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1 IMMINENT
– BE IMMINENT: úva- (impend), nearly always in a bad sense: threaten to come. Hrívë úva vena “winter is drawing near to us”. –VT49:14 -
2 IMPEND
úva- (be imminent), nearly always in a bad sense: threaten to come. Hrívë úva véna “winter is drawing near to us”. –VT49:14 -
3 US
The exclusive pronoun (us = “I and some others, not you”) is me (suffixed to ála “do not” in álamë tulya, "do not lead us”, VT43:12, 22). This pronoun evidently connects with the ending -lmë, see WE. Inclusive "us" (i.e. "you and me") should apparently be *ve (for older we), connecting with the subject ending -lvë (older -lwë). If the pronouns me, *ve are stressed, the vowel may be lengthened (mé, vé, VT49:51). In another conceptual phase, Tolkien’s word for inclusive "we, us" may have been *ngwë (Third Age Quenya *nwë), VT48:11. The dual forms receive the ending -t, hence met, wet > *vet as the words for “us” referring to only two persons (exclusive met = “me and one other [not you]”; inclusive wet/*vet = “thee and me”). – Evidently me, *ve would be the same as subject and object, so that these forms could also be translated "we" as a short independent pronoun, and they can also receive case endings, e.g. attested forms like locative messë "on us", allative mello "from us", dative men "for us", allative véna “to us”. The forms atarmë, metermë "for us" also seem to include me, but these forms were evidently ephemeral ("for us", exclusive, is better rendered as men, itself an attested form). –Nam/RGEO:67, VT43:15, 19, VT44:18, VT49:14 -
4 WE, US
The relevant Quenya pronouns make two distinctions not found in English. “We” can be either inclusive or exclusive, depending on whether the party addressed is included in “we” or not. Furthermore, “we” can be either plural (involving at least three persons) or dual (involving only two persons, the speaker and one other). Tolkien repeatedly revised the relevant endings. According to VT49:16, 51 one late resolution goes like this: The ending for plural exclusive “we” is -lmë, corresponding to dual exclusive -mmë. Hence e.g. carilmë *“we [not including you] do”, carimmë *“the two of us do; I and one other [not you] do”. The ending for plural inclusive “we” is to be -lwë or -lvë, corresponding to -ngwë for dual inclusive “we” (VT49:16; variant -nquë in VT49:51): Carilwë “we [including you] do”, caringwë “the two of us do; thou and I do”. The corresponding independent pronouns were pl. exclusive me, pl. inclusive we or later ve with variant vi (PE17:130); when stressed these could have long vowels (mé and wé > vé, VT49:51). They may also appear in object position (“us” rather than “we”), e.g. suffixed to ála “do not” in the negative command álamë tulya, "do not lead us" (VT43:12, 22). If these pronouns are to be dual, they receive the dual ending -t (exclusive met, inclusive wet > *vet; compare imbë met “between us [two]” in Namarië). The dual pronouns do not have a long vowel even when stressed. The pronouns me, we/*ve and their long variants can also receive case endings, like dative men or véna “for us” (VT43:27, 28, 33, VT49:14) or locative messë "on us" (VT44:12). An emphatic pronoun is attested as emmë “we” (VT43:20), this reflects an earlier conceptual stage where Tolkien used the forms in -mmë for plural rather than dual exclusive “we” (VT49:48, cf. forms like vammë, WJ:371); presumably he would later regard emmë as a dual exclusive form, corresponding to pl. *elmë (and with *elwë > *elvë and *engwë as the emphatic pronouns for inclusive “you”, plural and dual, respectively). These emphatic pronouns can also receive case endings; the dative form emmen “for us” is attested (VT43:12, 20). – Genitive forms, see OUR; reflexive pronouns, see OURSELVES.
См. также в других словарях:
vena — (Del lat. vena). 1. f. Cada uno de los vasos o conductos por donde retorna la sangre al corazón. 2. Filón metálico. 3. Cada uno de los hacecillos de fibras que sobresalen en el envés de las hojas de las plantas. 4. Fibra de la vaina de ciertas… … Diccionario de la lengua española
venă — VÉNĂ, vene, s.f. 1. Vână (I 1). 2. fig. (livr.) Conjunctură favorabilă; şansă, noroc (la un joc de noroc). – Din fr. veine, lat. vena. Trimis de cornel, 04.03.2004. Sursa: DEX 98 VÉNĂ s. 1. (anat.) vână, (prin Mold.) sfârc. 2. ( … Dicționar Român
Vena — Vena … Deutsch Wikipedia
vena — f. anat. Vaso sanguíneo que transporta la sangre venosa desde los distintos órganos hacia el corazón; generalmente sigue el mismo trayecto que las arterias. A excepción de las venas pulmonares, por el resto de venas circula sangre no oxigenada.… … Diccionario médico
VENA — Scaligero a Graeco ἶς, ἶνος, Becmanno a Latino venio: proprie ὄχημα et canalis est, quô sanguis venit et devenit in omnes corporis pattes. Quomodo et Arab. Gap desc: Hebrew nominatur a Gap desc: Hebrew venire, quod ab Hebr. Gap desc: Hebrew… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
vena — vena, darle a uno la vena expr. sentir deseos de algo, empecinarse. ❙ «...cuando te da la vena, no he visto tío más cerril en todos los días de mi vida...» Ramón Ayerra, Los ratones colorados. 2. vena azul s. pene. ❙ «Se me había inflamado la… … Diccionario del Argot "El Sohez"
Vena — statusas T sritis histologija, ląstelių chemija, histologinė chemija, audinių kultūra atitikmenys: lot. Vena ryšiai: platesnis terminas – venos siauresnis terminas – išorinis dangalas siauresnis terminas – kaverninė vena siauresnis terminas –… … Veterinarinės anatomijos, histologijos ir embriologijos terminai
vena — statusas T sritis histologija, ląstelių chemija, histologinė chemija, audinių kultūra atitikmenys: lot. Vena ryšiai: platesnis terminas – venos siauresnis terminas – išorinis dangalas siauresnis terminas – kaverninė vena siauresnis terminas –… … Veterinarinės anatomijos, histologijos ir embriologijos terminai
Vena — statusas T sritis histologija atitikmenys: lot. Vena ryšiai: platesnis terminas – venos siauresnis terminas – išorinis dangalas siauresnis terminas – kaverninė vena siauresnis terminas – raumeninė vena siauresnis terminas – skaidulinė vena… … Medicininės histologijos ir embriologijos vardynas
vena — statusas T sritis histologija atitikmenys: lot. Vena ryšiai: platesnis terminas – venos siauresnis terminas – išorinis dangalas siauresnis terminas – kaverninė vena siauresnis terminas – raumeninė vena siauresnis terminas – skaidulinė vena… … Medicininės histologijos ir embriologijos vardynas
Vena — Ve na, n.; pl. {Ven[ae]}. [L. See {Vein}.] A vein. [1913 Webster] {Vena cava}; pl. {Ven[ae] cav[ae]}. [L., literally, hollow vein.] (Anat.) Any one of the great systemic veins connected directly with the heart. {Vena contracta}. [L., literally,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
