

— stage-weight ratio

— starting mixture ratio

— static gearing ratio

— static mixture ratio

— stick gear ratio

— stick-stabilizer travel ratio

— stiffness/weight ratio

— strength-to-density ratio

— strength-to-weight ratio

— structural ratio

— structure/weight ratio

— structure-to-fuel weight ratio

— subsonic lift-to-drag ratio

— supercharger compression ratio

— supersonic lift-to-drag ratio

— surface-to-port area ratio

— system impulse-to-welght ratio

— system mixture ratio

— T/W ratio

— tail taper ratio

— tail volume ratio

— tail-area ratio

— takeoff pressure ratio

— taper ratio

— temperature ratio

— theoretical mixture ratio

— thermal diffusion ratio

— thickness-to-chord ratio

— throat-to-port area ratio

— thrust ratio

— thrust-chamber mixture ratio

— thrust-to-area ratio

— thrust-to-drag ratio

— thrust-to-weight ratio

— tip-speed ratio

— total mixture ratio

— total propeller-width ratio

— - to-thrust ratio

— transfer ratio

— ultimate tensile-stress-to-density ratio

— unpowered glide ratio

— variable gearing ratio

— vehicle lift-drag ratio

— velocity ratio

— vertical thrust/weight ratio

— vertical-tail-volume ratio

— volume O/F ratio

— volumetric ratio

— weight O/F ratio

— weight ratio

— weight-to-power ratio

— welght-to-payload ratio

— wheel gear ratio

— wing thickness-to-chord ratio

— yaw-damping ratio

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > ratio
95 rotor

ротор; несущий винт ( вертолёта) ; вихрь, завихрение; вихревая турбулентность ( атмосферы)

high-offset (flapping pin) rotor — несущий винт с большим разносом горизонтальных шарниров

hot (gas cycle) rotor — (турбо)реактивный несущий винт (с дожиганием топлива в концевых горелках)

— aft rotor

— aftward tilting rotor

— antitorque rotor

— articulated rotor

— autorotating rotor

— auxiliary rotor

— axial rotor

— balanced rotor

— broad-bladed rotor

— cantilever rotor

— centrally-hinged rotor

— co-axial rotors

— cold rotor

— compressor rotor

— contrarotating rotors

— control rotor

— controllable-twist rotor

— counter-rotating rotors

— data transmitter rotor

— disc-drum rotor

— disc-type rotor

— drum-type rotor

— dual rotors

— electrostatically suspended rotor

— engine rotor

— fan rotor

— flapping rotor

— flexible-blade rotor

— foldable rotor

— folding rotor

— four-bladed rotor

— free-wheeling rotor

— frequency-generating rotor

— front rotor

— fully articulated rotor

— gas generator rotor

— gas-lubricated rotor

— gas-turbine rotor

— gear-driven rotor

— gimbal-mounted rotor

— gyroscope rotor

— helicopter rotor

— helicopter tail rotor

— high-energy rotor

— high-lift rotor

— high-pressure compressor rotor

— high-pressure rotor

— high-speed rotor

— hingeless rotor

— horizontal rotor

— hovering rotor

— intermeshing rotors

— jet-driven rotor

— jet-flap rotor

— large-chord rotor

— lifting rotor

— low-disc loading rotor

— low-pressure compressor rotor

— low-pressure rotor

— magnetically suspended rotor

— magneto rotor

— main rotor

— model rotor

— multibladed rotor

— oppositely rotating rotors

— overlapping rotors

— pulsejet-driven rotor

— ramjet-driven rotor

— reaction drive rotor

— rear rotor

— rigid rotor

— sail rotor

— see-saw rotor

— self-deploying rotor

— selsyn rotor

— servo rotor

— shaft-driven rotor

— shaft-powered rotor

— shrouded tail rotor

— side-by-side rotors

— single-bladed rotor

— single-spool rotor

— slightly intermeshing rotors

— slow rotor

— spherical rotor

— spring tab rotor

— squirrel-cage rotor

— stabilizing rotor

— steering rotor

— stiff-hinged rotor

— stoppable rotor

— stowable rotor

— stowedrotor

— sustaining rotor

— synchro rotor

— tail rotor

— tandem rotors

— teethering rotor

— three-bladed rotor

— tilting rotor

— tip-driven rotor

— trailing rotor

— turbine rotor

— turbojet engine rotor

— twin-bladed rotor

— twin-tandem rotors

— two-bladed rotor

— two-spool rotor

— unbalanced rotor

— universally mounted rotor

— unloaded rotor

— untapered rotor

— variable-diameter rotor

— windmilling rotor

— wing-mounted rotor

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > rotor
96 test

испытание, проба, исследование, см. тж. testing, trials; испытывать, пробовать; исследовать

acceptable environmental range test — испытание для определения диапазона допустимых изменений условий окружающей среды

blade spin pit test — испытание лопасти на крутку

free-flight wind tunnel model tests — испытания свободнолетающих моделей в аэродинамической трубе

jolt and jumble test — разг. испытание на удар и вибрацию

large-scale tests of model — испытание крупномасштабной модели

low cycle fatigue tests — испытания на малоцикловую усталость

partial climb flight tests — лётные испытания «на зубцы»

random noise vibration tests — виброиспытания на случайные акустические нагрузки

rejected takeoff braking tests — испытания тормозов при прерванном взлете

research and development test — доводочное испытание (новой конструкции)

short takeoff and landing flight tests — лётные испытания самолёта с коротким взлетом и посадкой

single engine stall tests — испытания на срыв [сваливание] с одним работающим двигателем

spin tunnel model tests — испытание моделей в штопорной аэродинамической трубе

static test through ultimate load — статическое испытание до разрушения (образца)

supercharged CFR engine test — оценка детонационной стойкости (авиационных бензинов) на одноцилиндровой установке CFR

thermal vacuum chamber test — испытание в термобарокамере

water(-flow, -impingement) test — холодная проливка (ракетного двигателя)

wind tunnel (model) tests — исследования (на моделях) в аэродинамической трубе

— ability test

— ablation test

— acceleration test

— acceptance test

— acoustic emission test

— acoustical fatigue test

— acoustical test

— aerodynamic tests

— aeroelastic tests

— aerospace-simulation test

— air test

— aircrew classification test

— airfield performance test

— airplane ground tests

— airworthiness tests

— altitude test

— altitude-chamber test

— altitude-simulation test

— antiicing performance test

— autothrottle tests

— ballistic impact test

— bed test

— bench test

— blow-down test

— boom test

— breakdown tests

— buffet test

— calibration test

— captive test

— carrier qualification test

— carrier suitability test

— cascade test

— catapult model tests

— catapulting test

— chamber test

— clean configuration test

— climatic test

— climbing test

— cold start tests

— cold-chamber test

— cold-flow test

— cold-temperature test

— combat-environment test

— compatibility test

— composite test

— compression test

— configuration test

— control test

— crosswind taxi tests

— cruise range tests

— cyclical tests

— deceleration test

— delayed-ignition test

— depth perception test

— development flight tests

— ditching test

— dive test

— diving test

— drop test

— dummy test

— durability test

— dynamic load test

— dynamic model tests

— dynamic stability test

— dynamic test

— dynamometer test

— earth-orbital flight test

— ejection test

— electromagnetic compatibility tests

— endurance test

— engine endurance tests

— engine icing tests

— engine-out test

— environmental test

— escape test

— evaluation tests

— facility ablation test

— fail-safe tests

— failure test

— familiarization test

— field test

— firing test

— flame test

— flattening test

— flight proficiency test

— flight readiness test

— flight test

— flight-approval test

— flight-rating test

— flow test

— flutter damping tests

— flutter test

— flying test

— fracture-toughness tests

— free-drop test

— free-fall test

— free-flight test

— free-spinning model tests

— fuel flow test

— fuel-jettisoning test

— full-scale test

— gear test

— glide test

— go-around tests

— go-no-go test

— ground loop tests

— ground resonance test

— ground-based test

— guidance test

— gyro test

— high-altitude test

— high-pressure test

— high-speed tests

— high-temperature test

— hold-down test

— hot jet test

— hot test

— hovering test

— human test

— human tolerance test

— hydro fatigue tests

— hypervelocity impact test

— icing test

— in-flight tests

— infrared test

— ingestion test

— instrument flying test

— integrated test

— jet test

— landing test

— leakage test

— level speed tests

— life cycling test

— life test

— lift-jet flight tests

— live test

— longevity test

— long-time creep-rupture test

— low-level tests

— low-speed test

— low-temperature test

— meteorite-strike test

— military qualification test

— mock-up test

— model test

— multiaircraft flight tests

— noise test

— noise-fatigue test

— nose-cone test

— nuclear hardening tests

— on-the-pad test

— operational test

— orbital test

— out-of-atmosphere test

— panel-crippling test

— partial glide test

— passenger evacuation test

— peeling test

— performance tests

— piloted flight test

— pitot static test

— power calibration test

— powered-flight test

— precertification flight tests

— predelivery test

— prefiring test

— preflight test

— prelaunch test

— pressure test

— pressure-plotting tests

— pressurization test

— production flight tests

— program-control test

— program-fatigue test

— propellant-flowtest

— propulsion integration tests

— propulsion tests

— proving-ground test

— psychomotor test

— psychotechnic tests

— pulling test

— qualification test

— quick-stop tests

— radar reflection tests

— radius-of-turn test-s

— randomized-step test

— refueling test

— reliability test

— rendezvous simulated test

— rendezvous test

— repeated loading test

— rotor freedom test

— run-in test

— scale-model test

— screening test

— sea-level-pressure test

— separation test

— service test

— shakedown test

— shake-table test

— shielding test

— shock test

— simulated test

— simulation test

— single axis test

— skin-friction tests

— slam test

— sled test

— slush runway test

— sonic test

— space-borne test

— spacecraft test

— space-ship test

— speed/altitude tests

— spin recovery test

— spin susceptibility tests

— spinning tests

— stability test

— stage separation tests

— stalling test

— static corrosion test

— stores separation tests

— structural dynamics test

— structural test

— submerged launch test

— suborbital test

— subsonic test

— supersonic boom tests

— supersonic test

— takeoff test

— Taliani test

— tank test

— temperature test

— tensile test

— tension-tension tests

— testbed test

— tethered test

— thermal cycling tests

— thermal fatigue test

— thermal performance test

— thermal shock test

— thermomechanical erosion tests

— thrust chamber test

— torque test

— torsional test

— towing-basin test

— towing-tank test

— track test

— tracking test

— transition-flight test

— transonic test

— tuft test

— tunnel test

— turbulence tests

— turning tests

— unmanned tests

— vacuum test

— variable geometry tests

— vertical test

— wake turbulence tests

— wander test

— water recovery test

— water-tank fatigue tests

— whirl ing test

— zero-g test

Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > test
97 Ricardo, Sir Harry Ralph

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 26 January 1885 London, England

d. 18 May 1974 Graffham, Sussex, England

[br]

English mechanical engineer; researcher, designer and developer of internal combustion engines.

[br]

Harry Ricardo was the eldest child and only son of Halsey Ricardo (architect) and Catherine Rendel (daughter of Alexander Rendel, senior partner in the firm of consulting civil engineers that later became Rendel, Palmer and Tritton). He was educated at Rugby School and at Cambridge. While still at school, he designed and made a steam engine to drive his bicycle, and by the time he went up to Cambridge in 1903 he was a skilled craftsman. At Cambridge, he made a motor cycle powered by a petrol engine of his own design, and with this he won a fuel-consumption competition by covering almost 40 miles (64 km) on a quart (1.14 1) of petrol. This brought him to the attention of Professor Bertram Hopkinson, who invited him to help with research on turbulence and pre-ignition in internal combustion engines. After leaving Cambridge in 1907, he joined his grandfather's firm and became head of the design department for mechanical equipment used in civil engineering. In 1916 he was asked to help with the problem of loading tanks on to railway trucks. He was then given the task of designing and organizing the manufacture of engines for tanks, and the success of this enterprise encouraged him to set up his own establishment at Shoreham, devoted to research on, and design and development of, internal combustion engines.

Leading on from the work with Hopkinson were his discoveries on the suppression of detonation in spark-ignition engines. He noted that the current paraffinic fuels were more prone to detonation than the aromatics, which were being discarded as they did not comply with the existing specifications because of their high specific gravity. He introduced the concepts of "highest useful compression ratio" (HUCR) and "toluene number" for fuel samples burned in a special variable compression-ratio engine. The toluene number was the proportion of toluene in heptane that gave the same HUCR as the fuel sample. Later, toluene was superseded by iso-octane to give the now familiar octane rating. He went on to improve the combustion in side-valve engines by increasing turbulence, shortening the flame path and minimizing the clearance between piston and head by concentrating the combustion space over the valves. By these means, the compression ratio could be increased to that used by overhead-valve engines before detonation intervened. The very hot poppet valve restricted the advancement of all internal combustion engines, so he turned his attention to eliminating it by use of the single sleeve-valve, this being developed with support from the Air Ministry. By the end of the Second World War some 130,000 such aero-engines had been built by Bristol, Napier and Rolls-Royce before the piston aero-engine was superseded by the gas turbine of Whittle. He even contributed to the success of the latter by developing a fuel control system for it.

Concurrent with this was work on the diesel engine. He designed and developed the engine that halved the fuel consumption of London buses. He invented and perfected the "Comet" series of combustion chambers for diesel engines, and the Company was consulted by the vast majority of international internal combustion engine manufacturers. He published and lectured widely and fully deserved his many honours; he was elected FRS in 1929, was President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1944–5 and was knighted in 1948. This shy and modest, though very determined man was highly regarded by all who came into contact with him. It was said that research into internal combustion engines, his family and boats constituted all that he would wish from life.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Knighted 1948. FRS 1929. President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers 1944–5.

Bibliography

1968, Memo \& Machines. The Pattern of My Life, London: Constable.

Further Reading

Sir William Hawthorne, 1976, "Harry Ralph Ricardo", Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 22.

JB

Biographical history of technology > Ricardo, Sir Harry Ralph
98 area

area n
область
acceleration area
участок разгона
active thunderstorm area
район активной грозовой деятельности
advisory area
консультативная зона
aerodrome approach area
зона подхода к аэродрому
aerodrome graded area
спланированный участок аэродрома
aerodrome movement area
зона движения воздушных судов
air intake hazard area
опасная зона перед воздухозаборником
airport construction area
зона застройки аэропорта
airport prohibited area
запретная зона аэропорта
airport service area
служебная зона аэропорта
air-route area
район воздушных трасс
airspace restricted area
зона воздушного пространства с особым режимом полета
air traffic control area
зона управления воздушным движением
alert area
зона повышенного внимания
alighting area
место посадки
approach area
зона захода на посадку
approach area hazard
препятствие в зоне захода на посадку
area chart
карта района
area control
управление в зоне
area control center
районный диспетчерский центр управления движением на авиатрассе
area density calculation
расчет удельной нагрузки на поверхность
area flight control
районный диспетчерский пункт управления полетами
area forecast
зональный прогноз
area forecast center
центр зональных прогнозов
area forecast plan
план зональных прогнозов
area forecast system
система зональных прогнозов
(погоды) area navigation
зональная навигация
area navigation capability
технические характеристики зональной навигации
area navigation equipment
бортовое оборудование зональной навигации
area navigation route
маршрут зональной навигации
area navigation system
система зональной навигации
area of coverage
зона действия
area of coverage of the forecasts
район обеспечения прогнозами
area of occurence
район происшествия
area of responsibility
зона ответственности
area watch
контроль в зоне
baggage break-down area
зона обработки прибывающего багажа
baggage-claim area
место востребования багажа
baggage delivery area
место выдачи багажа
bearing area
несущая поверхность
boarding area
место загрузки
boundary of the area
граница зоны
break-in area
место вырубания
build-in area
зона застройки
circling approach area
зона захода на посадку по кругу
climb-out area
зона начального этапа набора высоты
cone effect area
зона конусного эффекта
congested area
зона интенсивного воздушного движения
danger area
опасная зона
danger areas chart
карта опасных зон
dead area
мертвая зона
departure area
зона торможения
design wing area
расчетная площадь крыла
direct transit area
зона прямого транзита
drag area
площадь сопротивления
end safety area
концевая зона безопасности
en-route area
зона маршрута
entry area
зона подхода
Eurocontrol area
зона Евроконтроля
extended end safety area
продленная концевая зона безопасности
facsimile area forecast chart
факсимильная карта зональных прогнозов
fog-prone area
район скопления
gases shear area
зона среза активной струи
grass landing area
посадочная площадка с травяным покрытием
gross wing area
площадь крыла, включая подфюзеляжную часть
hard-core area
зона высокой интенсивности
holding area
зона ожидания
interference-free area
зона, свободная от помех
land area
место посадки
landing area facilities
оборудование зоны посадки
leave a parking area
выруливать с места стоянки
lifting surface area
несущая поверхность
liftoff area
зона отрыва
loading area
место загрузки
load per unit area
нагрузка на единицу площади
low air area
нижнее воздушное пространство
low control area
нижний диспетчерский район
maintenance area
зона технического обслуживания
make-up area
место комплектования
maneuvering area
площадь маневрирования
(manoeuvring area) noncritical area
неопасная зона
nozzle exit area
выходное сечение сопла
oceanic area control center
океанический районный диспетчерский центр
oceanic control area
океанический диспетчерский район
open-water area
надводный район
operational area
зона полетов
overrun area
зона выкатывания
overrun safety area
зона безопасности при выкатывании
parking area
место стоянки
passenger assembly area
место сбора пассажиров
polar area
полярный район
poleward area
приполярный район
prepared landing area
подготовленная посадочная площадка
primary area boundary
граница основной зоны
prohibited area
запретная зона
propeller disk area
площадь, ометаемая воздушным винтом
radar control area
зона действия радиолокатора
radar service area
зона радиолокационного обслуживания
recovery area
район обнаружения
reserved area
запасная зона
restricted area
зона ограничения
restricted use area
зона ограниченной эксплуатации
routing area
район прохождения маршрута
run-up area
площадка для опробования
runway end safety area
концевая зона безопасности ВПП
runway end safety area lights
огни концевой зоны безопасности ВПП
search and rescue area
район поиска и спасания
secondary area boundary
граница дополнительной зоны
sensitive area
зона чувствительности
service area
зона обслуживания
signal area
сигнальная площадка
speed control area
зона выдерживания скорости
supporting area
несущая поверхность
tailpipe area
место расположения выхлопных труб
takeoff area
зона взлета
takeoff flight path area
зона набора высоты при взлете
temporary restricted area
зона временного ограничения
terminal area
зона аэродрома
terminal area streamline
схема зоны аэродрома
terminal area surveillance radar
радиолокатор обзора зоны аэродрома
terminal area taxi sequence
очередность заруливания к зданию аэровокзала
terminal control area
узловой диспетчерский район
ticket check area
место проверки билетов
training area
зона тренировочных полетов
transit area
транзитная зона
transit passenger area
зона для транзитных пассажиров
turnaround area
зона разворота на обратный курс
undershoot area
зона перед порогом ВПП
unobstructed landing area
зона приземления
upper advisory area
верхняя консультативная зона
upper air area
верхнее воздушное пространство
upper area control center
диспетчерский центр управления верхним районом
upper control area
верхний диспетчерский район
upper level control area
верхний район управления эшелонированием
variable area nozzle
сопло с регулируемым сечением
warning area
зона предварительного оповещения
wing area
площадь крыла
World area forecast center
Всемирный центр зональных прогнозов

English-Russian aviation dictionary > area
99 length

[leŋθ]

at full length во всю длину; врастяжку at full length со всеми подробностями; the horse won by three lengths лошадь опередила других на три корпуса; to fall all one's length растянуться во весь рост at length в длину at length наконец at length подробно; to go all lengths (или any length) идти на все, ни перед чем не останавливаться block length вчт. длина блока code combination length вчт. длина кодовой комбинации credit length срок кредита to draw out to a great length затянуть, растянуть (доклад и т. п.) at full length со всеми подробностями; the horse won by three lengths лошадь опередила других на три корпуса; to fall all one's length растянуться во весь рост field length вчт. длина поля at length подробно; to go all lengths (или any length) идти на все, ни перед чем не останавливаться to go the length of doing (smth.) позволить себе, осмелиться сделать (что-л.) to go the whole length of it делать (что-л.) основательно, доводить до конца at full length со всеми подробностями; the horse won by three lengths лошадь опередила других на три корпуса; to fall all one's length растянуться во весь рост length продолжительность; протяжение; of some length довольно продолжительный; in length of time со временем instruction length вчт. длина команды length расстояние; to keep at arm's length держать на почтительном расстоянии length дальность length длина length длительность length фон. долгота гласного length отрез; a length of dress fabric отрез на платье length отрезок, кусок length продолжительность; протяжение; of some length довольно продолжительный; in length of time со временем length продолжительность length расстояние; to keep at arm's length держать на почтительном расстоянии length расстояние length отрез; a length of dress fabric отрез на платье length of game число ходов length of maturity срок долгового обязательства length of residence продолжительность проживания length of time промежуток времени length of work (service) стаж работы (службы) loading length продолжительность погрузки length продолжительность; протяжение; of some length довольно продолжительный; in length of time со временем packet length вчт. длина пакета program length вчт. длина программы queue length вчт. длина очереди record length вчт. длина записи rigid length вчт. фиксированная длина route length вчт. длина маршрута rubber length вчт. упругая длина to speak at some length говорить долго string length вчт. длина строки through the length and breadth (of) вдоль и поперек, из края в край variable length вчт. переменная длина vector length вчт. размерность вектора word length вчт. длина слова

English-Russian short dictionary > length
100 recommendation work stream

"A set of activities that are created for a fixed or variable compensation plan. These activities include calculating a guideline increase or award based on the algorithm associated with a specific compensation action, entering a recommended increase or award, presenting the recommendation for approval (if required), and loading the recommendation to the employee."

مجرى العمل للتوصية

English-Arabic terms dictionary > recommendation work stream

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