-
81 af-brýði
and contr. ábrýði, f. (now obsol.) jealousy; en er Sisinnus sá Clemens páfa standa hjá konu sinni, þá, viltist hugr hans mjök af mikilli ílsku ok afbrýði, Clem. 41, 42, Fms. i. 9, Ýt. 11; in all these places spelt with af-, but ábryði is more common, and occurs Hkr. i. 111; in the poem Gkv. i. 10—hon ægði mér af ábrýði—it is used of the jealousy of a wife to her husband. -
82 af-dráttr
m. [draga af, to detract], diminution, deduction, Ann. 1358 (of duties, fines), Dipl. i. 7, Jm. 135 = costs.β. in arithmetic, subtraction, Alg. 358, now frádragning. -
83 af-drif
n. pl. [drifa], destiny, fate; barn líkligt til stórra afdrifa, a bairn likely to grow into a great man, Fms. iii. 112 (of an exposed child); þykir mér lítil okkur a. verða munu, inglorious life, Fær. 53. It is now also used of final fate, end.2. offspring, Stj. 191. -
84 afglapa-orð
n. words of a fool, in the proverb, úmæt eru afglapaorð, ‘a fool’s word is nothing worth’—now úmæt eru ómagaorð—Boll. 352. -
85 af-hrapi
a, m. offscourings, outcasts, (an άπ. λεγ.,— afhrak being now used); ok ræðr hann sér einum á hendr afhrapa hans, Grág. i. 294 (of the consequences of harbouring a vagabond). -
86 AFI
* * *m.1) grandfather;2) man;afi eptir afa, in regular descent.* * *a, m. [cp. Lat. avus, Ulf. avô = μάμμα, and aba = ανήρ, vir], grandfather: it is now frequent, but occurs very rarely in old writers, who almost always use móðurfaðir or föðurfaðir. Yet it occurs in the poem Rm. 16—afi ok amma—and Vþm. 29, where it = föðurfaðir. It is curious to observe that in the poem Skm.—whence it is again transferred into the Grógaldr—it is used in the sense of a boy or a son; cp. as an illustration of this use the Norse phrase—D. N. iv. 848—afi eptir afa = son after father, man after man in uninterrupted succession, in accord- ance to the Gothic aba; Edda 108, Fms. iv. 288, vi. 346, xi. 6. We also say lang-afi, great-grandfather, and langamma, great-grandmother.COMPD: afasystir. -
87 af-kárligr
adj. = afkárr, Lex. Poët.; now freq. afkáralegr, adj. and -lega, adv. of manners, odd, like a madman. -
88 af-kymi
a, m. nook, Ísl. ii. 471 (paper MS.); kymi, id., is now freq. -
89 af-laga
adv. unlawfully, Grág. i. 473, ii. 367, Gþl. 294, 432, 473, Hkr. ii. 246, Al. 153; ganga a., Stj. 430.2. now used in the sense to be out of joint, things going wrong. -
90 af-leiðing
f. ‘off-leading:’1. now generally used in the pl. consequences, result;2. in old writers, on the contrary, it seldom occurs, and then in a peculiar sense. So Sturl. iii. 128, góðar afleiðingar eru með e-m, they are on good terms, things go on pretty well between them.3. metric. continuation; her er hinn fyrri vísuhelmingr leiddr af þeirri vísu, er áðr var kveðin ok fylgir þat málsorð, er afleiðing ( continuation) er kölluð, Edda (Ht.) 126. -
91 afli
m.1) means, gain, earnings, proceeds (afli ok herfang);2) might, power; hafa afla til einskis, to have means for nothing, be unable to do anything;3) troops, forces; þeir draga afla at ýður, they gather forces against you; aflinn ( the main body) Magnúss, konungs flýði allr.* * *a, m.I. means, acquisition, gain, produce, stores, fruits; afli ok herfang, Fms. ii. 106; hafði þórir einn forráð þess liðs ok svá afla þess alls er verðr í ferðinni, iv. 297; eignir … með öllum afla ok ávexti, increase and interest, K. Á. 54.2. now used,α. partic. of fishing stores, fishing.β. gener. of provisions and stores of any kind.II. metaph.:1. might, power; hafa afla til eingis, have might or means for nothing, be unable to do anything, to be powerless, Nj. 27.2. forces, troops, body, Lat. copiae, opes; Ásgrímr sagði þat mikinn afla, great support, Nj. 210; en þat sýnist mér þó ráðligast at biðja sér liðs, þvíat þeir draga afla at yðr, they gather forces against you, 222; munu vér skjótt eiga af honum ván hins mesta úfriðar ef hann fær nokkurn afla, troops, resources, Fms. i. 188; at herja á þá feðga með allmikinn afia, strong body, 184; ok er hirð Sverris konungs sá, at aflinn Magnúss konungs ( the main body) flýði allr, viii. 119.COMPDS: aflabrögð, aflafátt, aflafé, aflalítill, aflamaðr, aflamikill, aflamunr, aflaskortr, aflastund. -
92 af-mynda
að, to deform; dep. afmyndask, to be deformed, Fas. i. 425 (paper MS.); the word is now very freq. -
93 af-nám
n. gener. taking away, removal, Stj. 2 Sam. iv. II.β. esp. in the phrase, at afnámi, of something reserved, before the division of spoil, property, or inheritance; now, taka af óskiptu, Dan. forlods, Grág, i. 330, 336, Jb. 289 (Ed. af námi); konungr skildi hafa úr hlutskipti þriðjung við liðsmenn, en umfram at afnámi bjórskinn öll ok safala, Eg. 57.2. metaph. privation, loss; ok hann verðr at skaða þeim mönnum nokkrunn, er oss mun þykkja a. í, Eg. 114, Fms. vii. 244.COMPDS: afnámsfé, afnámsgripr. -
94 af-neita
að and tt, and afníta, tt, now always afneita, að, to deny, refuse; with dat., hefir afneitað tiltekinni trú, Fms. iii. 166; eigi vil ek því afneita, refuse, Fs. 11; ek afneitta eigi hans orðsending, Stj. 1 Kings xx. 7; en er hann afneitti eigi með öllu ( refused not), þá báðu þeir hann því meir, Grett. 146.2. absol. afnita; en þar es Jökull bróðir minn laust þik högg, þat skaltú hafa bótalaust, því at þú afníttir þú er þér vóru boðnar, Fs. 57. -
95 af-rækja
t and ð, to neglect, contemn, H. E. i. 257; reflex, afrækjast, in the same signification,α. with dat, a. lögunum, to break, neglect the law, Al 4.β. with acc. (now always so), a. sitt höfuðrnerki, Karl. 189.γ. uncert. dat. or acc., a. Guðs hlýðni, Edda (pref.) 144, Stj. 241.δ. with at and a following infin., Gþl. 183; konungar afræktust at sitja at Uppsölum, left off, Hkr. ii. 97.ε. absol., Fms. vii. 221, 188, Gþl. 506. -
96 af-segja
sagði, to resign, renounce; a. sér e-t, Barl. 210. Now used in the sense of to refuse, deny. -
97 af-springr
m., Al. 11, Hkr. iii. 277, Edda (pref.) 146, and various other forms; afsprengr, m. and afspringi, n., Gþl. 47, Fms. viii. 237, Sks. 46 B, Stj. 63, Orkn. 176; the form now usual is afsprengi, n., Fms. v. 217, Fas. ii. 391, Bret. 112.1. gener. offspring, progeny, v. the quotations above.2. in pl. used of the produce of the earth, Sks. 48 B (rare).3. metaph.:α. a band, a detached part of a body; þóttist Hrafn þegar vita, at þessi a. mundi vera af ferð þeirra Þorgils, that this detachment must be from the host of Thorgils and his followers, Sturl. iii. 274.β. a branch, ramification; ok er mikil van, at þar verði nokkurr a. ( offshoot) af þessum ófriði á Limafirði, Fms. xi. 13.γ. rumour, notice, = afspraki; fá nokkurn a. um e-t, Fms. viii. 160. -
98 af-stúka
n, f. side-nook, 655 xxxii. 4; a side-room in a temple, Fas. iii. 213; now stúka is almost always used of a sacristy. -
99 af-tak
n.1. gener. taking away, B. K. 108.2. ‘taking off’ (Shaksp.), slaying, executing; hvat hann vill bjóða fyrir a. Geirsteins, compensation for the slaughter of G., Fms. vii. 360; en a. hans ( slaying) segja eigi allir einum hætti, x. 390; með aftaki Ólafs, by slaying him, 195; um manna aftök, executions, Gþl. 137: cp. aftaka, and taka af, to execute, behead.3. in pl. commonly used of,α. flat denial, in such phrases as, hafa aftök um e-t, to deny flatly. In some compds this signification can be traced, as in aftaka-minni, Fms. i. 139.β. it is also now used in many compds of whatever is excessive, above all measure, e. g. aftaka-veðr, a hurricane.COMPDS: aftaksskjöldr, aftakamaðr, aftakaminni. -
100 af-taka
n, f. = aftak:1. gener. loss, privation; a. ok missa, of a personal loss by death, Edda 37.2. death by violent means, slaughter; til aftöku manna eðr fú upp at taka, for the cutting off of men or the confiscation of their goods, Eg. 73, 252; hann hafði verit at aftöku þorkels fústra, Fms. vii. 201, Orkn. 22 old Ed. Formerly there were no public executions in Icel., except the stoning of wizards or witches, Ld. ch. 98, Eb. ch. 20, Vd. ch. 26; and the hanging of thieves, Fbr. ch. 19, Kb. l. c. Now, however, used in the sense of public execution, and in various compds, e. g. aftöku-staðr, m. place of execution, etc.
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