-
1 siar
adv. "this day", a form Tolkien apparently abandoned in favour of síra, q.v. VT43:18 -
2 siarë
adv. "this day", a form Tolkien apparently abandoned in favour of síra, q.v. VT43:18 -
3 síra
compound noun "this day", used = *"today" as adverb VT43:18 -
4 hyárë
noun used as adv. older hyázë "this day", a form Tolkien apparently abandoned in favour of síra, q.v. VT43:18 -
5 arya
1 adj. excelling, used as the comparative form of mára good, hence *better PE17:57. The superlative *best is i arya with the article, with genitive to express *the best of Cf. mára. 3 noun "twelve hours, day" ARsup1/sup; compare aurë. In deleted notes this word was also used as an adjective: "of the day, light" VT45:6. Still according to VT45:6, arya is also the name of Tengwa \#26 in the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, but Tolkien would later call \#26 arda instead indeed arya was changed from arda in the source; Tolkien would later change his mind back again. The abandoned name arya suggests that the letter was to have the value ry rather than rd as in the classical system outlined in LotR Appendix E. Since the word for day daylight period is given as aurë in later sources, and arya is assigned other meanings in late material see \#1, 2 above, the conceptual validity of arya day is questionable.% -
6 alda
noun "tree" GALAD, GÁLAD, SA, Nam, RGEO:66, LR:41, SD:302, LT1:249, LT2:340, VT39:7, also name of tengwa \#28 Appendix E. Pl. aldar in Narqelion; gen. pl. aldaron "of trees" in Namárië. Etymology of alda, see Letters:426 and UT:266-7. The latter source states that primitive ¤galadā, whence Quenya alda, originally applied to stouter and more spreading trees such as oaks or beeches, while straighter and more slender trees such as birches were called ¤ornē, Quenya ornë - but this distinction was not always observed in Quenya, and it seems that alda became the general word. According to PE17:25, primitive galada sic referred to a plant large and was a general term. Place-name Aldalómë tree-night or tree-shade-night LotR2:III ch. 4, translated in PE17:82; Aldarion masc. name, *"Son of the Trees" Appendix A, Tar-Aldarion a Númenorean King UT:210. Aldaron a name of Oromë Silm; aldinga "tree-top" VT47:28, aldarembina pl. aldarembinë attested adj. tree-tangled, the cognate of Sindarin galadhremminPM:17:26.Aldúya fourth day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to the Trees Appendix D. The word seems to include *Aldu, a dual form referring to the Two Trees. The Númenóreans altered the name to Aldëa presumably *aldajā, referring to one tree the White only. The dual Aldu seems to occur also in Aldudénië "Lament for the Two Trees" a strange word, since Quenya does not permit intervocalic d as in this word perhaps the Vanyarin dialect of Quenya did Silm -
7 esta
2 adj. "first" ESE/ESET; this entry was marked with a query. The word Yestarë q.v. *"Beginning-day" in LotR suggests that Tolkien decided to change the stem in question to *YESE/YESET. We could then read *yesta for esta but later this became a noun beginning rather than an adj. first, PE17:120 and also prefix a y to the other words derived from ESE/ESET essë *yessë, essëa *yessëa. Estanossë noun "the firstborn", read likewise *Yestanossë *Yestanessi? but in a later text, Tolkien used Minnónar q.v. for "the Firstborn" as a name of the Elves, and this form may be preferred. In the Etymologies as printed in LR, the word Estanossë is cited as "Estanesse", but according to VT45:12, the second-to-last vowel is actually o in Tolkien's manuscript. -
8 ala
1 imperative particle á, a combined with the negation lá, -la "not" to express a prohibition VT43:22; see lá \#1. Also with 1st person suffix -lyë alalyë and álalyë, VT43:10, 22, VT44:8 and 1st person pl. object suffix -më alamë and álamë, "do not do something to us", as in álaumë/u tulya, "do not lead uus/u", VT43:12, 22. In the essay Quendi and Eldar, negative imperatives are rather indicated by áva, q.v., but this form can well coexist with ala, \#ála. 5 prep. "after, beyond" MC:221, 214; however, LotR-style Quenya has han and pella "beyond" and apa "after" 6 also alar! or alla! interjection "hail, blessed be thou". VT45:5,14 7 noun "day", also alan "daytime". The forms allen, alanen listed after these words could be inflected forms of them, genitive "of daytime", constracted allen = al'nen and uncontracted. However, Tolkien struck out all of this VT45:13. -
9 nai
1 imperative verb "be it that", used with a verb usually in the future tense to express a wish. The translation "maybe" in Tolkien's rendering of Namárië is somewhat misleading; he used "be it that" in the interlinear translation in RGEO:67. Apparently this is na as the imperative "be!" with a suffix -i "that", cf. i \#3. It can be used with the future tense as an expression of wish VT49:39. Nai hiruvalyë Valimar! Nai elyë hiruva! *"May thou find Valimar. May even thou find it!" Nam, VT49:39. Nai tiruvantes "be it that they will guard it" "may they guard it" CO. Nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna *may a star shine upon your book-fair VT49:38, nai elen siluva lyenna *may a star shine upon you VT49:40, nai elen atta siluvat aurenna veryanwesto *may two stars shine upon the day of your wedding VT49:42-45, nai laurë lantuva parmastanna lúmissen tengwiesto may a golden light fall on your book at the times of your reading VT49:47. Nai may also be used with a present continuative verb if an ongoing situation is wished for: Nai Eru lye mánata God bless you VT49:39 or literally *be it that God is already blessing you. The phrase nai amanya onnalya *be it that your child will be blessed omits any copula; Tolkien noted that imperative of wishes precedes adj. VT49:41. VT49:28 has the form nái for let it be that; Patrick Wynne theorizes that nái is actually an etymological form underlying nai VT49:36 2 prefix ill, grievously, abominably PE17:151, cf. naiquet-. Earlier material also lists aninterjection nai "alas" NAY; this may be obsoleted by \# 1 above; Namárië uses ai! in a similar sense -
10 ArUlmon
noun *"Day of Ulmo" LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -n. -
11 sana
1 demonstrative that very thing already referred to PE16:97. Sana wendë that maiden PE16:96 cf. 90 2 noun "day 24 hours" LT1:250; the later word ré is to be preferred to this early "Qenya" form -
12 ArManwen
noun *"Day of Manwe" LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -n. Also Arë Manwen VT45:27. -
13 árë
noun "day" PM:127 or "sunlight" SA:arien. Stem ári- PE17:126, where the word is further defined as warmth, especially of the sun, sunlight.Also name of tengwa \#31; cf. also ar \# 2. Originally pronounced ázë; when /z/ merged with /r/, the letter became superfluous and was given the new value ss, hence it was re-named essë Appendix E. Also árë nuquerna *"árë reversed", name of tengwa \#32, similar to normal árë but turned upside down Appendix E. See also ilyázëa, ilyárëa under ilya. In the Etymologies, this word has a short initial vowel: arë pl. ari ARsup1/sup -
14 resta
noun "sown field, acre" VT46:11 cf. RED-. The word parma-restalyanna, probably meaning *upon your book-fair, seems to use \#resta in the sense of fair as held in a field? Carl F. Hostetter however suggests that \#resta fair may be related to ré day VT49:39-40; if so this word is wholly distinct from resta sown field. -
15 ArVeruen
noun *"Day of the Spouses" Aule and Yavanna LEP/LEPEN/LEPEK; this is "Qenya" with genitive in -n. Also Arë Veruen VT45:27. -
16 laimë
noun "shade" DAY; in an earlier version the gloss was "shadow cast by an object or form"; see VT45:8-9. Perhaps Tolkien transferred this meaning to lëo when giving laimë the more general meaning "shade".
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