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1 ú-
2 prefix "not-, un-, in-", denying presence or possession of thing or quality VT39:14, UGU/UMU/VT46:20, GŪ, LT1:272, or simply suggesting something bad or immoral see \#úcar-, Úmaiar. Tolkien at one point considered redefining ú- as an element signifying "bad, uneasy, hard"; the already-published form únótima would then mean "difficult/impossible to count" rather than simply "uncountable" VT42:33. However, Tolkien's very last word on the matter seems to be that ú- was to remain a mere negative VT44:4. Compare úa, q.v. According to the Etymologies, the prefix ú- usually has a "bad sense", whereas according to early material u- uv-, um-, un- is a "mere negation" UGU/UMU vs. VT42:32 According to a later source, ú- could be used as an uninflected verbal prefix, mainly in verse, but in a normal style the prefix was verbalized as ua-, q.v. PE17:144. The stem Ū, as a negation, was accompanied by pursed lips and shaking of the head PE17:145. -
2 um-
vb. "not to do, not to be" 1st pers. aorist umin "I do not, am not", past tense úmë UGU/UMU. Another version of this negative verb had the form \#hum-, q.v., but Tolkien rejected it. -
3 úvanimo
noun "monster creature of Melkor BAN, LT1:272; pl. úvanimor "monsters" is attested UGU/UMU, GŪ. According to VT45:7, 16 Tolkien did not capitalize the word úvanimo, though it was so printed in the entries BAN and GŪ in the Etymologies as printed in LR. The pl. form húvanimor was abandoned along with hú rather than ú- as a negative prefix, VT45:17. -
4 Vanimo
pl. Vanimor given, noun "the beautiful", children of the Valar BAN, or "fair folk" = men and elves UGU/UMU, VT45:17. Negated úvanimor = "monsters". -
5 úmë
1 vb. pa.t. of um- and u-?, q.v. UGU/UMU 2 "great collection or crowd of things of same sort" a struck-out note gave the rejected gloss "largeness" VT48:32, throng, great concourse of things without order PE17:115. Compare úvë. -
6 u-
vb. "not do, not be" 1st pers. aorist uin "I do not, am not", pa.t. úmë UGU/UMU. A late ca. 1968 source gives the forms uin, uinyë I am not, uilyë *you are not, uis it is not, uilmë *we are not, uir are not and endingless ui *is not VT49:29, 36; these forms were however struck out. The example uin carë I dont PE17:68 combines this negative verb with a following verb in the simplest aorist infinitive. Compare ua in another late source. See also ui, which despite its use as an interjection no seems to be the endingless 3rd person aorist. -
7 úmëa
1 adj. "abundant, swarming, teeming" VT48:32, large of throng PE17:115.Compare úvëa. 2 adj. "evil" UGU/UMU. Obsoleted by \#1 above? Possibly connected to úmëai in Narqelion, if that is a "Qenya" plural form.
См. также в других словарях:
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